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John E Mayfield - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the importance of Maternal Lineage on milk yield traits of dairy cattle
    Journal of Dairy Science, 1992
    Co-Authors: M M Schutz, A E Freeman, Donald C Beitz, John E Mayfield
    Abstract:

    Maternal Lineage effects on milk yield traits, considered indicative of cytoplasmic inheritance, were evaluated with animal models. Cattle were from a selection experiment begun in 1968. Maternal pedigrees were traced to the first female member in the Holstein-Friesian Herdbook; purchased cows entering the herd, considered foundation females, were assigned to Maternal Lineage groups. All models accounted for year-season of calving, parity, and selection lines. Maternal Lineage effects were included in a repeated records model with cow effects and preadjustment for sire and Maternal grandsire transmitting abilities. Maternal Lineage accounted for 5.2, 4.1, and 10.5% of phenotypic variation of preadjusted records of milk yield, fat yield, and fat percentage, respectively. Maternal Lineage was evaluated as a fixed effect in an animal model including random animal and permanent environmental effects. Maternal Lineage significantly affected fat percentage but not milk yield. Maternal genetic (nuclear) effects and their covariance with additive animal effects did not significantly account for additional variation nor did they influence Maternal Lineage estimates. Maternal Lineage affected calculated net energy of milk but was not important for SNF yield or concentration. Maternal Lineage influenced fat percentage, energy concentration, and, to a lesser extent, fat yield in milk of dairy cattle.

  • the importance of dairy cattle of Maternal Lineage on milk yield traits
    1992
    Co-Authors: M M Schur, A E Freeman, John E Mayfield
    Abstract:

    Maternal Lineage effects on milk yield traits, considered indicative of cytoplasmic inheritance, were evaluated with animal models. Cattle were from a selection experiment begun in 1968. Maternal pedigrees were traced to the first female member in the Holstein-Friesian Herdbook; purchased cows entering the herd, considered foundation females, were assigned to Maternal Lineage groups. All models accounted for year-season of calving, parity, and selection lines. Mated Lineage effects were included in a repeated records model with cow effects and preadjustment for sire and Maternal grandsire transmitting abilities. Maternal Lineage accounted for 5.2, 4.1, and 10.5% of phenotypic variation of preadjusted records of milk yield, fat yield, and fat percentage, respectively. Maternal Lineage was evaluated as a fixed effect in an animal model including random animal and permanent environmental effects. Maternal Lineage significantly affected fat percentage but not milk yield. Maternal genetic (nuclear) effects and their covariance with additive animal effects did not significantly account for additional variation nor did they influence Maternal Lineage estimates. Maternal Lineage affected calculated net energy of milk but was not important for SNF yield or concentration. Maternal Lineage influenced fat per

Taizo Hogetsu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • isolation and characterization of chloroplast microsatellite markers in four mangrove species aegiceras corniculatum avicennia marina acanthus ilicifolius and lumnitzera racemosa
    Conservation Genetics, 2009
    Co-Authors: Qifang Geng, Megumi Kimura, Chunlan Lian, Jianmin Tao, Taizo Hogetsu
    Abstract:

    One, three, seven, and six of polymorphic chloroplast microsatellite (cpSSR) markers were developed from four mangrove species, Acanthus ilicifolius, Aegiceras corniculatum, Avicennia marina, and Lumnitzera racemosa, respectively. Characterization of 229, 509, 369, and 216 individuals of A. ilicifolius, A. corniculatum, A. marina, and L. racemosa, collected from different natural mangrove populations (A. ilicifolius, 6; A. corniculatum, 14; A. marina, 10; L. racemosa, 6) in the southern coastline of China showed that these loci provide cpSSR markers with polymorphisms ranging from two to four alleles per locus and gene diversity between 0.005 and 0.675. Combining the polymorphic cpSSR loci of each species, 3, 5, 11, and 4 of cpSSR haplotypes were separately detected in populations of A. ilicifolius, A. corniculatum, A. marina, and L. racemosa in the southern coastline of China. These cpSSR markers will be useful for analyzing the Maternal Lineage distributions and population genetic structures of these four species.

  • chloroplast microsatellite markers for the mangrove tree species bruguiera gymnorrhiza kandelia candel and rhizophora stylosa and cross amplification in other mangrove species
    Conservation Genetics, 2008
    Co-Authors: Mdsajedul Islam, Qifang Geng, Chunlan Lian, Norikazu Kameyama, Taizo Hogetsu
    Abstract:

    Chloroplast microsatellite (cpSSR) markers were developed for three ecologically and economically important tree species in the mangrove family, Rhizophoraceae: Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Kandelia candel, and Rhizophora stylosa. Noncoding regions of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) from each species were separately amplified using universal chloroplast primers. Six, two, and three polymorphic cpSSR loci in B. gymnorrhiza, K. candel, and R. stylosa, respectively, were developed from amplified noncoding cpDNA regions. Characterization of 216, 156, and 253 individuals of B. gymnorrhiza, K. candel, and R. stylosa, respectively, collected from different natural mangrove populations (B. gymnorrhiza, 9; K. candel, 7; R. stylosa, 9) on Iriomote Island in Japan showed that these loci provide cpSSR markers with polymorphisms ranging from two to four alleles per locus and gene diversity between 0.027 and 0.480. These cpSSR markers will be useful for analyzing the Maternal Lineage distributions and population genetic structures of the three species. Several of these markers may also be useful in similar studies of other mangrove species.

Christine Aurich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE Maternal Lineage of Warmblood Mares Contributes to Variation of Gestation Length and Bias of Foal Sex Ratio
    2016
    Co-Authors: Juliane Kuhl, K F Stock, Manuela Wulf, Christine Aurich
    Abstract:

    Maternal Lineage influences performance traits in horses. This is probably caused by differ-ences in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) transferred to the offspring via the oocyte. In the pres-ent study, we investigated if reproductive traits with high variability—gestation length and fetal sex ratio—are influenced byMaternal Lineage. Data from 142Warmblood mares from the Brandenburg State Stud at Neustadt (Dosse), Germany, were available for the study. Mares were grouped according to their Maternal Lineage. Influences on the reproduction parameters gestation length and sex ratio of offspring were analyzed by simple and multiple analyses of variance. A total of 786 cases were included. From the 142 mares, 119 were assigned to six Maternal Lineages with n10mares per Lineage, and 23mares belonged to smaller Maternal Lineages. The mean number of live foals produced per mare was 4.6±3.6 (±SD). Live foal rate was 83.5%. Mean gestation length was 338.5±8.9 days (±SD) with a range of 313 to 370 days. Gestation length was affected by Maternal Lineage (p<0.001). Gestation length was also significantly influenced by the individual mare, age of the mare, year of breeding, month of breeding and sex of the foal (p<0.05). Of the 640 foals born alive at term, 48%were male and 52 % female. Mare age group and Maternal Lineage significantly influenced the sex ratio of the foals (p<0.05). It is concluded that Maternal Lineage influences reproductive parameters with high variation such as gestation length and foal sex ratio in horses. In young primiparous and agedmares, the percentage of female offspring is higher than the expected 1:1 ratio

  • Maternal Lineage of warmblood mares contributes to variation of gestation length and bias of foal sex ratio
    PLOS ONE, 2015
    Co-Authors: Juliane Kuhl, K F Stock, Manuela Wulf, Christine Aurich
    Abstract:

    Maternal Lineage influences performance traits in horses. This is probably caused by differences in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) transferred to the offspring via the oocyte. In the present study, we investigated if reproductive traits with high variability—gestation length and fetal sex ratio—are influenced by Maternal Lineage. Data from 142 Warmblood mares from the Brandenburg State Stud at Neustadt (Dosse), Germany, were available for the study. Mares were grouped according to their Maternal Lineage. Influences on the reproduction parameters gestation length and sex ratio of offspring were analyzed by simple and multiple analyses of variance. A total of 786 cases were included. From the 142 mares, 119 were assigned to six Maternal Lineages with n≥10 mares per Lineage, and 23 mares belonged to smaller Maternal Lineages. The mean number of live foals produced per mare was 4.6±3.6 (±SD). Live foal rate was 83.5%. Mean gestation length was 338.5±8.9 days (±SD) with a range of 313 to 370 days. Gestation length was affected by Maternal Lineage (p<0.001). Gestation length was also significantly influenced by the individual mare, age of the mare, year of breeding, month of breeding and sex of the foal (p<0.05). Of the 640 foals born alive at term, 48% were male and 52% female. Mare age group and Maternal Lineage significantly influenced the sex ratio of the foals (p<0.05). It is concluded that Maternal Lineage influences reproductive parameters with high variation such as gestation length and foal sex ratio in horses. In young primiparous and aged mares, the percentage of female offspring is higher than the expected 1:1 ratio.

A E Freeman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • multiple herd evaluation of the effects of Maternal Lineage on yield traits of holstein cattle
    Journal of Dairy Science, 1996
    Co-Authors: P J Boettcher, A E Freeman, Donald C Beitz, D W B Steverink, B T Mcdaniel
    Abstract:

    Abstract Effects of Maternal Lineage on yield traits were examined by using animal models. Data were 6054 multiparous records of 2264 cows from six herds in North Carolina and the breeding herd of Iowa State University. Separate analyses were performed by using first lactation records from North Carolina, all records from North Carolina, and pooled records from North Carolina and Iowa. Traits were mature equivalent yields of milk, fat, and protein; percentages of fat and protein; and milk energy concentration and yield. Cattle were assigned to Maternal Lineages on the basis of the earliest female ancestor recorded. Fixed effects in the models were herd-year-season, parity, and Maternal Lineage; random effects were animal, permanent environment, and residual. All additive genetic relationships were considered. For all analyses, Maternal Lineage was associated with significant differences in fat percentage and milk energy concentration. Differences between Maternal Lineages for yield traits were not significant. Variance components were also obtained with REML using the same data and models, but with Lineage as a random effect. Based on records pooled from Iowa and North Carolina, Maternal Lineage accounted for 2.7% of the variance in fat percentage. Otherwise,

  • the importance of Maternal Lineage on milk yield traits of dairy cattle
    Journal of Dairy Science, 1992
    Co-Authors: M M Schutz, A E Freeman, Donald C Beitz, John E Mayfield
    Abstract:

    Maternal Lineage effects on milk yield traits, considered indicative of cytoplasmic inheritance, were evaluated with animal models. Cattle were from a selection experiment begun in 1968. Maternal pedigrees were traced to the first female member in the Holstein-Friesian Herdbook; purchased cows entering the herd, considered foundation females, were assigned to Maternal Lineage groups. All models accounted for year-season of calving, parity, and selection lines. Maternal Lineage effects were included in a repeated records model with cow effects and preadjustment for sire and Maternal grandsire transmitting abilities. Maternal Lineage accounted for 5.2, 4.1, and 10.5% of phenotypic variation of preadjusted records of milk yield, fat yield, and fat percentage, respectively. Maternal Lineage was evaluated as a fixed effect in an animal model including random animal and permanent environmental effects. Maternal Lineage significantly affected fat percentage but not milk yield. Maternal genetic (nuclear) effects and their covariance with additive animal effects did not significantly account for additional variation nor did they influence Maternal Lineage estimates. Maternal Lineage affected calculated net energy of milk but was not important for SNF yield or concentration. Maternal Lineage influenced fat percentage, energy concentration, and, to a lesser extent, fat yield in milk of dairy cattle.

  • the importance of dairy cattle of Maternal Lineage on milk yield traits
    1992
    Co-Authors: M M Schur, A E Freeman, John E Mayfield
    Abstract:

    Maternal Lineage effects on milk yield traits, considered indicative of cytoplasmic inheritance, were evaluated with animal models. Cattle were from a selection experiment begun in 1968. Maternal pedigrees were traced to the first female member in the Holstein-Friesian Herdbook; purchased cows entering the herd, considered foundation females, were assigned to Maternal Lineage groups. All models accounted for year-season of calving, parity, and selection lines. Mated Lineage effects were included in a repeated records model with cow effects and preadjustment for sire and Maternal grandsire transmitting abilities. Maternal Lineage accounted for 5.2, 4.1, and 10.5% of phenotypic variation of preadjusted records of milk yield, fat yield, and fat percentage, respectively. Maternal Lineage was evaluated as a fixed effect in an animal model including random animal and permanent environmental effects. Maternal Lineage significantly affected fat percentage but not milk yield. Maternal genetic (nuclear) effects and their covariance with additive animal effects did not significantly account for additional variation nor did they influence Maternal Lineage estimates. Maternal Lineage affected calculated net energy of milk but was not important for SNF yield or concentration. Maternal Lineage influenced fat per

Donald C Beitz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • multiple herd evaluation of the effects of Maternal Lineage on yield traits of holstein cattle
    Journal of Dairy Science, 1996
    Co-Authors: P J Boettcher, A E Freeman, Donald C Beitz, D W B Steverink, B T Mcdaniel
    Abstract:

    Abstract Effects of Maternal Lineage on yield traits were examined by using animal models. Data were 6054 multiparous records of 2264 cows from six herds in North Carolina and the breeding herd of Iowa State University. Separate analyses were performed by using first lactation records from North Carolina, all records from North Carolina, and pooled records from North Carolina and Iowa. Traits were mature equivalent yields of milk, fat, and protein; percentages of fat and protein; and milk energy concentration and yield. Cattle were assigned to Maternal Lineages on the basis of the earliest female ancestor recorded. Fixed effects in the models were herd-year-season, parity, and Maternal Lineage; random effects were animal, permanent environment, and residual. All additive genetic relationships were considered. For all analyses, Maternal Lineage was associated with significant differences in fat percentage and milk energy concentration. Differences between Maternal Lineages for yield traits were not significant. Variance components were also obtained with REML using the same data and models, but with Lineage as a random effect. Based on records pooled from Iowa and North Carolina, Maternal Lineage accounted for 2.7% of the variance in fat percentage. Otherwise,

  • the importance of Maternal Lineage on milk yield traits of dairy cattle
    Journal of Dairy Science, 1992
    Co-Authors: M M Schutz, A E Freeman, Donald C Beitz, John E Mayfield
    Abstract:

    Maternal Lineage effects on milk yield traits, considered indicative of cytoplasmic inheritance, were evaluated with animal models. Cattle were from a selection experiment begun in 1968. Maternal pedigrees were traced to the first female member in the Holstein-Friesian Herdbook; purchased cows entering the herd, considered foundation females, were assigned to Maternal Lineage groups. All models accounted for year-season of calving, parity, and selection lines. Maternal Lineage effects were included in a repeated records model with cow effects and preadjustment for sire and Maternal grandsire transmitting abilities. Maternal Lineage accounted for 5.2, 4.1, and 10.5% of phenotypic variation of preadjusted records of milk yield, fat yield, and fat percentage, respectively. Maternal Lineage was evaluated as a fixed effect in an animal model including random animal and permanent environmental effects. Maternal Lineage significantly affected fat percentage but not milk yield. Maternal genetic (nuclear) effects and their covariance with additive animal effects did not significantly account for additional variation nor did they influence Maternal Lineage estimates. Maternal Lineage affected calculated net energy of milk but was not important for SNF yield or concentration. Maternal Lineage influenced fat percentage, energy concentration, and, to a lesser extent, fat yield in milk of dairy cattle.