The Experts below are selected from a list of 294 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jean-baptiste Coulon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of foot lesions on Milk Production by dairy cows.
Journal of Dairy Science, 1996Co-Authors: Jean-baptiste Coulon, Françoise Lescourret, A FontyAbstract:Individual curves for Milk Production of 428 cows affected by foot lesions were compared with control curves drawn from data of healthy lactating cows. First, differences were classified into patterns of Milk loss, and their distribution was analyzed among the patterns with regard to breed, season, parity, stage of lactation, and Milk Production. Then, individual Milk losses were estimated and analyzed according to the same factors. During early lactation, as during mid to late lactation, no marked modifications of the lactation curves occurred for about one-half of the cases. In 25% of the cases, Milk Production was affected for an expanded period (medians were 17 wk for early lactation and 12 wk for mid to late lactation). Corresponding median Milk losses were 440 and 270 kg, respectively. Summer foot lesions were more severe than winter lesions, regardless of stage of lactation. Milk Production at foot lesion onset was a determining factor of the amount and pattern of Milk loss only for cases occurring during mid to late lactation.
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Modeling the Impact of Mastitis on Milk Production by Dairy Cows
Journal of dairy science, 1994Co-Authors: Françoise Lescourret, Jean-baptiste CoulonAbstract:Individual Milk Production curves of 542 cows with 722 cases of mastitis were compared with control curves drawn from healthy lactating cows. First, differences were classified into patterns of Milk loss, and their distribution was analyzed among the patterns with regard to breed, season, lactation number, stage of lactation, and Milk Production. Then, individual Milk losses were estimated and analyzed according to the same factors. In early lactation, almost 7% of mastitis cases necessitated culling or drying off. For 36% of the cases of mastitis occurring in early lactation, Milk Production was affected for an extended period, and the Milk loss induced was 911 kg on average over the entire lactation. Fifty-two percent of the mastitis cases occurring after lactation peak was not accompanied by marked modifications of the lactation curves. For 38% of cases of mastitis occurring from mid to late lactation, Milk Production was affected for an extended period. When Milk Production was the most affected (26% of total cases), the average loss was 850 kg over the entire lactation. For cases in early or mid to late lactation, the Production at mastitis onset was a determining factor of the amount and pattern of Milk Production loss induced. Results were applied in a simulation over two simulated groups of cows.
Imke J.m. De Boer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Attributional and consequential LCA of Milk Production
The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 2008Co-Authors: Marlies A. Thomassen, Randi Dalgaard, Reinout Heijungs, Imke J.m. De BoerAbstract:Background, aim and scope Different ways of performing a life cycle assessment (LCA) are used to assess the environmental burden of Milk Production. A strong connection exists between the choice between attributional LCA (ALCA) and consequential LCA (CLCA) and the choice of how to handle co-products. Insight is needed in the effect of choice on results of environmental analyses of agricultural products, such as Milk. The main goal of this study was to demonstrate and compare ALCA and CLCA of an average conventional Milk Production system in The Netherlands.
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environmental impact assessment of conventional and organic Milk Production
Livestock Production Science, 2003Co-Authors: Imke J.m. De BoerAbstract:Abstract Organic agriculture addresses the public demand to diminish environmental pollution of agricultural Production. Until now, however, only few studies tried to determine the integrated environmental impact of conventional versus organic Production using life cycle assessment (LCA). The aim of this article was to review prospects and constraints of LCA as a tool to assess the integrated environmental impact of conventional and organic animal Production. This aim was illustrated using results from LCAs in the literature and from a pilot study comparing conventional and organic Milk Production. This review shows that LCAs of different case studies currently cannot be compared directly. Such a comparison requires further international standardisation of the LCA method. A within-case-study comparison of LCAs of conventional and organic Production, however, appeared suitable to gain knowledge and to track down main differences in potential environmental impact. Acidification potential of Milk Production, for example, is for 78–97% due to volatilisation of ammonia, which is not reduced necessarily by changing from conventional to organic Milk Production. Eutrophication potential per tonne of Milk or per ha of farmland was lower for organic than for conventional Milk Production due to lower fertiliser application rates. Global warming potential of Milk Production is for 48–65% due to emission of methane. Organic Milk Production inherently increases methane emission and, therefore, can reduce global warming potential only by reducing emission of carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide considerably. Organic Milk Production reduces pesticide use, whereas it increases land use per tonne of Milk. Conclusions regarding potential environmental impact of organic versus conventional Milk Production, however, are based largely on comparison of experimental farms. To show differences in potential environmental impact among various Production systems, however, LCAs should be performed at a large number of practical farms for each Production system of interest. Application of LCA on practical farms, however, requires in-depth research to understand underlying processes, and to predict, or measure, variation in emissions realised in practice.
Françoise Lescourret - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of foot lesions on Milk Production by dairy cows.
Journal of Dairy Science, 1996Co-Authors: Jean-baptiste Coulon, Françoise Lescourret, A FontyAbstract:Individual curves for Milk Production of 428 cows affected by foot lesions were compared with control curves drawn from data of healthy lactating cows. First, differences were classified into patterns of Milk loss, and their distribution was analyzed among the patterns with regard to breed, season, parity, stage of lactation, and Milk Production. Then, individual Milk losses were estimated and analyzed according to the same factors. During early lactation, as during mid to late lactation, no marked modifications of the lactation curves occurred for about one-half of the cases. In 25% of the cases, Milk Production was affected for an expanded period (medians were 17 wk for early lactation and 12 wk for mid to late lactation). Corresponding median Milk losses were 440 and 270 kg, respectively. Summer foot lesions were more severe than winter lesions, regardless of stage of lactation. Milk Production at foot lesion onset was a determining factor of the amount and pattern of Milk loss only for cases occurring during mid to late lactation.
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Modeling the Impact of Mastitis on Milk Production by Dairy Cows
Journal of dairy science, 1994Co-Authors: Françoise Lescourret, Jean-baptiste CoulonAbstract:Individual Milk Production curves of 542 cows with 722 cases of mastitis were compared with control curves drawn from healthy lactating cows. First, differences were classified into patterns of Milk loss, and their distribution was analyzed among the patterns with regard to breed, season, lactation number, stage of lactation, and Milk Production. Then, individual Milk losses were estimated and analyzed according to the same factors. In early lactation, almost 7% of mastitis cases necessitated culling or drying off. For 36% of the cases of mastitis occurring in early lactation, Milk Production was affected for an extended period, and the Milk loss induced was 911 kg on average over the entire lactation. Fifty-two percent of the mastitis cases occurring after lactation peak was not accompanied by marked modifications of the lactation curves. For 38% of cases of mastitis occurring from mid to late lactation, Milk Production was affected for an extended period. When Milk Production was the most affected (26% of total cases), the average loss was 850 kg over the entire lactation. For cases in early or mid to late lactation, the Production at mastitis onset was a determining factor of the amount and pattern of Milk Production loss induced. Results were applied in a simulation over two simulated groups of cows.
Perumal Ponraj - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Organic Milk Production System
2017Co-Authors: Perumal PonrajAbstract:Organic Milk Production system defines rearing of dairy animals on organic feed especially the pasture land is used to cultivate without the use of any chemicals like fertilizers or pesticides and restricted usage of antibiotics and hormones or any drugs or chemicals. The Milk is obtained such as a dairy farm is called as organic Milk and its products. Organic Milk Production system consists of goals, objectives, rules & regulations that the farmers need to follow to achieve the organic Milk Production at every time. In this book, definition of organic Milk, prospects of organic dairy farming, market potential, growth drivers to organic Milk, SWOT analysis to produce organic Milk, stages of organic Milk Production, benefits of organic Milk Production, estimation of organic Milk authenticity, regulating authorities, identified risks and policy need to be taken to improve the organic Milk Production are explained to get higher benefit on organic Milk Production. This book will be helpful for the dairy cattle rearers, Milk consumers, commercial dairy farmers, research scientists, Milk export & import agencies.
Donagh P. Berry - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Milk Production and Fertility in Cattle.
Annual review of animal biosciences, 2015Co-Authors: Donagh P. Berry, Nicolas Charles Friggens, M. C. Lucy, John R. RocheAbstract:Evolutionary biology provides reasons for why the intensive selection for Milk Production reduces reproductive success rates. There is considerable exploitable genetic variation in reproductive performance in both dairy and beef cattle, and examination of national genetic trends demonstrates that genetic gain for both reproductive performance and Milk Production is possible in a well-structured breeding program. Reproductive failure is often postulated to be a consequence of the greater negative energy balance associated with the genetic selection for increased Milk Production. However, experimental results indicate that the majority of the decline in reproductive performance cannot be attributed to early lactation energy balance, per se; reproductive success will, therefore, not be greatly improved by nutritional interventions aimed at reducing the extent of negative energy balance. Modeling can aid in better pinpointing the key physiological components governing reproductive success and, also, the impact of individual improvements on overall fertility, helping to prioritize variables for inclusion in breeding programs.
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Consequences of genetic selection for increased Milk Production in European seasonal pasture based systems of Milk Production
Livestock Science, 2005Co-Authors: Pat Dillon, Donagh P. Berry, Ross D Evans, Frank Buckley, Brendan HoranAbstract:Abstract The data presented in this review show that past selection for increased Milk Production in Ireland over a 14-year period (1990 to 2003) resulted in increases in Milk Production per cow but has been accompanied by undesirable side effects in reProduction and survival. Economic analysis in a EU Milk quota scenario over this period showed that only 41% of the potential improvement in farm profit was achieved because of impaired reproductive performance. Strain comparison studies show that genetic selection for increased phenotypic Milk Production, which is generally accompanied with increased proportion of North American Holstein Friesian genes, was associated with increased Milk Production per cow, lower body condition score, greater Milk Production response to concentrate supplementation at pasture and reduced fertility and survival. The lower reproductive performance observed with cows selected solely for high Milk Production was associated with lower energy balance in early lactation, greater partitioning of additional nutrients towards Milk Production, inability to achieve desired grass intake from pasture and decreased plasma glucose and insulin like growth factor-1 concentrations. The existence of genotype by environment interactions suggests that germplasm selected in the future should be from within the management system in which it is to be used, and based on a selection index that combines Production and other traits of economic importance.
