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Tadaaki Mano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Introduction to Sympathetic Microneurography
Clinical Assessment of the Autonomic Nervous System, 2016Co-Authors: Tadaaki ManoAbstract:Sympathetic Microneurography is an electrophysiological method to record directly from human peripheral nerves’ sympathetic neural traffic leading to the muscle and skin called muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and skin sympathetic nerve activity (SSNA). In this chapter, the author explains (1) what is Microneurography, (2) the recording technique of Microneurography, (3) how to identify MSNA and SSNA, and (4) applications of sympathetic Microneurography. Sympathetic Microneurography is very useful to analyze sympathetic neural functions in humans by observing directly neural traffic in postganglionic multiple and single sympathetic efferent fibers innervating the muscle and skin under physiological and pathological conditions. MSNA which regulates peripheral vascular resistance in skeletal muscles is particularly important for controlling blood pressure homeostasis, while SSNA which regulates mainly sweat glands and skin blood vessels plays important roles in thermoregulation. Recordings of MSNA and SSNA have been widely applied to analyze sympathetic mechanisms in various disease conditions, as well as stressful situations when the human body is exposed to various environmental conditions.
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clinical applications of Microneurography
Primer on the Autonomic Nervous System (Third Edition), 2012Co-Authors: Tadaaki ManoAbstract:Microneurographically recordable skin sympathetic nerve activity (SSNA) and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) provide valuable information on pathophysiological mechanisms underlying various disorders. Both multi-unit and single-unit recordings of SSNA and MSNA are available to analyze sympathetic neural mechanisms. SSNA in hypo- or anhidorosis is reduced when pre- and/or postganglionic sudomotor fibers are involved, whereas it is normal or even enhanced when sweat glands or its receptors are lesioned. SSNA is enhanced in palmoplantar hyperhidorosis. Thus Microneurography can be a potent tool to differentiate mechanisms underlying various kinds of sweat disorders. MSNA is hardly recordable in hypotensive patients suffered from multiple-system atrophy and peripheral autonomic neuropathies, but highly discharges in vasovagal syncope to trigger hypotensive attacks along with sympathetic withdrawal. Recordings of MSNA are also valuable to reveal neural involvements in hypertension and/or arrhythmia in or without association with sleep apnea, heart failure, and renal failure. MSNA recorded in chronic heart failure shows not only increased multi-unit bursts, but also increased single-unit firing frequency and firing probability, without multiple firings in one burst. MSNA is generally enhanced in metabolic syndrome related to central adiposity, of which discharge pattern may be influenced by mental condition of patients. A recent research suggests that enhanced MSNA is associated with increased bone resorption. Microneurography will be more applied in wider fields of diseases to elucidate their pathophysiological functions and mechanisms in further detail.
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Microneurography from basic aspects to clinical applications and application in space medicine
Brain and nerve, 2009Co-Authors: Tadaaki ManoAbstract:Microneurography is an electrophysiological method that directly records impulse traffic from human peripheral nerves by using metal microelectrodes. This method enables the recording of identified postganglionic sympathetic efferent neural traffic leading to the skeletal muscles (muscle sympathetic nerve activity) and skin (skin sympathetic nerve activity), as well as myelinated and unmyelinated afferent nerve impulses from the sensory receptors in skeletal muscles (muscle spindles, Golgi tendon organs, and nociceptors) and skin (skin mechanoreceptors and noci-thermoceptors). The clinical applications of sympathetic Microneurography are useful for the elucidation of the neural mechanisms of abnormal blood pressure control and thermoregulation. Sympathetic Microneurography is also used in space medicine to elucidate changes in sympathetic neural traffic during and after exposure to simulated microgravity and spaceflight. The clinical applications of sensory Microneurography are useful to clarify the neural mechanisms underlying abnormalities in muscle and skin sensation and those in sensory motor control. Microstimulation by using the Microneurography technique can also be used to determine the peripheral sensory, sympathetic, and motor nerve functions.
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Microneurography as a tool in clinical neurophysiology to investigate peripheral neural traffic in humans
Clinical Neurophysiology, 2006Co-Authors: Tadaaki Mano, Satoshi Iwase, Shinobu TomaAbstract:Abstract Microneurography is a method using metal microelectrodes to investigate directly identified neural traffic in myelinated as well as unmyelinated efferent and afferent nerves leading to and coming from muscle and skin in human peripheral nerves in situ. The present paper reviews how this technique has been used in clinical neurophysiology to elucidate the neural mechanisms of autonomic regulation, motor control and sensory functions in humans under physiological and pathological conditions. Microneurography is particularly important to investigate efferent and afferent neural traffic in unmyelinated C fibers. The recording of efferent discharges in postganglionic sympathetic C efferent fibers innervating muscle and skin (muscle sympathetic nerve activity; MSNA and skin sympathetic nerve activity; SSNA) provides direct information about neural control of autonomic effector organs including blood vessels and sweat glands. Sympathetic Microneurography has become a potent tool to reveal neural functions and dysfunctions concerning blood pressure control and thermoregulation. This recording has been used not only in wake conditions but also in sleep to investigate changes in sympathetic neural traffic during sleep and sleep-related events such as sleep apnea. The same recording was also successfully carried out by astronauts during spaceflight. Recordings of afferent discharges from muscle mechanoreceptors have been used to understand the mechanisms of motor control. Muscle spindle afferent information is particularly important for the control of fine precise movements. It may also play important roles to predict behavior outcomes during learning of a motor task. Recordings of discharges in myelinated afferent fibers from skin mechanoreceptors have provided not only objective information about mechanoreceptive cutaneous sensation but also the roles of these signals in fine motor control. Unmyelinated mechanoreceptive afferent discharges from hairy skin seem to be important to convey cutaneous sensation to the central structures related to emotion. Recordings of afferent discharges in thin myelinated and unmyelinated fibers from nociceptors in muscle and skin have been used to provide information concerning pain. Recordings of afferent discharges of different types of cutaneous C-nociceptors identified by marking method have become an important tool to reveal the neural mechanisms of cutaneous sensations such as an itch. No direct microneurographic evidence has been so far proved regarding the effects of sympathoexcitation on sensitization of muscle and skin sensory receptors at least in healthy humans.
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Invited review Microneurography as a tool in clinical neurophysiology to investigate peripheral neural traffic in humans
2006Co-Authors: Tadaaki Mano, Satoshi Iwase, Shinobu TomaAbstract:Microneurography is a method using metal microelectrodes to investigate directly identified neural traffic in myelinated as well as unmyelinated efferent and afferent nerves leading to and coming from muscle and skin in human peripheral nerves in situ. The present paper reviews how this technique has been used in clinical neurophysiology to elucidate the neural mechanisms of autonomic regulation, motor control and sensory functions in humans under physiological and pathological conditions. Microneurography is particularly important to investigate efferent and afferent neural traffic in unmyelinated C fibers. The recording of efferent discharges in postganglionic sympathetic C efferent fibers innervating muscle and skin (muscle sympathetic nerve activity; MSNA and skin sympathetic nerve activity; SSNA) provides direct information about neural control of autonomic effector organs including blood vessels and sweat glands. Sympathetic Microneurography has become a potent tool to reveal neural functions and dysfunctions concerning blood pressure control and thermoregulation. This recording has been used not only in wake conditions but also in sleep to investigate changes in sympathetic neural traffic during sleep and sleep-related events such as sleep apnea. The same recording was also successfully carried out by astronauts during spaceflight. Recordings of afferent discharges from muscle mechanoreceptors have been used to understand the mechanisms of motor control. Muscle spindle afferent information is particularly important for the control of fine precise movements. It may also play important roles to predict behavior outcomes during learning of a motor task. Recordings of discharges in myelinated afferent fibers from skin mechanoreceptors have provided not only objective information about mechanoreceptive cutaneous sensation but also the roles of these signals in fine motor control. Unmyelinated mechanoreceptive afferent discharges from hairy skin seem to be important to convey cutaneous sensation to the central structures related to emotion. Recordings of afferent discharges in thin myelinated and unmyelinated fibers from nociceptors in muscle and skin have been used to provide information concerning pain. Recordings of afferent discharges of different types of cutaneous C-nociceptors identified by marking method have become an important tool to reveal the neural mechanisms of cutaneous sensations such as an itch. No direct microneurographic evidence has been so far proved regarding the effects of sympathoexcitation on sensitization of muscle and skin sensory receptors at least in healthy humans. 2006 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Rochelle Ackerley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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c tactile ct afferents evidence of their function from Microneurography studies in humans
Current opinion in behavioral sciences, 2022Co-Authors: Rochelle AckerleyAbstract:C-tactile (CT) afferents are low-threshold mechanoreceptors present in the skin of humans and are thought to convey positive and pleasant aspects of touch, due to their optimal firing during gentle, caress-like contact. This review explores their role and function through the evidence produced in Microneurography studies, where it is possible to record from single CTs in awake, healthy humans. CTs send a relatively delayed signal to the brain, due to their unmyelinated, slowly conducting axon, and are highly sensitive to small displacements of the skin, especially from dynamic, moving touch. CTs are primarily mechanoreceptors, but show some thermal sensitivity, where neutral touch (at skin temperature ∼32°C) is optimal, warm touch (∼42°C) activates them less, and cool touch (∼18°C) produces complex responses.
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Microneurography as a tool to study the function of individual c fiber afferents in humans responses from nociceptors thermoreceptors and mechanoreceptors
Journal of Neurophysiology, 2018Co-Authors: Rochelle Ackerley, Roger H WatkinsAbstract:The technique of Microneurography allows us to directly investigate the functional roles of single C-fiber afferents in awake human beings. Here we outline and discuss the current field of C-fiber ...
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meg compatible Microneurography and intra neural microstimulation instrumentation
BIOMAG, 2018Co-Authors: George C Oneill, Rochelle Ackerley, Roger H Watkins, Johan Wessberg, Paul Glover, Caroline Witton, Paul L Furlong, Michael Hall, Matthew J Brookes, Susan T FrancisAbstract:Background Microneurography is an established technique whereby a tungsten electrode is placed within a human peripheral nerve bundle, where single afferents can be distinguished. The electrode can be used to record the activity of a single unit, or by applying a short train of pulses at microampere levels, a localised sensation can be perceived, which has qualities that match the physiologically-defined unit. Single unit intra-neural microstimulation provides an extremely specific input to the brain, thought to be at the quantal level. Microneurography has been used for functional MRI, but it has not been tested in MEG, which provides excellent temporal resolution. Commercial systems have limitations due to: magnetic components (relays or other ferrites); potentially hazardous long cables; or long recovery when switching between recording and stimulating modes. Methods The key to the success of designing an instrument capable of fulfilling the requirements was using opto-coupled FET analogue switches to route connections from the electrodes to either the recording amplifier or the current stimulator. The amplifier comprised a low-noise instrumentation amplifier with a bandwidth of 1–10 kHz. The signals were digitised, filtered, recorded, and passed to an audio feed so that the microneurographer could hear the nerve signals whilst positioning the electrode. The instrumentation was opto-isolated for safe operation. A stimulus sequence could be generated using a fully analogue constant current driver and fed to the electrode. Measurement of the current delivered could be monitored and an impedance estimate of the electrode made. Noise and potential for interference was measured for both systems i.e. for both electrode and MEG recordings. Two separate MEG installations were tested for compatibility, a CTF and an Elekta system. Results Wide-band electrode recordings show a thermal noise commensurate with the electrode impedance. High quality recordings could be obtained from mechanoreceptive afferents originating in the hand. There was some electrical interference (50 Hz and lighting related) on the electrode recordings in the CTF, but this did not prevent successful Microneurography. No interference was observed on the Elekta system. At stimulus levels usually used (<10 uA) in the median nerve, there was no detection of any stimulus artefact by the MEG sensors with conventional gradiometer cancellation. Beamformer techniques further reduced any possibility of interference. Discussion A MEG (and fMRI) compatible micro-stimulation system has been demonstrated. Brain activity in the somatosensory area can be observed mimicking single afferent unit activity. The present system adhered to safety requirements and provided good microneurographic use, for both recording and stimulation. This opens up opportunities for further work to explore the temporal and spatial dynamics of quantal tactile input in humans
Kevin J Shoemaker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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methods and considerations for the analysis and standardization of assessing muscle sympathetic nerve activity in humans
Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical, 2015Co-Authors: Daniel W White, Kevin J Shoemaker, Peter B RavenAbstract:The technique of Microneurography and the assessment of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) are used in laboratories throughout the world. The variables used to describe MSNA, and the criteria by which these variables are quantified from the integrated neurogram, vary among studies and laboratories and, therefore, can become confusing to those starting to learn the technique. Therefore, the purpose of this educational review is to discuss guidelines and standards for the assessment of sympathetic nervous activity through the collection and analysis of MSNA. This review will reiterate common practices in the collection of MSNA, but will also introduce considerations for the evaluation and physiological inference using MSNA.
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arrangement of sympathetic fibers within the human common peroneal nerve implications for Microneurography
Journal of Applied Physiology, 2013Co-Authors: Rebecca Tompkins, C W J Melling, Timothy D Wilson, Brent D Bates, Kevin J ShoemakerAbstract:Recently, interest has grown in the firing patterns of individual or multiunit action potential firing patterns in human muscle sympathetic nerve recordings using Microneurography. Little is known,...
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sympathetic neural recruitment patterns during the valsalva maneuver
International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2011Co-Authors: Aryan Salmanpour, Maria F Frances, Ruma Goswami, Kevin J ShoemakerAbstract:Sympathetic nerve activity is an important regulator of blood pressure and blood flow in humans. Our understanding about how sympathetic neurons are recruited during baroreflex stress is limited. This paper investigates the sympathetic neural recruitment patterns during the Valsalva maneuver. Using Microneurography, muscle sympathetic nerve activity was recorded in seven healthy subjects during baseline and the Valsalva maneuver. A new algorithm for detection and classification of action potentials was employed to study the differences between the recruitment of sympathetic neurons during baseline and the Valsalva maneuver. The data suggests that the Valsalva maneuver increases the number of spikes per sympathetic bursts and also recruits at least one additional new cluster of larger, faster conducting neurons. Also, action potential's latencies (i.e., inverse of conduction velocity) were shifted downward for all action potential clusters during this maneuver.
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detection of single action potential in multi unit postganglionic sympathetic nerve recordings in humans a matched wavelet approach
International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing, 2010Co-Authors: Aryan Salmanpour, Lyndon J Brown, Kevin J ShoemakerAbstract:Sympathetic nerve activity associated with blood pressure regulation can be recorded directly using Microneurography. Action potentials (APs) in the sympathetic nerve signal are dominated by colored gaussian noise. This paper proposes a novel method for detecting APs from muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) in multi-unit postganglionic recordings. The new method is based on designing a new mother wavelet matched to an actual AP template extracted from a real raw MSNA signal. To detect action potentials, the new matched wavelet was applied to the MSNA signal using a continuous wavelet transform following a thresholding procedure and detecting local maxima to estimate AP arrival times. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated using real MSNA recorded from six healthy participants and compared with two previous wavelet-based methods using a simulated MSNA signal.
Martin Schmelz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pathological nociceptors in two patients with erythromelalgia like symptoms and rare genetic nav 1 9 variants
Brain and behavior, 2016Co-Authors: Inge Petter Kleggetveit, Barbara Namer, Hugh Salter, Tormod Helas, Martin Schmelz, Roland Schmidt, Ellen JorumAbstract:Introduction The sodium channel Nav 1.9 is expressed in peripheral nociceptors and has recently been linked to human pain conditions, but the exact role of Nav 1.9 for human nociceptor excitability is still unclear. Methods C-nociceptors from two patients with late onset of erythromelalgia-like pain, signs of small fiber neuropathy, and rare genetic variants of Nav 1.9 (N1169S, I1293V) were assessed by Microneurography. Results Compared with patients with comparable pain phenotypes (erythromelalgia-like pain without Nav-mutations and painful polyneuropathy), there was a tendency toward more activity-dependent slowing of conduction velocity in mechanoinsensitive C-nociceptors. Hyperexcitability to heating and electrical stimulation were seen in some nociceptors, and other unspecific signs of increased excitability, including spontaneous activity and mechanical sensitization, were also observed. Conclusions Although the functional roles of these genetic variants are still unknown, the Microneurography findings may be compatible with increased C-nociceptor excitability based on increased Nav 1.9 function.
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chapter 29 Microneurography in the assessment of neuropathic pain
Handbook of Clinical Neurology, 2006Co-Authors: Ellen Jorum, Martin SchmelzAbstract:Publisher Summary This chapter describes Microneurography as a neurophysiological method that allows microelectrode recordings of impulses in single nerve fibers in awake human subjects. It has been employed for recordings from afferent sensory nerve fibers, efferent sympathetic nerve fibers, and proprioceptive nerve fibers. It discusses that Microneurography experiments in human experimental models of pain/neuropathic pain shed important light on pathophysiological mechanisms involved in primary and secondary hyperalgesia. The chapter reviews the principal findings in nociceptive systems of relevance for pathology. It also provides future perspective of Microneurography. As Microneurography does not allow recording directly from the sensory endings or of the membrane potential, molecular mechanisms of transduction cannot be investigated directly. The time course of post-excitatory hyperpolarization can be assessed by Microneurography and, thus, there is an exciting perspective to finally bridge the gap between the cellular and systemic approach. Despite many limitations the microneurographic approach provides unique data from healthy human subjects and patients and has a mediative position between clinical science and basic research.
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chemical response pattern of different classes of c nociceptors to pruritogens and algogens
Journal of Neurophysiology, 2003Co-Authors: Martin Schmelz, Roland Schmidt, Christian Weidner, Marita Hilliges, H E Torebjork, Hermann O HandwerkerAbstract:Vasoneuroactive substances were applied through intradermal microdialysis membranes and characterized as itch- or pain-inducing in psychophysical experiments. Histamine always provoked itching and rarely pain, capsaicin always pain but never itching. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) led preferentially to moderate itching. Serotonin, acetylcholine, and bradykinin induced pain more often than itching. Subsequently the same substances were used in Microneurography experiments to characterize the sensitivity profile of human cutaneous C-nociceptors. The responses of 89 mechanoresponsive (CMH, polymodal nociceptors), 52 mechanoinsensitive, histamine-negative (CMiHis−), and 24 mechanoinsensitive, histamine-positive (CMiHis+) units were compared. CMiHis+ units were most responsive to histamine and to PGE2 and less to serotonin, ACh, bradykinin, and capsaicin. CMH units (polymodal nociceptors) and CMiHis−units showed significantly weaker responses to histamine, PGE2, and acetylcholine. Capsaicin and bradykinin responses w...
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delayed responses to electrical stimuli reflect c fiber responsiveness in human Microneurography
Experimental Brain Research, 1995Co-Authors: Martin Schmelz, H O Handwerker, Clemens Forster, Robert F Schmidt, M Ringkamp, H E TorebjorkAbstract:The slowing of impulse conduction during the relative refractory period has often been used to assess activation of C-fibers, in particular, in human Microneurography. This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of this method and the factors affecting it. Thirty cutaneous C-fibers were recorded from the peroneal nerves of healthy human subjects. Intracutaneous electrical stimulation in the receptive field at 4 s intervals, after some minutes of adaptation, induced spike discharges at constant latency. One or more conditioning stimulus pulses were interpolated at different intervals and the increase in latency after the subsequent regular pulse was assessed. The latency shift was found to depend on the number of interposed pulses, on the time interval between conditioning and conditioned stimulus, and on the conduction velocity of the C-unit. The increase in latency was larger with greater distance between stimulating and recording electrodes, indicating a contribution of the conductile membrane over its whole length. On the other hand, slowing was more pronounced, on average, in slower conducting C-units and conduction velocities were slower when recordings were performed more distally. These findings indicate that the slower terminal nerve branches contribute most to the latency increases. Even a single additional spike in between two regular pulses caused a reliable latency shift of 1.2 +/- 0.2 ms (mean +/- SEM) and additional pulses lead to an approximately linear latency increase (2 pulses: 2.3 +/- 0.3 ms; 4 pulses: 5.9 +/- 0.7 ms). In contrast to the number of interposed stimuli, different intervals between interposed and regular stimuli had only a minor impact on the latency shifts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Satoshi Iwase - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Microneurography as a tool in clinical neurophysiology to investigate peripheral neural traffic in humans
Clinical Neurophysiology, 2006Co-Authors: Tadaaki Mano, Satoshi Iwase, Shinobu TomaAbstract:Abstract Microneurography is a method using metal microelectrodes to investigate directly identified neural traffic in myelinated as well as unmyelinated efferent and afferent nerves leading to and coming from muscle and skin in human peripheral nerves in situ. The present paper reviews how this technique has been used in clinical neurophysiology to elucidate the neural mechanisms of autonomic regulation, motor control and sensory functions in humans under physiological and pathological conditions. Microneurography is particularly important to investigate efferent and afferent neural traffic in unmyelinated C fibers. The recording of efferent discharges in postganglionic sympathetic C efferent fibers innervating muscle and skin (muscle sympathetic nerve activity; MSNA and skin sympathetic nerve activity; SSNA) provides direct information about neural control of autonomic effector organs including blood vessels and sweat glands. Sympathetic Microneurography has become a potent tool to reveal neural functions and dysfunctions concerning blood pressure control and thermoregulation. This recording has been used not only in wake conditions but also in sleep to investigate changes in sympathetic neural traffic during sleep and sleep-related events such as sleep apnea. The same recording was also successfully carried out by astronauts during spaceflight. Recordings of afferent discharges from muscle mechanoreceptors have been used to understand the mechanisms of motor control. Muscle spindle afferent information is particularly important for the control of fine precise movements. It may also play important roles to predict behavior outcomes during learning of a motor task. Recordings of discharges in myelinated afferent fibers from skin mechanoreceptors have provided not only objective information about mechanoreceptive cutaneous sensation but also the roles of these signals in fine motor control. Unmyelinated mechanoreceptive afferent discharges from hairy skin seem to be important to convey cutaneous sensation to the central structures related to emotion. Recordings of afferent discharges in thin myelinated and unmyelinated fibers from nociceptors in muscle and skin have been used to provide information concerning pain. Recordings of afferent discharges of different types of cutaneous C-nociceptors identified by marking method have become an important tool to reveal the neural mechanisms of cutaneous sensations such as an itch. No direct microneurographic evidence has been so far proved regarding the effects of sympathoexcitation on sensitization of muscle and skin sensory receptors at least in healthy humans.
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Invited review Microneurography as a tool in clinical neurophysiology to investigate peripheral neural traffic in humans
2006Co-Authors: Tadaaki Mano, Satoshi Iwase, Shinobu TomaAbstract:Microneurography is a method using metal microelectrodes to investigate directly identified neural traffic in myelinated as well as unmyelinated efferent and afferent nerves leading to and coming from muscle and skin in human peripheral nerves in situ. The present paper reviews how this technique has been used in clinical neurophysiology to elucidate the neural mechanisms of autonomic regulation, motor control and sensory functions in humans under physiological and pathological conditions. Microneurography is particularly important to investigate efferent and afferent neural traffic in unmyelinated C fibers. The recording of efferent discharges in postganglionic sympathetic C efferent fibers innervating muscle and skin (muscle sympathetic nerve activity; MSNA and skin sympathetic nerve activity; SSNA) provides direct information about neural control of autonomic effector organs including blood vessels and sweat glands. Sympathetic Microneurography has become a potent tool to reveal neural functions and dysfunctions concerning blood pressure control and thermoregulation. This recording has been used not only in wake conditions but also in sleep to investigate changes in sympathetic neural traffic during sleep and sleep-related events such as sleep apnea. The same recording was also successfully carried out by astronauts during spaceflight. Recordings of afferent discharges from muscle mechanoreceptors have been used to understand the mechanisms of motor control. Muscle spindle afferent information is particularly important for the control of fine precise movements. It may also play important roles to predict behavior outcomes during learning of a motor task. Recordings of discharges in myelinated afferent fibers from skin mechanoreceptors have provided not only objective information about mechanoreceptive cutaneous sensation but also the roles of these signals in fine motor control. Unmyelinated mechanoreceptive afferent discharges from hairy skin seem to be important to convey cutaneous sensation to the central structures related to emotion. Recordings of afferent discharges in thin myelinated and unmyelinated fibers from nociceptors in muscle and skin have been used to provide information concerning pain. Recordings of afferent discharges of different types of cutaneous C-nociceptors identified by marking method have become an important tool to reveal the neural mechanisms of cutaneous sensations such as an itch. No direct microneurographic evidence has been so far proved regarding the effects of sympathoexcitation on sensitization of muscle and skin sensory receptors at least in healthy humans. 2006 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Muscle sympathetic nerve response to vestibular stimulation by sinusoidal linear acceleration in humans
Neuroscience letters, 1999Co-Authors: Jian Cui, Tadaaki Mano, Satoshi Iwase, Naomi Katayama, Shigeo MoriAbstract:Abstract To clarify the effects of natural otolith stimulation on muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) in humans, eight male volunteers were seated in a linear accelerator (sled) during the recording of MSNA from the tibial nerve with Microneurography, and also the recording of electrocardiogram, blood pressure measured with a Finapres device and thoracic impedance during movement. Sinusoidal linear acceleration with peak values of ±0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 Gx were applied to the sitting subjects in the anteroposterior direction. Both the total activity and the burst rate of MSNA decreased during the sinusoidal linear acceleration, whereas the average heart rate, thoracic impedance and mean arterial pressure did not change significantly. These results suggest that moderate sinusoidal linear acceleration in the anteroposterior direction may suppress MSNA in humans.