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Hiroshi Kamata - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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high multi azole resistant Malassezia pachydermatis clinical isolates from canine Malassezia Dermatitis
Medical Mycology, 2019Co-Authors: Rui Kano, Chizu Aramaki, Nobuo Murayama, Yuko Mori, Kentaro Yamagishi, Shinichi Yokoi, Hiroshi KamataAbstract:Malassezia pachydermatis, a lipophilic and aerobic yeast, is a causative agent of Malassezia Dermatitis, a common skin mycosis in dogs and cats. This fungus is also responsible for zoonotic fungal infections in human neonates. Ravuconazole (RVZ) is an antifungal azole compound and the active metabolite of fosravuconazole, which was approved for use in humans in Japan in 2018. In the present study, in vitro RVZ susceptibility and multi-azole resistance of 13 clinical M. pachydermatis strains was investigated using the modified Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M27-A3 test. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for the 13 isolates ranged from 0.094 to >32 mg/L for itraconazole (ITZ) and from 0.5 to >32 mg/l for RVZ. Similarly, MICs for ITZ- or RVZ-resistant strains (MICs >32 mg/l) were also >32 mg/l for clotrimazole (CTZ), >32 mg/l for miconazole (MCZ), and 0.25 to >32 mg/L for voriconazole (VRZ). BLAST analysis using the NCBI database showed that ERG11 cDNA of the RVZ-resistant strain encoded Gly at codon 461 and Asp in cytochrome p450 encoded by M. pachydermatis ERG11 mRNA. This work is the first report to describe that an RVZ-resistant M. pachydermatis strain contains ERG11 mutations. The affinity of the protein encoded by ERG11 for RVZ may differ from that of ITZ. Therefore, RVZ has considerable therapeutic potential for treating ITZ-resistant canine Malassezia Dermatitis. However, RVZ-resistant strains already exist in canine Malassezia Dermatitis in Japan.
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multi azole resistant strain of Malassezia pachydermatis isolated from a canine Malassezia Dermatitis
Medical Mycology, 2019Co-Authors: Rui Kano, Shinichi Yokoi, Naoki Kariya, Karin Oshimo, Hiroshi KamataAbstract:In the case presented here, we describe the isolation of an azole-resistant strain of M. pachydermatis from a canine Malassezia Dermatitis. The isolate (NUBS18001) from this case exhibited a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 320 μg/ml to itraconazole (ITZ) by broth microdilution (BM) assay, >32 μg/ml to ITZ by E-test, and >32 μg/ml to KTZ by E-test. Synergistic effects between FK506 and ITZ in the azole-resistant strain was evaluated using the microdilution checker-board method. The ITZ-resistant strain exhibited MICs of 320 μg/mL of ITZ alone and 5 μg/ml of FK506 alone; the addition of FK506 attenuated the ITZ MIC to 2.5 μg/ml, yielding an ITZ FICI value of 0.507. This result suggested that the combination of ITZ and FK506 exerted an additive effect against the ITZ-resistant strain. To understand the other mechanism inferred to be present in our multi-azole-resistant strain, we sequenced the ERG11 gene from this isolate, and detected missense mutations (A412G and C905T) in the sequence of the ERG11 open reading frame (ORF). To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first report that a multi-azole-resistant M. pacydermatis strain contains mutations in ERG11.
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genotyping of Malassezia pachydermatis isolates from canine healthy skin and atopic Dermatitis by internal spacer 1 igs1 region analysis
Veterinary Dermatology, 2011Co-Authors: Tetsuya Kobayashi, Rui Kano, Masahiko Nagata, Atsuhiko Hasegawa, Hiroshi KamataAbstract:Isolates of Malassezia pachydermatis from healthy dog skin and from dogs with atopic Dermatitis were molecularly characterized using internal spacer 1 (IGS1) region analyses, and their phospholipase A2 activity and pH growth profiles were then characterized in vitro. The percentage of isolates from healthy dogs that had the following IGS1 subtypes (isotype, %) were as follows: 1A, 6%; 1B, 27%; 1C, 11%; 2A, 6%; 2B, 6%; 3A, 11%; 3C, 3%; and 3D, 24%. In contrast, 9% of isolates from dogs with atopic Dermatitis were isotype IB and 91% were isotype 3D, indicating that isolates of subtype 3D were the most prevalent in dogs with atopic Dermatitis. Production of phospholipase A2 was statistically higher in isolates of subtype 3D than in the other subtypes. The subtype 3D isolates showed enhanced growth on alkaline medium compared with non-3D subtype isolates. The main clinical sign of canine Malassezia Dermatitis is waxy exudates on the skin, which predispose the patient to development of a yeast overgrowth of the subtype 3D. Increased phospholipase A2 production may be involved in the inflammatory process associated with Malassezia Dermatitis.
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an azole resistant isolate of Malassezia pachydermatis
Veterinary Microbiology, 2011Co-Authors: Misako Nijima, Rui Kano, Masahiko Nagata, Atsuhiko Hasegawa, Hiroshi KamataAbstract:Canine Malassezia Dermatitis (MD) is frequently treated with systemic ketoconazole (KTZ) and itaconazole (ITZ). However, the antifungal susceptibility of clinical isolates of M. pachydermatis from dogs and cats to the azoles has not been well investigated. In the present study, the in vitro susceptibility of the standard strain (CBS1879: the neotype strain of M. pachydermatis) and 29 clinical isolates of M. pachydermatis to the azoles was measured by a modified CLSI M27-A2 test using modified Dixon medium as well as by the E-test. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the 30 isolates of M. pachydermatis (including the neotype strain) against KTZ and ITZ were <0.03 μg/ml by the two methods. The MICs of 1 clinical isolate (ASC-11) were 1 and 2 μg/ml against KTZ, and 2 and 8 μg/ml against ITZ, by the modified CLSI M27-A2 test and the E-test, respectively. Thus, isolate ASC-11 may be resistant to these azoles, making this the first report of a resistant isolate of M. pachydermatis to KTZ and ITZ.
Rui Kano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biology diagnosis and treatment of Malassezia Dermatitis in dogs and cats clinical consensus guidelines of the world association for veterinary dermatology
Veterinary Dermatology, 2020Co-Authors: R Bond, Emmanuel Bensignor, Daniel O Morris, Jacques Guillot, David Robson, Kenneth V Mason, Rui Kano, Peter B HillAbstract:CONTEXTE: Le genre Malassezia est compose qu’un groupe de levures lipophiliques qui ont evoluees en tant que commensaux de la peau et pathogenes cutanes opportunistes chez de nombreux mammiferes et oiseaux. OBJECTIFS: L’objectif de ce document est de fournir a la communaute veterinaire et aux parties interessees toute l’information actuelle sur l’ecologie, la pathophysiologie, le diagnostic, le traitement et la prevention des maladies cutanees associees aux levures Malassezia chez le chien et le chat. MATERIEL ET METHODS: Les auteurs ont forme un groupe d’experts (GP) et ont revu la litterature disponible avant octobre 2018. Les GP ont prepare une revue de la litterature detaillee et des recommandations ont ete faites sur des sujets choisis. Le comite de recommandations de consensus clinique de la WAVD (World Association of Veterinary Dermatology) a fournit des indications et a supervise le processus. Le document a ete presente a deux congres internationaux de societe de dermatologie veterinaire et a un workshop international de mycologie ; il etait disponible pour tout commentaire sur le site de la WAVD pendant six mois. Les commentaires etaient partages avec le GP par voie dematerialisee et les reponses, incorporees au document final. METHODS AND MATERIAL: The authors served as a Guideline Panel (GP) and reviewed the literature available prior to October 2018. The GP prepared a detailed literature review and made recommendations on selected topics. The World Association of Veterinary Dermatology (WAVD) Clinical Consensus Guideline committee provided guidance and oversight for this process. The document was presented at two international meetings of veterinary dermatology societies and one international mycology workshop; it was made available for comment on the WAVD website for a period of six months. Comments were shared with the GP electronically and responses incorporated into the final document. SCHLUSSFOLGERUNGEN UND KLINISCHE BEDEUTUNG: Das Wissen uber Malassezia Hefen und ihrer Rolle bei Krankheiten von Tieren hat sich bemerkenswert erweitert, vor allem seit den fruhen 1990ern. Die MalassezienDermatitis bei Hunden und Katzen hat sich von einer obskuren Erkrankung mit Kontroversen in Bezug auf ihre Existenz zu einer heute routinemasigen Diagnose in der allgemeinen Veterinarpraxis entwickelt. Die klinischen Zeichen sind gut bekannt und diagnostische Herangehensweisen gut entwickelt. Eine Breite von topischen und systemischen Therapien ist als wirksam bekannt, vor allem wenn pradisponierende Faktoren identifiziert und korrigiert werden.
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biology diagnosis and treatment of Malassezia Dermatitis in dogs and cats clinical consensus guidelines of the world association for veterinary dermatology
Veterinary Dermatology, 2020Co-Authors: R Bond, Emmanuel Bensignor, Daniel O Morris, Jacques Guillot, David Robson, Kenneth V Mason, Rui Kano, Peter B HillAbstract:Background The genus Malassezia is comprised of a group of lipophilic yeasts that have evolved as skin commensals and opportunistic cutaneous pathogens of a variety of mammals and birds. Objectives The objective of this document is to provide the veterinary community and other interested parties with current information on the ecology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of skin diseases associated with Malassezia yeasts in dogs and cats. Methods and material The authors served as a Guideline Panel (GP) and reviewed the literature available prior to October 2018. The GP prepared a detailed literature review and made recommendations on selected topics. The World Association of Veterinary Dermatology (WAVD) Clinical Consensus Guideline committee provided guidance and oversight for this process. The document was presented at two international meetings of veterinary dermatology societies and one international mycology workshop; it was made available for comment on the WAVD website for a period of six months. Comments were shared with the GP electronically and responses incorporated into the final document. Conclusions and clinical importance There has been a remarkable expansion of knowledge on Malassezia yeasts and their role in animal disease, particularly since the early 1990's. Malassezia Dermatitis in dogs and cats has evolved from a disease of obscurity and controversy on its existence, to now being a routine diagnosis in general veterinary practice. Clinical signs are well recognised and diagnostic approaches are well developed. A range of topical and systemic therapies is known to be effective, especially when predisposing factors are identified and corrected.
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high multi azole resistant Malassezia pachydermatis clinical isolates from canine Malassezia Dermatitis
Medical Mycology, 2019Co-Authors: Rui Kano, Chizu Aramaki, Nobuo Murayama, Yuko Mori, Kentaro Yamagishi, Shinichi Yokoi, Hiroshi KamataAbstract:Malassezia pachydermatis, a lipophilic and aerobic yeast, is a causative agent of Malassezia Dermatitis, a common skin mycosis in dogs and cats. This fungus is also responsible for zoonotic fungal infections in human neonates. Ravuconazole (RVZ) is an antifungal azole compound and the active metabolite of fosravuconazole, which was approved for use in humans in Japan in 2018. In the present study, in vitro RVZ susceptibility and multi-azole resistance of 13 clinical M. pachydermatis strains was investigated using the modified Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M27-A3 test. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for the 13 isolates ranged from 0.094 to >32 mg/L for itraconazole (ITZ) and from 0.5 to >32 mg/l for RVZ. Similarly, MICs for ITZ- or RVZ-resistant strains (MICs >32 mg/l) were also >32 mg/l for clotrimazole (CTZ), >32 mg/l for miconazole (MCZ), and 0.25 to >32 mg/L for voriconazole (VRZ). BLAST analysis using the NCBI database showed that ERG11 cDNA of the RVZ-resistant strain encoded Gly at codon 461 and Asp in cytochrome p450 encoded by M. pachydermatis ERG11 mRNA. This work is the first report to describe that an RVZ-resistant M. pachydermatis strain contains ERG11 mutations. The affinity of the protein encoded by ERG11 for RVZ may differ from that of ITZ. Therefore, RVZ has considerable therapeutic potential for treating ITZ-resistant canine Malassezia Dermatitis. However, RVZ-resistant strains already exist in canine Malassezia Dermatitis in Japan.
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multi azole resistant strain of Malassezia pachydermatis isolated from a canine Malassezia Dermatitis
Medical Mycology, 2019Co-Authors: Rui Kano, Shinichi Yokoi, Naoki Kariya, Karin Oshimo, Hiroshi KamataAbstract:In the case presented here, we describe the isolation of an azole-resistant strain of M. pachydermatis from a canine Malassezia Dermatitis. The isolate (NUBS18001) from this case exhibited a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 320 μg/ml to itraconazole (ITZ) by broth microdilution (BM) assay, >32 μg/ml to ITZ by E-test, and >32 μg/ml to KTZ by E-test. Synergistic effects between FK506 and ITZ in the azole-resistant strain was evaluated using the microdilution checker-board method. The ITZ-resistant strain exhibited MICs of 320 μg/mL of ITZ alone and 5 μg/ml of FK506 alone; the addition of FK506 attenuated the ITZ MIC to 2.5 μg/ml, yielding an ITZ FICI value of 0.507. This result suggested that the combination of ITZ and FK506 exerted an additive effect against the ITZ-resistant strain. To understand the other mechanism inferred to be present in our multi-azole-resistant strain, we sequenced the ERG11 gene from this isolate, and detected missense mutations (A412G and C905T) in the sequence of the ERG11 open reading frame (ORF). To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first report that a multi-azole-resistant M. pacydermatis strain contains mutations in ERG11.
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genotyping of Malassezia pachydermatis isolates from canine healthy skin and atopic Dermatitis by internal spacer 1 igs1 region analysis
Veterinary Dermatology, 2011Co-Authors: Tetsuya Kobayashi, Rui Kano, Masahiko Nagata, Atsuhiko Hasegawa, Hiroshi KamataAbstract:Isolates of Malassezia pachydermatis from healthy dog skin and from dogs with atopic Dermatitis were molecularly characterized using internal spacer 1 (IGS1) region analyses, and their phospholipase A2 activity and pH growth profiles were then characterized in vitro. The percentage of isolates from healthy dogs that had the following IGS1 subtypes (isotype, %) were as follows: 1A, 6%; 1B, 27%; 1C, 11%; 2A, 6%; 2B, 6%; 3A, 11%; 3C, 3%; and 3D, 24%. In contrast, 9% of isolates from dogs with atopic Dermatitis were isotype IB and 91% were isotype 3D, indicating that isolates of subtype 3D were the most prevalent in dogs with atopic Dermatitis. Production of phospholipase A2 was statistically higher in isolates of subtype 3D than in the other subtypes. The subtype 3D isolates showed enhanced growth on alkaline medium compared with non-3D subtype isolates. The main clinical sign of canine Malassezia Dermatitis is waxy exudates on the skin, which predispose the patient to development of a yeast overgrowth of the subtype 3D. Increased phospholipase A2 production may be involved in the inflammatory process associated with Malassezia Dermatitis.
Peter B Hill - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biology diagnosis and treatment of Malassezia Dermatitis in dogs and cats clinical consensus guidelines of the world association for veterinary dermatology
Veterinary Dermatology, 2020Co-Authors: R Bond, Emmanuel Bensignor, Daniel O Morris, Jacques Guillot, David Robson, Kenneth V Mason, Rui Kano, Peter B HillAbstract:Background The genus Malassezia is comprised of a group of lipophilic yeasts that have evolved as skin commensals and opportunistic cutaneous pathogens of a variety of mammals and birds. Objectives The objective of this document is to provide the veterinary community and other interested parties with current information on the ecology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of skin diseases associated with Malassezia yeasts in dogs and cats. Methods and material The authors served as a Guideline Panel (GP) and reviewed the literature available prior to October 2018. The GP prepared a detailed literature review and made recommendations on selected topics. The World Association of Veterinary Dermatology (WAVD) Clinical Consensus Guideline committee provided guidance and oversight for this process. The document was presented at two international meetings of veterinary dermatology societies and one international mycology workshop; it was made available for comment on the WAVD website for a period of six months. Comments were shared with the GP electronically and responses incorporated into the final document. Conclusions and clinical importance There has been a remarkable expansion of knowledge on Malassezia yeasts and their role in animal disease, particularly since the early 1990's. Malassezia Dermatitis in dogs and cats has evolved from a disease of obscurity and controversy on its existence, to now being a routine diagnosis in general veterinary practice. Clinical signs are well recognised and diagnostic approaches are well developed. A range of topical and systemic therapies is known to be effective, especially when predisposing factors are identified and corrected.
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biology diagnosis and treatment of Malassezia Dermatitis in dogs and cats clinical consensus guidelines of the world association for veterinary dermatology
Veterinary Dermatology, 2020Co-Authors: R Bond, Emmanuel Bensignor, Daniel O Morris, Jacques Guillot, David Robson, Kenneth V Mason, Rui Kano, Peter B HillAbstract:CONTEXTE: Le genre Malassezia est compose qu’un groupe de levures lipophiliques qui ont evoluees en tant que commensaux de la peau et pathogenes cutanes opportunistes chez de nombreux mammiferes et oiseaux. OBJECTIFS: L’objectif de ce document est de fournir a la communaute veterinaire et aux parties interessees toute l’information actuelle sur l’ecologie, la pathophysiologie, le diagnostic, le traitement et la prevention des maladies cutanees associees aux levures Malassezia chez le chien et le chat. MATERIEL ET METHODS: Les auteurs ont forme un groupe d’experts (GP) et ont revu la litterature disponible avant octobre 2018. Les GP ont prepare une revue de la litterature detaillee et des recommandations ont ete faites sur des sujets choisis. Le comite de recommandations de consensus clinique de la WAVD (World Association of Veterinary Dermatology) a fournit des indications et a supervise le processus. Le document a ete presente a deux congres internationaux de societe de dermatologie veterinaire et a un workshop international de mycologie ; il etait disponible pour tout commentaire sur le site de la WAVD pendant six mois. Les commentaires etaient partages avec le GP par voie dematerialisee et les reponses, incorporees au document final. METHODS AND MATERIAL: The authors served as a Guideline Panel (GP) and reviewed the literature available prior to October 2018. The GP prepared a detailed literature review and made recommendations on selected topics. The World Association of Veterinary Dermatology (WAVD) Clinical Consensus Guideline committee provided guidance and oversight for this process. The document was presented at two international meetings of veterinary dermatology societies and one international mycology workshop; it was made available for comment on the WAVD website for a period of six months. Comments were shared with the GP electronically and responses incorporated into the final document. SCHLUSSFOLGERUNGEN UND KLINISCHE BEDEUTUNG: Das Wissen uber Malassezia Hefen und ihrer Rolle bei Krankheiten von Tieren hat sich bemerkenswert erweitert, vor allem seit den fruhen 1990ern. Die MalassezienDermatitis bei Hunden und Katzen hat sich von einer obskuren Erkrankung mit Kontroversen in Bezug auf ihre Existenz zu einer heute routinemasigen Diagnose in der allgemeinen Veterinarpraxis entwickelt. Die klinischen Zeichen sind gut bekannt und diagnostische Herangehensweisen gut entwickelt. Eine Breite von topischen und systemischen Therapien ist als wirksam bekannt, vor allem wenn pradisponierende Faktoren identifiziert und korrigiert werden.
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the biology of Malassezia organisms and their ability to induce immune responses and skin disease
Veterinary Dermatology, 2005Co-Authors: Taian Chen, Peter B HillAbstract:TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 4 History and taxonomy of the genus Malassezia 5 Biological characteristics of Malassezia organisms 5 Structure 5 Reproduction 6 Biochemistry 6 Distribution of Malassezia organisms on the host 6 Immunological and epidermal responses to Malassezia organisms 7 The immune response to Malassezia organisms 7 Antigen release, penetration and presentation 8 Cell-mediated immune responses 8 IgG, IgM and IgA responses to Malassezia organisms 9 IgE responses to Malassezia organisms 10 Mast cell responses 11 Epidermal responses associated with Malassezia Dermatitis 12 Malassezia organisms as pathogens in humans and animals 13 Diseases associated with Malassezia spp. in humans 13 Pityriasis versicolor 13 Malassezia folliculitis 13 Seborrheic Dermatitis and dandruff 14 Atopic Dermatitis 14 Malassezia fungaemia 14 Diseases associated with Malassezia spp. in animals 15 Malassezia Dermatitis in dogs 15 Predisposing factors for overgrowth of Malassezia pachydermatis 15 Pathogenesis 16 Clinical features 16 Diagnosis 17 Treatment 18 Conclusions 19 References 19
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identification of major allergens of Malassezia pachydermatis in dogs with atopic Dermatitis and Malassezia overgrowth
Veterinary Dermatology, 2002Co-Authors: Taian Chen, R E W Halliwell, Alan D Pemberton, Peter B HillAbstract:We have previously shown that both atopic and normal dogs generate an IgG response to antigens of Malassezia pachydermatis. The aim of this study was to compare IgE responses to separated proteins of M. pachydermatis in 28 atopic dogs with Malassezia Dermatitis and 22 clinically normal dogs using Western immunoblotting. Six different detection systems were evaluated in order to assess sensitivity and eliminate nonspecific binding and cross-reactivity. The protocol yielding the best results utilized a monoclonal mouse antidog IgE, an alkaline phosphatase conjugated goat antimouse IgG which had been passed through a canine IgG column 3 times, a chemiluminescent substrate and a digital imaging system. Proteins of 45, 52, 56 and 63 kDa were recognized by more than 50% of the atopic dog sera and thus represented major allergens. Only a minority of normal dogs showed faint IgE binding to these proteins. The results indicate that the majority of atopic dogs with Malassezia Dermatitis have a greater IgE response than normal dogs, suggesting an IgE-mediated immune response may be clinically important in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Shinichi Yokoi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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high multi azole resistant Malassezia pachydermatis clinical isolates from canine Malassezia Dermatitis
Medical Mycology, 2019Co-Authors: Rui Kano, Chizu Aramaki, Nobuo Murayama, Yuko Mori, Kentaro Yamagishi, Shinichi Yokoi, Hiroshi KamataAbstract:Malassezia pachydermatis, a lipophilic and aerobic yeast, is a causative agent of Malassezia Dermatitis, a common skin mycosis in dogs and cats. This fungus is also responsible for zoonotic fungal infections in human neonates. Ravuconazole (RVZ) is an antifungal azole compound and the active metabolite of fosravuconazole, which was approved for use in humans in Japan in 2018. In the present study, in vitro RVZ susceptibility and multi-azole resistance of 13 clinical M. pachydermatis strains was investigated using the modified Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M27-A3 test. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for the 13 isolates ranged from 0.094 to >32 mg/L for itraconazole (ITZ) and from 0.5 to >32 mg/l for RVZ. Similarly, MICs for ITZ- or RVZ-resistant strains (MICs >32 mg/l) were also >32 mg/l for clotrimazole (CTZ), >32 mg/l for miconazole (MCZ), and 0.25 to >32 mg/L for voriconazole (VRZ). BLAST analysis using the NCBI database showed that ERG11 cDNA of the RVZ-resistant strain encoded Gly at codon 461 and Asp in cytochrome p450 encoded by M. pachydermatis ERG11 mRNA. This work is the first report to describe that an RVZ-resistant M. pachydermatis strain contains ERG11 mutations. The affinity of the protein encoded by ERG11 for RVZ may differ from that of ITZ. Therefore, RVZ has considerable therapeutic potential for treating ITZ-resistant canine Malassezia Dermatitis. However, RVZ-resistant strains already exist in canine Malassezia Dermatitis in Japan.
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multi azole resistant strain of Malassezia pachydermatis isolated from a canine Malassezia Dermatitis
Medical Mycology, 2019Co-Authors: Rui Kano, Shinichi Yokoi, Naoki Kariya, Karin Oshimo, Hiroshi KamataAbstract:In the case presented here, we describe the isolation of an azole-resistant strain of M. pachydermatis from a canine Malassezia Dermatitis. The isolate (NUBS18001) from this case exhibited a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 320 μg/ml to itraconazole (ITZ) by broth microdilution (BM) assay, >32 μg/ml to ITZ by E-test, and >32 μg/ml to KTZ by E-test. Synergistic effects between FK506 and ITZ in the azole-resistant strain was evaluated using the microdilution checker-board method. The ITZ-resistant strain exhibited MICs of 320 μg/mL of ITZ alone and 5 μg/ml of FK506 alone; the addition of FK506 attenuated the ITZ MIC to 2.5 μg/ml, yielding an ITZ FICI value of 0.507. This result suggested that the combination of ITZ and FK506 exerted an additive effect against the ITZ-resistant strain. To understand the other mechanism inferred to be present in our multi-azole-resistant strain, we sequenced the ERG11 gene from this isolate, and detected missense mutations (A412G and C905T) in the sequence of the ERG11 open reading frame (ORF). To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first report that a multi-azole-resistant M. pacydermatis strain contains mutations in ERG11.
Jacques Guillot - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biology diagnosis and treatment of Malassezia Dermatitis in dogs and cats clinical consensus guidelines of the world association for veterinary dermatology
Veterinary Dermatology, 2020Co-Authors: R Bond, Emmanuel Bensignor, Daniel O Morris, Jacques Guillot, David Robson, Kenneth V Mason, Rui Kano, Peter B HillAbstract:CONTEXTE: Le genre Malassezia est compose qu’un groupe de levures lipophiliques qui ont evoluees en tant que commensaux de la peau et pathogenes cutanes opportunistes chez de nombreux mammiferes et oiseaux. OBJECTIFS: L’objectif de ce document est de fournir a la communaute veterinaire et aux parties interessees toute l’information actuelle sur l’ecologie, la pathophysiologie, le diagnostic, le traitement et la prevention des maladies cutanees associees aux levures Malassezia chez le chien et le chat. MATERIEL ET METHODS: Les auteurs ont forme un groupe d’experts (GP) et ont revu la litterature disponible avant octobre 2018. Les GP ont prepare une revue de la litterature detaillee et des recommandations ont ete faites sur des sujets choisis. Le comite de recommandations de consensus clinique de la WAVD (World Association of Veterinary Dermatology) a fournit des indications et a supervise le processus. Le document a ete presente a deux congres internationaux de societe de dermatologie veterinaire et a un workshop international de mycologie ; il etait disponible pour tout commentaire sur le site de la WAVD pendant six mois. Les commentaires etaient partages avec le GP par voie dematerialisee et les reponses, incorporees au document final. METHODS AND MATERIAL: The authors served as a Guideline Panel (GP) and reviewed the literature available prior to October 2018. The GP prepared a detailed literature review and made recommendations on selected topics. The World Association of Veterinary Dermatology (WAVD) Clinical Consensus Guideline committee provided guidance and oversight for this process. The document was presented at two international meetings of veterinary dermatology societies and one international mycology workshop; it was made available for comment on the WAVD website for a period of six months. Comments were shared with the GP electronically and responses incorporated into the final document. SCHLUSSFOLGERUNGEN UND KLINISCHE BEDEUTUNG: Das Wissen uber Malassezia Hefen und ihrer Rolle bei Krankheiten von Tieren hat sich bemerkenswert erweitert, vor allem seit den fruhen 1990ern. Die MalassezienDermatitis bei Hunden und Katzen hat sich von einer obskuren Erkrankung mit Kontroversen in Bezug auf ihre Existenz zu einer heute routinemasigen Diagnose in der allgemeinen Veterinarpraxis entwickelt. Die klinischen Zeichen sind gut bekannt und diagnostische Herangehensweisen gut entwickelt. Eine Breite von topischen und systemischen Therapien ist als wirksam bekannt, vor allem wenn pradisponierende Faktoren identifiziert und korrigiert werden.
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biology diagnosis and treatment of Malassezia Dermatitis in dogs and cats clinical consensus guidelines of the world association for veterinary dermatology
Veterinary Dermatology, 2020Co-Authors: R Bond, Emmanuel Bensignor, Daniel O Morris, Jacques Guillot, David Robson, Kenneth V Mason, Rui Kano, Peter B HillAbstract:Background The genus Malassezia is comprised of a group of lipophilic yeasts that have evolved as skin commensals and opportunistic cutaneous pathogens of a variety of mammals and birds. Objectives The objective of this document is to provide the veterinary community and other interested parties with current information on the ecology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of skin diseases associated with Malassezia yeasts in dogs and cats. Methods and material The authors served as a Guideline Panel (GP) and reviewed the literature available prior to October 2018. The GP prepared a detailed literature review and made recommendations on selected topics. The World Association of Veterinary Dermatology (WAVD) Clinical Consensus Guideline committee provided guidance and oversight for this process. The document was presented at two international meetings of veterinary dermatology societies and one international mycology workshop; it was made available for comment on the WAVD website for a period of six months. Comments were shared with the GP electronically and responses incorporated into the final document. Conclusions and clinical importance There has been a remarkable expansion of knowledge on Malassezia yeasts and their role in animal disease, particularly since the early 1990's. Malassezia Dermatitis in dogs and cats has evolved from a disease of obscurity and controversy on its existence, to now being a routine diagnosis in general veterinary practice. Clinical signs are well recognised and diagnostic approaches are well developed. A range of topical and systemic therapies is known to be effective, especially when predisposing factors are identified and corrected.
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Malassezia Dermatitis in dogs in brazil diagnosis evaluation of clinical signs and molecular identification
Veterinary Dermatology, 2011Co-Authors: Mauro Luis Da Silva Machado, Laerte Ferreiro, Rafael Rodrigues Ferreira, Luis Gustavo Corbellini, Manjula Deville, Madeleine Berthelemy, Jacques GuillotAbstract:Skin carriage and quantification of Malassezia yeasts were evaluated in 180 healthy dogs (group 1) and 117 dogs with clinical signs (pruritus, erythema, lichenification/seborrhoea, excoriations and alopecia) that could be related to Malassezia Dermatitis (group 2) in Brazil. The lesions in the group 2 dogs were evaluated using CADESI-03 scores. Samples were collected from five different anatomical areas. Direct examination was performed using the tape strip technique, and results were expressed as the mean number of yeasts per ×1000 microscopic field per dog. For mycological culture, a single piece of sterilized carpet was applied to the same areas sampled for cytology, and transferred onto Dixon's modified medium. Yeast populations were expressed as mean colony forming units (CFU)/plate. Malassezia isolates were characterized by polymerase chain reaction-restriction endonuclease analysis of the large subunit (LSU) of ribosomal RNA gene. The probability of culturing Malassezia from dogs with skin lesions was significantly higher (P<0.001) than from healthy dogs. There was a linear trend between CADESI-03 score and mean CFU/plate. Group 2 dogs with positive cultures had higher CADESI-03 scores than those with negative cultures (P<0.05). Almost all isolates were identified as Malassezia pachydermatis. Only one isolate (group 2) was identified as Malassezia furfur. These data suggest that dogs with skin disorders harbouring Malassezia yeasts in quantities higher than 120 mean CFU/plate should be considered as having Malassezia Dermatitis. The presence of Malassezia appears to exacerbate clinical lesions in dogs.
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evidence based veterinary dermatology a systematic review of interventions for Malassezia Dermatitis in dogs
Veterinary Dermatology, 2009Co-Authors: Amelie Negre, Emmanuel Bensignor, Jacques GuillotAbstract:The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of antifungal treatments for Malassezia Dermatitis in dogs and, when possible, to propose recommendation for or against their use. Electronic searches were carried out using PubMed MEDLINE(R), CABDirect and CONSULTANT database. The volumes of Advances in Veterinary Dermatology, the proceedings of ESVD/ECVD and AAVD/ACVD congresses were hand-searched for studies relevant to this review. All articles and book chapters discussing treatment of Malassezia Dermatitis were scanned for additional citations. Lastly, a request was sent to the Vetderm Listserv to share recent clinical trials. The analysis evaluated study design, methodology quality, subject enrolment quality, type of interventions and outcome measures. The searches identified 35 articles, and 14 trials that fulfilled the following selection criteria: (i) in vivo clinical trials, (ii) dogs showing clinical lesions of Malassezia Dermatitis and (iii) enrolment of at least five dogs. Among these, only eight studies fulfilled the following additional criterion: (iv) prospective in vivo clinical trials reporting clinical and mycological outcome measures. A total number of 14 different treatment protocols included four blinded, randomized and controlled trials (quality of evidence grade A), four controlled studies lacking blinding and/or randomization (grade B), five open uncontrolled trials (grade C) and one descriptive study (grade D). This systematic review allowed us to recommend, with good evidence, the use of only one topical treatment of Malassezia Dermatitis (2% miconazole nitrate +2% chlorhexidine, twice a week for 3 weeks) and with fair evidence the use of two systemic treatments with azole derivatives (ketoconazole, 10 mg kg(-1) day(-1) and itraconazole, 5 mg kg(-1) day(-1) for 3 weeks).
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Comparative efficacies of oral ketoconazole and terbinafine for reducing Malassezia population sizes on the skin of Basset Hounds
Veterinary Dermatology, 2003Co-Authors: Jacques Guillot, Emmanuel Bensignor, François Jankowski, Wolfgang Seewald, René Chermette, Jean SteffanAbstract:The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of oral ketoconazole and terbinafine for reducing population sizes of Malassezia yeasts on canine skin. Twenty-one Basset Hounds were randomised in three groups of seven according to Malassezia populations. Dogs in the first group were treated by oral administration of ketoconazole (Ketofungol® 200 mg, Janssen-Cilag) at 10 mg kg−1, every 24 h with food, for 3 weeks. Dogs in the second group were treated by oral administration of terbinafine (Lamisil® 250 mg, Novartis) at 30 mg kg−1, every 24 h with food, for 3 weeks. The seven remaining dogs were used as controls. Malassezia population sizes were assessed by use of contact plates on four cutaneous sites at days 7, 14 and 21. Both ketoconazole and terbinafine were effective in reducing the baseline levels of Malassezia organisms with no significant difference between the two drugs. In further studies, oral terbinafine should be evaluated for the management of canine cases of Malassezia Dermatitis.