The Experts below are selected from a list of 111 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Marek Kwiek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • revisiting the classical german idea of the university on the nationalization of the Modern Institution
    Polish Journal of Philosophy, 2008
    Co-Authors: Marek Kwiek
    Abstract:

    The aim of the paper is to provide a philosophical and historical background to current discussions about the changing relationships between the university and the state through revisiting the classical "Humboldtian" model of the university as discussed in classical German philosophy. This historical detour is intended to highlight the cultural rootedness of the Modern idea of the university, and its close links to the idea of the Modern national state. The paper discusses the idea of the university as it emerges from the philosophy of Wilhelm von Humbold, Johann Gottlieb Fichte and Friedrich Schleiermacher, as well as - in the 20 th century - Karl Jaspers and Jurgen Habermas. More detailed questions discussed include the historical pact between the Modern university and the Modern nation-state, the main principles of the Humboldtian university, the process of the nationalization of European universities, the national aspect of the German idea of culture (Bildung), and the tension between the pursuit of truth and public responsibilities of the Modern university. In discussing current and future missions and roles of the Institution of the university today, it can be useful to revisit its foundational (Modern) German idea. In thinking about its future, it can be constructive to reflect on the evident current tensions between traditional Modern expectations of the university and the new expectations intensified by the emergence of knowledge-based societies and market- driven economies. From the perspective of the tensions between old and new tasks of the university, it is useful to look back at the turning point in its history.

  • the classical german idea of the university revisited or on the nationalization of the Modern Institution
    2006
    Co-Authors: Marek Kwiek
    Abstract:

    The aim of the paper is to provide a philosophical and historical background to current discussions about the changing relationships between the university and the state (and the university and society) through revisiting the classical “Humboldtian” model of the university. This historical detour is intended to show the cultural rootedness of the Modern “idea of the university”, and its close links to the idea of the Modern national state. The background is provided by the discussion of such German philosophers and scholars as Wilhelm von Humboldt, Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Friedrich Schleiermacher, Friedrich W.J. Schelling (the founding fathers of the University of Berlin) in the 19th century, as well as the controversy between Karl Jaspers and Jurgen Habermas in the 20th century. The paper consists of the following sections: the university and society: basic questions; the Modern university, the nation-state, and “retrospective constructions; the three main principles of the Humboldtian university; the nationalization of European universities: serving the nation; the national aspect of the German Bildung; the pursuit of truth vs. public responsibilities of the Modern university; the (foundational) idea of the university vs. its embodiments (the exposition of the Jaspers/Habermas controversy); the university and the state: a Modern pact; the renewal of the university vs. the regeneration of the nation; knowledge for its own sake and Wilhelm von Humboldt; Humboldt‟s university vs. the “Humboldtian” university; the University of Berlin: new weapons to continue the struggle lost in the battleground; Humboldt and the role of Bildung; the rebirth of the German nation through education (Johann Gottlieb Fichte)?; giving birth to a new world and the Heideggerian overtones; the state, the university, and academic freedom (Friedrich Schleiermacher); philosophy and education (Friedrich W.J. Schelling); and conclusions.

  • the nation state globalisation and the Modern Institution of the university
    Theoria, 2000
    Co-Authors: Marek Kwiek
    Abstract:

    1. Thinking about the „identity crisis” of the Modern Institution of the university, I was wondering about the following most general questions: does the current passage to late Modernity and to the information age, the decline of the role of the nation-state and the increasing power of processes of globalization mean the inevitability of the radical reformulation of the social mission and tasks of the Institution of the university? Does the university (in North America and Central Europe alike) come through the transitory crisis of public trust and of its founding values or through the dramatic crisis of its own identity in a radically new global order? Is it so that in the face of globalization and its social practices the process of the „corporatization” of the university and the account of its activities in terms of business rather than education are irresistible? Is the response to the decreasing public trust in and decreasing financial support of higher education generally on the part of the state to be found in new ideas (by reformulating once again the philosophical foundations of the Modern university) or in its new organization (by following the explicit recommendations provided by such supranational organizations as the OECD, the World Bank, or UNESCO)? Surprisingly enough, these questions are of equal significance to North America and to a Central and Eastern Europe experiencing vast social and economic transformation. In both parts of the world the most common reflection upon the future functioning of higher education is the following: „things will never be the same”.

Maya Lavrinovich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the sheremetev almshouse in 1810 1812 arranging a Modern Institution in a pre Modern urban society
    2014
    Co-Authors: Maya Lavrinovich
    Abstract:

    This paper examines an attempt to implement Modern disciplinary practices in a new charity Institution in early 19th century Moscow. The Sheremetev Almshouse was the first charity Institution in Russia to expose the applicants for relief to inspections and visitations – practice borrowed from the system of outdoor relief established in Central and Western Europe since Reformation. The study demonstrates that the recipients were married men or widows with numerous children. They all belonged to the middling sort of Moscow dwellers, i.e. they were families of clerks and officials or non-commissioned and commissioned officers of middle ranks, sometimes, of priests, and considerable number of them had additional sources of income besides the relief they intended to receive from the Almshouse. Apparently, for members of these strata, applying for an extraneous relief was a kind of everyday practice. Yet, even though for none of them this relief was crucial for survival, they were still willing to consent to the inspections conducted for the administration in order to confirm their decent way of life. The focus of administrators on evaluating the social and moral conditions on the poor indicates that the Sheremetev Almshouse played a role generally associated with the state Institutions established during the Catherine II’s reign in order to extend the Modernizing efforts to a wider strata of the Empire's population.

  • The Sheremetev Almshouse In 1810–1812: Arranging A Modern Institution In A Pre-Modern Urban Society
    SSRN Electronic Journal, 2014
    Co-Authors: Maya Lavrinovich
    Abstract:

    This paper examines an attempt to implement Modern disciplinary practices in a new charity Institution in early 19th century Moscow. The Sheremetev Almshouse was the first charity Institution in Russia to expose the applicants for relief to inspections and visitations – practice borrowed from the system of outdoor relief established in Central and Western Europe since Reformation. The study demonstrates that the recipients were married men or widows with numerous children. They all belonged to the middling sort of Moscow dwellers, i.e. they were families of clerks and officials or non-commissioned and commissioned officers of middle ranks, sometimes, of priests, and considerable number of them had additional sources of income besides the relief they intended to receive from the Almshouse. Apparently, for members of these strata, applying for an extraneous relief was a kind of everyday practice. Yet, even though for none of them this relief was crucial for survival, they were still willing to consent to the inspections conducted for the administration in order to confirm their decent way of life. The focus of administrators on evaluating the social and moral conditions on the poor indicates that the Sheremetev Almshouse played a role generally associated with the state Institutions established during the Catherine II’s reign in order to extend the Modernizing efforts to a wider strata of the Empire's population.

Li Peng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Debate on the Idea and Institution in the Judiciary Reform——the Interaction Between the Traditional Idea and Modern Institution
    Journal of Shanxi Teachers University, 2020
    Co-Authors: Li Peng
    Abstract:

    The adaptability and requirement of the people on the legal system are the foundation on which we establish the Institution in the judiciary reform. Furthermore, people's idea about the litigation determines their adaptability to the Institution. Through the analysis on the tradition and development of people's idea on litigation and the legal system, we must conform the Institution which is appropriate to people, based on the reasonable are elements of the traditional legal culture. On the other hand, we may establish the Institution, which is advanced appropriately to improve the people's idea about the litigation, which will make the interaction between the traditional idea and the Modern Institution, be realized.

Manoj Kumar Mishra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Interrogating Naturalness of National Identity
    Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences, 2020
    Co-Authors: Manoj Kumar Mishra
    Abstract:

    Nation-state has been considered both an intellectual brainchild and a practical offshoot of the European Enlightenment. The liberal philosophy as an intellectual representative of the Enlightenment tradition and the Modernists who emphasize Modernization as the practical derivative of it not only deliberated on the simultaneousness and coexistence of the two happenings—the rise of national consciousness on the one hand and appreciation for Modern values such as equality, liberty and justice on the other, many theorists argued that these Modern values could be realized within a nation-state model (a Modern Institution). Hence, they contributed to naturalization and de-politicization of the nation-state model. Naturalization/secularization of the nation-state idea without deliberating on the possibilities of politicization and construction of national identities legitimize exclusion of people from national space, drives toward homogenization and nation-building process producing refugees and stateless people. Further, nation-states do not feel the urgency in meeting the normative demands of the international order that strive to defend human rights and address the problem of statelessness. In this context, the article seeks to interrogate the naturalness of national identity of individuals by examining the factors that tend to secularize and naturalize it and by unraveling the real socioeconomic forces that engender and shape national identity and help it look the way it does.

Li Ding-qing - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.