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Luis Augusto Barbosa Cortez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • economic environmental and social impacts of different sugarcane production systems
    Biofuels Bioproducts and Biorefining, 2018
    Co-Authors: Terezinha F Cardoso, Marcos D B Watanabe, Alexandre Souza, Mateus F Chagas, Otavio Cavalett, Edvaldo Rodrigo De Morais, Luiz Augusto Horta Nogueira, Regis M L V Leal, Oscar A Braunbeck, Luis Augusto Barbosa Cortez
    Abstract:

    Mechanization in the sugarcane agriculture has increased over the last few years, especially in Harvesting and planting operations, in the Brazilian Center-South region. The consequences of such a technological shift, however, are not fully comprehended when multiple perspectives are considered such as economic aspects, environmental regulations, and social context. The main goal of this study is to generate comprehensive information to subsidize decision-making processes not only in Brazil but also in other countries where sugarcane production is still under development. Manual and mechanical technologies for planting and Harvesting were evaluated (with and without pre-harvest burning), as well as straw recovery, seeking to identify their advantages and disadvantages, considering economic, environmental, and social aspects. Considering vertically integrated production systems (agricultural and industrial phases), sugarcane production scenarios were compared under the metrics from engineering economics, life cycle assessment (LCA), and social LCA. Manual technologies were related to the highest job creation levels; however, lower internal rates of return and higher ethanol production costs were also observed. In general, mechanized scenarios were associated with lower ethanol production costs and higher internal rates of return due to lower biomass production cost, higher ethanol yield, and higher electricity surplus. Considering the restrictions for sugarcane burning and practical difficulties of Manual Harvesting of green cane, environmental analysis showed that mechanical Harvesting of green cane with straw recovery presents, in general, the best comparative balance of environmental impacts. A multi-criteria decision analysis was performed to generate an output rank, confirming that mechanized scenarios presented the best sustainability performances. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Ippei Mori - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorder and association with productivity loss a preliminary study among labour intensive Manual Harvesting activities in oil palm plantation
    Industrial Health, 2014
    Co-Authors: Shamsul Bahri Mohd Tamrin, Wai Mun Yik, Irwan Syah Mohd Yusoff, Ippei Mori
    Abstract:

    Production agriculture such as Harvesting in oil palm plantation has been frequently associated with MSD and significant loss of productivities. This study tends to evaluate from the viewpoint of health, the association between self-reported prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and productivities; the impact of musculoskeletal disorders on productivity. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 143 harvesters in oil palm plantation. A general questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic background data while Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to determine the prevalence of MSD. Expressed in 4 different indicators; daily Harvesting quantity, efficiency score, sick leave and presenteeism, the productivity data were analysed for association. There is significant association between reported acute prevalence of MSD (within 7 d) and productivity loss in terms of presenteeism (χ(2)=5.088; p<0.05) as well as quantity of daily harvest (χ(2)=7.406; p<0.01). Logistic regression adjusted for age, BMI and smoking indicate that harvesters with MSD (past seven days) were more likely to be engaged in presenteeism (OR=2.87 95% CI=1.34, 6.14) and had lower daily productivity (OR=2.09 95% CI=1.02, 4.29) compared to harvesters without MSD (past 7 d). This study reveals that oil palm harvesters suffering acute MSD (for the past week) were likely to be still present to work and produce half lesser than their healthy counterparts. Thus, further study with comprehensive surveillance strategy is essential in order to determine the urgency or need of appropriate intervention.

Luiz Augusto Horta Nogueira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • economic environmental and social impacts of different sugarcane production systems
    Biofuels Bioproducts and Biorefining, 2018
    Co-Authors: Terezinha F Cardoso, Marcos D B Watanabe, Alexandre Souza, Mateus F Chagas, Otavio Cavalett, Edvaldo Rodrigo De Morais, Luiz Augusto Horta Nogueira, Regis M L V Leal, Oscar A Braunbeck, Luis Augusto Barbosa Cortez
    Abstract:

    Mechanization in the sugarcane agriculture has increased over the last few years, especially in Harvesting and planting operations, in the Brazilian Center-South region. The consequences of such a technological shift, however, are not fully comprehended when multiple perspectives are considered such as economic aspects, environmental regulations, and social context. The main goal of this study is to generate comprehensive information to subsidize decision-making processes not only in Brazil but also in other countries where sugarcane production is still under development. Manual and mechanical technologies for planting and Harvesting were evaluated (with and without pre-harvest burning), as well as straw recovery, seeking to identify their advantages and disadvantages, considering economic, environmental, and social aspects. Considering vertically integrated production systems (agricultural and industrial phases), sugarcane production scenarios were compared under the metrics from engineering economics, life cycle assessment (LCA), and social LCA. Manual technologies were related to the highest job creation levels; however, lower internal rates of return and higher ethanol production costs were also observed. In general, mechanized scenarios were associated with lower ethanol production costs and higher internal rates of return due to lower biomass production cost, higher ethanol yield, and higher electricity surplus. Considering the restrictions for sugarcane burning and practical difficulties of Manual Harvesting of green cane, environmental analysis showed that mechanical Harvesting of green cane with straw recovery presents, in general, the best comparative balance of environmental impacts. A multi-criteria decision analysis was performed to generate an output rank, confirming that mechanized scenarios presented the best sustainability performances. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

  • impact of mechanization and previous burning reduction on ghg emissions of sugarcane Harvesting operations in brazil
    Applied Energy, 2013
    Co-Authors: Rafael Silva Capaz, Vanessa Silveira Barreto Carvalho, Luiz Augusto Horta Nogueira
    Abstract:

    Abstract Ethanol production from sugarcane under Brazilian conditions has resulted in positive economic, energetic and environmental indicators, primarily due to a high agro-industrial yield, recycling of by-products and bagasse utilization for power generation. Following the trends of improvement in the overall processes and increasing environmental constraints, the extensive use of labor and previous burning in sugarcane Harvesting has been progressively replaced by mechanical Harvesting without the need for burning. Currently, this operation is performed in three ways: Manual Harvesting with previous burning, mechanical Harvesting with previous burning, and mechanical Harvesting of green sugarcane. Generally, the main reason for use of previous burning in sugarcane fields is the elimination of straw to facilitate Manual cutting. However, studies indicate emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and, mainly, other pollutants. associated with this practice. In Brazil, specific environmental laws and protocols have established a progressive reduction in previous burning aimed at total elimination in the next decade. In addition, an increase in the use of mechanical Harvesting due to high productivity compared with Manual cutting has been observed. In this context, this study has estimated the specific GHG emissions (tonCO2eq/ha) in sugarcane Harvesting as a function of the simultaneous reduction of previous burning and increase in the use of mechanization. The estimates were applied to the sugarcane Harvesting area of the Sao Paulo State, which is responsible for approximately half of Brazilian production. Considering the period between 1990 and 2009, the GHG emissions from sugarcane fields were estimated considering the shares of areas with mechanical Harvesting and previous burning use, agricultural yield, diesel consumption by machinery, and straw/stalk ratio. The estimation was carried out using two approaches: an estimation that considered only the share of areas with Harvesting practices, and a complete estimation, in which all parameters were accounted for over the years. In a Business as Usual scenario (BAU), the specific GHG emissions progressed from 1.015 to 0.633 tonCO2eq/ha using the first approach, and from 1.053 to 0.639 tonCO2eq/ha with the second. The reduction represented a change of 37.6% and 39.3% in the last 20 years, respectively. The progressive decrease in previous burning was determining factor for this observation, responsible for an average of 80% of total emissions from Harvesting operations. Two additional Reference Scenarios were considered: the sugarcane was Manually harvested in the first scenario and mechanically harvested in the second. When compared with the BAU scenario, the average reduction of GHG emissions was 17.4% and 26.7%, respectively.

Otavio Cavalett - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • life cycle assessment addressing health effects of particulate matter of mechanical versus Manual sugarcane Harvesting in brazil
    International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 2018
    Co-Authors: Luiz Kulay, Otavio Cavalett, Luis C Dias, Fausto Freire
    Abstract:

    Concerns about environmental impacts and health effects associated with particulate matter emissions of sugarcane production in Brazil have been raised, mainly due to pre-harvest burning of straw in Manual Harvesting. In consequence, mechanical Harvesting without burning has been increasingly adopted. Life cycle studies have assessed environmental impacts of sugarcane and sugarcane products. However, incorporating health effects of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) in a life cycle assessment focusing on evaluating the impacts of increasing use of mechanization has not been conducted. This article compares the life cycle environmental and health impacts (with spatially differentiated characterization factors for PM2.5) of Manual and mechanical Harvesting of sugarcane in Brazil, and quantifies the health benefits due to the change of Harvesting operations. An attributional life cycle assessment (LCA) of Manual versus mechanical sugarcane Harvesting was conducted to evaluate the impacts of 1 t of sugarcane at the distillery. ReCiPe was applied to characterize impacts at mid-point (i.e., climate change, fossil depletion, ozone depletion, terrestrial acidification, freshwater eutrophication, human toxicity, photochemical oxidant formation, and particulate matter formation) and end point (i.e., human health, ecosystems, and resources). Impacts on climate change were compared considering different soil carbon sequestration scenarios. Characterization factors (CFs) of health effects of PM2.5 for Brazil were calculated differentiating emission sources, population densities, and burdens of disease. At the mid-point, sugarcane production with Manual Harvesting has higher impacts on photochemical oxidant formation and particulate matter formation mainly due to pre-harvest burning. Mechanical Harvesting system may lead to higher impacts on fossil depletion, ozone depletion, and terrestrial acidification resulting from higher use of fertilizers and diesel. Differences of impacts on climate change between two systems vary depending on the soil carbon sequestration scenario. At the end-point level, Manual Harvesting has higher impacts on human health but lower impacts on resource use. The health effects of PM2.5 vary considerably with population density. Changing from Manual to mechanical Harvesting close to urban areas leads to a 93% reduction of health effects, while for rural only 15% and for remote areas 5%. When considering average population density, the health effects of PM2.5 of Manual Harvesting were approximately six times higher than mechanical Harvesting. Health effects of PM2.5 calculated with ReCiPe are much lower and may underestimate the effects of primary PM2.5 emissions. The results of this article are an incentive to accelerate the mechanization of sugarcane Harvesting in areas with lower mechanization levels (i.e., north-northeast region in Brazil and some rough terrain areas) concerning public health benefits. Meanwhile, Manual Harvesting with straw burning should only be performed in fields located in rural or remote areas. These results can also contribute to further studies comparing potential benefits of sugarcane culture with alternative crops and guide better decision making at regional development level. Spatially differentiated CFs of PM2.5 calculated in this article may be applied to future studies regarding health effects in the Brazilian context.

  • economic environmental and social impacts of different sugarcane production systems
    Biofuels Bioproducts and Biorefining, 2018
    Co-Authors: Terezinha F Cardoso, Marcos D B Watanabe, Alexandre Souza, Mateus F Chagas, Otavio Cavalett, Edvaldo Rodrigo De Morais, Luiz Augusto Horta Nogueira, Regis M L V Leal, Oscar A Braunbeck, Luis Augusto Barbosa Cortez
    Abstract:

    Mechanization in the sugarcane agriculture has increased over the last few years, especially in Harvesting and planting operations, in the Brazilian Center-South region. The consequences of such a technological shift, however, are not fully comprehended when multiple perspectives are considered such as economic aspects, environmental regulations, and social context. The main goal of this study is to generate comprehensive information to subsidize decision-making processes not only in Brazil but also in other countries where sugarcane production is still under development. Manual and mechanical technologies for planting and Harvesting were evaluated (with and without pre-harvest burning), as well as straw recovery, seeking to identify their advantages and disadvantages, considering economic, environmental, and social aspects. Considering vertically integrated production systems (agricultural and industrial phases), sugarcane production scenarios were compared under the metrics from engineering economics, life cycle assessment (LCA), and social LCA. Manual technologies were related to the highest job creation levels; however, lower internal rates of return and higher ethanol production costs were also observed. In general, mechanized scenarios were associated with lower ethanol production costs and higher internal rates of return due to lower biomass production cost, higher ethanol yield, and higher electricity surplus. Considering the restrictions for sugarcane burning and practical difficulties of Manual Harvesting of green cane, environmental analysis showed that mechanical Harvesting of green cane with straw recovery presents, in general, the best comparative balance of environmental impacts. A multi-criteria decision analysis was performed to generate an output rank, confirming that mechanized scenarios presented the best sustainability performances. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Terezinha F Cardoso - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • economic environmental and social impacts of different sugarcane production systems
    Biofuels Bioproducts and Biorefining, 2018
    Co-Authors: Terezinha F Cardoso, Marcos D B Watanabe, Alexandre Souza, Mateus F Chagas, Otavio Cavalett, Edvaldo Rodrigo De Morais, Luiz Augusto Horta Nogueira, Regis M L V Leal, Oscar A Braunbeck, Luis Augusto Barbosa Cortez
    Abstract:

    Mechanization in the sugarcane agriculture has increased over the last few years, especially in Harvesting and planting operations, in the Brazilian Center-South region. The consequences of such a technological shift, however, are not fully comprehended when multiple perspectives are considered such as economic aspects, environmental regulations, and social context. The main goal of this study is to generate comprehensive information to subsidize decision-making processes not only in Brazil but also in other countries where sugarcane production is still under development. Manual and mechanical technologies for planting and Harvesting were evaluated (with and without pre-harvest burning), as well as straw recovery, seeking to identify their advantages and disadvantages, considering economic, environmental, and social aspects. Considering vertically integrated production systems (agricultural and industrial phases), sugarcane production scenarios were compared under the metrics from engineering economics, life cycle assessment (LCA), and social LCA. Manual technologies were related to the highest job creation levels; however, lower internal rates of return and higher ethanol production costs were also observed. In general, mechanized scenarios were associated with lower ethanol production costs and higher internal rates of return due to lower biomass production cost, higher ethanol yield, and higher electricity surplus. Considering the restrictions for sugarcane burning and practical difficulties of Manual Harvesting of green cane, environmental analysis showed that mechanical Harvesting of green cane with straw recovery presents, in general, the best comparative balance of environmental impacts. A multi-criteria decision analysis was performed to generate an output rank, confirming that mechanized scenarios presented the best sustainability performances. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd