The Experts below are selected from a list of 306 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Todd E Shelly - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pre release consumption of Methyl Eugenol increases the mating competitiveness of sterile males of the oriental fruit fly bactrocera dorsalis in large field enclosures
Journal of Insect Science, 2010Co-Authors: Todd E Shelly, Donald O McinnisAbstract:The sterile insect technique may be implemented to control populations of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), when environmental concerns preclude widespread use of chemical attractants or toxicants. The goal of the present study was to evaluate whether the mating competitiveness of sterile B. dorsalis males could be increased via pre-release feeding on Methyl Eugenol. Males of the oriental fruit fly are strongly attracted to this plant-borne compound, which they ingest and use in the synthesis of the sex pheromone. Previous studies conducted in the laboratory and small field-cages have shown that males given Methyl Eugenol produce a more attractive pheromone for females and have a higher mating success rate than males denied Methyl Eugenol. Here, levels of egg sterility were compared following the release of wild-like flies and either Methyl Eugenol-fed (treated) or Methyl Eugenol-deprived (control) sterile males in large field enclosures at four over flooding ratios ranging from 5:1 to 60:1 (sterile: wild-like males). Treated sterile males were fed Methyl Eugenol for 1–4 h (depending on the over flooding ratio tested) 3 d prior to release. Eggs were dissected from introduced fruits (apples), incubated in the laboratory, and scored for hatch rate. The effect of Methyl Eugenol was most pronounced at lower over flooding ratios. At the 5:1 and 10:1 over flooding ratios, the level of egg sterility observed for treated, sterile males was significantly greater than that observed for control, sterile males. In addition, the incidence of egg sterility reported for treated sterile males at these lower over flooding ratios was similar to that noted for treated or control sterile males at the 30:1 or 60:1 over flooding ratios. This latter result, in particular, suggests that pre-release feeding on Methyl Eugenol allows for a reduction in the number of sterile flies that are produced and released, thus increasing the cost-effectiveness of the sterile insect technique.
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larval and adult feeding on Methyl Eugenol and the mating success of male oriental fruit flies bactrocera dorsalis
Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata, 2004Co-Authors: Todd E Shelly, Ritsuo NishidaAbstract:Males of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), are strongly attracted to Methyl Eugenol, a compound found in many plant species (Tan & Nishida, 1996). Laboratory studies have shown that B. dorsalis males that have fed on pure Methyl Eugenol (Shelly & Dewire, 1994; Tan & Nishida, 1996), or flowers containing Methyl Eugenol (Shelly, 2000) have a mating advantage over males denied this compound. Nishida et al. (1988) and Tan & Nishida (1996) have demonstrated that, after adult feeding, phenylpropanoid metabolites of Methyl Eugenol (in particular, 2-allyl-4,5-dimethoxyphenol and coniferyl alcohol) accumulate in the rectal glands, where they are used in the synthesis of the male sex pheromone. Additional work (Shelly, 1995) revealed that the ingestion of Methyl Eugenol by mass-reared males of B. dorsalis males increases their mating competitiveness relative to wild males in laboratory cages, suggesting that pre-release exposure to Methyl Eugenol might be used to increase the effectiveness of the sterile insect technique (SIT) against this species. However, the high density of flies in holding containers may restrict access to a Methyl Eugenol source by individual males, and thus diminish the effectiveness of the exposure protocol. The main objective of this study was to assess whether feeding Methyl Eugenol to the larvae of a mass-reared strain of B. dorsalis would result in an increased mating success of the subsequently emerged males, thus circumventing the aforementioned access problem associated with adult feeding. In addition, for males fed Methyl Eugenol as larvae, chemical analyses were performed on the contents of their rectal glands to detect the presence of metabolites of the Methyl Eugenol used in pheromone synthesis. Moreover, because all previous work examining the effect of Methyl Eugenol on male mating success had been conducted in small laboratory cages (Shelly & Dewire, 1994; Tan & Nishida, 1996), we tested the effect of adult exposure using field cages to confirm a Methyl Eugenol-mediated mating advantage under more natural conditions.
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feeding on Methyl Eugenol and fagraea berteriana flowers increases long range female attraction by males of the oriental fruit fly diptera tephritidae
Florida Entomologist, 2001Co-Authors: Todd E ShellyAbstract:Males of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), are strongly attracted to Methyl Eugenol. Recent evidence indicates that treated males fed Methyl Eugenol have higher mating success and signaling (wing-fanning) activity than control (unfed) males. Chemical analyses have further shown that metabolites of Methyl Eugenol are incorporated into the male sex pheromone, and laboratory tests revealed that, at least over short distances (<2 m), the pheromonal signals of Methyl Eugenol-fed males are more attractive to females than those of unfed males. The main goal of the present study was to determine whether feeding on Methyl Eugenol or flowers of Fagraea berteriana A. Gray that contain a Methyl Eugenol-like compound increases the long-distance attractiveness of male B. dorsalis under field conditions. Male aggregations, composed of either treated or control males, were established on orange trees, females were released from a central point (12 m from the male groups), and male wing-fanning and female visitation were recorded. For both Methyl Eugenol and F. berteriana flowers, aggregations of treated males had higher wing-fanning levels and attracted more females on both an absolute (total female sightings per male group) and relative (female sightings per wing-fanning male per group) basis than aggregations of control males. In an additional laboratory experiment, males that fed upon F. berteriana flowers were found to be more attractive to females over short distances (<2 m) than control males, consistent with results from other Methyl Eugenol-containing plant species.
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FEEDING ON Methyl Eugenol AND FAGRAEA BERTERIANA FLOWERS INCREASES LONG-RANGE FEMALE ATTRACTION BY MALES OF THE ORIENTAL FRUIT FLY (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE)
Florida Entomologist, 2001Co-Authors: Todd E ShellyAbstract:Males of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), are strongly attracted to Methyl Eugenol. Recent evidence indicates that treated males fed Methyl Eugenol have higher mating success and signaling (wing-fanning) activity than control (unfed) males. Chemical analyses have further shown that metabolites of Methyl Eugenol are incorporated into the male sex pheromone, and laboratory tests revealed that, at least over short distances (
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fecundity of female oriental fruit flies diptera tephritidae effects of Methyl Eugenol fed and multiple mates
Annals of The Entomological Society of America, 2000Co-Authors: Todd E ShellyAbstract:Females of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), show a strong mating preference for males that have fed previously on Methyl Eugenol, a compound occurring naturally in various plant families. The current study compared fecundity and fertility (proportion of eggs hatching) of individual females mated to Methyl Eugenol-deprived males (control) or Methyl Eugenol-fed males (treated). Based on data collected over an 8-wk period, no differences were detected in female survival, fecundity, or fertility between females mated to control or treated males. In a second experiment, female remating frequency was monitored, and the fecundity of singly versus multiply mated females was compared. Approximately 50% of females remated over 8 wk, and multiple maters laid significantly more eggs than did single maters. Possible explanations for the female preference for Methyl Eugenol-fed males and the difference in fecundity observed between singly and multiply mated females are discussed.
Eric B Jang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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attraction of nontarget insects to a monofluoro analog of Methyl Eugenol in california
Pan-pacific Entomologist, 2016Co-Authors: Robert V Dowell, Eric B JangAbstract:Abstract. This study evaluated the attraction of insects previously shown to be attracted to Methyl Eugenol to a monofluorinated analog of Methyl Eugenol. Orchesia Latreille, 1807 (Coleoptera: Melandryidae), an Empis Linneaus, 1758 (Diptera: Empididae) and six Syrphidae (Diptera) (Allograpta obliqua (Say,1823), Blera scitula Williston, 1881, Hadromyia pulchra Williston, 1882, Ferdinandea Rondani, 1884, Melanosoma mellinum (Linnaeus, 1758) and Platycheirus LePeleteier & Serville, 1828) previously shown to be attracted to Methyl Eugenol were found to be attracted to the monofluorinated Methyl Eugenol analog. Three additional Diptera: Syrphidae. Dasysyrphus Enderlien ,1938, Pseudoscaeva diversifasciatus Knab, 1914 and Blera humeralis Williston, 1882) were deemed to be attracted to the monofluorinated Methyl Eugenol. A number of insects attracted to Methyl Eugenol were not attracted to monofluorinated Methyl Eugenol including Diptera in Lauxaniidae, Scatopsidae, Mycetophilidae, and Drosphilidae, Lepidoptera i...
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field estimates of attraction of ceratitis capitata to trimedlure and bactrocera dorsalis diptera tephritidae to Methyl Eugenol in varying environments
Environmental Entomology, 2015Co-Authors: Nicholas C Manoukis, Matthew S Siderhurst, Eric B JangAbstract:ABSTRACT Measuring and modeling the attractiveness of semiochemical-baited traps is of significant importance to detection, delimitation, and control of invasive pests. Here, we describe the results of field mark—release—recapture experiments with Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) and Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) to estimate the relationship between distance from a trap baited with trimedlure and Methyl Eugenol, respectively, and probability of capture for a receptive male insect. Experiments were conducted using a grid of traps with a central release point at two sites on Hawaii Island, a Macadamia orchard on the East side of the island and a lava field on theWest side.We found that for B. dorsalis and Methyl Eugenol there is a 65% probability of capture at ∼36m from a single trap, regardless of habitat. For C. capitata, we found a 65% probability of capture at a distance of ∼14m from a single trap in the orchard and 7 m in the lava field. We also present results on the spatial and temporal pattern of recap...
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performance of Methyl Eugenol matrix toxicant combinations under field conditions in hawaii and california for trapping bactrocera dorsalis diptera tephritidae
Journal of Economic Entomology, 2013Co-Authors: Eric B Jang, Amanda Ramsey, Lori CarvalhoAbstract:The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) is a major pest of many fruit crops worldwide. Current detection programs by federal and state agencies in the United States use a grid of traps consisting of liquid Methyl Eugenol (lure) and naled (toxicant) applied to cotton wicks and hung inside the trap. In recent years efforts have been made to incorporate these chemicals into various solid-type matrices that could be individually packaged to reduce human exposure to the chemicals and improve handling. New solid formulations containing Methyl Eugenol and either naled or dichlorovinyl diMethyl phosphate toxicants were compared with the standard formulations on cotton wicks in large scale field evaluation in Hawaii. Two reduced risk toxicants (spinosad and Rynaxypyr) were also evaluated. In one test the solid lure-toxicant-matrix combinations were sent to California to be weathered under California climate conditions and then sent back to Hawaii for evaluation. The polymer matrices with lure and toxicant were found to be as attractive as baited wicks and have the same longevity of attraction regardless of being weathered in Hawaii or in California. The new ingestible toxicants were also effective, although further testing of these ingestible lure + toxicant + matrix products is necessary.
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Performance of Methyl Eugenol + matrix + toxicant combinations under field conditions in Hawaii and California for trapping Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae).
Journal of Economic Entomology, 2013Co-Authors: Eric B Jang, Amanda Ramsey, Lori A. CarvalhoAbstract:The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) is a major pest of many fruit crops worldwide. Current detection programs by federal and state agencies in the United States use a grid of traps consisting of liquid Methyl Eugenol (lure) and naled (toxicant) applied to cotton wicks and hung inside the trap. In recent years efforts have been made to incorporate these chemicals into various solid-type matrices that could be individually packaged to reduce human exposure to the chemicals and improve handling. New solid formulations containing Methyl Eugenol and either naled or dichlorovinyl diMethyl phosphate toxicants were compared with the standard formulations on cotton wicks in large scale field evaluation in Hawaii. Two reduced risk toxicants (spinosad and Rynaxypyr) were also evaluated. In one test the solid lure-toxicant-matrix combinations were sent to California to be weathered under California climate conditions and then sent back to Hawaii for evaluation. The polymer matrices with lure and toxicant were found to be as attractive as baited wicks and have the same longevity of attraction regardless of being weathered in Hawaii or in California. The new ingestible toxicants were also effective, although further testing of these ingestible lure + toxicant + matrix products is necessary.
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ring fluorinated analog of Methyl Eugenol attractiveness to and metabolism in the oriental fruit fly bactrocera dorsalis hendel
Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2009Co-Authors: Ashot Khrimian, Nicanor J Liquido, Grant T Mcquate, Matthew S Siderhurst, Janice T Nagata, Lori Carvalho, Filadelfo Guzman, Eric B JangAbstract:Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), males are highly attracted to the natural phenylpropanoid Methyl Eugenol (ME). They compulsively feed on ME and metabolize it to ring and side-chain hydroxylated compounds that have both pheromonal and allomonal functions. Side-chain metabolic activation of ME leading to (E)-coniferyl alcohol has long been recognized as a primary reason for hepatocarcinogenicity of this compound in rodents. Earlier, we demonstrated that introduction of a fluorine atom at the terminal carbon of the ME side chain significantly depressed metabolism and specifically reduced formation of coniferyl alcohol but had little effect on field attractiveness to B. dorsalis. In the current paper, we demonstrate that fluorination of ME at the 4 position of the aromatic ring blocks metabolic ring-hydroxylation but overall enhances side-chain metabolism by increasing production of fluorinated (E)-coniferyl alcohol. In laboratory experiments, oriental fruit fly males were attracted to and readily consumed 1,2-dimethoxy-4-fluoro-5-(2-propenyl)benzene (I) at rates similar to ME but metabolized it faster. Flies that consumed the fluorine analog were as healthy post feeding as ones fed on Methyl Eugenol. In field trials, the fluorine analog I was ∼50% less attractive to male B. dorsalis than ME.
Ritsuo Nishida - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparison of Methyl Eugenol metabolites mitochondrial coi and rdna sequences of bactrocera philippinensis diptera tephritidae with those of three other major pest species within the dorsalis complex
Applied Entomology and Zoology, 2013Co-Authors: Ritsuo NishidaAbstract:Males of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and some of its sibling species have strong affinity for Methyl Eugenol (ME). Methyl Eugenol ingested by male flies is biotransformed in the crop to two ME metabolites that eventually accumulate in the rectal gland, which is known to serve as a reservoir for B. dorsalis sex pheromones. When fed with ME, males of laboratory and wild B. philippinensis Drew and Hancock selectively accumulated two metabolites, 2-allyl-4,5-dimethoxyphenol and (E)-coniferyl alcohol, in the rectal gland, as was seen for B. dorsalis sensu stricto, B. invadens Drew, Tsuruta and White, and B. papayae Drew and Hancock. Phylogenetic analysis of COI and rDNA sequence data of these four taxa also revealed a close relationship among B. philippinensis, B. dorsalis s.s., B. invadens, and B. papayae (all four are members of the dorsalis species complex). This result corroborates pheromone analysis. The usefulness of pheromonal analysis as a chemotaxonomy tool to complement molecular and other analysis in differentiation of closely related sibling species within the Bactrocera dorsalis complex, for which use of morphological characters had been inadequate, is highlighted.
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Methyl Eugenol its occurrence distribution and role in nature especially in relation to insect behavior and pollination
Journal of Insect Science, 2012Co-Authors: Ritsuo NishidaAbstract:This review discusses the occurrence and distribution (within a plant) of Methyl Eugenol in different plant species (> 450) from 80 families spanning many plant orders, as well as various roles this chemical plays in nature, especially in the interactions between tephritid fruit flies and plants.
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pharmacophagy of Methyl Eugenol by males enhances sexual selection of bactrocera carambolae
Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2007Co-Authors: Ritsuo NishidaAbstract:After pharmacophagy of Methyl Eugenol (ME), males of Bactrocera carambolae (Diptera: Tephritidae) produced (E)-coniferyl alcohol (CF) along with its endogenously synthesized pheromonal compounds. CF was shown to be released into the air by the ME-fed males only during the courtship period at dusk and attracted significantly more males and females than the ME-deprived males in wind tunnel assays. However, earlier onset of sexual attraction and a higher mating success were observed only in the wind tunnel and field cage assays on the third day posttreatment of ME. Field cage observations on the male-to-male interaction indicated that the ME-deprived males did not exhibit aggregation behavior, but that ME feeding promoted aggregation behavior in B. carambolae. Field cage observations revealed that the ME-deprived males were not only attracted to the ME-fed males, but also appeared to feed on their anal secretions. The secretions were subsequently confirmed to contain CF along with endogenously produced pheromonal compounds. Results obtained for B. carambolae were compared to those previously obtained from its sibling species, Bactrocera dorsalis, and are discussed in light of species advancement in fruit fly–plant relationships.
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larval and adult feeding on Methyl Eugenol and the mating success of male oriental fruit flies bactrocera dorsalis
Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata, 2004Co-Authors: Todd E Shelly, Ritsuo NishidaAbstract:Males of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), are strongly attracted to Methyl Eugenol, a compound found in many plant species (Tan & Nishida, 1996). Laboratory studies have shown that B. dorsalis males that have fed on pure Methyl Eugenol (Shelly & Dewire, 1994; Tan & Nishida, 1996), or flowers containing Methyl Eugenol (Shelly, 2000) have a mating advantage over males denied this compound. Nishida et al. (1988) and Tan & Nishida (1996) have demonstrated that, after adult feeding, phenylpropanoid metabolites of Methyl Eugenol (in particular, 2-allyl-4,5-dimethoxyphenol and coniferyl alcohol) accumulate in the rectal glands, where they are used in the synthesis of the male sex pheromone. Additional work (Shelly, 1995) revealed that the ingestion of Methyl Eugenol by mass-reared males of B. dorsalis males increases their mating competitiveness relative to wild males in laboratory cages, suggesting that pre-release exposure to Methyl Eugenol might be used to increase the effectiveness of the sterile insect technique (SIT) against this species. However, the high density of flies in holding containers may restrict access to a Methyl Eugenol source by individual males, and thus diminish the effectiveness of the exposure protocol. The main objective of this study was to assess whether feeding Methyl Eugenol to the larvae of a mass-reared strain of B. dorsalis would result in an increased mating success of the subsequently emerged males, thus circumventing the aforementioned access problem associated with adult feeding. In addition, for males fed Methyl Eugenol as larvae, chemical analyses were performed on the contents of their rectal glands to detect the presence of metabolites of the Methyl Eugenol used in pheromone synthesis. Moreover, because all previous work examining the effect of Methyl Eugenol on male mating success had been conducted in small laboratory cages (Shelly & Dewire, 1994; Tan & Nishida, 1996), we tested the effect of adult exposure using field cages to confirm a Methyl Eugenol-mediated mating advantage under more natural conditions.
Roger I Vargas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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attraction and mortality of oriental fruit flies to splat mat Methyl Eugenol with spinosad
Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata, 2009Co-Authors: Roger I Vargas, John D Stark, Jaime C Pinero, Mark Hertlein, Agenor Mafraneto, Reginald R Coler, Anna GetchellAbstract:Studies were conducted in 2007 and 2008 in Hawaii, USA to quantify attraction and feeding responses resulting in mortality of the male oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), to a novel male annihilation treatment (MAT) formulation consisting of specialized pheromone and lure application technology (SPLAT) in combination with Methyl Eugenol (ME) and spinosad (=SPLAT-MAT-ME with spinosad) in comparison with Min-U-GelME with naled (Dibrom). Our approach involved a novel behavioral methodology for evaluation of slow-acting reduced-risk insecticides. Methyl Eugenol treatments were weathered for 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks in California, USA, and shipped to Hawaii for bioassays. In field tests involving bucket traps to attract and capture wild males, and in toxicity studies conducted in 1 m 3 cages using released males of controlled ages, SPLAT-MAT-ME with spinosad performed similar to or outperformed the standard formulation of Min-U-Gel-ME with naled for material aged for up to 8 weeks in the 2008 tests. In laboratory feeding tests in which individual males were exposed for 5 min to the different ME treatments, mortality induced by SPLAT-MAT-ME with spinosad recorded at 24 h did not differ from that caused by Min-U-Gel ME with naled at 1, 2, and 4 weeks. Spinosad has low contact toxicity, and when mixed with SPLAT offers a reduced-risk alternative for control of B. dorsalis, without many of the negative effects to humans and non-targets of broad-spectrum contact poisons such as naled. Our results indicate that SPLAT-MAT-ME with spinosad offers potential for control of males in an area-wide integrated pest management (IPM) system without the need for conventional organophosphates.
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Attraction and mortality of oriental fruit flies to SPLAT‐MAT‐Methyl Eugenol with spinosad
Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata, 2009Co-Authors: Roger I Vargas, John D Stark, Jaime C Pinero, Mark Hertlein, Reginald R Coler, Agenor Mafra-neto, Anna GetchellAbstract:Studies were conducted in 2007 and 2008 in Hawaii, USA to quantify attraction and feeding responses resulting in mortality of the male oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), to a novel male annihilation treatment (MAT) formulation consisting of specialized pheromone and lure application technology (SPLAT) in combination with Methyl Eugenol (ME) and spinosad (=SPLAT-MAT-ME with spinosad) in comparison with Min-U-GelME with naled (Dibrom). Our approach involved a novel behavioral methodology for evaluation of slow-acting reduced-risk insecticides. Methyl Eugenol treatments were weathered for 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks in California, USA, and shipped to Hawaii for bioassays. In field tests involving bucket traps to attract and capture wild males, and in toxicity studies conducted in 1 m 3 cages using released males of controlled ages, SPLAT-MAT-ME with spinosad performed similar to or outperformed the standard formulation of Min-U-Gel-ME with naled for material aged for up to 8 weeks in the 2008 tests. In laboratory feeding tests in which individual males were exposed for 5 min to the different ME treatments, mortality induced by SPLAT-MAT-ME with spinosad recorded at 24 h did not differ from that caused by Min-U-Gel ME with naled at 1, 2, and 4 weeks. Spinosad has low contact toxicity, and when mixed with SPLAT offers a reduced-risk alternative for control of B. dorsalis, without many of the negative effects to humans and non-targets of broad-spectrum contact poisons such as naled. Our results indicate that SPLAT-MAT-ME with spinosad offers potential for control of males in an area-wide integrated pest management (IPM) system without the need for conventional organophosphates.
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field trials of spinosad as a replacement for naled ddvp and malathion in Methyl Eugenol and cue lure bucket traps to attract and kill male oriental fruit flies and melon flies diptera tephritidae in hawaii
Journal of Economic Entomology, 2003Co-Authors: Roger I Vargas, Neil W Miller, John D StarkAbstract:Spinosad was evaluated in Hawaii as a replacement for organophosphate insecticides (naled, dichlorvos [DDVP],and malathion) in Methyl Eugenol and cue-lure bucket traps to attract and kill oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel, and melon fly, B. cucurbitae Coquillett, respectively. In the first and second Methyl Eugenol trials with B. dorsalis, naled was in the highest rated group for all evaluation periods (at 5, 10, 15, and 20 wk). Spinosad was equal to naled at 5 and 10 wk during both trials 1 and 2, and compared favorably with malathion during trial 2. During the first cue-lure trial with B. cucurbitae, naled and malathion were in the top rated group at 5, 10, 15, and 20 wk. Spinosad was equal to naled at 5 wk. During the second cue-lure trial, spinosad and naled were both in the top rated group at 10, 15, and 20 wk. Use of male lure traps with Methyl Eugenol or cue-lure had no effect on attraction of females into test areas. Our results suggest that spinosad, although not as persistent as naled or malathion, is safer to handle and a more environmentally friendly substitute for organophosphate insecticides in Methyl Eugenol and cue-lure traps for use in B. dorsalis and B. cucurbitae areawide integrated pest management programs in Hawaii.
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Methyl Eugenol and cue lure traps for suppression of male oriental fruit flies and melon flies diptera tephritidae in hawaii effects of lure mixtures and weathering
Journal of Economic Entomology, 2000Co-Authors: Roger I Vargas, Michael H Kido, John D Stark, Heidi M Ketter, Linda C WhitehandAbstract:Abstract Methyl Eugenol (4-allyl-1,2-dimethoxybenzene-carboxylate) and cue-lure [4-(p-acetoxyphenyl)-2-butanone] are highly attractive kairomone lures to oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), and melon fly, B. cucurbitae (Coquillett), respectively. Plastic bucket traps were evaluated as dispensers for Methyl Eugenol and cue-lure for suppression of the 2 fruit flies in Hawaii. Methyl Eugenol and cue-lure mixtures were compared with pure Methyl Eugenol or cue-lure over 4 seasons. B. dorsalis captures differed significantly with treatment and season. B. dorsalis captures with 100% Methyl-Eugenol were significantly greater than all other treatments (25, 50, and 75%). B. cucurbitae captures also differed significantly with treatment but not with season. Captures with 100, 75, and 50% cue-lure were not significantly different. Bucket traps baited with cue-lure (+ malathion) and weathered under Hawaiian climatic conditions were attractive to B. cucurbitae up to 8 wk. Two Methyl Eugenol dispensers (ca...
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nontarget insect attraction to Methyl Eugenol traps used in male annihilation of the oriental fruit fly diptera tephritidae in riparian hawaiian stream habitat
Environmental Entomology, 1996Co-Authors: Michael H Kido, Adam Asquith, Roger I VargasAbstract:This study set out to identify insect species associated with the riparian habitat of Hawaiian streams that were susceptible to deployment of the plant kairomone, Methyl Eugenol, used in male annihilation of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). Sixteen nontarget insect species (13 Diptera and 3 Coleoptera) were found to be attracted to Methyl Eugenol traps deployed in riparian habitat in a variety of stream ecotypes at various elevations. Only 2 Diptera attracted to the lure, Drosophila perissopoda Hardy and D. Crucigera Grimshaw (Drosophilidae), were Hawaiian endemics, whereas the remainder were alien (nonnative) species. Alien drosophilids Drosophila immigrans Sturtevant and D. suzukii (Matsumura) and alien Desmometopa tarsalis Loew (Milichiidae) were the most abundant species captured in traps overall. Both plant-associated as well as carrion-associated species were captured in Methyl Eugenol traps. It is suggested that the fruiting cycle of wild guava, Psidium guajava and P. cattelianum , in mountainous and lowland areas of Hawaii is an important mechanism driving the population dynamics of insects attracted to Methyl Eugenol traps. Host plant demographics and species similarities in ecological requirements are important factors influencing the occurrences of susceptible species between sites. Seasonal periods of low oriental fruit fly numbers coupled with low abundances of nontarget insects create windows of opportunity during which male annihilation procedures with Methyl Eugenol can achieve maximum effect with minimal environmental risk. Environmentally acceptable use patterns for Methyl Eugenol can be developed through the modification of delivery systems and adaptation of these systems in surgical procedures tailored to specific ecotypes. These procedures can then provide Hawaiian agriculture with badly needed farm-level or area-wide control of destructive oriental fruit flies.
S Ramesh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Essential oil yield and quality of Methyl Eugenol rich Ocimum tenuiflorum L.f. (syn. O. sanctum L.) grown in south India as influenced by method of harvest.
Journal of chromatography. A, 2004Co-Authors: S K Kothari, A K Bhattacharya, S RameshAbstract:A field experiment carried out during 2001--2002 under semi-arid conditions of Hyderabad, India investigated the effect of three different methods of harvesting at full bloom stage, on essential oil yield and quality of Methyl Eugenol rich sacred/holy basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum L.f.; Lamiaceae). The harvest methods were: harvesting of primary branches, secondary branches and shoot biomass cut at 30 cm above ground level. Four harvests at 102, 192, 287 and 360 days after transplanting of the crop were taken in 1 year in each method of harvest. Harvesting of secondary branches led to maximum plant height and number of secondary branches per plant compared to harvesting of primary branches or shoot biomass cut at 30 cm above ground during second, third and fourth harvests. On the contrary, secondary branch harvest gave least biomass yield in all the four harvests. But due to higher essential oil content, secondary branch harvest gave 25.2 and 15.4% higher total (sum total of all four harvests) essential oil yield (kg/ha per year) over primary branches and shoot biomass cut at 30 cm above ground methods of harvesting, respectively. A similar treatment difference was observed in respect of oil composition studied in the first harvest. Harvesting shoot biomass at 30 cm above ground produced oil containing highest amount of Methyl Eugenol. The content of Methyl Eugenol decreased in the order of shoot biomass cut at 30 cm above ground > primary branch > secondary branch treatments. A reverse trend was observed, however, in respect of (E)-cinnamyl acetate, Eugenol and beta-elemene constituents of the oil. Little variability was, however, observed among the treatments in respect of 24 other constituents of the oils.
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essential oil yield and quality of Methyl Eugenol rich ocimum tenuiflorum l f syn o sanctum l grown in south india as influenced by method of harvest
Journal of Chromatography A, 2004Co-Authors: S K Kothari, A K Bhattacharya, S RameshAbstract:Abstract A field experiment carried out during 2001–2002 under semi-arid conditions of Hyderabad, India investigated the effect of three different methods of harvesting at full bloom stage, on essential oil yield and quality of Methyl Eugenol rich sacred/holy basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum L.f.; Lamiaceae). The harvest methods were: harvesting of primary branches, secondary branches and shoot biomass cut at 30 cm above ground level. Four harvests at 102, 192, 287 and 360 days after transplanting of the crop were taken in 1 year in each method of harvest. Harvesting of secondary branches led to maximum plant height and number of secondary branches per plant compared to harvesting of primary branches or shoot biomass cut at 30 cm above ground during second, third and fourth harvests. On the contrary, secondary branch harvest gave least biomass yield in all the four harvests. But due to higher essential oil content, secondary branch harvest gave 25.2 and 15.4% higher total (sum total of all four harvests) essential oil yield (kg/ha per year) over primary branches and shoot biomass cut at 30 cm above ground methods of harvesting, respectively. A similar treatment difference was observed in respect of oil composition studied in the first harvest. Harvesting shoot biomass at 30 cm above ground produced oil containing highest amount of Methyl Eugenol. The content of Methyl Eugenol decreased in the order of shoot biomass cut at 30 cm above ground > primary branch > secondary branch treatments. A reverse trend was observed, however, in respect of (E)-cinnamyl acetate, Eugenol and β-elemene constituents of the oil. Little variability was, however, observed among the treatments in respect of 24 other constituents of the oils.
