The Experts below are selected from a list of 306 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Field T Blevins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Rotator Cuff Pathology in Athletes
Sports Medicine, 1997Co-Authors: Field T BlevinsAbstract:The rotator cuff is the primary dynamic stabiliser of the glenohumeral joint and is placed under significant stress during overhead and contact sports. Mechanisms of injury include repetitive Microtrauma, usually seen in the athlete involved in overhand sports, and macrotrauma associated with contact sports. Rotator cuff injury and dysfunction in the overhand athlete may be classified based on aetiology as primary impingement, primary tensile overload, and secondary impingement and tensile overload resulting from glenohumeral instability. A thorough history and physical examination are paramount in the evaluation, classification and treatment planning of the athlete with rotator cuff pathology. Imaging studies are a helpful adjunct to the history and physical. Athletes with primary impingement are usually middle aged or older and often have chronic shoulder pain and sometimes weakness associated with overhand sporting activities. Night pain is typical of full thickness rotator cuff tears. Impingement signs are positive and strength of elevation and external rotation are often limited. They usually respond to a nonoperative rehabilitation programme centred on decreasing inflammation, restoring range of motion and strengthening the rotator cuff and scapular stabilisers. Depending on the degree of cuff pathology, acromioplasty, debridement of partial cuff tears, and repair of full thickness tears are usually successful in those who fail a rehabilitation programme. Overhand athletes with cuff pathology secondary to subtle anterior instability are usually young and complain of pain and decreased throwing velocity. Instability may be so subtle that it is only detectable through a positive relocation test on examination. The majority of these athletes do not have a Bankart lesion on magnetic resonanace imaging or arthroscopic examination. Arthroscopic examination usually demonstrates anterior capsular laxity (positive ‘drive-through’ sign), as well as superior-posterior labral and cuff injury typical of internal impingement. If rehabilitation alone is not successful, a capsulolabral repair followed by rehabilitation may allow the athlete to return to their previous level of competition. The athlete with an acute episode of macrotrauma to the shoulder resulting in cuff pathology usually presents with pain, limited active elevation and a positive ‘shrug sign’. Arthroscopy and debridement of thickened, inflamed or scarred subacromial bursa with cuff repair or debridement as indicated is usually successful in those who do not respond to a rehabilitation programme.
Sobrino Serrano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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patologia cronica acumulativa por Microtraumatismos de repeticion nueva definicion patogenia clinica general factores de riesgo controversias chronic cumulative disease caused by repeated Microtrauma new definition pathogenesis general clinical signs
2003Co-Authors: Sobrino SerranoAbstract:The terms repeated Microtrauma, cumulative trauma and repetitive effort injuries seem to us equivocal, and should not be used as specific diagnoses. The name of chronic cumulative disease by repeated Microtrauma should be preferred for these conditions as a form of generalization, without this meaning a diagnostic specificity, whenever an established condition is documented and risk factors are identified. The extent and prevalence of these disorders, that are worlwide one of the most significant problems in occupational health, and the current controversies about their possible relationship with work, make essential and in-depth knowledge of the etiopathogenic mechanisms, how they occur, and the risk factors involved in its occurrence, in order to be able to perform adequate epidemiological studies that allow for establishing their relation with work. This study also provides an analysis of the current main controversies about these conditions as regards occupational risk factors and their significance as determinants of the occurrence or not of these injuries, the adequate use of specific diagnosis and the importance of differentiation in Spain between occupational disease and occupational injury when referring to these disorders.
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abordaje multidisciplinar de la patologia cronica acumulativa por Microtraumatismos de repeticion multidisciplinary approach to chronic cumulative diseases caused by repeated Microtrauma
2003Co-Authors: Sobrino SerranoAbstract:The significance of chronic cumulative pathological conditions caused by repeated Microtrauma from the health and socioeconomic viewpoints requires reconsideration of the actions aimed at their control and treatment, and the implication of different disciplines, particularly orthopedic surgery and ergonomics. This paper stresses the need to create Units for Prevention of musculoskeletal disorders and the development of what we define as Work School.
Ivan Cher - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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blink related Microtrauma when the ocular surface harms itself
Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology, 2003Co-Authors: Ivan CherAbstract:: Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis results mechanically from blinking under prolonged unphysiological conditions. The pathogenic process is known as blink-related Microtrauma. This review aimed to explore the validity of a general theory that besides superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis, there may be other diseases of the ocular surface arising from mechanical Microtrauma. A review of relevant clinical and microscopic lesions in a range of ocular surface disorders with possible mechanical aetiology was conducted. New terms were selected to facilitate understanding of such new aetiology. Besides superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis, other ocular surface disorders regarded as primarily derived from blink Microtrauma are: other filamentary keratitides; blepharospasm and severe ptosis; canthal/palpebral froth; affections from disordered eyelid lining; and contact lens related damage. A group of secondarily Microtraumatic disorders was identified, including the example of Microtrauma impacting upon interpalpebral bulbar prominences. Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis is the archetype of diseases affecting a unique combination; namely, the ocular surface conjoined with its lacrimal fluid. It is only one among many diseases actively generated within the confines of 'a self-harming surface'.
H S Skjonsby - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Microtrauma to rat superficial masseter muscles following lengthening contractions
Journal of Dental Research, 1990Co-Authors: M O Hutchins, H S SkjonsbyAbstract:Repetitive lengthening contractions have been predicted as a mechanism causing injury, pain, and delayed soreness in the hyperactive masticatory muscle. This mechanism was examined by the mechanical lengthening of the contracted superficial masseter (SM) muscle in anesthetized rats. Repetitive stimulation of the left SM to tetanic tension was followed by mechanical lengthening, which stressed contracted muscle. The contralateral muscle was passively lengthened repetitively. Contractile tension in response to a varying frequency of stimulation was measured in pre- and post-lengthened SM muscles. A selective loss of force at all frequencies up to 100 Hz occurred in the muscles subjected to lengthening contractions. Low-frequency fatigue did not occur in SM muscles passively lengthened. All animals recovered without loss of weight or dehydration. They were killed at 24 or 72 h post-lengthening. The SM muscles were collected, and no significant differences were found in mean weight, length, or cross-sectional...
C Perrin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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transverse leukonychia of toenails due to repeated Microtrauma
British Journal of Dermatology, 1995Co-Authors: R Baran, C PerrinAbstract:Summary Twelve women were seen with multiple transverse bands on the nail plates of the great toes. The bands were separated by normal nail, and had the same contour as the distal edge of the lunula. This disorder, which is usually bilateral, results from pressure on the free edge of the nail plate when it is not trimmed short.