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Francisco Javier Giraldez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of sunflower oil supplementation and Milking Frequency reduction on sheep milk production and composition
Journal of Animal Science, 2013Co-Authors: Nuria Prieto, Raul Bodas, O Lopezcampos, Sonia Andres, Secundino Lopez, Francisco Javier GiraldezAbstract:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Milking Frequency reduction and dietary lipid supplementation on intake, BW, and milk yield and composition in high yielding dairy ewes. Ten lactating Assaf ewes were allocated into 2 experimental groups (n=5). Ewes were fed alfalfa hay ad libitum and 34 g·kg(-1) of BW of a concentrate feed with either 0 (Control group) or 43 g of sunflower oil·kg(-1) of DM (SO group). The experiment lasted 63 d and consisted of 3 periods. During Period 1 (from d 1 to 21), ewes were milked twice a day. During Period 2 (from d 22 to 49), ewes were unilaterally milked, so that each gland of each ewe was milked either once or twice daily. During Period 3 (from d 50 to the end of the experiment), both udder halves were again milked twice daily. Intake, BW, and milk composition were controlled weekly and milk production from each half udder was recorded twice a week. Total DM intake, BW, and milk yield in Period 1 were not significantly (P>0.10) affected by dietary treatments. Milk yield tended to be increased in the ewes fed the SO diet in periods 2 (P=0.093) and 3 (P=0.067). Oil supplementation (SO diet) significantly (P 0.10) by dietary lipid supplementation in any of the experimental periods. There were no significant (P>0.10) differences between half udders in milk yield and composition in Period 1, and in SCC in any of the experimental periods. Fat and total solids contents were unaffected (P>0.10) by reducing Milking Frequency. Nevertheless, milk protein content was increased (P<0.001) when glands were milked only once daily whereas milk yield and lactose content were decreased (P=0.001). The interaction between gland and diet was significant for lactose in Period 2, suggesting a greater effect of Milking Frequency reduction on tight junctions in Control ewes. In fact, the ratio between glands for milk yield was significantly (P<0.05) greater in SO (0.82) than in Control (0.72) ewes. In Period 3, this ratio increased but it was still lower in Control ewes (0.92 vs. 0.78, P<0.05). Thus, Milking Frequency reduction and SO supplementation seem to have counteracting effects on milk production and composition. Our results suggest that SO-supplemented ewes have a better capacity of adaptation to changes in Milking Frequency, probably due to processes induced in the mammary gland.
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Effect of sunflower oil supplementation and Milking Frequency reduction on sheep milk production and composition.
Journal of Animal Science, 2013Co-Authors: Nuria Prieto, Raul Bodas, Sonia Andres, Secundino Lopez, Ó. López-campos, Francisco Javier GiraldezAbstract:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Milking Frequency reduction and dietary lipid supplementation on intake, BW, and milk yield and composition in high yielding dairy ewes. Ten lactating Assaf ewes were allocated into 2 experimental groups (n=5). Ewes were fed alfalfa hay ad libitum and 34 g·kg(-1) of BW of a concentrate feed with either 0 (Control group) or 43 g of sunflower oil·kg(-1) of DM (SO group). The experiment lasted 63 d and consisted of 3 periods. During Period 1 (from d 1 to 21), ewes were milked twice a day. During Period 2 (from d 22 to 49), ewes were unilaterally milked, so that each gland of each ewe was milked either once or twice daily. During Period 3 (from d 50 to the end of the experiment), both udder halves were again milked twice daily. Intake, BW, and milk composition were controlled weekly and milk production from each half udder was recorded twice a week. Total DM intake, BW, and milk yield in Period 1 were not significantly (P>0.10) affected by dietary treatments. Milk yield tended to be increased in the ewes fed the SO diet in periods 2 (P=0.093) and 3 (P=0.067). Oil supplementation (SO diet) significantly (P 0.10) by dietary lipid supplementation in any of the experimental periods. There were no significant (P>0.10) differences between half udders in milk yield and composition in Period 1, and in SCC in any of the experimental periods. Fat and total solids contents were unaffected (P>0.10) by reducing Milking Frequency. Nevertheless, milk protein content was increased (P
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Effect of reduction of Milking Frequency and supplementation of vitamin E and selenium above requirements on milk yield and composition in Assaf ewes
Journal of Dairy Science, 2012Co-Authors: Eduardo Pulido, Sonia Andres, Raul Bodas, Francisco Javier Giraldez, Nuria PrietoAbstract:Abstract The aim of this research was to study the effect of Milking Frequency and supplementation with a vitaminmineral complex above requirements on intake, body weight (BW), and milk yield and composition in highyielding Assaf ewes. Sixteen lactating Assaf ewes were used in this study, separated into 4 groups of 4 ewes each. Animals in 2 of the groups (control groups) did not receive any extra vitamin-mineral supplement, whereas animals in the other 2 groups (supplement groups) received daily an oral dose of 1g of vitamin E (1,000IU, dl-α-tocopherol acetate) and 0.4mg of selenium (sodium selenite anhydrous). The experiment consisted of 2 consecutive periods of 3 wk (twice-daily Milking in both mammary glands) and 8 wk (once-daily Milking in one mammary gland and twice-daily Milking in the other gland). Intake, BW, and milk composition were controlled weekly, and milk production was recorded 3 times a week. Administration of the vitamin-mineral supplement had no effect on dry matter intake, BW, or milk production and composition. The reduction of Milking from twice to once a day caused a decrease in milk production and lactose concentration and a significant increase in protein concentration, total solids, and somatic cell count, without affecting the fat content. Administration of a vitamin E and Se supplement at the doses used in the present study does not seem to exert, in the short term, a noticeable effect on the mammary gland when Milking Frequency is reduced.
Juan Capote - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Short-term effects of Milking Frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats
Journal of Dairy Research, 2014Co-Authors: A Torres, Juan Capote, Lorenzo E. Hernández-castellano, Noemí Castro, A. Morales-delanuez, D. Sánchez-macías, Isabel Moreno-indias, Anastasio ArgüelloAbstract:Goats in Canary Islands are milked once a day by tradition, but in most countries with high technology on farms, goats are milked twice a day, which is known to improve milk yield. Therefore it is important to know whether the increase of Milking Frequency can improve the production without impairing milk quality. The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three Milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day. Twelve Majorera goats in early lactation (48±4 d in milk) were used. During a 5-week period, goats were milked once a day (X1) in weeks 1 and 5, twice a day (X2) in weeks 2 and 4, and three times a day (X3) in week 3. Milk recording and sampling were done on the last day of each experimental week. Milk yield increased by 26% from X1 to X2. No differences were obtained when goats were switched from X2 to X3, and from X3 to X2. The goats recovered the production level when they returned to X1. Different patterns of changes in the milk constituents due to the Milking Frequency effect were observed. Fat percentage increased when switched from X1 to X2, then decreased from X2 to X3, and from X3 to X2, whereas it did not show significant differences from X2 to X1. Milking Frequency did not affect the protein and lactose percentages. SCC values were unaffected when goats were milked X1, X2 and X3, but then they increased slightly when Milking Frequency was returned to X2 and X1. Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
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short communication effects of Milking Frequency on udder morphology milk partitioning and milk quality in 3 dairy goat breeds
Journal of Dairy Science, 2013Co-Authors: A Torres, Anastasio Argüello, Lorenzo E Hernandezcastellano, N Castro, Juan CapoteAbstract:Abstract Thirty-six dairy goats of 3 breeds (Majorera, Tinerfena, and Palmera) in mid lactation (124±8d in milk) were subjected unilaterally to once (×1) or twice daily Milking (×2) for 5wk to evaluate udder morphology, milk partitioning, and somatic cell count. Majorera and Palmera goats presented the highest and lowest udder depth values, respectively, whereas the differences between initial and final cistern-floor and teat-floor distances were not affected by Milking Frequency or breed factors. Cisternal and alveolar milk percentages were similar between ×1 and ×2 in the studied breeds. Milking Frequency did not affect milk composition in the cisternal fraction, suggesting a greater transfer of milk from the alveoli to the cistern during early udder filling. However, Milking Frequency caused diverse changes in the milk composition in the alveolar fraction, especially in fat, lactose, and total solids contents. No udder halves presented clinical mastitis during the experimental period, suggesting that ×1 does not impair udder health and indicating that the studied breeds are adapted to this Milking Frequency.
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Effects of breed and Milking Frequency on udder histological structures in dairy goats
Journal of Applied Animal Research, 2013Co-Authors: Aridany Suárez-trujillo, Anastasio Argüello, Juan Capote, Noemí Castro, A. Morales-delanuez, Alexander Torres, Jésica Morales, Miguel RiveroAbstract:Tissue percentages (secretory, connective, ductal and vascular tissues) and the number and size of the alveoli in the udders of three dairy goat breeds under two Milking frequencies (once- vs. twice-daily Milking) were studied. Nine dairy goats, three of each breed studied (Majorera, Tinerfena and Palmera), were milked during 6 weeks beginning at the tenth week of lactation. The right udder half was milked twice daily, and the left udder half was milked once daily. Moreover, during the experimental period, morphological udder data, milk yield, milk fractioning and milk composition were recorded. The goats were sacrificed and two samples for each gland were taken for the histological study. The statistical analyses revealed that the histological parameters were not influenced by the Milking Frequency, and that the breed determines different percentage of tissue components. Correlations between morphological parameters of the udder and milk-yielding parameters were high and determined the greater importance...
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Effect of Milking Frequency on milk immunoglobulin concentration (IgG, IgM and IgA) and chitotriosidase activity in Majorera goats
Small Ruminant Research, 2011Co-Authors: Lorenzo E. Hernández-castellano, Anastasio Argüello, Juan Capote, A Torres, A. Alavoine, M. D. Ruiz-diaz, Noemí CastroAbstract:Abstract Eleven goats belonging to Majorera breed were used during the early lactation to determine the milk IgG, IgM and IgA concentration and the chitotriosidase (ChT) activity in milk at three different Milking frequencies. Goats were machine milked during 5 weeks; at week 1 and 5 once daily, at week 2 and 4 twice daily and at week 3, three times a day. Every week, milk samples (50 ml) were collected from each goat after the morning Milking. The samples were aliquoted and storage at −80 °C until immunoglobulins concentration and ChT activity were analyzed. To determine the IgG, IgM and IgA concentration a commercial goat ELISA kit was used and ChT activity was measured using a fluorimetric assay. Milk IgG and IgM concentration decreased as Milking Frequency increased, showing an enhance trend when the Milking Frequency returned to Milking once daily. IgA concentration increased throughout the experimental period from 0.03 mg/ml (week 1) to 0.09 mg/ml (week 4). ChT activity decreased from week 1 (782.90 nmol/ml/h) to week 5 (651.18 nmol/ml/h). In conclusion, Milking Frequency affected the milk immune status, although different evolutions have been observed. Findings in the present report might help in the discussion about the susceptibility of mastitis when Milking Frequency is increased.
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The effects of the Milking Frequency and milk production levels on milk partitioning in Tinerfeña dairy goats.
Milchwissenschaft-milk Science International, 2009Co-Authors: Juan Capote, Noemí Castro, Gerardo Caja, G. Fernandez, Morales-delanuez, Anastasio ArgüelloAbstract:Two Milking frequencies (once daily (X1) vs twice daily (X2)) were studied throughout the second lactation of 65 Tinerfena dairy goats, recording machine milk (MM), machine stripping milk (MSM) and residual milk (RM). At the end of the lactation the animals were grouped according to their Milking Frequency, and assigned to a ranked production group of high, medium or low. The machine Milking parameter was not affected by Milking Frequency although X2 machine stripping milk was always significantly higher than X1 (41.0 vs 84.0%) and the residual milk was higher in X1 (28.3 vs 48.3%). No significant differences were observed when Milking partitioning percentages relating to production level groups were evaluated, and this supports the hypothesis that milkability depends on genetic factors.
Helene Jammes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Milking Frequency modifies DNA methylation at a CSN1 regulatory region in the bovine mammary gland
2012Co-Authors: Minh Nguyen, Helene Jammes, Marion Boutinaud, Madia Charlier, Anne Gabory, Laurent Galio, Clemence Kress, Frederic Dessauge, Barbara Petridou, Eve DevinoyAbstract:Milking Frequency influences milk production in cows by regulating milk synthesis and secretion. This in turn involves a number of genes that are differentially expressed. In this study, we hypothesized that Milking Frequency changes the milk yield through altered gene expression by modifying the methylation at CpGs dinucleotides located within regulatory regions. We focused on a candidate regulatory region of one casein gene (CSN1). Eight heifers were studied over three periods. Period 1: twice daily Milking for 5 days of both udders of each heifer. Period 2: differential Milking for 7 days: right and left udders were milked twice and once a day, respectively. Period 3: both udders returned to twice daily Milking. Milk yield was recorded every day over the three periods. Biopsies from left & right udders were taken at the the end of period 2. Global DNA methylation was evaluated using the LUMA assay. DNA methylation of three CpGs located within a distal regulatory region CSN1 was analyzed using pyrosequencing after bisulfite treatment of genomic DNA. The mRNA expression levels have been quantified by RNASeq. Significance of results was studied with the Wilcoxon test. Global methylation of the once daily Milking group (75.9%) is higher compared with the twice daily Milking group (74.6%) but only significant if one of the eight heifers, which behaved differently from the others, was excluded (P=0.04). The DNA methylation of all three CpG in the once daily Milking group is higher that that of twice daily Milking group (P=0.02, P=0.07, and P=0.02, respectively). Once daily Milking increases DNA methylation at a regulatory region of the CSN1 gene and at the global level in the bovine mammary gland, to a certain extent. These modifications are related to transcription of the casein genes and to some ncRNA.
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Milking Frequency modifies the DNA methylation at the global level and the CSN1 regulatory region in the bovine mammary gland
2011Co-Authors: Minh Nguyen, Helene Jammes, Marion Boutinaud, Stephan Bouet, Madia Charlier, Anne Gabory, Laurent Galio, Clemence Kress, Jorg Tost, Eve DevinoyAbstract:Background: Milking Frequency influences milk production in cows by regulating milk synthesis and secretion (i). The higher or lower milk synthesis and secretion involve a number of genes that are differentially expressed. It has been well established that variation in DNA methylation at the CpGs located in the regulatory region of genes causes variation in gene expression. In this study, we hypothesized that Milking Frequency changes the milk yield through altered gene expression by modifying the methylation at CpGs dinucleotides located in gene regulatory regions. Materials & Methods: Eight heifers were studied in three periods. Period 1: twice daily Milking for 5 days: both udders of each heifer were milked twice a day. Period 2: differential Milking for 7 days: right udder was milked twice a day; left udder was milked once a day. Period 3: both udders returned to twice daily Milking. Milk yield was recorded every day over the three periods. Biopsies from left & right udders were taken at the end of period 2 for histology, DNA, and RNA preparations. Global DNA methylation was evaluated using the LUMA assay. DNA methylation of three CpGs located within a distal regulatory region of one casein gene, CSN1, was analyzed using pyrosequencing of the PCR products amplified from bisulphite treated genomic DNA. The genome wide methylated regions will be captured and sequenced using MeDIP-Seq. The mRNA expression of CSN1 and other candidate genes obtained from MeDIP-Seq will be quantified using RT-qPCR. Results: Global methylation of the once daily Milking group (75.9%) is higher compared to the twice daily Milking group (74.6%). However the difference is not statistically significant (P=0.16). A closer look at the global methylation of each individual showed that one of eight heifers (8156) behaved differently from the others. When this individual was excluded, the two sets of data became significantly different (P=0.04). The DNA methylation of all three CpG1, CpG2, and CpG3 of once daily Milking group is higher than that of twice daily Milking group (P=0.02, P=0.07, and P=0.02, respectively). Those results are in accordance with global methylation profiles. Conclusion: Milking Frequency modifies the DNA methylation to a certain extent at the global level and at the local CSN1 regulatory region in the bovine mammary gland. We are presently studying the relation of those modified DNA methylation and CSN1 mRNA expression using RT-qPCR. At the genome wide level, all possible methylated regulatory regions in the genome will be captured and sequenced using MEDIP-Seq. Gene expression of corresponding candidate genes will then be quantified. (i) Boutinaud et al. 2008. J Dairy Sci. 91: 988-98.
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Growth hormone increases Stat5 and Stat1 expression in lactating goat mammary gland: a specific effect compared to Milking Frequency
Domestic Animal Endocrinology, 2004Co-Authors: Marion Boutinaud, Helene JammesAbstract:In ruminants, both Milking Frequency and exogenous GH treatment affect milk production. In a previous report, we showed that the modulation of milk yield due to variations in Milking Frequency and GH treatment was associated with variations in mammary cell numbers. The aim of this study was to clarify the different mechanisms governing the effects of GH treatment and Milking Frequency on signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) expression and activation, and on the expression of genes involved in mammary cell differentiation. Six Saanen goats in late lactation were milked once daily from one half-udder and thrice daily from the other half-udder for 23 days. At the same time, the goats were divided into two groups: GH-treated versus control group. After slaughter of the goats, soluble mammary proteins and RNA were extracted from half-udder samples. Levels of Stat5, Stat3 and Stat1 proteins and the Stat activation by phosphorylation were analysed by Western blot. The amounts of Stat5 protein and mRNA were significantly elevated by GH treatment in all half-udders (milked once or thrice daily). Positive Stat5 immunoreactivity was principally localised in the nuclei of epithelial cells, with heterogeneous intensity between cells. No significant changes in Stat5 protein phosphorylation levels were observed. Furthermore, GH significantly increased Stat1 protein levels, without modifying the level of Stat1 tyrosine phosphorylation, and tended to reduce the abundance of Stat3 protein. In contrast, Milking Frequency failed to modify Stat gene expression, protein level and phosphorylation. Using Northern blot, we showed that levels of kappa casein and prolactin receptor mRNA were not affected by the treatments. These observations suggest that GH probably acts specifically on mammary cells by regulating the expression of Stat1, 3 and 5. In contrast, Milking Frequency does not act through this regulatory pathway.
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growth hormone and Milking Frequency act differently on goat mammary gland in late lactation
Journal of Dairy Science, 2003Co-Authors: Mario Outinaud, C Rousseau, D H Keisle, Helene JammesAbstract:Abstract In ruminants, milk yield can be affected by treatment with growth hormone (rbGH) and/or changes in Frequency of Milking. Frequent Milkings encourage the maintenance of lactation, whereas infrequent Milkings result in mammary involution. Our objective was to evaluate the influence of rbGH treatment and Milking Frequency on mammary gland morphology and milk composition. After adaptation to twice-daily Milkings, six Saanen goats in late lactation were milked once daily from one udder-half and thrice-daily from the other udder-half. Concurrently, three of the six goats received daily injections of rbGH. After 23 d of treatment, Milking Frequency significantly affected milk yield (+8% vs. −26% for thrice- vs. once-daily Milking). Additionally, treatments of rbGH increased milk yield from thrice-daily milked udder-halves (+19%), but failed to abate the reduction in milk yield from once-daily milked udder-halves (−31%). Mammary glands were heavier in the frequently milked udder-halves and in GH-treated goats. Based on histological and DNA analysis of mammary tissues, it was determined that Milking Frequency clearly affected epithelial cell numbers and alveolar diameter, whereas rbGH induced a potential cell hypertrophy and only a tendency to increase and/or maintain the mammary cell number. RNA concentration and kappa casein gene expression were not affected by treatments. In udder-halves milked once-daily, low casein:whey protein ratios, high Na + :K + ratios, and high somatic cell counts (SCC) were indicative of changes in epithelial permeability, which rbGH treatment facilitated. The present data suggest that Milking Frequency and exogenous treatments of rbGH use different cellular mechanisms to influence mammary gland morphology and milk production.
Nuria Prieto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of sunflower oil supplementation and Milking Frequency reduction on sheep milk production and composition
Journal of Animal Science, 2013Co-Authors: Nuria Prieto, Raul Bodas, O Lopezcampos, Sonia Andres, Secundino Lopez, Francisco Javier GiraldezAbstract:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Milking Frequency reduction and dietary lipid supplementation on intake, BW, and milk yield and composition in high yielding dairy ewes. Ten lactating Assaf ewes were allocated into 2 experimental groups (n=5). Ewes were fed alfalfa hay ad libitum and 34 g·kg(-1) of BW of a concentrate feed with either 0 (Control group) or 43 g of sunflower oil·kg(-1) of DM (SO group). The experiment lasted 63 d and consisted of 3 periods. During Period 1 (from d 1 to 21), ewes were milked twice a day. During Period 2 (from d 22 to 49), ewes were unilaterally milked, so that each gland of each ewe was milked either once or twice daily. During Period 3 (from d 50 to the end of the experiment), both udder halves were again milked twice daily. Intake, BW, and milk composition were controlled weekly and milk production from each half udder was recorded twice a week. Total DM intake, BW, and milk yield in Period 1 were not significantly (P>0.10) affected by dietary treatments. Milk yield tended to be increased in the ewes fed the SO diet in periods 2 (P=0.093) and 3 (P=0.067). Oil supplementation (SO diet) significantly (P 0.10) by dietary lipid supplementation in any of the experimental periods. There were no significant (P>0.10) differences between half udders in milk yield and composition in Period 1, and in SCC in any of the experimental periods. Fat and total solids contents were unaffected (P>0.10) by reducing Milking Frequency. Nevertheless, milk protein content was increased (P<0.001) when glands were milked only once daily whereas milk yield and lactose content were decreased (P=0.001). The interaction between gland and diet was significant for lactose in Period 2, suggesting a greater effect of Milking Frequency reduction on tight junctions in Control ewes. In fact, the ratio between glands for milk yield was significantly (P<0.05) greater in SO (0.82) than in Control (0.72) ewes. In Period 3, this ratio increased but it was still lower in Control ewes (0.92 vs. 0.78, P<0.05). Thus, Milking Frequency reduction and SO supplementation seem to have counteracting effects on milk production and composition. Our results suggest that SO-supplemented ewes have a better capacity of adaptation to changes in Milking Frequency, probably due to processes induced in the mammary gland.
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Effect of sunflower oil supplementation and Milking Frequency reduction on sheep milk production and composition.
Journal of Animal Science, 2013Co-Authors: Nuria Prieto, Raul Bodas, Sonia Andres, Secundino Lopez, Ó. López-campos, Francisco Javier GiraldezAbstract:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Milking Frequency reduction and dietary lipid supplementation on intake, BW, and milk yield and composition in high yielding dairy ewes. Ten lactating Assaf ewes were allocated into 2 experimental groups (n=5). Ewes were fed alfalfa hay ad libitum and 34 g·kg(-1) of BW of a concentrate feed with either 0 (Control group) or 43 g of sunflower oil·kg(-1) of DM (SO group). The experiment lasted 63 d and consisted of 3 periods. During Period 1 (from d 1 to 21), ewes were milked twice a day. During Period 2 (from d 22 to 49), ewes were unilaterally milked, so that each gland of each ewe was milked either once or twice daily. During Period 3 (from d 50 to the end of the experiment), both udder halves were again milked twice daily. Intake, BW, and milk composition were controlled weekly and milk production from each half udder was recorded twice a week. Total DM intake, BW, and milk yield in Period 1 were not significantly (P>0.10) affected by dietary treatments. Milk yield tended to be increased in the ewes fed the SO diet in periods 2 (P=0.093) and 3 (P=0.067). Oil supplementation (SO diet) significantly (P 0.10) by dietary lipid supplementation in any of the experimental periods. There were no significant (P>0.10) differences between half udders in milk yield and composition in Period 1, and in SCC in any of the experimental periods. Fat and total solids contents were unaffected (P>0.10) by reducing Milking Frequency. Nevertheless, milk protein content was increased (P
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Effect of reduction of Milking Frequency and supplementation of vitamin E and selenium above requirements on milk yield and composition in Assaf ewes
Journal of Dairy Science, 2012Co-Authors: Eduardo Pulido, Sonia Andres, Raul Bodas, Francisco Javier Giraldez, Nuria PrietoAbstract:Abstract The aim of this research was to study the effect of Milking Frequency and supplementation with a vitaminmineral complex above requirements on intake, body weight (BW), and milk yield and composition in highyielding Assaf ewes. Sixteen lactating Assaf ewes were used in this study, separated into 4 groups of 4 ewes each. Animals in 2 of the groups (control groups) did not receive any extra vitamin-mineral supplement, whereas animals in the other 2 groups (supplement groups) received daily an oral dose of 1g of vitamin E (1,000IU, dl-α-tocopherol acetate) and 0.4mg of selenium (sodium selenite anhydrous). The experiment consisted of 2 consecutive periods of 3 wk (twice-daily Milking in both mammary glands) and 8 wk (once-daily Milking in one mammary gland and twice-daily Milking in the other gland). Intake, BW, and milk composition were controlled weekly, and milk production was recorded 3 times a week. Administration of the vitamin-mineral supplement had no effect on dry matter intake, BW, or milk production and composition. The reduction of Milking from twice to once a day caused a decrease in milk production and lactose concentration and a significant increase in protein concentration, total solids, and somatic cell count, without affecting the fat content. Administration of a vitamin E and Se supplement at the doses used in the present study does not seem to exert, in the short term, a noticeable effect on the mammary gland when Milking Frequency is reduced.
G N Akpa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Influence of Milking Frequency on latation characteristics of red Sokoto goats
Animal Research International, 2008Co-Authors: G N Akpa, O Yashim, S.m. YashimAbstract:The study was carried out to determine the consequences of Milking Frequency on total yield, average-daily yield, peak day, flow rate, dairy merit and persistency in Red Sokoto goats. Thirty lactating does were divided into three categories on Milking frequencies, once a day, trice a day and thrice a day Milking of 10 animals each. All the does were at their third lactation and were hand milked for a period of 120 days postpartum. Over the 120 days lactation period, total yield, average daily yield, peak yield, peak day, flow rate, dairy merit and persistency were 55.5±2.95 kg, 0.466±0.025 kg, 0.791±0.042 kg 33.8±4.01 d, 3.7±0.25 g/d, 10.6±0.21 % and 96.1±7.92 %. Milking Frequency significantly (P Animal Research International Vol. 1 (3) 2004 pp. 140-143
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Milk Flow Rate and Milking Frequency in Red Sokoto Goats
Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2003Co-Authors: G N AkpaAbstract:Twenty-four Red Sokoto goats were hand milked for 120 days to determine milk flow rate. The does were grouped into three for once, twice and thrice a day Milking to determine the effect of milkin g Frequency on milk flow rate. The average daily milk yield and milk flow rate was 466.9g and 3.5g/sec, respectively. Milking Frequency significantly (P
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milk flow rate and Milking Frequency in red sokoto goats
Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2003Co-Authors: G N Akpa, C U Osuhor, T S Olugbemi, P I NwaniAbstract:Twenty-four Red Sokoto goats were hand milked for 120 days to determine milk flow rate. The does were grouped into three for once, twice and thrice a day Milking to determine the effect of milkin g Frequency on milk flow rate. The average daily milk yield and milk flow rate was 466.9g and 3.5g/sec, respectively. Milking Frequency significantly (P<0.01) influenced milk yield and milk flow rate. The higher the Milking Frequency, the higher the milk yield, but with a decreasing flow rate. Milk yield and milk flow rate were significantly (P<0.01) and positively correlated (r = 0.88). Both milk yield and flow rate reached their peak at the 4 week of production. The optimum Milking Frequency for Red Sokoto goat in this study was the twice th daily Milking, since there was 52.7% increase in milk yield from once a day, with a marginal 7.9% reduction in milk flow rate.