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Rita Triebskorn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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polystyrene microplastics do not affect juvenile brown trout salmo trutta f fario or modulate effects of the pesticide Methiocarb
Environmental Sciences Europe, 2020Co-Authors: Hannah Schmieg, Sven Huppertsberg, Thomas P. Knepper, Stefanie Krais, Katharina Reitter, Felicitas Rezbach, Aki S. Ruhl, Heinz R. Köhler, Rita TriebskornAbstract:There has been a rising interest within the scientific community and the public about the environmental risk related to the abundance of microplastics in aquatic environments. Up to now, however, scientific knowledge in this context has been scarce and insufficient for a reliable risk assessment. To remedy this scarcity of data, we investigated possible adverse effects of polystyrene particles (104 particles/L) and the pesticide Methiocarb (1 mg/L) in juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) both by themselves as well as in combination after a 96 h laboratory exposure. PS beads (density 1.05 g/mL) were cryogenically milled and fractionated resulting in irregular-shaped particles (< 50 µm). Besides body weight of the animals, biomarkers for proteotoxicity (stress protein family Hsp70), oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation), and neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase, carboxylesterases) were analyzed. As an indicator of overall health, histopathological effects were studied in liver and gills of exposed fish. Polystyrene particles by themselves did not influence any of the investigated biomarkers. In contrast, the exposure to Methiocarb led to a significant reduction of the activity of acetylcholinesterase and the two carboxylesterases. Moreover, the tissue integrity of liver and gills was impaired by the pesticide. Body weight, the oxidative stress and the stress protein levels were not influenced by Methiocarb. Effects caused by co-exposure of polystyrene microplastics and Methiocarb were the same as those caused by Methiocarb alone. Overall, Methiocarb led to negative effects in juvenile brown trout. In contrast, polystyrene microplastics in the tested concentration did not affect the health of juvenile brown trout and did not modulate the toxicity of Methiocarb in this fish species.
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Polystyrene microplastics do not affect juvenile brow trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) or modulate effect of the pesticide Methiocarb
2020Co-Authors: Hannah Schmieg, Sven Huppertsberg, Thomas P. Knepper, Stefanie Krais, Katharina Reitter, Felicitas Rezbach, Aki S. Ruhl, Heinz R. Köhler, Rita TriebskornAbstract:Abstract Background There has been a rising interest within the scientific community and the public about the environmental risk related to the abundance of microplastics in aquatic environments. Up to now, however, scientific knowledge in this context has been scarce and insufficient for a reliable risk assessment. To remedy this scarcity of data, we investigated possible adverse effects of polystyrene particles (10^4 particles/L) and the pesticide Methiocarb (1 mg/L) in juvenile brow trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) both by themselves as well as in combination after a 96 h laboratory exposure. PS beads (density 1.05 g/mL) were cryogenically milled and fractionated resulting in irregular shaped particles (<50 µm). Besides body weight of the animals, biomarkers for proteotoxicity (stress protein family Hsp70), oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation), and neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase, carboxylesterases) were analysed. As an indicator of overall health, histopathological effects were studied in liver and gills of exposed fish. Results Polystyrene particles by themselves did not influence any of the investigated biomarkers. In contrast, the exposure to Methiocarb led to a significant reduction of the activity of acetylcholinesterase and the two carboxylesterases. Moreover, the tissue integrity of liver and gills was impaired by the pesticide. Body weight, the oxidative stress and the stress protein levels were not influenced by Methiocarb. Effects caused by co-exposure of polystyrene microplastics and Methiocarb were the same as those caused by Methiocarb alone. Conclusions Overall, Methiocarb led to negative effects in juvenile brown trout. In contrast, polystyrene microplastics in the tested concentration did not affect the health of juvenile brown trout and did not modulate the toxicity of Methiocarb in this fish species.
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Do polystyrene microplastics affect juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) and modulate effects of the pesticide Methiocarb?
2019Co-Authors: Hannah Schmieg, Sven Huppertsberg, Thomas P. Knepper, Stefanie Krais, Katharina Reitter, Felicitas Rezbach, Aki S. Ruhl, Heinz R. Köhler, Rita TriebskornAbstract:Abstract Background During the last decade, there has been rising interest of the scientific community and the public in the environmental risk related to the abundance of microplastics in aquatic environments. Besides potential effects of the particles themselves, also their interaction with organic micropollutants is of particular concern. Up to now, however, scientific knowledge in this context is scarce and insufficient for a reliable risk assessment. This is especially true for data on microplastics in freshwater ecosystems.Results Against the background of this shortage, we investigated possible adverse effects of polystyrene particles (10 4 particles/L) and the pesticide Methiocarb (1 mg/L) both alone as well as in combination in juvenile brown trout ( Salmo trutta f. fario ) after a 96 h laboratory exposure. PS beads (density 1.05 g/mL) were cryogenically milled and fractionated resulting in irregular shaped particles (<50 µm). Besides body weight of the animals, biomarkers for proteotoxicity (stress protein family Hsp70), oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation) and neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase, carboxylesterases) were analysed. As an indicator of overall health histopathological effects were studied in liver and gills of exposed fish. Polystyrene particles alone did not influence any of the investigated biomarkers. In contrast, the exposure to Methiocarb led to a significant reduction of the activity of acetylcholinesterase and the two carboxylesterases. Moreover, the tissue integrity of liver and gills was impaired by the pesticide. Body weight, the oxidative stress and the stress protein levels were not influenced by Methiocarb. Effects caused by the mixture of polystyrene microplastics and Methiocarb were the same as those caused by Methiocarb alone.Conclusions Overall, Methiocarb led to strong effects in juvenile brown trout. In contrast, polystyrene microplastics in the tested concentration did not negatively affect the health of juvenile brown trout and did not modulate the toxicity of Methiocarb in this fish species.
Aki S. Ruhl - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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polystyrene microplastics do not affect juvenile brown trout salmo trutta f fario or modulate effects of the pesticide Methiocarb
Environmental Sciences Europe, 2020Co-Authors: Hannah Schmieg, Sven Huppertsberg, Thomas P. Knepper, Stefanie Krais, Katharina Reitter, Felicitas Rezbach, Aki S. Ruhl, Heinz R. Köhler, Rita TriebskornAbstract:There has been a rising interest within the scientific community and the public about the environmental risk related to the abundance of microplastics in aquatic environments. Up to now, however, scientific knowledge in this context has been scarce and insufficient for a reliable risk assessment. To remedy this scarcity of data, we investigated possible adverse effects of polystyrene particles (104 particles/L) and the pesticide Methiocarb (1 mg/L) in juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) both by themselves as well as in combination after a 96 h laboratory exposure. PS beads (density 1.05 g/mL) were cryogenically milled and fractionated resulting in irregular-shaped particles (< 50 µm). Besides body weight of the animals, biomarkers for proteotoxicity (stress protein family Hsp70), oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation), and neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase, carboxylesterases) were analyzed. As an indicator of overall health, histopathological effects were studied in liver and gills of exposed fish. Polystyrene particles by themselves did not influence any of the investigated biomarkers. In contrast, the exposure to Methiocarb led to a significant reduction of the activity of acetylcholinesterase and the two carboxylesterases. Moreover, the tissue integrity of liver and gills was impaired by the pesticide. Body weight, the oxidative stress and the stress protein levels were not influenced by Methiocarb. Effects caused by co-exposure of polystyrene microplastics and Methiocarb were the same as those caused by Methiocarb alone. Overall, Methiocarb led to negative effects in juvenile brown trout. In contrast, polystyrene microplastics in the tested concentration did not affect the health of juvenile brown trout and did not modulate the toxicity of Methiocarb in this fish species.
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Polystyrene microplastics do not affect juvenile brow trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) or modulate effect of the pesticide Methiocarb
2020Co-Authors: Hannah Schmieg, Sven Huppertsberg, Thomas P. Knepper, Stefanie Krais, Katharina Reitter, Felicitas Rezbach, Aki S. Ruhl, Heinz R. Köhler, Rita TriebskornAbstract:Abstract Background There has been a rising interest within the scientific community and the public about the environmental risk related to the abundance of microplastics in aquatic environments. Up to now, however, scientific knowledge in this context has been scarce and insufficient for a reliable risk assessment. To remedy this scarcity of data, we investigated possible adverse effects of polystyrene particles (10^4 particles/L) and the pesticide Methiocarb (1 mg/L) in juvenile brow trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) both by themselves as well as in combination after a 96 h laboratory exposure. PS beads (density 1.05 g/mL) were cryogenically milled and fractionated resulting in irregular shaped particles (<50 µm). Besides body weight of the animals, biomarkers for proteotoxicity (stress protein family Hsp70), oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation), and neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase, carboxylesterases) were analysed. As an indicator of overall health, histopathological effects were studied in liver and gills of exposed fish. Results Polystyrene particles by themselves did not influence any of the investigated biomarkers. In contrast, the exposure to Methiocarb led to a significant reduction of the activity of acetylcholinesterase and the two carboxylesterases. Moreover, the tissue integrity of liver and gills was impaired by the pesticide. Body weight, the oxidative stress and the stress protein levels were not influenced by Methiocarb. Effects caused by co-exposure of polystyrene microplastics and Methiocarb were the same as those caused by Methiocarb alone. Conclusions Overall, Methiocarb led to negative effects in juvenile brown trout. In contrast, polystyrene microplastics in the tested concentration did not affect the health of juvenile brown trout and did not modulate the toxicity of Methiocarb in this fish species.
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Do polystyrene microplastics affect juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) and modulate effects of the pesticide Methiocarb?
2019Co-Authors: Hannah Schmieg, Sven Huppertsberg, Thomas P. Knepper, Stefanie Krais, Katharina Reitter, Felicitas Rezbach, Aki S. Ruhl, Heinz R. Köhler, Rita TriebskornAbstract:Abstract Background During the last decade, there has been rising interest of the scientific community and the public in the environmental risk related to the abundance of microplastics in aquatic environments. Besides potential effects of the particles themselves, also their interaction with organic micropollutants is of particular concern. Up to now, however, scientific knowledge in this context is scarce and insufficient for a reliable risk assessment. This is especially true for data on microplastics in freshwater ecosystems.Results Against the background of this shortage, we investigated possible adverse effects of polystyrene particles (10 4 particles/L) and the pesticide Methiocarb (1 mg/L) both alone as well as in combination in juvenile brown trout ( Salmo trutta f. fario ) after a 96 h laboratory exposure. PS beads (density 1.05 g/mL) were cryogenically milled and fractionated resulting in irregular shaped particles (<50 µm). Besides body weight of the animals, biomarkers for proteotoxicity (stress protein family Hsp70), oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation) and neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase, carboxylesterases) were analysed. As an indicator of overall health histopathological effects were studied in liver and gills of exposed fish. Polystyrene particles alone did not influence any of the investigated biomarkers. In contrast, the exposure to Methiocarb led to a significant reduction of the activity of acetylcholinesterase and the two carboxylesterases. Moreover, the tissue integrity of liver and gills was impaired by the pesticide. Body weight, the oxidative stress and the stress protein levels were not influenced by Methiocarb. Effects caused by the mixture of polystyrene microplastics and Methiocarb were the same as those caused by Methiocarb alone.Conclusions Overall, Methiocarb led to strong effects in juvenile brown trout. In contrast, polystyrene microplastics in the tested concentration did not negatively affect the health of juvenile brown trout and did not modulate the toxicity of Methiocarb in this fish species.
Hannah Schmieg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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polystyrene microplastics do not affect juvenile brown trout salmo trutta f fario or modulate effects of the pesticide Methiocarb
Environmental Sciences Europe, 2020Co-Authors: Hannah Schmieg, Sven Huppertsberg, Thomas P. Knepper, Stefanie Krais, Katharina Reitter, Felicitas Rezbach, Aki S. Ruhl, Heinz R. Köhler, Rita TriebskornAbstract:There has been a rising interest within the scientific community and the public about the environmental risk related to the abundance of microplastics in aquatic environments. Up to now, however, scientific knowledge in this context has been scarce and insufficient for a reliable risk assessment. To remedy this scarcity of data, we investigated possible adverse effects of polystyrene particles (104 particles/L) and the pesticide Methiocarb (1 mg/L) in juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) both by themselves as well as in combination after a 96 h laboratory exposure. PS beads (density 1.05 g/mL) were cryogenically milled and fractionated resulting in irregular-shaped particles (< 50 µm). Besides body weight of the animals, biomarkers for proteotoxicity (stress protein family Hsp70), oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation), and neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase, carboxylesterases) were analyzed. As an indicator of overall health, histopathological effects were studied in liver and gills of exposed fish. Polystyrene particles by themselves did not influence any of the investigated biomarkers. In contrast, the exposure to Methiocarb led to a significant reduction of the activity of acetylcholinesterase and the two carboxylesterases. Moreover, the tissue integrity of liver and gills was impaired by the pesticide. Body weight, the oxidative stress and the stress protein levels were not influenced by Methiocarb. Effects caused by co-exposure of polystyrene microplastics and Methiocarb were the same as those caused by Methiocarb alone. Overall, Methiocarb led to negative effects in juvenile brown trout. In contrast, polystyrene microplastics in the tested concentration did not affect the health of juvenile brown trout and did not modulate the toxicity of Methiocarb in this fish species.
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Polystyrene microplastics do not affect juvenile brow trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) or modulate effect of the pesticide Methiocarb
2020Co-Authors: Hannah Schmieg, Sven Huppertsberg, Thomas P. Knepper, Stefanie Krais, Katharina Reitter, Felicitas Rezbach, Aki S. Ruhl, Heinz R. Köhler, Rita TriebskornAbstract:Abstract Background There has been a rising interest within the scientific community and the public about the environmental risk related to the abundance of microplastics in aquatic environments. Up to now, however, scientific knowledge in this context has been scarce and insufficient for a reliable risk assessment. To remedy this scarcity of data, we investigated possible adverse effects of polystyrene particles (10^4 particles/L) and the pesticide Methiocarb (1 mg/L) in juvenile brow trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) both by themselves as well as in combination after a 96 h laboratory exposure. PS beads (density 1.05 g/mL) were cryogenically milled and fractionated resulting in irregular shaped particles (<50 µm). Besides body weight of the animals, biomarkers for proteotoxicity (stress protein family Hsp70), oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation), and neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase, carboxylesterases) were analysed. As an indicator of overall health, histopathological effects were studied in liver and gills of exposed fish. Results Polystyrene particles by themselves did not influence any of the investigated biomarkers. In contrast, the exposure to Methiocarb led to a significant reduction of the activity of acetylcholinesterase and the two carboxylesterases. Moreover, the tissue integrity of liver and gills was impaired by the pesticide. Body weight, the oxidative stress and the stress protein levels were not influenced by Methiocarb. Effects caused by co-exposure of polystyrene microplastics and Methiocarb were the same as those caused by Methiocarb alone. Conclusions Overall, Methiocarb led to negative effects in juvenile brown trout. In contrast, polystyrene microplastics in the tested concentration did not affect the health of juvenile brown trout and did not modulate the toxicity of Methiocarb in this fish species.
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Do polystyrene microplastics affect juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) and modulate effects of the pesticide Methiocarb?
2019Co-Authors: Hannah Schmieg, Sven Huppertsberg, Thomas P. Knepper, Stefanie Krais, Katharina Reitter, Felicitas Rezbach, Aki S. Ruhl, Heinz R. Köhler, Rita TriebskornAbstract:Abstract Background During the last decade, there has been rising interest of the scientific community and the public in the environmental risk related to the abundance of microplastics in aquatic environments. Besides potential effects of the particles themselves, also their interaction with organic micropollutants is of particular concern. Up to now, however, scientific knowledge in this context is scarce and insufficient for a reliable risk assessment. This is especially true for data on microplastics in freshwater ecosystems.Results Against the background of this shortage, we investigated possible adverse effects of polystyrene particles (10 4 particles/L) and the pesticide Methiocarb (1 mg/L) both alone as well as in combination in juvenile brown trout ( Salmo trutta f. fario ) after a 96 h laboratory exposure. PS beads (density 1.05 g/mL) were cryogenically milled and fractionated resulting in irregular shaped particles (<50 µm). Besides body weight of the animals, biomarkers for proteotoxicity (stress protein family Hsp70), oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation) and neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase, carboxylesterases) were analysed. As an indicator of overall health histopathological effects were studied in liver and gills of exposed fish. Polystyrene particles alone did not influence any of the investigated biomarkers. In contrast, the exposure to Methiocarb led to a significant reduction of the activity of acetylcholinesterase and the two carboxylesterases. Moreover, the tissue integrity of liver and gills was impaired by the pesticide. Body weight, the oxidative stress and the stress protein levels were not influenced by Methiocarb. Effects caused by the mixture of polystyrene microplastics and Methiocarb were the same as those caused by Methiocarb alone.Conclusions Overall, Methiocarb led to strong effects in juvenile brown trout. In contrast, polystyrene microplastics in the tested concentration did not negatively affect the health of juvenile brown trout and did not modulate the toxicity of Methiocarb in this fish species.
Sten E. Jensen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mechanisms Associated with Methiocarb Resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
Journal of Economic Entomology, 2000Co-Authors: Sten E. JensenAbstract:Biochemical mechanisms associated with Methiocarb resistance were examined in laboratory-selected and field populations of the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). Seven populations were examined and they differed in their susceptibility to Methiocarb by 30 times. Including the synergists piperonyl butoxide, a cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase inhibitor, or S,S,S-tributylphosphorotrithioate, an esterase inhibitor, in the Methiocarb bioassays partially suppressed resistance in the most resistant populations. In vitro assays of general esterase, glutathione S-transferase, and acetylcholinesterase activities showed increased activity in some of the resistant populations and increased activity of the enzymes after Methiocarb selection on one of the populations. Assays of acetylcholinesterase sensitivity to inhibition by Methiocarb, dichlorvos, and eserine suggested insensitive acetylcholinesterase in two of the resistant populations. These results indicate that Methiocarb resistance in F. occidentalis was polyfactorial and involved detoxification and altered target site. None of the biochemical assays showed interpopulation enzymatic differences strongly correlated with the level of Methiocarb resistance. The possibilities for developing rapid biochemical diagnostic assays to detect Methiocarb resistance in F. occidentalis are discussed.
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Acetylcholinesterase activity associated with Methiocarb resistance in a strain of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)
Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 1998Co-Authors: Sten E. JensenAbstract:Abstract A strain of western flower thrips ( Frankliniella occidentalis ) with resistance to Methiocarb was collected from a Danish greenhouse for investigation of possible resistance mechanisms. Bioassays with Methiocarb showed moderate (10-fold) resistance at LC 50 in the greenhouse-collected strain compared to a susceptible laboratory strain. Piperonyl butoxide, a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase inhibitor, showed no synergistic effect on the tolerance level to Methiocarb. In vitro assays of enzyme activities showed significantly increased activity of acetylcholinesterase (2.6-fold), general esterases (1.3-fold), and glutathione S -transferases (1.2-fold) in the resistant strain. Assays of acetylcholinesterase sensitivity to inhibition by Methiocarb, dichlorvos, and eserine showed no indications of insensitive acetylcholinesterase in the resistant strain. These results indicated that increased activity of acetylcholinesterase contributed to Methiocarb resistance in the resistant strain. The slightly increased activity of general esterases and glutathione S -transferases may also have contributed to Methiocarb resistance.
Sibel Ozden - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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EFFECTS OF TAURINE AND VITAMIN E ON LIPID PEROXIDATION, ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM AND HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN WISTAR RAT LIVER AND KIDNEY AFTER SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE OF Methiocarb
2016Co-Authors: Sibel Ozden, Sehnaz Bolkent, Selda Gezginci-oktayoglu, Pelin Arda-pirincci, Ayse Karatug, Buket Alpertunga, Effects Of Taurine, Vitamin On Lipid E PeroxidationAbstract:The present work was designed to examine possible effects of Methiocarb on lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione (GSH), antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide distumtase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) ve glutathione reductase (GSH-Rd) and histological changes in Wistar albino rats after 5-day exposure. Moreover, we evaluated possible protective effects of vitamin E and taurine on Methiocarb-induced oxidative damage. Fourty-eight rats were randomly divided into six groups as follows: control; Methiocarb; vitamin E; vitamin E+Methiocarb; taurine and taurine+Methiocarb. 5-day exposure of Methiocarb (1/10 of LD50) significantly increased lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney when compared to control group. Levels of GSH and activities of SOD and CAT were found to be decreased, while GSH-Px increased and GSH-Rd remained unchanged in rat tissues treated with Methiocarb. Pre-treatment of vitamin E (100 mg/kg b.w.) and taurine (50 mg/kg b.w.) resulted in a significant decrease on lipid peroxidation, alleviating effects on GSH and antioxidant enzymes. Administration of Methiocarb caused to the degenerative changes i
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EFFECTS OF TAURINE AND VITAMIN E ON LIPID PEROXIDATION, ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM AND HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN WISTAR RAT LIVER AND KIDNEY AFTER SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE OF Methiocarb
Journal of Faculty Pharmacy of Istanbul University, 2012Co-Authors: Sibel Ozden, Sehnaz Bolkent, S. Gezginci-ok S. Ozden, Selda Gezginci-oktayoglu, Pelin Arda-pirincci, Ayse Karatug, B. AlperAbstract:SUMMARY The present work was designed to examine possible effects of Methiocarb on lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione (GSH), antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide distumtase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) ve glutathione reductase (GSH-Rd) and histological changes in Wistar albino rats after 5-day exposure. Moreover, we evaluated possible protective effects of vitamin E and taurine on Methiocarb-induced oxidative damage. Fourty-eight rats were randomly divided into six groups as follows: control; Methiocarb; vitamin E; vitamin E+Methiocarb; taurine and taurine+Methiocarb. 5-day exposure of Methiocarb (1/10 of LD50) significantly increased lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney when compared to control group. Levels of GSH and activities of SOD and CAT were found to be decreased, while GSH-Px increased and GSH-Rd remained unchanged in rat tissues treated with Methiocarb. Pre-treatment of vitamin E (100 mg/kg b.w.) and taurine (50 mg/kg b.w.) resulted in a significant decrease on lipid peroxidation, alleviating effects on GSH and antioxidant enzymes. Administration of Methiocarb caused to the degenerative changes in liver and kidney tissues. Pre-treatment of vitamin E and taurine were partially protected both tissues against Methiocarb-induced liver and kidney injury. In conclusion, the study has demonstrated that 5-day Methiocarb exposure in Wistar rats caused oxidative damage on liver and kidney which were partly ameliorated by pre-treatment of vitamin E and taurine. Key words: Methiocarb; Taurine; Vitamin E; Lipid peroxidation; Antioxidant system; Histological changes
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Effects of Methiocarb on lipid peroxidation and glutathione level in rat tissues.
Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2009Co-Authors: Sibel Ozden, Buket AlpertungaAbstract:Methiocarb is an N-methylcarbamate insecticide used worldwide in agriculture and health programs. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible effects of Methiocarb to induce lipid peroxidation (LPO) in tissues of male Wistar rats following single and repeated oral exposures. Animals were divided into six different groups, and Methiocarb was administered by orally at doses 25, 10, and 2 mg/kg body weight for 1, 5, and 28 days, respectively. Liver, kidney, brain, and testis tissues were taken from the rats for the biochemical examinations. LPO and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were determined in the tissues. LPO was significantly increased in liver, kidney, brain, and testis after 1-, 5-, and 28-day treatments of methio carb. GSH levels were significantly increased in the 1-day period and significantly decreased in the 5- and 28-day periods in all tissues after Methiocarb administration. It is concluded that Methiocarb may induce LPO and produce disturbances on the GSH levels in liver, kidney, testis, and brain of rats. This suggests that Methiocarb-induced toxicity may be associated with oxidative stress to cellular membranes. Further studies are required to better understand the role of oxidative stress on Methiocarb-induced toxicity.
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Methiocarb-induced oxidative damage following subacute exposure and the protective effects of vitamin E and taurine in rats.
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2009Co-Authors: Sibel Ozden, Sehnaz Bolkent, Selda Gezginci-oktayoglu, Pelin Arda-pirincci, Betul Catalgol, Buket AlpertungaAbstract:Abstract Methiocarb, is used worldwide in agriculture and health programs. Besides its advantages in the agriculture, it causes several toxic effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate subacute effects of Methiocarb on lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione (GSH), antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione reductase (GSH-Rd) and histopathological changes in rat tissues. Moreover, we examined the possible protective effects of vitamin E and taurine on Methiocarb-induced oxidative damage in rat tissues. Rats were randomly divided into six groups as follows; I-control group; II-Methiocarb group; III-vitamin E group; IV-vitamin E + Methiocarb group; V-taurine group and VI-taurine + Methiocarb group. Methiocarb significantly increased lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney when compared to control groups. Levels of GSH and activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px were found to be decreased, while GSH-Rd remained unchanged in rat liver and kidney treated with Methiocarb. Pretreatment of vitamin E and taurine resulted in a significant decrease on lipid peroxidation, alleviating effects on GSH and antioxidant enzymes. The degenerative histological changes were less in liver than kidney of rats treated with Methiocarb. Pretreatment of vitamin E and taurine showed a protective effect on the histological changes in kidney comparing to the liver of rats treated with Methiocarb.