The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Candice M Monson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Does “No” Really Mean “No” After You Say “Yes”? Attributions About Date and Marital Rape
    Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 2020
    Co-Authors: Candice M Monson, Jennifer Langhinrichsen-rohling, Tisha Binderup
    Abstract:

    The current study examined how participant (i.e., gender) and situational (i.e., couple-specific sexual intercourse history) factors influence attributions about stranger, early dating, late dating, and Marital Rape. Two hundred undergraduates were randomly assigned to read one of four levels of victim-perpetrator relationship vignettes. In addition, within the two dating relationship conditions, the couple's sexual intercourse history was manipulated. As the degree of acquaintance between the perpetrator and victim increased, the participants incorporated more Rape-supportive and sex role stereotypical attributions. Participants also made more negative attributions about the date Rapes when the couple was thought to have previously engaged in consensual sexual intercourse. There were no differences in attributions across the date and Marital Rape conditions when the participants were informed that the dating couples had previously engaged in sexual intercourse, and several gender differences were obtaine...

  • does no really mean no after you say yes attributions about date and Marital Rape
    Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 2000
    Co-Authors: Candice M Monson, Jennifer Langhinrichsenrohling, Tisha Binderup
    Abstract:

    The current study examined how participant (i.e., gender) and situational (i.e., couple-specific sexual intercourse history) factors influence attributions about stranger, early dating, late dating, and Marital Rape. Two hundred undergraduates were randomly assigned to read one of four levels of victim-perpetrator relationship vignettes. In addition, within the two dating relationship conditions, the couple's sexual intercourse history was manipulated. As the degree of acquaintance between the perpetrator and victim increased, the participants incorporated more Rape-supportive and sex role stereotypical attributions. Participants also made more negative attributions about the date Rapes when the couple was thought to have previously engaged in consensual sexual intercourse. There were no differences in attributions across the date and Marital Rape conditions when the participants were informed that the dating couples had previously engaged in sexual intercourse, and several gender differences were obtaine...

  • Marital Rape is the crime taken seriously without co occurring physical abuse
    Journal of Family Violence, 1998
    Co-Authors: Jennifer Langhinrichsenrohling, Candice M Monson
    Abstract:

    This vignette study was conducted to determine how observers' beliefs about Marital Rape are altered by the knowledge of a prior history of husband-to- wife physical violence. Participants (n = 50 college students) read three different Marital Rape situations; in one situation the husband had been physically violent in the past; in another he had not. In the third situation, participants were not given any information about the physical abuse history between the spouses. As expected, participants blamed the victim most for the Marital Rape and minimized the seriousness of the Rape when they had been told that there was not a prior history of husband-to-wife physical abuse. These findings suggest that observers use a physical violence history to establish the coercion needed to determine that Marital Rape had occurred. The legal implications of these findings are discussed.

  • Marital Rape : Is the crime taken seriously without co-occurring physical abuse ?
    Journal of Family Violence, 1998
    Co-Authors: Jennifer Langhinrichsen-rohling, Candice M Monson
    Abstract:

    This vignette study was conducted to determine how observers' beliefs about Marital Rape are altered by the knowledge of a prior history of husband-to- wife physical violence. Participants (n = 50 college students) read three different Marital Rape situations; in one situation the husband had been physically violent in the past; in another he had not. In the third situation, participants were not given any information about the physical abuse history between the spouses. As expected, participants blamed the victim most for the Marital Rape and minimized the seriousness of the Rape when they had been told that there was not a prior history of husband-to-wife physical abuse. These findings suggest that observers use a physical violence history to establish the coercion needed to determine that Marital Rape had occurred. The legal implications of these findings are discussed.

  • to have and to hold perceptions of Marital Rape
    Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 1996
    Co-Authors: Candice M Monson, Gary R Byrd, Jennifer Langhinrichsenrohling
    Abstract:

    The perceptions surrounding Marital versus stranger Rape were investigated in a sample of 195 undergraduates. Subjects rated their reactions to one of two hypothetical Rape scenarios that were exactly the same in form and content except for the identification of the man as the woman's husband (Marital condition) or as a stranger (stranger condition). Factor analysis of the questions used to assess perceptions revealed one strong factor that was labeled Rape-supportive beliefs. Consistent with previous research on date Rape, individuals were significantly more likely to minimize the seriousness of Rape perpetrated by a husband than Rape perpetrated by a stranger. In general, the female subjects considered Rape a more serious event than the male subjects. However, an unexpected gender-by-relationship interaction was found on two of the Rape-supportive questions. Some evidence suggested that sex role expectations influence the perceptions of Marital Rape. The results are discussed within a sex role socializa...

Lisa Featherstone - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Marital Rape and the Marital Rapist: The 1976 South Australian Rape Law Reforms
    Feminist Legal Studies, 2019
    Co-Authors: Lisa Featherstone, Alexander George Winn
    Abstract:

    This article charts a genealogy of Marital Rape law reform in South Australia in the 1970s, arguing that the new laws were based on constructing the Marital rapist as a certain kind of man. South Australia is a significant case study, as it was one of the first Western jurisdictions to attempt to criminalise Marital Rape. Despite South Australia’s generally progressive politics, the legislation was highly contested, and resulted, in the end, only in a partial criminalization. To overcome the strident opposition to Rape law reform, we show that supporters explicitly developed a discourse focusing on concepts of sexual normativity and deviance. The Marital rapist, it was argued, had deviated from patriarchal standards of masculine decency: this, not the Rape itself, was crucial to determining whether his conduct was unlawful.

  • that s what being a woman is for opposition to Marital Rape law reform in late twentieth century australia
    Gender & History, 2017
    Co-Authors: Lisa Featherstone
    Abstract:

    From 1976 until 1994, Australian states and territories introduced a raft of reforms to sexual assault laws. Most of these were welcomed, and were seen to reflect women's changing status within a modernising society. One reform, however, was especially contentious. The British law had proclaimed that a woman could not be Raped within marriage: the Marital bond included a husband's right to sexual access to his wife. Following South Australia's lead, all Australian jurisdictions introduced changes to this law, making it a crime to Rape a woman within marriage, either before or after separation. It was a fundamental challenge to the way familial authority was conceptualised, established and policed. In a period where feminism had infiltrated many layers of political and social life, we might expect that this change to the law would have been greeted with relief and even celebration. The response to changes to Marital Rape laws was, however, both muted and ambivalent. Even feminist groups did not offer unequivocal support, and in general public opinion was at best reserved. Further, many conservative groups understood the new laws as an assault on the sanctity of the family itself. Drawing on a wide range of sources in the mainstream and alternative media, as well as parliamentary debates, government enquiries, academic studies and legal reports, this paper will explore the multifarious responses to legislative change. It uncovers the complex ways sexual violence and female bodily autonomy were understood within and beyond the borders and boundaries of the home and family.

  • ‘That's What Being A Woman Is For’: Opposition To Marital Rape Law Reform In Late Twentieth‐Century Australia
    Gender & History, 2017
    Co-Authors: Lisa Featherstone
    Abstract:

    From 1976 until 1994, Australian states and territories introduced a raft of reforms to sexual assault laws. Most of these were welcomed, and were seen to reflect women's changing status within a modernising society. One reform, however, was especially contentious. The British law had proclaimed that a woman could not be Raped within marriage: the Marital bond included a husband's right to sexual access to his wife. Following South Australia's lead, all Australian jurisdictions introduced changes to this law, making it a crime to Rape a woman within marriage, either before or after separation. It was a fundamental challenge to the way familial authority was conceptualised, established and policed. In a period where feminism had infiltrated many layers of political and social life, we might expect that this change to the law would have been greeted with relief and even celebration. The response to changes to Marital Rape laws was, however, both muted and ambivalent. Even feminist groups did not offer unequivocal support, and in general public opinion was at best reserved. Further, many conservative groups understood the new laws as an assault on the sanctity of the family itself. Drawing on a wide range of sources in the mainstream and alternative media, as well as parliamentary debates, government enquiries, academic studies and legal reports, this paper will explore the multifarious responses to legislative change. It uncovers the complex ways sexual violence and female bodily autonomy were understood within and beyond the borders and boundaries of the home and family.

Vasanthi Venkatesh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • normative and international human rights law imperatives for criminalizing intimate partner sexual violence the Marital Rape impunity in comparative and historical perspective
    2018
    Co-Authors: Vasanthi Venkatesh, Melanie Randall
    Abstract:

    In this third chapter of the book, The Right to Say No, Marital Rape and Law Reform in Canada, Ghana, Kenya and Malawi, (Hart, 2017) we provide a big-picture perspective on the long and bumpy road taken by many of the world’s countries in moving towards legal recognition that sexual assault can occur in a Marital relationship and in the provision of a criminal law remedy for this form of gendered violence. We begin the chapter by articulating our arguments about why engaging the power of criminal remedies is necessary to the struggle to end sexual violence against women in marriage, particularly with reference to criminal law’s importance in expressing fundamental social norms. Section II moves to a critical review of the historical origins and ideological justifications underpinning the Marital Rape exemption in diverse societies. We show how similar themes occur across very different social regimes. This is followed in section III by a global, comparative analysis of the Marital Rape exemption and the criminalisation of Marital Rape in various countries of the world. We provide an overview of the historical and uneven progress towards providing criminal legal remedies for women sexually assaulted by their husbands or intimate partners in different legal systems around the world. In this section we also analyse and critique the two most comprehensive and recent databases of Marital Rape legislation around the world, provided by the World Bank and the United Nations, respectively. Section IV provides an overview of the major human rights instruments and sources of legal authority that require states to criminalise sexual assault in marriage, including the instruments aimed at securing women’s equal rights and ending gendered violence. Our central argument is that international human rights law and the due-diligence standard provide powerful normative bases on which women’s movements and other social justice supporters can organise to end impunity for sexual violence in intimate relationships.

  • the right to no state obligations to criminalize Marital Rape and international human rights law
    2015
    Co-Authors: Melanie Randall, Vasanthi Venkatesh
    Abstract:

    A recent report identifies that more than half of the world’s countries exempt Marital Rape from criminal sanctions. The human rights violations inherent in acts of violence against women have now been well recognized. Yet somehow this particular form of gendered violence has escaped both criminal law sanctions and human rights approbation in a great number of the world’s nations.This silence in the law creates legal impunity for men who sexually assault or Rape the women who are their wives or intimate partners, thereby legitimizing this particular form of violence against women. This is a human rights problem that cries out for redress, both legally and socially.An examination of international law and human rights norms demonstrates that state failures to criminalize sexual assault in marriage breach the due diligence standard and fail to comply with international human rights norms. The fact that there remain significant gaps in laws around the world ensuring legal impunity for men who sexually violate their intimate partners, indicates the scale of the human rights law work still to be done in this area.

Janel M Leone - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • late adolescents perspectives on Marital Rape the impact of gender and fraternity sorority membership
    Adolescence, 2001
    Co-Authors: Carol J Auster, Janel M Leone
    Abstract:

    Although recent studies of Marital Rape have examined both victims' and perpetrators' social and psychological characteristics, little attention has been directed to the attitudes of others toward Marital Rape. Using a systematic sample of college students, this study examined attitudes toward Marital Rape--in particular, the impact of gender and fraternity/sorority membership on respondents' (1) views regarding Marital Rape compared to Rape by a stranger; (2) feelings about possible actions a woman who is a victim of Marital Rape can take; and (3) attitudes toward legislation pertaining to Marital Rape. It was found that college women were significantly more likely than college men to say they strongly agree that Marital Rape and stranger Rape should be treated as similar crimes. In addition, nonfraternity men were significantly more likely than fraternity men to indicate that they strongly approve of Marital Rape legislation and that husbands who perpetrate Marital Rape should be prosecuted. Sorority membership had little impact on women's responses. Language: en

  • Late adolescents' perspectives on Marital Rape: the impact of gender and fraternity/sorority membership
    Adolescence, 2001
    Co-Authors: Carol J Auster, Janel M Leone
    Abstract:

    Although recent studies of Marital Rape have examined both victims' and perpetrators' social and psychological characteristics, little attention has been directed to the attitudes of others toward Marital Rape. Using a systematic sample of college students, this study examined attitudes toward Marital Rape--in particular, the impact of gender and fraternity/sorority membership on respondents' (1) views regarding Marital Rape compared to Rape by a stranger; (2) feelings about possible actions a woman who is a victim of Marital Rape can take; and (3) attitudes toward legislation pertaining to Marital Rape. It was found that college women were significantly more likely than college men to say they strongly agree that Marital Rape and stranger Rape should be treated as similar crimes. In addition, nonfraternity men were significantly more likely than fraternity men to indicate that they strongly approve of Marital Rape legislation and that husbands who perpetrate Marital Rape should be prosecuted. Sorority membership had little impact on women's responses. Language: en

Carol J Auster - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • late adolescents perspectives on Marital Rape the impact of gender and fraternity sorority membership
    Adolescence, 2001
    Co-Authors: Carol J Auster, Janel M Leone
    Abstract:

    Although recent studies of Marital Rape have examined both victims' and perpetrators' social and psychological characteristics, little attention has been directed to the attitudes of others toward Marital Rape. Using a systematic sample of college students, this study examined attitudes toward Marital Rape--in particular, the impact of gender and fraternity/sorority membership on respondents' (1) views regarding Marital Rape compared to Rape by a stranger; (2) feelings about possible actions a woman who is a victim of Marital Rape can take; and (3) attitudes toward legislation pertaining to Marital Rape. It was found that college women were significantly more likely than college men to say they strongly agree that Marital Rape and stranger Rape should be treated as similar crimes. In addition, nonfraternity men were significantly more likely than fraternity men to indicate that they strongly approve of Marital Rape legislation and that husbands who perpetrate Marital Rape should be prosecuted. Sorority membership had little impact on women's responses. Language: en

  • Late adolescents' perspectives on Marital Rape: the impact of gender and fraternity/sorority membership
    Adolescence, 2001
    Co-Authors: Carol J Auster, Janel M Leone
    Abstract:

    Although recent studies of Marital Rape have examined both victims' and perpetrators' social and psychological characteristics, little attention has been directed to the attitudes of others toward Marital Rape. Using a systematic sample of college students, this study examined attitudes toward Marital Rape--in particular, the impact of gender and fraternity/sorority membership on respondents' (1) views regarding Marital Rape compared to Rape by a stranger; (2) feelings about possible actions a woman who is a victim of Marital Rape can take; and (3) attitudes toward legislation pertaining to Marital Rape. It was found that college women were significantly more likely than college men to say they strongly agree that Marital Rape and stranger Rape should be treated as similar crimes. In addition, nonfraternity men were significantly more likely than fraternity men to indicate that they strongly approve of Marital Rape legislation and that husbands who perpetrate Marital Rape should be prosecuted. Sorority membership had little impact on women's responses. Language: en