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Ian Rees Jones - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The long shadow of work—does time since labour Market Exit affect the association between socioeconomic position and health in a post-working population
Journal of epidemiology and community health, 2007Co-Authors: Martin Hyde, Ian Rees JonesAbstract:Objective: To test the effect of time since labour Market Exit (LME) on associations between socioeconomic position (SEP) and self-rated health. Methods: Retirees from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) were divided into three groups on the basis of the length of time since LME. Seven different indicators of SEP were identified: socioeconomic class, income, wealth, education, tenure, area deprivation and subjective social status. Unadjusted and mutually adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed with poor self-rated health as the outcome. The sample consisted of 2617 men (mean (SD) age 71.69 (7.04) years) and 2619 women (71.29 (8.26) years). Results: In the unadjusted analyses, patterns of association between SEP measures and health were similar for men and women. Most SEP measures were associated with poor health, although the effects were attenuated by time since LME. In the mutually adjusted analyses, wealth was found to have a strong independent effect on health among men, especially in those groups that left the labour Market ⩽20 years ago,while for women subjective social status seemed to have the most important effect on health after LME. Conclusions: Time since LME is an important factor to consider when studying health inequalities in a post-working population. The effect of time since LME varies according to gender and the measures of SEP used. Further work in this area should take account of age, period and cohort effects using multiple measures of SEP and more refined measures of LME.
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the long shadow of work does time since labour Market Exit affect the association between socioeconomic position and health in a post working population
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 2007Co-Authors: Martin Hyde, Ian Rees JonesAbstract:Objective: To test the effect of time since labour Market Exit (LME) on associations between socioeconomic position (SEP) and self-rated health. Methods: Retirees from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) were divided into three groups on the basis of the length of time since LME. Seven different indicators of SEP were identified: socioeconomic class, income, wealth, education, tenure, area deprivation and subjective social status. Unadjusted and mutually adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed with poor self-rated health as the outcome. The sample consisted of 2617 men (mean (SD) age 71.69 (7.04) years) and 2619 women (71.29 (8.26) years). Results: In the unadjusted analyses, patterns of association between SEP measures and health were similar for men and women. Most SEP measures were associated with poor health, although the effects were attenuated by time since LME. In the mutually adjusted analyses, wealth was found to have a strong independent effect on health among men, especially in those groups that left the labour Market ⩽20 years ago,while for women subjective social status seemed to have the most important effect on health after LME. Conclusions: Time since LME is an important factor to consider when studying health inequalities in a post-working population. The effect of time since LME varies according to gender and the measures of SEP used. Further work in this area should take account of age, period and cohort effects using multiple measures of SEP and more refined measures of LME.
Martin Hyde - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The long shadow of work—does time since labour Market Exit affect the association between socioeconomic position and health in a post-working population
Journal of epidemiology and community health, 2007Co-Authors: Martin Hyde, Ian Rees JonesAbstract:Objective: To test the effect of time since labour Market Exit (LME) on associations between socioeconomic position (SEP) and self-rated health. Methods: Retirees from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) were divided into three groups on the basis of the length of time since LME. Seven different indicators of SEP were identified: socioeconomic class, income, wealth, education, tenure, area deprivation and subjective social status. Unadjusted and mutually adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed with poor self-rated health as the outcome. The sample consisted of 2617 men (mean (SD) age 71.69 (7.04) years) and 2619 women (71.29 (8.26) years). Results: In the unadjusted analyses, patterns of association between SEP measures and health were similar for men and women. Most SEP measures were associated with poor health, although the effects were attenuated by time since LME. In the mutually adjusted analyses, wealth was found to have a strong independent effect on health among men, especially in those groups that left the labour Market ⩽20 years ago,while for women subjective social status seemed to have the most important effect on health after LME. Conclusions: Time since LME is an important factor to consider when studying health inequalities in a post-working population. The effect of time since LME varies according to gender and the measures of SEP used. Further work in this area should take account of age, period and cohort effects using multiple measures of SEP and more refined measures of LME.
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the long shadow of work does time since labour Market Exit affect the association between socioeconomic position and health in a post working population
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 2007Co-Authors: Martin Hyde, Ian Rees JonesAbstract:Objective: To test the effect of time since labour Market Exit (LME) on associations between socioeconomic position (SEP) and self-rated health. Methods: Retirees from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) were divided into three groups on the basis of the length of time since LME. Seven different indicators of SEP were identified: socioeconomic class, income, wealth, education, tenure, area deprivation and subjective social status. Unadjusted and mutually adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed with poor self-rated health as the outcome. The sample consisted of 2617 men (mean (SD) age 71.69 (7.04) years) and 2619 women (71.29 (8.26) years). Results: In the unadjusted analyses, patterns of association between SEP measures and health were similar for men and women. Most SEP measures were associated with poor health, although the effects were attenuated by time since LME. In the mutually adjusted analyses, wealth was found to have a strong independent effect on health among men, especially in those groups that left the labour Market ⩽20 years ago,while for women subjective social status seemed to have the most important effect on health after LME. Conclusions: Time since LME is an important factor to consider when studying health inequalities in a post-working population. The effect of time since LME varies according to gender and the measures of SEP used. Further work in this area should take account of age, period and cohort effects using multiple measures of SEP and more refined measures of LME.
Timothy A. Park - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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organic farming in scandinavia productivity and Market Exit
Ecological Economics, 2009Co-Authors: Johannes Sauer, Timothy A. ParkAbstract:Abstract This paper attempts to quantitatively measure the change in the productivity of Danish organic farming in recent years. Based on a translog production frontier framework the technical and scale efficiency at farm level is analysed by following a time trends as well as a general index model specification. Further this study tries to analyse the significance of subsidies for promoting long term growth in organic production by estimating a bootstrapped bivariate probit model with respect to factors influencing the probability of organic Market Exit. The results revealed significant differences in the organic farms' technical efficiencies, no significant total factor productivity growth and even a slightly negative rate of technical change in the period investigated. Evidence has been found for a positive relationship between subsidy payments and an increase in farm efficiency, technology improvements and a decreasing probability of organic Market Exit which was also confirmed for off farm income.
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Organic farming in Scandinavia — Productivity and Market Exit
Ecological Economics, 2009Co-Authors: Johannes Sauer, Timothy A. ParkAbstract:Abstract This paper attempts to quantitatively measure the change in the productivity of Danish organic farming in recent years. Based on a translog production frontier framework the technical and scale efficiency at farm level is analysed by following a time trends as well as a general index model specification. Further this study tries to analyse the significance of subsidies for promoting long term growth in organic production by estimating a bootstrapped bivariate probit model with respect to factors influencing the probability of organic Market Exit. The results revealed significant differences in the organic farms' technical efficiencies, no significant total factor productivity growth and even a slightly negative rate of technical change in the period investigated. Evidence has been found for a positive relationship between subsidy payments and an increase in farm efficiency, technology improvements and a decreasing probability of organic Market Exit which was also confirmed for off farm income.
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Organic Farming in Denmark – Productivity, Technical Change and Market Exit
2008Co-Authors: Johannes Sauer, Timothy A. Park, Jesper T. GraversenAbstract:This paper attempts to quantitatively measure the change in the productivity of Danish organic farming in recent years. Based on a translog production frontier framework the technical and scale efficiency on farm level is analysed by following a time trends as well as a general index model specification. We further try to analyse the significance of subsidies for promoting long term growth in organic production by estimating a bootstrapped bivariate probit model with respect to factors influencing the probability of organic Market Exit. The results revealed significant differencies in the organic farms' technical efficiencies, no significant total factor productivity growth and even a slightly negative rate of technical change in the period investigated. We found evidence for a positive relationship between subsidy payments and an increase in farm efficiency, technology improvements and a decreasing probability of organic Market Exit which was also confirmed for off farm income. (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)
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ORGANIC FARMING IN DENMARK-PRODUCTIVITY, TECHNICAL CHANGE AND Market Exit
2007Co-Authors: Johannes Sauer, Timothy A. Park, Jesper T. GraversenAbstract:This paper attempts to quantitatively measure the change in the productivity of Danish organic farming in recent years. Based on a translog production frontier framework the technical and scale efficiency on farm level is analysed by following a time trends as well as a general index model specification. We further try to analyse the significance of subsidies for promoting long term growth in organic production by estimating a bootstrapped bivariate probit model with respect to factors influencing the probability of organic Market Exit. The results revealed significant differencies in the organic farms' technical efficiencies, no significant total factor productivity growth and even a slightly negative rate of technical change in the period investigated. We found evidence for a positive relationship between subsidy payments and an increase in farm efficiency, technology improvements and a decreasing probability of organic Market Exit which was also confirmed for off farm income.
Allan Sørensen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Export Market Exit and Firm Survival: Theory and First Evidence
Globalization, 2017Co-Authors: Sanne Hiller, Philipp J. H. Schröder, Allan SørensenAbstract:This paper deploys a dynamic extension of the Melitz (Econometrica 71(6):1695–1725, 2003) model to generate predictions on export Market Exit and firm survival in a setting where firms endogenously make Exit decisions. In contrast, previous work typically assumes simple random death. The central driver of the model dynamics—creating the endogenous Exit decision of firms—is the inclusion of exogenous economy wide technological progress. Thus our framework contains vintage capital properties and accordingly creative destruction of old firms by new firms. The model predicts—inter alia—that a higher relative productivity increases not only the likelihood of exporting, but also the chances of firm survival and continued export Market engagements. We relate the model predictions to the empirical stylized facts of export Market Exit and firm survival based on Danish firm-level data. Overall, our empirical results support the central predictions from the model. First, productivity is a good predictor for survival. Secondly, firms experience a decline in Market share prior to death and export Market Exit. Thirdly, firms that die or quit their exporting activity are small. Fourthly, small firms constitute the largest share of Exits in a given cohort. Fifthly, the productivity distribution of survivors first-order dominates the one of Exiting firms on both domestic and export Markets. Finally, we confirm that a large share of firms which stop exporting continue to exist as pure domestic firms.
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Firm Exit, Technological Progress and Trade
2011Co-Authors: Philipp J. H. Schröder, Allan SørensenAbstract:The dynamics of export Market Exit and firm closure have found limited attention in the new heterogeneous-firms trade literature. In fact, several of the predictions on firm survival and Exit stemming from this new class of models are at odds with the stylized facts. Empirically, higher productivity firms survive longer, most firm closures are young firms, higher productivity exporters are more likely to continue to export compared to less productive exporters and Market Exits as well as firm closures are typically preceded by periods of contracting Market shares. The present paper shows that the simple inclusion of exogenous economy wide technological progress into the standard Melitz (2003) model generates a tractable dynamic framework that generates endogenous Exit decisions of firms in line with the stylized facts. Furthermore, we derive the effects of faster technological progress and trade liberalization on export Market Exit and firm closure.
Marta Tienda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pathways to retirement patterns of labor force participation and labor Market Exit among the pre retirement population by race hispanic origin and sex
Journals of Gerontology Series B-psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 2000Co-Authors: Chenoa A. Flippen, Marta TiendaAbstract:Objectives This study examines the pre-retirement labor force participation behavior of Black, White, and Hispanic men and women to determine how patterns of labor Market Exit differ among groups. Methods We combine data from the first and second waves of the Health and Retirement Study and apply multinomial logit regression techniques to model labor force status in the first wave of the HRS and change over time. Results Black, Hispanic, and female elderly persons experience more involuntary job separation in the years immediately prior to retirement, and the resulting periods of joblessness often eventuate in "retirement" or labor force withdrawal. Minority disadvantage in human capital, health, and employment characteristics accounts for a large part of racial and ethnic differences in labor force withdrawal. Nevertheless, Black men and Hispanic women experience more involuntary labor Market Exits than Whites with similar socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Discussion Workers most vulnerable to labor Market difficulties during their youth confront formidable obstacles maintaining their desired level of labor force attachment as they approach their golden years. This has significant policy implications for the contours of gender and race/ethnic inequality among elderly persons, particularly as life expectancy and the size of the minority elderly population continue to increase.
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Pathways to retirement: patterns of late-age labor force participation and labor Market Exit by race Hispanic origin and sex.
1999Co-Authors: Chenoa A. Flippen, Marta TiendaAbstract:This paper examines the late-aged labor force participation behavior of Black White and Hispanic men and women to determine how patterns of labor Market Exit differ among groups. The study combines data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and applies multinomial logistic regression techniques to model labor force status in the first wave of the HRS and model change over time. Results indicate that Black Hispanic and female elderly experience more involuntary job separation in the years immediately prior to retirement and that the resulting periods of joblessness often eventuate in retirement or labor force withdrawal. Minority disadvantage in human capital health and employment characteristics account for a large part of racial and ethnic differences in labor force withdrawal. Nevertheless Black men and Hispanic women continue to experience more involuntary labor Market Exits than Whites with similar socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Workers vulnerable to labor Market difficulties during their youth face formidable obstacles maintaining their desired level of labor force attachment and this has significant implications for gender and race/ethnic inequality among the elderly particularly as life expectancy continues to increase.
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pathways to retirement patterns of labor force participation and labor Market Exit among the pre retirement population by race hispanic origin and sex
1999Co-Authors: Chenoa A. Flippen, Marta TiendaAbstract:This paper examines the pre-retirement labor force participation behavior of black, white, and Hispanic men and women to determine how patterns of labor Market Exit differ among groups. We combine data from the first and second waves of the Health and Retirement Study and apply multinomial logit regression techniques to model labor force status in the first wave of the HRS and change over time. Black, Hispanic, and female elderly persons experience more involuntary job separation in the years immediately prior to retirement and the resulting periods of joblessness often eventuate in retirement or labor force withdrawal. Minority disadvantage in human capital, health, and employment characteristics account for a large part of racial and ethnic differences in labor force withdrawal. Nevertheless, black men and Hispanic women experience more involuntary labor Market Exits than whites with similar socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Workers most vulnerable to labor Market difficulties during their youth confront formidable obstacles maintaining their desired level of labor force attachment as they approach their golden years. This has significant policy implications for the contours of gender and race/ethnic inequality among elderly persons, particularly as life expectancy and the size of the minority elderly population continue to increase.