The Experts below are selected from a list of 2385 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
David P Corey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the force be with you a mechanoreceptor channel in proprioception and touch
Neuron, 2010Co-Authors: David P Corey, Rachel WilsonAbstract:The TRPN1 ion channel has a role in both hearing and bristle Mechanosensation in fruit flies and in proprioception in nematodes. In this issue of Neuron , two papers present evidence that TRPN1 is also required for proprioception in fruit fly larvae and that it is a bona fide mechanoreceptor channel for nematode feeding behavior.
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TRP channels in Mechanosensation: direct or indirect activation?
Nature reviews. Neuroscience, 2007Co-Authors: Adam P. Christensen, David P CoreyAbstract:Ion channels of the transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily are involved in a wide variety of neural signalling processes, most prominently in sensory receptor cells. They are essential for Mechanosensation in systems ranging from fruitfly hearing, to nematode touch, to mouse mechanical pain. However, it is unclear in many instances whether a TRP channel directly transduces the mechanical stimulus or is part of a downstream signalling pathway. Here, we propose criteria for establishing direct mechanical activation of ion channels and review these criteria in a number of mechanosensory systems in which TRP channels are involved.
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trp channels in Mechanosensation
Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 2005Co-Authors: Shuhyow Lin, David P CoreyAbstract:Channels of the TRP superfamily have sensory roles in a wide variety of receptor cells, especially in Mechanosensation. In some cases, the channels appear to be directly activated by mechanical force; in others, they appear to be downstream of a messenger pathway initiated by force on a non-channel sensor. A remaining challenge for most of these mechanosensory TRPs is to clarify the specific mechanism of activation.
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new trp channels in hearing and Mechanosensation
Neuron, 2003Co-Authors: David P CoreyAbstract:Despite extensive biophysical characterization and the superb example of the bacterial MscL channel, molecular identification of eukaryotic mechanosensitive channels has been slow. New members of the TRP superfamily have emerged as candidate channels to mediate touch, hearing, fluid flow, and osmosensation in sensory and nonsensory cells. Distinguishing between direct mechanical activation and indirect second messenger activation is still a challenge.
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the molecules of Mechanosensation
Annual Review of Neuroscience, 1997Co-Authors: Jaime Garciaanoveros, David P CoreyAbstract:▪ Abstract Mechanosensation, the transduction of mechanical forces into a cellular electrochemical signal, enables living organisms to detect touch; vibrations, such as sound; accelerations, including gravity; body movements; and changes in cellular volume and shape. Ion channels directly activated by mechanical tension are thought to mediate Mechanosensation in many systems. Only one channel has been cloned that is unequivocably mechanically gated: the MscL channel in bacteria. Genetic screens for touch-insensitive nematodes or flies promise to identify the proteins that constitute a mechanosensory apparatus in eukaryotes. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the mec genes thus identified encode molecules for a candidate structure, which includes a “degenerin” channel tethered to specialized extracellular and intracellular structural proteins. In hair cells of the inner ear, evidence suggests that an extracellular tip link pulls on a channel, which attached intracellularly to actin via a tension-regulating myosin ...
Jing Zhou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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polycystins and Mechanosensation in renal and nodal cilia
BioEssays, 2004Co-Authors: Surya M. Nauli, Jing ZhouAbstract:The external surfaces of the human body, as well as its internal organs, constantly experience different kinds of mechanical stimulations. For example, tubular epithelial cells of the kidney are continuously exposed to a variety of mechanical forces, such as fluid flow shear stress within the lumen of th nephron. The majority of epithelial cells along the nephron, except intercalated cells, possess a primary cilium, an organelle projecting from the cell's apical surface into the luminal space. Despite its discovery over 100 years ago, the primary cilium's function continued to elude researchers for many decades. However, recent studies indicate that renal cilia have a sensory function. Studies on polycystic kidney disease (PKD) have identified many of the molecular players, which should help solve the mystery of how the renal cilium senses fluid flow. In this review, we will summarize the recent breakthroughs in PKD research and discuss the role(s) of th polycystin signaling complex in mediating mechanosensory function by the primary cilium of renal epithelium as well as of the embryonic node. BioEssays 26:844–856, 2004. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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polycystins and Mechanosensation in renal and nodal cilia
BioEssays, 2004Co-Authors: Surya M. Nauli, Jing ZhouAbstract:The external surfaces of the human body, as well as its internal organs, constantly experience different kinds of mechanical stimulations. For example, tubular epithelial cells of the kidney are continuously exposed to a variety of mechanical forces, such as fluid flow shear stress within the lumen of th nephron. The majority of epithelial cells along the nephron, except intercalated cells, possess a primary cilium, an organelle projecting from the cell's apical surface into the luminal space. Despite its discovery over 100 years ago, the primary cilium's function continued to elude researchers for many decades. However, recent studies indicate that renal cilia have a sensory function. Studies on polycystic kidney disease (PKD) have identified many of the molecular players, which should help solve the mystery of how the renal cilium senses fluid flow. In this review, we will summarize the recent breakthroughs in PKD research and discuss the role(s) of the polycystin signaling complex in mediating mechanosensory function by the primary cilium of renal epithelium as well as of the embryonic node.
Surya M. Nauli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Vascular Endothelial Primary Cilia: Mechanosensation and Hypertension.
Current hypertension reviews, 2016Co-Authors: Ashraf M. Mohieldin, Surya M. Nauli, Hannah C. Saternos, Hossain Saad Md Zubayer, Alzahra J. Al Omran, Ali A. Zarban, Wissam A. AboualaiwiAbstract:Primary cilia are sensory organelles that extend from the cell surface and sense extracellular signals. Endothelial primary cilia protruding from the inner surface of blood vessel walls sense changes in blood flow and convert this Mechanosensation into an intracellular biochemical/molecular signal, which triggers a cellular response. Primary endothelial cilia dysfunction may contribute to the impairment of this response and thus be directly implicated in the development of vascular abnormalities such as hypertension and aneurysms. Using both in vitro techniques as well as in vivo animal models, we and others have investigated fluid flow mechanosensory functions of endothelial cilia in cultured cells, animal models and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) patients. More in-depth studies directed at identification of the mechanisms of fluid flow sensing will further enhance our knowledge of cilia-dependent vascular pathology. Although the current treatments aimed at treating the cardiovascular symptoms in ADPKD patients successfully slowed the progression of cyst growth, there is growing evidence which suggests that drugs which interfere with primary cilia function or structure could reduce cardiovascular complications in ADPKD. This review is to summarize the most recent studies on primary endothelial cilia function in the vascular system and to present primary cilia as a novel therapeutic target for vascular hypertension.
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polycystins and Mechanosensation in renal and nodal cilia
BioEssays, 2004Co-Authors: Surya M. Nauli, Jing ZhouAbstract:The external surfaces of the human body, as well as its internal organs, constantly experience different kinds of mechanical stimulations. For example, tubular epithelial cells of the kidney are continuously exposed to a variety of mechanical forces, such as fluid flow shear stress within the lumen of th nephron. The majority of epithelial cells along the nephron, except intercalated cells, possess a primary cilium, an organelle projecting from the cell's apical surface into the luminal space. Despite its discovery over 100 years ago, the primary cilium's function continued to elude researchers for many decades. However, recent studies indicate that renal cilia have a sensory function. Studies on polycystic kidney disease (PKD) have identified many of the molecular players, which should help solve the mystery of how the renal cilium senses fluid flow. In this review, we will summarize the recent breakthroughs in PKD research and discuss the role(s) of th polycystin signaling complex in mediating mechanosensory function by the primary cilium of renal epithelium as well as of the embryonic node. BioEssays 26:844–856, 2004. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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polycystins and Mechanosensation in renal and nodal cilia
BioEssays, 2004Co-Authors: Surya M. Nauli, Jing ZhouAbstract:The external surfaces of the human body, as well as its internal organs, constantly experience different kinds of mechanical stimulations. For example, tubular epithelial cells of the kidney are continuously exposed to a variety of mechanical forces, such as fluid flow shear stress within the lumen of th nephron. The majority of epithelial cells along the nephron, except intercalated cells, possess a primary cilium, an organelle projecting from the cell's apical surface into the luminal space. Despite its discovery over 100 years ago, the primary cilium's function continued to elude researchers for many decades. However, recent studies indicate that renal cilia have a sensory function. Studies on polycystic kidney disease (PKD) have identified many of the molecular players, which should help solve the mystery of how the renal cilium senses fluid flow. In this review, we will summarize the recent breakthroughs in PKD research and discuss the role(s) of the polycystin signaling complex in mediating mechanosensory function by the primary cilium of renal epithelium as well as of the embryonic node.
Sean X Sun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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role of membrane tension gated ca2 flux in cell Mechanosensation
Journal of Cell Science, 2018Co-Authors: Jiaxiang Tao, Vishnu Prasath, Denis Wirtz, Debonil Maity, Sean X SunAbstract:Eukaryotic cells are sensitive to mechanical forces they experience from the environment. The process of Mechanosensation is complex, and involves elements such as the cytoskeleton and active contraction from myosin motors. Ultimately, Mechanosensation is connected to changes in gene expression in the cell, or mechanotransduction. While the involvement of the cytoskeleton in Mechanosensation is known, processes upstream to cytoskeletal changes are unclear. In this paper, using a microfluidic device that mechanically compresses live cells, we demonstrate that calcium currents and membrane tension-sensitive ion channels directly signal to the Rho GTPase and myosin contraction. In response to membrane tension changes, cells actively regulate cortical myosin contraction to balance external forces. The process is captured by a mechanochemical model where membrane tension, myosin contraction and the osmotic pressure difference between the cytoplasm and extracellular environment are connected by mechanical force-balance. Finally, to complete the picture of mechanotransduction, we find that the tension-sensitive transcription factor, YAP, translocates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to mechanical compression.
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role of membrane tension gated ca2 flux in cell Mechanosensation
Journal of Cell Science, 2018Co-Authors: Jiaxiang Tao, Vishnu Prasath, Denis Wirtz, Debonil Maity, Sean X SunAbstract:Eukaryotic cells are sensitive to mechanical forces they experience from the environment. The process of Mechanosensation is complex, and involves elements such as the cytoskeleton and active contraction from myosin motors. Ultimately, Mechanosensation is connected to changes in gene expression in the cell, known as mechanotransduction. While the involvement of the cytoskeleton in Mechanosensation is known, the processes upstream of cytoskeletal changes are unclear. In this paper, by using a microfluidic device that mechanically compresses live cells, we demonstrate that Ca2+ currents and membrane tension-sensitive ion channels directly signal to the Rho GTPase and myosin contraction. In response to membrane tension changes, cells actively regulate cortical myosin contraction to balance external forces. The process is captured by a mechanochemical model where membrane tension, myosin contraction and the osmotic pressure difference between the cytoplasm and extracellular environment are connected by mechanical force balance. Finally, to complete the picture of mechanotransduction, we find that the tension-sensitive transcription factor YAP family of proteins translocate from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to mechanical compression.
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role of membrane tension gated ca flux in cell Mechanosensation
bioRxiv, 2017Co-Authors: Jiaxiang Tao, Vishnu Prasath, Denis Wirtz, Sean X SunAbstract:Eukaryotic cells are sensitive to mechanical forces that from the environment. The process of Mechanosensation is complex, and involves elements such as the cytoskeleton and active contraction from myosin motors. Ultimately, Mechanosensation is connected to gene expression in the cell, or mechanotransduction. While the involvement of cytoskeleton in Mechanosensation is known, processes upstream to cytoskeletal changes is unclear. In this paper, using a microfluidic device that compresses live cells, we demonstrate that calcium currents and tension-sensitive ion channels directly signals to Rho GTPase and myosin contraction. In response to membrane tension changes, cells actively adjust cortical myosin contraction. The process is captured by a mechanochemical model where membrane tension, myosin contraction and the osmotic pressure difference between the cytoplasm and extracellular environment are connected by mechanical force-balance. Moreover, we find that the transcription factor YAP translocates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to mechanical compression.
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active biochemical regulation of cell volume and a simple model of cell tension response
Biophysical Journal, 2015Co-Authors: Jiaxiang Tao, Sean X SunAbstract:Active contractile forces exerted by eukaryotic cells play significant roles during embryonic development, tissue formation, and cell motility. At the molecular level, small GTPases in signaling pathways can regulate active cell contraction. Here, starting with mechanical force balance at the cell cortex, and the recent discovery that tension-sensitive membrane channels can catalyze the conversion of the inactive form of Rho to the active form, we show mathematically that this active regulation of cellular contractility together with osmotic regulation can robustly control the cell size and membrane tension against external mechanical or osmotic shocks. We find that the magnitude of active contraction depends on the rate of mechanical pulling, but the cell tension can recover. The model also predicts that the cell exerts stronger contractile forces against a stiffer external environment, and therefore exhibits features of Mechanosensation. These results suggest that a simple system for maintaining homeostatic values of cell volume and membrane tension could explain cell tension response and Mechanosensation in different environments.
Miguel Vicentemanzanares - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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meeting report workshop actin based Mechanosensation and force generation in health and disease
Journal of Cell Science, 2020Co-Authors: Anna Polesskaya, Miguel VicentemanzanaresAbstract:International experts in the fields of cellular motility, force generation and Mechanosensation met in Baeza, a UNESCO World Heritage city, from the 10th to the 13th of November, 2019. The meeting, part of the 'Current Trends in Biomedicine' series, took place at the 'Sede Antonio Machado', a beautiful 17th century building turned into a conference center of the Universidad Internacional de Andalucia (UNIA), which sponsored the event. The meeting was organized by Alexis Gautreau, Pekka Lappalainen and Miguel Vicente-Manzanares, with the support of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) and the Spanish-based company IMPETUX. Fifty scientists presented recent results during the talks, poster sessions and thematic discussions. As Baeza itself served as a crossroads of medieval Christian, Moorish and Jewish cultures, the meeting brought together cell biologists, biochemists, biophysicists and engineers from around the world that provided an integrated vision of the role of the actin cytoskeleton, force generation and Mechanosensation in diverse physiological processes and pathologies.