The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jo Shu Chang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Microalgae from wastewater treatment to biochar feedstock preparation and conversion technologies
Energy Conversion and Management, 2017Co-Authors: Pau Loke Show, Hwai Chyuan Ong, Wei Hsin Chen, Tau Chuan Ling, John Chiwei Lan, Jo Shu ChangAbstract:Abstract Microalgae have received increasing attentions due to its capacity of carbon fixation and serving as feedstock for producing biofuels and other value-added products. Microalgae can be used to remediate wastewater for simultaneously nutrient removal and biomass production, thereby significantly lowering the costs of microalgal feedstock. Recently, converting microalgal biomass biochar is of particular interest since biochar has numerous opportunities in application. In this review, innovative methods developed for Microalgae-based wastewater treatment are described. Conventional and novel technologies used for producing biochar from microalgal biomass, such as pyrolysis and hydrothermal approaches, are presented. Future challenges and potential applications of the biochar derived from microalgal biomass collected from wastewater treatment system (e.g., soil amendment or adsorbent) are also discussed.
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feasibility of co2 mitigation and carbohydrate production by microalga scenedesmus obliquus cnw n used for bioethanol fermentation under outdoor conditions effects of seasonal changes
Biotechnology for Biofuels, 2017Co-Authors: Yi Di Chen, Chun Yen Chen, Nanqi Ren, Ching Yu Chang, Yen Ying Lai, Akihiko Kondo, Jo Shu ChangAbstract:Although outdoor cultivation systems have been widely used for mass production of Microalgae at a relatively low cost, there are still limited efforts on outdoor cultivation of carbohydrate-rich Microalgae that were further used as feedstock for fermentative bioethanol production. In particular, the effects of seasonal changes on cell growth, CO2 fixation, and carbohydrate production of the Microalgae have not been well investigated. This work demonstrates the feasibility of using outdoor tubular photobioreactors (PBR) for whole-year-round cultivation of a carbohydrate-rich microalga Scenedesmus obliquus CNW-N in southern Taiwan. Time-course profile of the carbohydrate content under nitrogen-deficient conditions was monitored to assess the seasonal changes. The optimal CO2 fixation rate and carbohydrate productivity were 430.2 mg L−1 d−1and 111.8 mg L−1d−1, respectively, which were obtained during the summer time. Under nitrogen starvation, the microalgal biomass can accumulate nearly 45–50% of carbohydrates, mainly composed of glucose that accounted for 70–80% of the total carbohydrates in the microalgal cells. This glucose-rich microalgal biomass is apparently a very suitable carbon source for bioethanol fermentation. This work shows the feasibility of combining CO2 fixation and bioethanol production using Microalgae grown in outdoor photobioreactors as feedstock. The understanding of the seasonal changes in the carbohydrate productivity makes this approach more practically viable. The novel strategy proposed in this study could be a promising alternative to the existing technology dealing with CO2 mitigation and biofuels production.
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cultivation of chlorella vulgaris jsc 6 with swine wastewater for simultaneous nutrient cod removal and carbohydrate production
Bioresource Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Yue Wang, Hong Wei Yen, Jo Shu Chang, Wanqian Guo, Chieh Lun Cheng, Nanqi RenAbstract:Swine wastewater, containing a high concentration of COD and ammonia nitrogen, is suitable for the growth of Microalgae, leading to simultaneous COD/nutrients removal from the wastewater. In this study, an isolated carbohydrate-rich microalga Chlorella vulgaris JSC-6 was adopted to perform swine wastewater treatment. Nearly 60-70% COD removal and 40-90% NH3-N removal was achieved in the mixotrophic and heterotrophic culture, depending on the dilution ratio of the wastewater, while the highest removal percentage was obtained with 20-fold diluted wastewater. Mixotrophic cultivation by using fivefold diluted wastewater resulted in the highest biomass concentration of 3.96 g/L. The carbohydrate content of the microalga grown on the wastewater can reach up to 58% (per dry weight). The results indicated that the Microalgae-based wastewater treatment can efficiently reduce the nutrients and COD level, and the resulting microalgal biomass had high carbohydrate content, thereby having potential applications for the fermentative production of biofuels or chemicals.
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biosequestration of atmospheric co2 and flue gas containing co2 by Microalgae
Bioresource Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Wai Yan Cheah, Jo Shu Chang, Pau Loke Show, Tau Chuan Ling, Joon Ching JuanAbstract:The unceasing rise of greenhouse gas emission has led to global warming and climate change. Global concern on this phenomenon has put forward the microalgal-based CO2 sequestration aiming to sequester carbon back to the biosphere, ultimately reducing greenhouse effects. Microalgae have recently gained enormous attention worldwide, to be the valuable feedstock for renewable energy production, due to their high growth rates, high lipid productivities and the ability to sequester carbon. The photosynthetic process of Microalgae uses atmospheric CO2 and CO2 from flue gases, to synthesize nutrients for their growth. In this review article, we will primarily discuss the efficiency of CO2 biosequestration by Microalgae species, factors influencing microalgal biomass productions, microalgal cultivation systems, the potential and limitations of using flue gas for microalgal cultivation as well as the bio-refinery approach of microalgal biomass.
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characterization of the flocculating agent from the spontaneously flocculating microalga chlorella vulgaris jsc 7
Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 2014Co-Authors: Md. Asraful Alam, Zihyou Huang, Yuliang Yang, Xinqing Zhao, Jo Shu ChangAbstract:High cost of biomass recovery is one of the bottlenecks for developing cost-effective processes with Microalgae, particularly for the production of biofuels and bio-based chemicals through biorefinery, and microalgal biomass recovery through cell flocculation is a promising strategy. Some Microalgae are naturally flocculated whose cells can be harvested by simple sedimentation. However, studies on the flocculating agents synthesized by Microalgae cells are still very limited. In this work, the cell flocculation of a spontaneously flocculating microalga Chlorella vulgaris JSC-7 was studied, and the flocculating agent was identified to be cell wall polysaccharides whose crude extract supplemented at low dosage of 0.5 mg/L initiated the more than 80% flocculating rate of freely suspended Microalgae C. vulgaris CNW11 and Scenedesmus obliquus FSP. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed a characteristic absorption band at 1238 cm−1, which might arise from P O asymmetric stretching vibration of PO 2 − phosphodiester. The unique cell wall-associated polysaccharide with molecular weight of 9.86×103 g/mol, and the monomers consist of glucose, mannose and galactose with a molecular ratio of 5:5:2. This is the first time to our knowledge that the flocculating agent from C. vulgaris has been characterized, which could provide basis for understanding the cell flocculation of Microalgae and breeding of novel flocculating Microalgae for cost-effective biomass harvest.
Xuexi Tang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of three macroalgae ulva linza chlorophyta corallina pilulifera rhodophyta and sargassum thunbergii phaeophyta on the growth of the red tide microalga prorocentrum donghaiense under laboratory conditions
Journal of Sea Research, 2007Co-Authors: Renjun Wang, Hui Xiao, You Wang, Wenli Zhou, Xuexi TangAbstract:Allelopathic effects of several concentrations of fresh tissue and dry powder of three macroalgae, Ulva linza, Corallina pilulifera and Sargassum thunbergii, on the red tide microalga Prorocentrum donghaiense were evaluated in microcosms. Preliminary studies on the algicidal effects of one aqueous and four organic solvent extracts from the macroalgae on the microalga were carried out to confirm the existence of allelochemicals in the tissues of the macroalgae. The effects of macroalgal culture medium filtrate on P. donghaiense were investigated using initial or semi-continuous filtrate addition. Furthermore, the potential effects of the microalga on these three macroalgae were also tested. The results of the microcosm assay showed that the growth of P. donghaiense was strongly inhibited by using fresh tissues and dry powder of the three macroalgae. Both aqueous and methanol extracts of the macroalgae had strong growth inhibitory effects on P. donghaiense, while the other three organic solvent extracts (acetone, ether and chloroform) had no apparent effect on its growth; this suggested that the allelochemicals from these three macroalga had relatively high polarities. The three macroalgal culture medium filtrates exhibited apparent growth inhibitory effect on the Microalgae under initial or semi-continuous addition, which suggested that the cells of P. donghaiense are sensitive to the allelochemicals. In contrast, P. donghaiense had no apparent effect on the growth of the macroalgae in coexistence experiment.
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comparative studies on the allelopathic effects of ulva pertusa kjellml corallina pilulifera postl et ruprl and sargassum thunbergii mertl o kuntze on skeletonema costatum grev cleve
Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 2006Co-Authors: Renjun Wang, Hui Xiao, Peiyu Zhang, Hengjiang Cai, Xuexi TangAbstract:In the present study, we evaluated the allelopathic effects of three macroalgae, namely Ulva pertusa Kjellml, Corallina pilulifera Postl et Ruprl, and Sargassum thunbergii Mertl O. Kuntze, on the growth of the microalga Skeletonema costatum (Grev.) Creve using culture systems in which the algae coexisted. The effects of the macroalgal culture medium filtrate on S. costatum were also investigated. Moreover, isolated co-culture systems were built to confirm the existence of allelochemicals and preclude growth inhibition by direct contact. The coexistence assay data demonstrated that the growth of S. costatum was strongly inhibited when fresh tissues, dry powder and aqueous extracts were used; the allelochemicals were lethal to S. costatum at relatively higher concentrations. The effects of the macroalgal culture medium filtrate on the microalga showed both species specificity and complexity. The inhibitory effect of fresh macroalgal tissue and culture medium filtrate on the microalga was due to the alleochemicals released by the macroalgae. The results of the present study show that the allelopathic effects of macroalgae on the microalga are complex. The present study could shed light onto the basis of the interaction between macro-and Microalgae. (Managing editor: Ping He)
Renjun Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of three macroalgae ulva linza chlorophyta corallina pilulifera rhodophyta and sargassum thunbergii phaeophyta on the growth of the red tide microalga prorocentrum donghaiense under laboratory conditions
Journal of Sea Research, 2007Co-Authors: Renjun Wang, Hui Xiao, You Wang, Wenli Zhou, Xuexi TangAbstract:Allelopathic effects of several concentrations of fresh tissue and dry powder of three macroalgae, Ulva linza, Corallina pilulifera and Sargassum thunbergii, on the red tide microalga Prorocentrum donghaiense were evaluated in microcosms. Preliminary studies on the algicidal effects of one aqueous and four organic solvent extracts from the macroalgae on the microalga were carried out to confirm the existence of allelochemicals in the tissues of the macroalgae. The effects of macroalgal culture medium filtrate on P. donghaiense were investigated using initial or semi-continuous filtrate addition. Furthermore, the potential effects of the microalga on these three macroalgae were also tested. The results of the microcosm assay showed that the growth of P. donghaiense was strongly inhibited by using fresh tissues and dry powder of the three macroalgae. Both aqueous and methanol extracts of the macroalgae had strong growth inhibitory effects on P. donghaiense, while the other three organic solvent extracts (acetone, ether and chloroform) had no apparent effect on its growth; this suggested that the allelochemicals from these three macroalga had relatively high polarities. The three macroalgal culture medium filtrates exhibited apparent growth inhibitory effect on the Microalgae under initial or semi-continuous addition, which suggested that the cells of P. donghaiense are sensitive to the allelochemicals. In contrast, P. donghaiense had no apparent effect on the growth of the macroalgae in coexistence experiment.
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comparative studies on the allelopathic effects of ulva pertusa kjellml corallina pilulifera postl et ruprl and sargassum thunbergii mertl o kuntze on skeletonema costatum grev cleve
Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 2006Co-Authors: Renjun Wang, Hui Xiao, Peiyu Zhang, Hengjiang Cai, Xuexi TangAbstract:In the present study, we evaluated the allelopathic effects of three macroalgae, namely Ulva pertusa Kjellml, Corallina pilulifera Postl et Ruprl, and Sargassum thunbergii Mertl O. Kuntze, on the growth of the microalga Skeletonema costatum (Grev.) Creve using culture systems in which the algae coexisted. The effects of the macroalgal culture medium filtrate on S. costatum were also investigated. Moreover, isolated co-culture systems were built to confirm the existence of allelochemicals and preclude growth inhibition by direct contact. The coexistence assay data demonstrated that the growth of S. costatum was strongly inhibited when fresh tissues, dry powder and aqueous extracts were used; the allelochemicals were lethal to S. costatum at relatively higher concentrations. The effects of the macroalgal culture medium filtrate on the microalga showed both species specificity and complexity. The inhibitory effect of fresh macroalgal tissue and culture medium filtrate on the microalga was due to the alleochemicals released by the macroalgae. The results of the present study show that the allelopathic effects of macroalgae on the microalga are complex. The present study could shed light onto the basis of the interaction between macro-and Microalgae. (Managing editor: Ping He)
Concepción Herrero - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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riboflavin enrichment throughout the food chain from the marine microalga tetraselmis suecica to the rotifer brachionus plicatilis and to white sea bream diplodus sargus and gilthead sea bream sparus aurata larvae
Aquaculture, 2008Co-Authors: M Souto, M Saavedra, P Pousaoferreira, Concepción HerreroAbstract:Abstract The riboflavin enrichment of the marine microalga Tetraselmis suecica and the transfer of this vitamin to higher trophic levels of the aquatic food chain such as the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis and the larvae of two species of sparids: white sea bream and gilthead sea bream were studied. The preliminary experiment consisted of determining the concentration of riboflavin added to T. suecica cultures to achieve a maximum quantity of this vitamin in the microalgal cells. Seven concentrations were tested in triplicate: 0 (control), 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 ng ml− 1; the results showed that the 10 ng ml− 1 was the optimum concentration that the Microalgae accumulated 4.29 ± 0.19 pg cell− 1, 21.2 ± 0.35 ng ml− 1 and 19.4 ± 0.56 μg g− 1 (dry weight) of riboflavin. Control and enriched microalgal cultures were used for feeding the rotifer B. plicatilis. Control and enriched rotifers were used for feeding white sea bream and gilthead sea bream larvae. Rotifers fed on enriched microalgal cultures accumulated significantly (P
Wenming Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of light supply and carbon source on cell growth and cellular composition of a newly isolated microalga chlorella vulgaris esp 31
Engineering in Life Sciences, 2010Co-Authors: Jo Shu Chang, Wenming ChenAbstract:Light supply is one of the most important factors affecting autotrophic growth of Microalgae. This study investigated the effect of the type and light intensity of artificial light sources on the cell growth of an indigenous microalga Chlorella vulgaris ESP-31 obtained from southern Taiwan. In addition, a dissolved inorganic carbon source (i.e. sodium bicarbonate) was used to improve the biomass production of strain ESP-31. The results show that a new fluorescent light source (TL5) was effective in indoor cultivation of Microalgae. Better overall productivity of 0.029 g dry cell weight/L-d was obtained when using TL5 lamps as the light source with a light intensity of 9 W/m2. A carbon source (sodium bicarbonate) concentration of 1000 mg/L was found to be optimal for the growth of strain ESP-31 in terms of both biomass production and carbon source utilization. Under the optimal growth conditions, the resulting microalgal biomass consisted of 25–30% protein, 6–10% carbohydrate, and 30–40% lipid.
