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Nuttall Peter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Waqa Tabu--sacred ships: the Fijian drua
    'SAGE Publications', 2020
    Co-Authors: Nuttall Peter, D'arcy Paul, Philip Colin
    Abstract:

    The Fijian drua (also called kalia in Tonga and �alia in Samoa) are arguably the apex of Pacific naval architectural design and performance, built without metals, some over 100� long, carrying complements of more than 200, capable of speeds of around fifteen knots and of sailing within four points of the wind. There is currently no single literature source for drua and the discourse on central Oceania�s sailing heritage has been overshadowed in recent decades by intensive research into eastern Polynesia vessels and voyaging. Amongst the scattered literature there is disagreement between authors as to the historical and pre-historical extent, ability and source of Fijian sailing culture. We collate and assess the known literature for drua, drawing out areas of commonalty and discord to place this within the context of culture, with canoe as focal point. We examine the unique role of the vesi loa (Intsia bijuga) growing on the limestone islands of the southern Lau Group, a boat-building material described as the titanium of the Pacific, as a magnet for Master Craftsman from Samoa, Tonga and Fiji and the resultant cross-cultural exchange that produced a craft that was arguably the finest performance hulled ship of her day. No great drua has been built in over a century. We conclude that the nature of the drua culture described requires a more generous assessment of Fijian voyaging ability and history than currently exists in the literature. Regardless of its design origin, the drua in its finished form was the product of a unique and indigenous cross-cultural collaboration that includes at least the societies of central and northern Oceania

  • Waqa Tabu – Sacred Ships: the Fijian Drua
    'Academy of Traumatology', 2014
    Co-Authors: Nuttall Peter, D’arcy Paul, Philp Colin
    Abstract:

    The Fijian drua (also called kalia in Tonga and ‘alia in Samoa) are arguably the apex of Pacific naval architectural design and performance, built without metals, some over 100’ long, carrying complements of more than 200, capable of speeds of around fifteen knots and of sailing within four points of the wind. There is currently no single literature source for drua and the discourse on central Oceania’s sailing heritage has been overshadowed in recent decades by intensive research into eastern Polynesia vessels and voyaging. Amongst the scattered literature there is disagreement between authors as to the historical and pre-historical extent, ability and source of Fijian sailing culture. We collate and assess the known literature for drua, drawing out areas of commonalty and discord to place this within the context of culture, with canoe as focal point. We examine the unique role of the vesi loa (Intsia bijuga) growing on the limestone islands of the southern Lau Group, a boat-building material described as the titanium of the Pacific, as a magnet for Master Craftsman from Samoa, Tonga and Fiji and the resultant cross-cultural exchange that produced a craft that was arguably the finest performance hulled ship of her day. No great drua has been built in over a century. We conclude that the nature of the drua culture described requires a more generous assessment of Fijian voyaging ability and history than currently exists in the literature. Regardless of its design origin, the drua in its finished form was the product of a unique and indigenous cross-cultural collaboration that includes at least the societies of central and northern Oceania

Nikolina Topić - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Finds of clay Pipes at archaeological Sites Church of Saint Mary of Kaštel and Posat of Ploče in Dubrovnik
    Museum of Croatian Archaeological Monuments, 2012
    Co-Authors: Branka Milošević, Nikolina Topić
    Abstract:

    U radu se obrađuju nalazi novovjekovnih lula pronađeni u istraživanju lokaliteta benediktinskog samostanskog sklopa Sv. Marije od Kaštela i Posata od Ploča u povijesnoj jezgri Dubrovnika. Zastupljeni su istočni tipovi lula: jedanaest primjeraka austrijsko-mađarskog tipa, četiri turskog tipa te jedna lula zelovske produkcije. Autrijskomađarske lule nose natpise nekoliko različitih radionica. Među turskim ulomcima samo se na jednome sačuvao mali ovalni pečat s arapskim monogramom, dok zelovski primjerak nema pečata, no oblik i ukras jasno odaju njegovo porijeklo. Nalazi pripadaju razdoblju od kraja 18. do početka 20. stoljeća. Ukazuju na popularnost upotrebe keramičkih lula u to vrijeme kao i na trgovačke kontakte s tadašnjim poznatim radioničkim središtima.This article discusses finds of pipes that are dated to the modern era and were discovered during excavations at the Benedictine convent St. Mary of Kaštel and at site Posat of Ploče in the historic centre of Dubrovnik. Among them are Austro-Hungarian and Turkish types of pipes as well as one example of the Zelovo type, i.e. only pipes in shape of the Mediterranean or Eastern type. The Austro-Hungarian pipes have stamps of the following workshops: M:HÖNIG / SCHEMNITZ, M.HÖNIGS WW / SCHEMNITZ, KONRADSOHN / SCHEMNITZ, LEOPOLD / GROSS, G.WEIGAND, PHILIPP / KONRAD / on the disc of the stem THERESIENFELD and a workshop stamp that is not clearly legible neither on the stem (Figure 2) nor on the disc of the stem (Figure 3). Although the stamps were not preserved on all fragments of the Austro-Hungarian pipes, we can assign them to this specific type according to their form. Most of the pipes discussed in this work belong to the Schemnitz type. One pipe was made in Theresienfeld in Austria, but there were also discoveries of pipes that probably belong to the central European workshop centres. The described Turkish pipes are represented only by four fragments. Due to the fact that these are only smaller fragment pieces, we cannot experience their true beauty and the richness of their decorations and shapes, features for which oriental pipes are famous and playing a leading role among all other types. A small oval-shaped stamp with an Arabic monogram was preserved only on one fragment. The Zelovo pipe manufacture is represented by only one exemplar, which is decorated with the typical net-like ornament. However, the year of its manufacture and initials of the Master Craftsman are missing. The finds date from the late 18th to the early 20th century and point to the popularity of the use of clay pipes during this time. The presence of these finds is not very surprising as Dubrovnik was one of the largest centres in the Mediterranean and has an abundance of various finds throughout the entire history. Pipes could have arrived in Dubrovnik through trade, by sea or overland, but also through soldiers and seamen which were heavy consumers of tobacco

  • Clay pipes from the archaeological site ‘Kula Gornji ugao’ in Dubrovnik
    Museum of Croatian Archaeological Monuments, 2011
    Co-Authors: Branka Milošević, Nikolina Topić
    Abstract:

    U radu se obrađuju nalazi keramičkih lula pronađeni na lokalitetu Kula Gornji ugao u povijesnoj jezgri Dubrovnika. Radi se o istočnim ili mediteranskim tipovima lula tj. austrijsko-mađarskom, turskom, talijanskom i zelovskom tipu. Zastupljene su raznovrsne radionice austrijsko-mađarskih i turskih lula, dok su talijanska i zelovska produkcija predstavljene jednim primjerom. Sve lule datiraju se od kraja 17. do početka 20. stoljeća, a svjedoče o popularnosti konzumacije duhana pomoću keramičkih lula.The article deals with finds of clay pipes at site “Kula Gornji ugao” in the historical centre of Dubrovnik. All finds belong to the eastern or Mediterranean pipe type, which is represented in this case by finds of pipesof the Austro–Hungarian, Turkish, Italian or Zelovo subtypes. Fragments belonging to the Austro–Hungarian and Turkish workshops are the most numerous ones, whereas the Zelovo and Italian productions are only represented by one fragment. Among the Austro–Hungarian pipes, the most numerous ones are those with the inscription of the then known workshop centre Schemnitz, present–day Banska Štiavnica in Slovakia. On one side of the stem, those pipes have stamps with inscriptions: BETTLHEIM / SCHEMNITZ, M. HONIG WE / SCHEMNITZ, M. HÖNIG WE / SCHEMNITZ, M. HÖNIG SOHN/ SCHEMNITZ and on the other side small stamps that are filled with a portrait, coat of arms, vase with flowers (?) and a dot (?). A larger number of pipes were preserved that have an oval–shaped stamp which contains the workshop name LEOPOLD / GROSS. Next to the name is also a small round stamp with an imprinted illustration of an anchor. Pipes with the workshop name GEORG / WEIGAND are represented by four fragments. Next to the rectangular stamp with the afore–mentioned name is also a small round stamp that is filled with floral motifs. Two fragments carry the inscription WOLF / HALPHEN, next to the rectangular stamp is also a round one in which floral motifs were probably imprinted. Fragments with the inscription PHILIPP / KONRAD, ANTON KILLMAYER (?) and CÖLN / CAFÉ are represented by one exemplar. The first two are made of orange clay whereas the pipe with the inscription CÖLN / CAFÉ is made of white clay and belongs to the so–called Coffeehouse type. Apart from the commonly produced clay pipes–with stamps and characteristic shapes– we also find one pipe with a glaze coat over the clay. All those pipes were made in the area of Central and Southern Europe. It is not known where all workshop centres were located, but we know that Phillip Konrad’s workshop was in Theresienfeld in Austria. The pipes were produced in the moulding technique in shades of orange, red, black and white clay. The stem is regularly shorter than the bowl and has the producer’s stamp on it. All pipes have one connecting hole for the tobacco. Amog these finds there is only one Italian pipe type and is decorated with shallow canellures which have decoration of circles above them. Italian pipes were mostly produced in Chioggia because the area abandone with clay of good quality, but also in Bassano which workshops used to produce foreign brands. Our pipe derives from other workshop center but probably was made in northitalian area. The Turkish pipes are very diversely decorated. Some have smaller round or oval stamps displaying the workshop labels in Arabic letters or floral motifs, while others are painted in red paint while others are painted in red and one is glazed. The fragments discussed in this article are decorated with a wide range of floral and geometric motifs; on the ridge is often a V–line that is imprinted by a serrated wheel or straight lines. There are two exemplars represented that have bowls in shape of a flower calyx. Three fragments particularly stand out, their bowls are flattened and turned into a disc–shaped base. All pipes have a connecting hole for the tobacco. They were made in shades of orange, yellow–grey, ochre, red and one exemplar in white–gray clay. It is not easy to determine the workshop centres in which the Turkish pipe type was produced, but they surely were located in the area of the Ottoman Empire, i.e. in the territory of Europe or Asia Minor. Pipes were produced in the village Zelovo in Sinj in the 18th and 19th century. It is the only workshop centre that has been registered in Croatia so far. The Zelovo production is characterized by a combination of Turkish, Venetian and Austrian influences. They were produced in moulds and had often reticular decorations, the initials of the Master Craftsman in the mould and sometimes the production year as well. In this case, the Zelovo production is represented only by one fragment. There is a very diverse range of pipes that originate from different workshops in Central and Southern Europe and the Asia Minor region as it is revealed to us by their shape, decorative motifs and stamps. The most numerous ones are fragments from Austro– Hungarian pipes, the Turkish ones are slightly less numbered whereas the Zelovo and Italian production are represented by only on fragment. All finds belong to the time from the 17th to 20th century and bear testimony to the popularity of tobacco use by means of ceramic pipes, but also to the trade relations between Dubrovnik and various workshop centres

Dworschak Bernd - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • "Smart house" and the "Internet of Things" in the early identification initiative of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
    2013
    Co-Authors: Dworschak Bernd, Zaiser Helmut, Abicht Lothar, Brand Leif
    Abstract:

    The main objective of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research's initiative for early identification of skill needs is to pinpoint the skills and qualifications required for the new skill requirements emerging from impending changes in the world of work and for which widespread demand may well grow over the next three to five years. For the purposes of the BMBF early identification initiative, employees with intermediate level skills are primarily those people in gainful employment who have completed vocational training in a nationally recognised occupation or school-based vocational training which is regulated at the state (Land) level as well as trained employees who have completed further training to the Master Craftsman or technician level

  • Logistics as a domain of application for the "Internet of Things" in the early identification initiative of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
    2013
    Co-Authors: Dworschak Bernd, Zaiser Helmut, Martinetz Simone, Windelband Lars
    Abstract:

    The main objective of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research's initiative for early identification of skill needs is to pinpoint the skills and qualifications required for the new skill requirements emerging from impending changes in the world of work and for which widespread demand may well grow over the next three to five years. For the purposes of the BMBF early identification initiative, employees with intermediate level skills are primarily those people in gainful employment who have completed vocational training in a nationally recognised occupation or school-based vocational training which is regulated at the state (Land) level as well as trained employees who have completed further training to the Master Craftsman or technician level

Philp Colin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Waqa Tabu – Sacred Ships: the Fijian Drua
    'Academy of Traumatology', 2014
    Co-Authors: Nuttall Peter, D’arcy Paul, Philp Colin
    Abstract:

    The Fijian drua (also called kalia in Tonga and ‘alia in Samoa) are arguably the apex of Pacific naval architectural design and performance, built without metals, some over 100’ long, carrying complements of more than 200, capable of speeds of around fifteen knots and of sailing within four points of the wind. There is currently no single literature source for drua and the discourse on central Oceania’s sailing heritage has been overshadowed in recent decades by intensive research into eastern Polynesia vessels and voyaging. Amongst the scattered literature there is disagreement between authors as to the historical and pre-historical extent, ability and source of Fijian sailing culture. We collate and assess the known literature for drua, drawing out areas of commonalty and discord to place this within the context of culture, with canoe as focal point. We examine the unique role of the vesi loa (Intsia bijuga) growing on the limestone islands of the southern Lau Group, a boat-building material described as the titanium of the Pacific, as a magnet for Master Craftsman from Samoa, Tonga and Fiji and the resultant cross-cultural exchange that produced a craft that was arguably the finest performance hulled ship of her day. No great drua has been built in over a century. We conclude that the nature of the drua culture described requires a more generous assessment of Fijian voyaging ability and history than currently exists in the literature. Regardless of its design origin, the drua in its finished form was the product of a unique and indigenous cross-cultural collaboration that includes at least the societies of central and northern Oceania

Philip Colin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Waqa Tabu--sacred ships: the Fijian drua
    'SAGE Publications', 2020
    Co-Authors: Nuttall Peter, D'arcy Paul, Philip Colin
    Abstract:

    The Fijian drua (also called kalia in Tonga and �alia in Samoa) are arguably the apex of Pacific naval architectural design and performance, built without metals, some over 100� long, carrying complements of more than 200, capable of speeds of around fifteen knots and of sailing within four points of the wind. There is currently no single literature source for drua and the discourse on central Oceania�s sailing heritage has been overshadowed in recent decades by intensive research into eastern Polynesia vessels and voyaging. Amongst the scattered literature there is disagreement between authors as to the historical and pre-historical extent, ability and source of Fijian sailing culture. We collate and assess the known literature for drua, drawing out areas of commonalty and discord to place this within the context of culture, with canoe as focal point. We examine the unique role of the vesi loa (Intsia bijuga) growing on the limestone islands of the southern Lau Group, a boat-building material described as the titanium of the Pacific, as a magnet for Master Craftsman from Samoa, Tonga and Fiji and the resultant cross-cultural exchange that produced a craft that was arguably the finest performance hulled ship of her day. No great drua has been built in over a century. We conclude that the nature of the drua culture described requires a more generous assessment of Fijian voyaging ability and history than currently exists in the literature. Regardless of its design origin, the drua in its finished form was the product of a unique and indigenous cross-cultural collaboration that includes at least the societies of central and northern Oceania