The Experts below are selected from a list of 303 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
John F. Mcdonald - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Retrotransposon-Gene Associations Are Widespread Among D. Melanogaster Populations
Molecular biology and evolution, 2004Co-Authors: Lucía F. Franchini, Eric W. Ganko, John F. McdonaldAbstract:We have surveyed 18 natural populations of Drosophila Melanogaster for the presence of 23 retrotransposon-gene-association alleles (i.e., the presence of an LTR retrotransposon sequence in or within 1,000 bp of a gene) recently identified in the sequenced D. Melanogaster genome. The identified associations were detected only in the D. Melanogaster populations. The majority (61%) of the identified retrotransposon-gene associations were present only in the sequenced strain in which they were first identified. Thirty percent of the associations were detected in at least one of the natural populations, and 9% of the associations were detected in all of the D. Melanogaster populations surveyed. Sequence analysis of an association allele present in all populations indicates that selection is a significant factor in the spread and/or maintenance of at least some of retroelement-gene associations in D. Melanogaster.
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Evolution of the copia retrotransposon in the Drosophila Melanogaster species subgroup.
Molecular biology and evolution, 1998Co-Authors: I K Jordan, John F. McdonaldAbstract:We report the results of a phylogenetic survey of the retrotransposon copia in the Melanogaster subgroup of the Drosophila genus. The polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify the copia 5' long terminal repeat and the adjacent untranslated leader region from representative Melanogaster subgroup species. Restriction and sequence analyses of this region reveal discrete classes of copia size variants within the Melanogaster subgroup. Phylogenetic comparisons of copia sequence data indicate that the size variants represent different copia subfamilies which diverged prior to their distribution in the Melanogaster subgroup. Our results also suggest that copia elements have been subject to horizontal and vertical transmission during their evolution.
Hiroshi Akashi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Molecular phylogeny of the Drosophila Melanogaster species subgroup.
Journal of molecular evolution, 2003Co-Authors: Ryan M. David, Hiroshi AkashiAbstract:Although molecular and phenotypic evolution have been studied extensively in Drosophila Melanogaster and its close relatives, phylogenetic relationships within the D. Melanogaster species subgroup remain unresolved. In particular, recent molecular studies have not converged on the branching orders of the D. yakuba–D. teissieri and D. erecta–D. orena species pairs relative to the D. Melanogaster–D. simulans–D. mauritiana–D. sechellia species complex. Here, we reconstruct the phylogeny of the Melanogaster species subgroup using DNA sequence data from four nuclear genes. We have employed “vectorette PCR” to obtain sequence data for orthologous regions of the Alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh), Alcohol dehydrogenase related (Adhr), Glucose dehydrogenase (Gld), and rosy (ry) genes (totaling 7164 bp) from six Melanogaster subgroup species (D. Melanogaster, D. simulans, D. teissieri, D. yakuba, D. erecta, and D. orena) and three species from subgroups outside the Melanogaster species subgroup [D. eugracilis (eugracilis subgroup), D. mimetica (suzukii subgroup), and D. lutescens (takahashii subgroup)]. Relationships within the D. simulans complex are not addressed. Phylogenetic analyses employing maximum parsimony, neighbor-joining, and maximum likelihood methods strongly support a D. yakuba–D. teissieri and D. erecta–D. orena clade within the Melanogaster species subgroup. D. eugracilis is grouped closer to the Melanogaster subgroup than a D. mimetica–D. lutescens clade. This tree topology is supported by reconstructions employing simple (single parameter) and more complex (nonreversible) substitution models.
Taufika Ramadhan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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PERBEDAAN STRAIN DAN UMUR BETINA TERHADAP JUMLAH KETURUNAN LALAT BUAH (Drosophila Melanogaster Meigen)
'LPPM Universitas Teknologi Sumbawa', 2020Co-Authors: Taufika RamadhanAbstract:A study was conducted on the differences in strain and female age on the number of descendants of fruit flies (Drospohila Melanogaster Meigen) to determine the effect of strain and female age on the number of D. Melanogaster offspring in normal, taxi and sepia strains. Five D. Melanogaster ? normal crossed with 5 D. D. Melanogaster ? normal, 5 D. Melanogaster ? taxi crossed with 5 D. D. Melanogaster ? taxi, 5 D. D. Melanogaster ? sepia crossed with 5 D. D. Melanogaster ? sepia. Age of the crossed female is 8-10 hours, 12-14 hours, 16-18 hours, 20-22 hours, and 24-26 hours after hatching from the pupa. Each group of crosses was repeated five times. D. Melanogaster crossing was carried out at 25oC. Data were analyzed with factorial anava and then tested further with LSD (Least Significant Difference) of 5% significance level. Based on the results of the study note that there is an influence of strain and female age on the number of offspring. It is also known that normal strains produce the highest number of offspring, whereas taxi strains produce the fewest offspring. Age of females 20-22 hours produces the most number of offspring and is not significantly different from females 24-26 hours, while ages 8-10 hours produce the fewest number of offspring and are not significantly different from ages 12-14 hours.Telah dilakukan penelitian Perbedaan Strain dan Umur Betina Terhadap Jumlah Keturunan Lalat Buah (Drospohila Melanogaster Meigen) untuk mengetahui pengaruh strain dan umur betina terhadap jumlah keturunan D. Melanogaster pada strain normal, taxi, dan sepia. Sebanyak 5 ekor D. Melanogaster ? normal disilangkan dengan 5 ekor D. Melanogaster ? normal, 5 ekor D. Melanogaster ? taxi disilangkan dengan 5 ekor D. Melanogaster ? taxi, 5 ekor D. Melanogaster ? sepia disilangkan dengan 5 ekor D. Melanogaster ? sepia. Umur betina yang disilangkan adalah 8-10 jam, 12-14 jam, 16-18 jam, 20-22 jam, dan 24-26 jam sejak menetas dari pupa. Setiap kelompok persilangan diulang lima kali. Persilangan D. Melanogaster dilakukan pada suhu 25oC. Data dianalisis dengan anava faktorial kemudian diuji lanjut dengan BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil) taraf signifikansi 5%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa ada pengaruh strain dan umur betina terhadap jumlah keturunan. Diketahui pula bahwa strain normal menghasilkan jumlah keturunan terbanyak, sedangkan strain taxi menghasilkan jumlah keturunan paling sedikit. Umur betina 20-22 jam menghasilkan jumlah keturunan yang paling banyak dan tidak berbeda nyata dengan umur betina 24-26 jam, sedangkan umur 8-10 jam menghasilkan jumlah keturunan paling sedikit dan tidak berbeda nyata dengan umur 12-14 jam
Zhiyu Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of polysaccharides extracted from Sipunculus nudus (SNP) on the lifespan and immune damage repair of Drosophila Melanogaster exposed to Cd (VI)
Natural product research, 2017Co-Authors: Su Jie, Linlin Jiang, Zhiyu LiuAbstract:AbstractThe water-soluble polysaccharides extracted from Sipunculus nudus (SNP) was investigated on the lifespan and immune damage repair of Drosophila Melanogaster exposed to Cd (VI). SNP increased superoxyde dismutase (SOD), nitrogen monoxide (NO), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total anti-oxidation competence (T-AOC), with decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) on D. Melanogaster demonstrated that SNP could attenuate oxidative damage of D. Melanogaster Exposed to Cd (VI). Real-time PCR and western blot analysis showed that SNP enhanced the gene expression of Diptericin, Drosomycin, Defensin, PGRP-LC and the protein level of Toll, p-JNK and Relish， that suggested the promoting effect of SNP on the immune damage repair of D. Melanogaster exposed to Cd (VI). The increased level of Indy, Parkin and AMPK indicated the regulated effect of SNP on the longevity-related pathways through ageing-related moleculars of D. Melanogaster exposed to Cd (VI). These results suggested that SNP could also improve the lifespa...
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Effect of polysaccharides extracted from Sipunculus nudus (SNP) on the lifespan and immune damage repair of Drosophila Melanogaster exposed to Cd (VI)
2017Co-Authors: Linlin Jiang, Zhiyu LiuAbstract:The water-soluble polysaccharides extracted from Sipunculus nudus (SNP) was investigated on the lifespan and immune damage repair of Drosophila Melanogaster exposed to Cd (VI). SNP increased superoxyde dismutase (SOD), nitrogen monoxide (NO), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total anti-oxidation competence (T-AOC), with decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) on D. Melanogaster demonstrated that SNP could attenuate oxidative damage of D. Melanogaster Exposed to Cd (VI). Real-time PCR and western blot analysis showed that SNP enhanced the gene expression of Diptericin, Drosomycin, Defensin, PGRP-LC and the protein level of Toll, p-JNK and Relish， that suggested the promoting effect of SNP on the immune damage repair of D. Melanogaster exposed to Cd (VI). The increased level of Indy, Parkin and AMPK indicated the regulated effect of SNP on the longevity-related pathways through ageing-related moleculars of D. Melanogaster exposed to Cd (VI). These results suggested that SNP could also improve the lifespan of D. Melanogaster exposed to Cd (VI).
Artyom Kopp - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Basal relationships in the Drosophila Melanogaster species group.
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 2006Co-Authors: Artyom KoppAbstract:The Drosophila Melanogaster species group is a popular model for evolutionary studies due to its morphological and ecological diversity and its inclusion of the model species D. Melanogaster. However, phylogenetic relationships among major lineages within this species group remain controversial. In this report, the phylogeny of 10 species representing each of the well-supported monophyletic clades in the Melanogaster group was studied using the sequences of 14 loci that together comprise 9493 nucleotide positions. Combined Bayesian analysis using gene-specific substitution models produced a 100% credible set of two trees. In the strict consensus of these trees, the ananassae subgroup branches first in the Melanogaster species group, followed by the montium subgroup. The remaining lineages form a monophyletic clade in which D. ficusphila and D. elegans branch first, followed by D. biarmipes, D. eugracilis, and the Melanogaster subgroup. This strongly supported phylogeny resolves most basal relationships in the Melanogaster species group, and provides a framework that can be extended in the future to encompass more species.
