The Experts below are selected from a list of 6198 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Carmen G. Sotelo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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New Strategy to Cope with Common Fishery Policy Landing Obligation: Collagen Extraction from Skins and Bones of Undersized Hake (Merluccius Merluccius).
Polymers, 2019Co-Authors: Maria Blanco, Carmen G. Sotelo, Ricardo I. Pérez-martínAbstract:In order to promote sustainable fishing practices within European fishing fleets and to avoid the large waste of valuable fish biomass through the practice of fish discarding, the new reform of the common fisheries policy includes the obligation of landing all species under total allowable catch (TAC) regulations. The new policy also prohibits the use of specimens under minimum conservation reference size for direct human cons38umption. In this context, it is necessary to find new uses for undersized fish, which might help to alleviate the costs associated with the landing obligation but without prompting the creation of a market. European hake (EH) (Merluccius Merluccius), which is one of the most important commercial fish species for the Spanish fishing industry, with a total TAC for 2018 of 37,423 t, is used for this study. Consistent with the current policy framework and taking into account the commercial importance of this species, the aim of this work is to study a new strategy for the extraction of collagen from the skin and bone fraction of Merluccius Merluccius undersized discards. Three collagen fractions are successfully isolated for the first time from the skin of M. Merluccius skin and bone discarded raw material: acid-soluble collagen (ASC) fraction 1 and pepsin-soluble collagen (PSC) fraction 2 from the skin and ASC fraction 3 from bones. The total collagen yield of the process is 13.55 ± 3.18% in a dry basis (g collagen/100 g of skin and bone fraction (SBF)) and 47.80 ± 9.83% (g collagen/100 g of collagen determined by the hydroxyproline content in SBF). The three fractions are further characterized by using different physical and chemical analysis techniques, with the conclusion drawn that the triple helix structure is preserved in the three fractions, although ASC fractions (F1 and F3) present more or stronger hydrogen bonds than the PSC fraction (F2). With the process herein presented, deboned and skinned hake specimens could represent an interesting source of high quality type I collagen, which could be useful as a raw material for the biomedical, cosmetic, and nutraceutical industries.
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Comparison of real-time PCR methods for quantification of European hake (Merluccius Merluccius) in processed food samples
Food chemistry, 2018Co-Authors: Antonio Higinio Sánchez, Javier Quinteiro, Ricardo I. Pérez-martín, José Antonio Vázquez, Carmen G. SoteloAbstract:Abstract The quantification of species in commercial products is limited by analytical shortcomings, as most of them provide semiquantitative results. An exception is real-time PCR, which can provide quantitative results using hybridization probes. In the present work, this technique has been applied to the absolute, absolute-relative and relative quantification of the most valued hake species in European markets, Merluccius Merluccius (European Hake). The best quantification results for this species in binary mixtures with non-target species (Merluccius capensis) and using a species-specific real-time PCR MMER_VIC system was achieved using a relative quantification approach (MLL as reference system). Absolute quantification using the MLL nuclear system has been demonstrated as appropriate for the quantification of the Merluccius genus in food model samples. This study reveals the impact of different reference systems (MLL and HAKE) in the absolute-relative and relative quantification approaches, showing that the nuclear MLL system performed better than the mitochondrial HAKE system.
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Identification of European Hake species (Merluccius Merluccius) using real-time PCR.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2009Co-Authors: Antonio Higinio Sánchez, Javier Quinteiro, Manuel Rey-méndez, Ricardo I. Pérez-martín, Carmen G. SoteloAbstract:A rapid and precise method for identifying European hake (Merluccius Merluccius) based on TaqMan technology is presented. The method can be applied to fresh, frozen, and processed fish products to detect the fraudulent or unintentional mislabeling of this species. Specific primers and a minor groove binding (MGB) TaqMan probe were designed for this purpose based on partial sequences of the mitochondrial DNA control region. Combinations of primers and probe concentrations that gave the lowest Ct value and the highest final fluorescence value were selected to carry out efficiency, specificity, and cross-reactivity assays. The method was successfully tested on 31 commercial hake samples. A Ct value of about 16 was obtained when Merluccius Merluccius was present; however, the fluorescence signal was not detected most of the time (Ct value 40) or presented significantly higher Ct values (38.2 ± 0.96) for the nonhake species.
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Trimethylamine oxide and derived compounds' changes during frozen storage of hake (Merluccius Merluccius)
Food Chemistry, 1995Co-Authors: Carmen G. Sotelo, José Manuel Gallardo, Carmen Piñeiro, Ricardo I. Pérez-martínAbstract:Changes in total volatile bases (TVB), dimethylamine (DMA), formaldehyde (FA), trimethylamine (TMA) and trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) of whole hake (Merluccius Merluccius L.) were evaluated at different temperatures of storage: −5, −12 and −20 °C. Significant changes in TVB, DMA, TMA, TMAO nitrogen and FA were observed at −5 °C. Only TMAO changed significantly at −12 °C and −20 °C. TMAO decrease was not, therefore, followed by DMA and/or TMA production at those temperatures.
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Changes in free amino acids of hake (Merluccius Merluccius L.) muscle during frozen storage/Cambios producidos en los aminoácidos libres del músculo de merluza (Merluccius Merluccius L.) durante su conservación en estado congelado
Food Science and Technology International, 1995Co-Authors: Carmen G. Sotelo, Santiago P Aubourg, José M. Franco, José Manuel GallardoAbstract:The effect of storage at subzero temperatures (-5°C, -12°C, and -20°C) on hake (Merluccius Merluccius L.) muscle free-amino acid fraction was evaluated. A significant increase in free aspartic acid, serine, threonine, arginine, β-alanine, tyrosine, methionine, valine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine, and lysine was found at -5°C, whereas at -12°C, a significant decrease in free glutamic acid, glycine, methyl-histidine, β-alanine, taurine, alanine, and leucine was the most noticeable. No changes in the free amino acid fraction were observed at -20°C. Activity of different kind of enzymes, aminopeptidases, aminoacid deaminases, and decarboxylases might be involved in the changes observed at -5°C and -12°C.
Francisco Soler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparative study of esterase activities in different tissues of marine fish species Trachurus trachurus, Merluccius Merluccius and Trisopterus luscus.
The Science of the total environment, 2019Co-Authors: Salomé Martínez-morcillo, Marcos Pérez-lópez, María Prado Míguez, Y. Valcárcel, Francisco SolerAbstract:Abstract Pesticides are one of the most frequently anthropogenic xenobiotics detected in water. Among these, the organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are very widely used in agriculture due to their broad spectrum of activity and their low price, but they also have high potent effects as neurotoxic compounds in non-target organisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate biomarkers acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), propionylcholinesterase (PChE) and carboxylesterase (CbE) in the representative Atlantic fish species Trachurus trachurus, Merluccius Merluccius and Trisopterus luscus from “Rias Gallegas”, a traditional Spanish fishing area. These esterase activities were evaluated in the brain, muscle and liver to determine the most adequate tissue to measure such enzymatic activities. The sensitivity of AChE and CbE activities from different tissues the widely used organophosphorus insecticide chlorpyrifos (CP), and its toxic metabolite (CP-oxon) was also tested. AChE activity was predominant in all tissues of the analysed species (particularly in brain constituting from 78.33%, 89.83% and 88.43% of total ChEs in Trachurus trachurus, Merluccius Merluccius and Trisopterus luscus, respectively). Under in vitro exposure, esterases were shown to be highly sensitive to CP and especially to CP-oxon. Moreover, a similar effect observed on AChE and CbE activities could suggest that CbE activity might contribute efficiently against the toxic effects of CP, especially in muscle and the liver. The presence of BChE, PChE and upper CbE activities in muscle and the liver and their OP-sensibilities can be used to study their function in the pesticide biochemical detoxification pathways with a prominent role as a safeguarding mechanism against pesticide toxicity.
José Ríos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Vertical distribution and feeding patterns of the juvenile European hake, Merluccius Merluccius in the NW Mediterranean
Fisheries Research, 2005Co-Authors: Anna Bozzano, Francisco Sardà, José RíosAbstract:Abstract Diel vertical migration of the European hake Merluccius Merluccius on the Catalan coast (north-western Mediterranean) was studied by pelagic trawls at a single location during two cycles of 24 h each. Diurnal bottom trawls were also employed to determine which part of the population performed vertical migration. The size range of the population caught by both nets did not match exactly, since very small individuals ( M. Merluccius were observed between pelagic and bottom trawl samples belonging to the same size range. Differences in the stomach fullness and in the state of digestion of the food between benthic and pelagic individuals were also noticed. These results suggest that feeding represented one of the possible constraint factors controlling the vertical migration of juvenile hake.
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Vertical distribution and feeding patterns of the juvenile European hake, Merluccius Merluccius in the NW Mediterranean
Fisheries Research, 2005Co-Authors: Anna Bozzano, Francesc Sardà, José RíosAbstract:8 pages, 2 figures, 3 tablesDiel vertical migration of the European hake Merluccius Merluccius on the Catalan coast (north-western Mediterranean) was studied by pelagic trawls at a single location during two cycles of 24 h each. Diurnal bottom trawls were also employed to determine which part of the population performed vertical migration. The size range of the population caught by both nets did not match exactly, since very small individuals (
Ricardo I. Pérez-martín - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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New Strategy to Cope with Common Fishery Policy Landing Obligation: Collagen Extraction from Skins and Bones of Undersized Hake (Merluccius Merluccius).
Polymers, 2019Co-Authors: Maria Blanco, Carmen G. Sotelo, Ricardo I. Pérez-martínAbstract:In order to promote sustainable fishing practices within European fishing fleets and to avoid the large waste of valuable fish biomass through the practice of fish discarding, the new reform of the common fisheries policy includes the obligation of landing all species under total allowable catch (TAC) regulations. The new policy also prohibits the use of specimens under minimum conservation reference size for direct human cons38umption. In this context, it is necessary to find new uses for undersized fish, which might help to alleviate the costs associated with the landing obligation but without prompting the creation of a market. European hake (EH) (Merluccius Merluccius), which is one of the most important commercial fish species for the Spanish fishing industry, with a total TAC for 2018 of 37,423 t, is used for this study. Consistent with the current policy framework and taking into account the commercial importance of this species, the aim of this work is to study a new strategy for the extraction of collagen from the skin and bone fraction of Merluccius Merluccius undersized discards. Three collagen fractions are successfully isolated for the first time from the skin of M. Merluccius skin and bone discarded raw material: acid-soluble collagen (ASC) fraction 1 and pepsin-soluble collagen (PSC) fraction 2 from the skin and ASC fraction 3 from bones. The total collagen yield of the process is 13.55 ± 3.18% in a dry basis (g collagen/100 g of skin and bone fraction (SBF)) and 47.80 ± 9.83% (g collagen/100 g of collagen determined by the hydroxyproline content in SBF). The three fractions are further characterized by using different physical and chemical analysis techniques, with the conclusion drawn that the triple helix structure is preserved in the three fractions, although ASC fractions (F1 and F3) present more or stronger hydrogen bonds than the PSC fraction (F2). With the process herein presented, deboned and skinned hake specimens could represent an interesting source of high quality type I collagen, which could be useful as a raw material for the biomedical, cosmetic, and nutraceutical industries.
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Comparison of real-time PCR methods for quantification of European hake (Merluccius Merluccius) in processed food samples
Food chemistry, 2018Co-Authors: Antonio Higinio Sánchez, Javier Quinteiro, Ricardo I. Pérez-martín, José Antonio Vázquez, Carmen G. SoteloAbstract:Abstract The quantification of species in commercial products is limited by analytical shortcomings, as most of them provide semiquantitative results. An exception is real-time PCR, which can provide quantitative results using hybridization probes. In the present work, this technique has been applied to the absolute, absolute-relative and relative quantification of the most valued hake species in European markets, Merluccius Merluccius (European Hake). The best quantification results for this species in binary mixtures with non-target species (Merluccius capensis) and using a species-specific real-time PCR MMER_VIC system was achieved using a relative quantification approach (MLL as reference system). Absolute quantification using the MLL nuclear system has been demonstrated as appropriate for the quantification of the Merluccius genus in food model samples. This study reveals the impact of different reference systems (MLL and HAKE) in the absolute-relative and relative quantification approaches, showing that the nuclear MLL system performed better than the mitochondrial HAKE system.
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Identification of European Hake species (Merluccius Merluccius) using real-time PCR.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2009Co-Authors: Antonio Higinio Sánchez, Javier Quinteiro, Manuel Rey-méndez, Ricardo I. Pérez-martín, Carmen G. SoteloAbstract:A rapid and precise method for identifying European hake (Merluccius Merluccius) based on TaqMan technology is presented. The method can be applied to fresh, frozen, and processed fish products to detect the fraudulent or unintentional mislabeling of this species. Specific primers and a minor groove binding (MGB) TaqMan probe were designed for this purpose based on partial sequences of the mitochondrial DNA control region. Combinations of primers and probe concentrations that gave the lowest Ct value and the highest final fluorescence value were selected to carry out efficiency, specificity, and cross-reactivity assays. The method was successfully tested on 31 commercial hake samples. A Ct value of about 16 was obtained when Merluccius Merluccius was present; however, the fluorescence signal was not detected most of the time (Ct value 40) or presented significantly higher Ct values (38.2 ± 0.96) for the nonhake species.
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Trimethylamine oxide and derived compounds' changes during frozen storage of hake (Merluccius Merluccius)
Food Chemistry, 1995Co-Authors: Carmen G. Sotelo, José Manuel Gallardo, Carmen Piñeiro, Ricardo I. Pérez-martínAbstract:Changes in total volatile bases (TVB), dimethylamine (DMA), formaldehyde (FA), trimethylamine (TMA) and trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) of whole hake (Merluccius Merluccius L.) were evaluated at different temperatures of storage: −5, −12 and −20 °C. Significant changes in TVB, DMA, TMA, TMAO nitrogen and FA were observed at −5 °C. Only TMAO changed significantly at −12 °C and −20 °C. TMAO decrease was not, therefore, followed by DMA and/or TMA production at those temperatures.
A. Bonanno - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mesoscale variability in the trophic ecology of the European hake Merluccius Merluccius in the Strait of Sicily.
Hydrobiologia, 2017Co-Authors: Emanuela Fanelli, P. Rumolo, Marco Barra, Gualtiero Basilone, Simona Genovese, A. BonannoAbstract:The European hake Merluccius Merluccius is one of the most important commercial species for the Mediterranean fisheries. In the Strait of Sicily, the species has some extended nursery areas, but its trophic ecology was not studied in detail, despite knowledge of the diet composition of fishes and their adaptability to food resource fluctuations is of major importance for the understanding of changes in fish abundance. In this study, we analyzed the trophic ecology of European hake by means of both stomach content and stable isotope analyses and correlated our results to environmental variables. According to both approaches, M. Merluccius showed a clear ontogenetic shift in its diet with juveniles (70–160 mm total length (TL)) mostly relying on mysids and euphausiids, and adults (>160 mm TL) chiefly consuming larger prey, such as pelagic fish and decapods. Based on Spearman rank correlation (for isotopic tracers) and distance-based linear models (for diet), the trophic ecology of the species seemed to be mostly influenced by mesoscale variability of water masses in the Strait of Sicily, being latitude and longitude, temperature and salinity, among the most important explanatory variables. Further, fluorescence, as a proxy of primary production, was an explanatory variable likely enhancing zooplankton availability and in turn affecting M. Merluccius diet.
