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Stein Knardahl - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Workplace bullying, Mental Distress, and sickness absence: the protective role of social support
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 2019Co-Authors: Morten Birkeland Nielsen, Live Bakke Finne, Jan Olav Christensen, Stein KnardahlAbstract:Purpose This study examined the protective effects of supervisor, colleague, and non-work-related social support on the associations between workplace bullying, Mental Distress, and medically certified sickness absence. We hypothesized that social support moderated the direct association between workplace bullying and Mental Distress as well as the indirect association between bullying and sickness absence through Mental Distress. We also hypothesized that the protective effects of social support were stronger among women than among men.
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workplace bullying and Mental Distress a prospective study of norwegian employees
Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health, 2011Co-Authors: Live Bakke Finne, Stein KnardahlAbstract:Objectives Using a prospective design, the objective of this study was to determine the relationship between workplace bullying and Mental Distress. Methods Altogether, 1971 Norwegian employees, recruited from 20 organizations, answered questions regarding workplace bullying and Mental Distress at both baseline and follow-up. Baseline data were gathered between 2004–2006, and follow-up data were gathered between 2006–2009. The time-lag between baseline and follow-up was approximately two years for all the respondents in all the organizations. The factors measured in the study were individual characteristics, Mental Distress measured with the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL-10), self-reported workplace bullying measured with a single item from the General Nordic Questionnaire for Psychological and Social Factors at Work (QPSNordic) and job demands and job control assessed by QPSNordic. Results A multiple linear regression analysis adjusted for Mental Distress, sex, age, job demands and job control at baseline [β=0.05, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.03–0.17] and a repeated measures ANOVA adjusted for sex and age [F(3,1965)=38.37; partial η 2 =0.06] showed that workplace bullying predicted Mental Distress. Furthermore, a multiple binary logistic regression analysis adjusted for bullying, sex, age, job demands and job control at baseline [odds ratio (OR) 2.30, 95% CI 1.43–3.69] showed that Mental Distress was a predictor of bullying. Conclusions We found support for the notion that self-reported workplace bullying is a predictor of Mental Distress two years later. Bullying had an independent effect on Mental Distress after adjusting for job demands and job control. Mental Distress was also found to be a predictor of bullying, indicating that the reverse relationship is also important.
Live Bakke Finne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Workplace bullying, Mental Distress, and sickness absence: the protective role of social support
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 2019Co-Authors: Morten Birkeland Nielsen, Live Bakke Finne, Jan Olav Christensen, Stein KnardahlAbstract:Purpose This study examined the protective effects of supervisor, colleague, and non-work-related social support on the associations between workplace bullying, Mental Distress, and medically certified sickness absence. We hypothesized that social support moderated the direct association between workplace bullying and Mental Distress as well as the indirect association between bullying and sickness absence through Mental Distress. We also hypothesized that the protective effects of social support were stronger among women than among men.
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workplace bullying and Mental Distress a prospective study of norwegian employees
Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health, 2011Co-Authors: Live Bakke Finne, Stein KnardahlAbstract:Objectives Using a prospective design, the objective of this study was to determine the relationship between workplace bullying and Mental Distress. Methods Altogether, 1971 Norwegian employees, recruited from 20 organizations, answered questions regarding workplace bullying and Mental Distress at both baseline and follow-up. Baseline data were gathered between 2004–2006, and follow-up data were gathered between 2006–2009. The time-lag between baseline and follow-up was approximately two years for all the respondents in all the organizations. The factors measured in the study were individual characteristics, Mental Distress measured with the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL-10), self-reported workplace bullying measured with a single item from the General Nordic Questionnaire for Psychological and Social Factors at Work (QPSNordic) and job demands and job control assessed by QPSNordic. Results A multiple linear regression analysis adjusted for Mental Distress, sex, age, job demands and job control at baseline [β=0.05, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.03–0.17] and a repeated measures ANOVA adjusted for sex and age [F(3,1965)=38.37; partial η 2 =0.06] showed that workplace bullying predicted Mental Distress. Furthermore, a multiple binary logistic regression analysis adjusted for bullying, sex, age, job demands and job control at baseline [odds ratio (OR) 2.30, 95% CI 1.43–3.69] showed that Mental Distress was a predictor of bullying. Conclusions We found support for the notion that self-reported workplace bullying is a predictor of Mental Distress two years later. Bullying had an independent effect on Mental Distress after adjusting for job demands and job control. Mental Distress was also found to be a predictor of bullying, indicating that the reverse relationship is also important.
Ali H Mokdad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mental Distress and functional health in the united states
Preventive Medicine, 2016Co-Authors: Raghid Charara, Charbel El Bcheraoui, Hannah Kravitz, Satvinder S Dhingra, Ali H MokdadAbstract:Abstract Introduction Mental illness prevalence is increasing in USA. Understanding the relationship between functional status and Mental health is crucial in optimizing psychiatric treatment. Methods We used 2000–2014 BRFSS data to examine the relationship between functional health and frequent Mental Distress in 51 states. Results East-South-Central US (14.88%) had the highest prevalence of frequent Mental Distress and West-North-Central (9.42%) the lowest. Tennessee (15.7%) had the highest prevalence of frequent Mental Distress and North Dakota (7.4%) the lowest. East-South-Central had the highest prevalence on all functional limitation items. West Virginia had the highest prevalence of functional limitation (29.1%), use of special equipment (14.0%), blindness (8.6%), walking difficulty (23.0%), and difficulty running errands (12%). Females were more likely to report frequent Mental Distress in all states and more likely to report functional limitations in 32 states. Those who were divorced, smoker, unemployed, and of African American/American Indian/Alaskan native/other race were more likely to have a functional limitation. The prevalence of frequent Mental Distress increased steadily from 2000 for males and females but showed a decline from 2013 to 2014. The rate of increase was higher between 2008 and 2013 compared to previous years. Conclusions Our study showed a high prevalence of Mental Distress and poor functional health in the US with a large variation between states and socio-demographic groups. Moreover, our findings showed a strong association between poor Mental health and functional limitations. Our findings call for integrating Mental and physical health research and clinical care to reduce the burden of Mental health in the US.
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Prevalence of CVD risk factors among adults with diabetes by Mental Distress status.
American Journal of Health Behavior, 2004Co-Authors: Tara W. Strine, Gloria L. Beckles, Catherine A. Okoro, Lina S. Balluz, Ali H MokdadAbstract:To determine whether Mental Distress among diabetic persons is associated with various CVD risk factors. Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System, an ongoing, statebased, random-digit-dialed telephone survey of the noninstitutionalized US adult population. Diabetic persons with Mental Distress were more likely than those without Mental Distress to smoke to have hypercholesterolemia and hypertension and not to engage in leisure-time physical activity. Mental health professionals need to be involved in the care of diabetic persons so they can recognize and treat symptoms of Mental Distress and participate in research to identify interventions that can reduce Mental Distress and reinforce healthy behaviors.
Markos Tesfaye - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Household food insecurity and Mental Distress among pregnant women in Southwestern Ethiopia: a cross sectional study design
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 2015Co-Authors: Mulusew Gerbaba Jebena, Markos Tesfaye, Mohammed Taha, Motohiro Nakajima, Andrine M Lemieux, Fikre Lemessa, Richard G. Hoffman, Tefera Belachew, Netsanet Workineh, Esayas KebedeAbstract:There are compelling theoretical and empirical reasons that link household food insecurity to Mental Distress in the setting where both problems are common. However, little is known about their association during pregnancy in Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the association of household food insecurity with Mental Distress during pregnancy. Six hundred and forty-two pregnant women were recruited from 11 health centers and one hospital. Probability proportional to size (PPS) and consecutive sampling techniques were employed to recruit study subjects until the desired sample size was obtained. The Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) was used to measure Mental Distress and a 9-item Household Food Insecurity Access Scale was used to measure food security status. Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed accordingly. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the effect of food insecurity on Mental Distress. Fifty eight of the respondents (9 %) were moderately food insecure and 144 of the respondents (22.4 %) had Mental Distress. Food insecurity was also associated with Mental Distress. Pregnant women living in food insecure households were 4 times more likely to have Mental Distress than their counterparts (COR = 3.77, 95 % CI: 2.17, 6.55). After controlling for confounders, a multivariate logistic regression model supported a link between food insecurity and Mental Distress (AOR = 4.15, 95 % CI: 1.67, 10.32). The study found a significant association between food insecurity and Mental Distress. However, the mechanism by which food insecurity is associated with Mental Distress is not clear. Further investigation is therefore needed to understand either how food insecurity during pregnancy leads to Mental Distress or weather Mental Distress is a contributing factor in the development of food insecurity.
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prevalence and correlates of Mental Distress among working adults in ethiopia
Clinical Practice & Epidemiology in Mental Health, 2012Co-Authors: Bizu Gelaye, Seblewengel Lemma, Negussie Deyassa, Yonas Bahretibeb, Markos Tesfaye, Yemane Berhane, Michelle A WilliamsAbstract:Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of Mental Distress and its correlates among working Ethiopian adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study of 2,180 individuals (1,316 men and 864 women) was conducted among working adults in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics of participants. Mental Distress was assessed using the self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ). Logistic regression was employed to estimate adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: The prevalence of Mental Distress in the study sample was 17.7% (25.9% in women and 12.4% in men). Younger participants (age ≤24 years) had the highest prevalence of Mental Distress (35.5% in women and 16.7% in men). The odds of Mental Distress was 2.47-fold higher among women as compared with men (OR=2.47, 95% CI 1.97-3.09). Participants reporting excellent health status had a 50% reduced odds of Mental Distress (OR=0.47; 95%CI: 0.38-0.59); and moderate alcohol consumption was associated with a slight increased odds of Mental Distress (OR=1.26; 95%CI: 1.00-1.67). Conclusion: A high prevalence of Mental Distress was observed among working adults in Ethiopia. Our findings suggest that the workforce institutions should provide targeted prevention and intervention programs to improve the Mental health state of their employees. National Mental health policy that clearly outlines and addresses Mental Distress among working adults is also warranted.
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khat chewing and Mental Distress a community based study in jimma city southwestern ethiopia
Ethiopian journal of health sciences, 2011Co-Authors: Tekalign Damena, Andualem Mossie, Markos TesfayeAbstract:BACKGROUND: Khat ( Catha edulis ) contains a psychoactive substance, cathinone, which produces central nervous system stimulation analogous to amphetamine. It is believed that khat chewing has a negative impact on the physical and Mental health of individuals as well as the socioeconomic condition of the family and the society at large. There is lack of community based studies regarding the link between khat use and poor Mental health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between khat use and Mental Distress and to determine the prevalence of Mental Distress and khat use in Jimma City. METHODS: A cross-sectional community-based study was conducted in Jimma City from October 15 to November 15, 2009. The study used a structured questionnaire and Self Reporting Questionnaire-20 designed by WHO and which has been translated into Amharic and validated in Ethiopia. By multi stage sampling, 1200 individuals were included in the study. Data analysis was done using SPSS for window version 13. RESULTS: The Khat use prevalence was found to be 37.8% during the study period. Majority of the khat users were males (73.5%), age group 18-24 (41.1%), Muslims (46.6%), Oromo Ethnic group (47.2%), single (51.4%), high school students (46.8%) and employed (80%). Using cut-off point 7 out of 20 on the Self Reporting Questionnaire-20, 25.8% of the study population was found to have Mental Distress. Males (26.6%), persons older than 55 years (36.4%), Orthodox Christians (28.4%), Kefficho Ethnic groups (36.4%), widowed (44.8%), illiterates (43.8%) and farmers (40.0%) had higher rates of Mental Distress. We found that Mental Distress and khat use have significant association (34.7% Vs 20.5%, P KEYWORDS: Khat chewing, Mental Distress, Mental illness, Self reporting questionnaire
Espen Bjertness - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pain complaints as risk factor for Mental Distress: a three-year follow-up study
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2011Co-Authors: Lars Lien, Magne Thoresen, Kristian Green, Espen BjertnessAbstract:The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pain complaints at baseline and Mental Distress at follow-up. We included adolescents from two longitudinal studies of 18/19 years of age with two corresponding cross-sectional baseline studies at age 15/16. A total of 5750 were invited for the baseline study, and we have 3-year follow-up data for 3316 (57.8% follow-up rate). All information is based on self-report. The questions of pain are asking for severe pain the past year. Mental Distress is measured by Hopkins Symptoms Check List (HSCL-10). Number of pain sites increased among girls and decreased among boys from baseline to follow-up. There was a cross-sectional dose–response association between number of pain sites and Mental Distress at both time points. Also, in the follow-up study, there was dose–response relationship between numbers of pain sites at baseline and Mental Distress at follow-up even after controlling for possible confounding factors. We found no effect of Mental Distress at baseline on pain reports at follow-up. There is a strong association between pain at 15/16 years and Mental Distress at 18/19 years of age. Clinicians should therefore take pain complaints among adolescents seriously and be aware of comorbid and later development of Mental health problems.
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Itch and Mental Distress: a cross-sectional study among late adolescents.
Acta Dermato-venereologica, 2009Co-Authors: Jon Anders Halvorsen, Florence Dalgard, Magne Thoresen, Espen Bjertness, Lars LienAbstract:Itch is known to be associated with psychological factors in adults, but has not been explored among adolescents. A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based population study involving adolescents born mostly in 1986 was carried out in 2004. A total of 4744 individuals were invited and the participation rate was 80%. The Hopkins Symptom Checklist-10 was used to measure Mental Distress. The prevalence of itch was 8.8%. Itch was associated with Mental Distress, gender, socio-demographic factors, asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema. In a logistic regression model adjusting for possible confounders (including eczema), an association between itch and Mental Distress was found (odds ratio=3.1). In a subgroup analysis of those without eczema, the association was stronger. When the severity of itch increased, in both genders Mental Distress also increased. Mental Distress and eczema are the variables in the study that contributes most to the distribution of itch at population level among adolescents in Oslo, Norway.
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Bodily pain and associated Mental Distress among immigrant adolescents. A population-based cross-sectional study.
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2005Co-Authors: Lars Lien, Magne Thoresen, Bjørgulf Claussen, Edvard Hauff, Espen BjertnessAbstract:Objective The aim of this study was to describe differences among immigrant groups in bodily pain, and analyze its association with Mental Distress. Method A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out involving tenth grade pupils in Oslo. Of the 7,343 pupils that participated, one-quarter were first- or second-generation immigrants. The Hopkins Symptom Checklist-10 was used to measure Mental Distress. All information on pain and Mental Distress was self-reported. Results Girls reported more bodily pain from all types of pain. Headache was the most prevalent pain site across gender and immigrant groups. Strong associations between Mental Distress and number of pain sites were found for all immigrant groups. Neck and shoulder pain yielded the highest odds ratio (OR) for Mental Distress among the majority of the immigrant groups. The Sub-Saharan African group had the highest adjusted OR for Mental Distress [OR = 9.8 (1.1-82.7)] when reporting three or more pain sites, and the Indian Subcontinent the lowest [OR = 4.0 (1.8-8.8)]. Conclusion The differences in number and types of pain were small, though significant between the different immigrant groups. Adolescents from Sub-Saharan Africa seem to react with more Mental Distress to bodily pain than adolescents emigrating from the Indian Subcontinent.