The Experts below are selected from a list of 137148 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Clive R Taylor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • antigen retrieval technique
    2017
    Co-Authors: Shan Rong Shi, Richard J Cote, Clive R Taylor
    Abstract:

    Development of the antigen retrieval (AR) technique, a simple method of boiling archival paraffin-embedded tissue sections in water to enhance the signal of immunohistochemistry (IHC), was the fruit of pioneering efforts guided by the philosophy of rendering IHC applicable to routine formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues for wide application of IHC in research and clinical pathology. On the basis of thousands of articles and many reviews, a book has recently been published that summarizes basic principles for practice and further development of the AR technique. Major topics with respect to several critical issues, such as the definition, application, technical principles, and further studies of the AR technique, are highlighted in this article. In particular, a further application of the heat-induced retrieval approach for sufficient extraction of nucleic acids in addition to proteins, and standardization of routine IHC based on the AR technique in terms of a test battery approach, are also addressed. Furthermore, understanding the mechanism of the AR technique may shed light on facilitating the development of Molecular Morphology.

  • standardization in immunohistochemistry the role of antigen retrieval in Molecular Morphology
    Biotechnic & Histochemistry, 2006
    Co-Authors: Clive R Taylor
    Abstract:

    Molecular Morphology seeks to integrate the traditional morphologic criteria of surgical pathology with immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization techniques that allow demonstration of a variet...

  • antigen retrieval immunohistochemistry and Molecular Morphology in the year 2001
    Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology, 2001
    Co-Authors: Shan Rong Shi, Richard J Cote, Clive R Taylor
    Abstract:

    The impact of the antigen retrieval (AR) technique upon diagnostic immunohistochemistry (IHC) and upon research has been demonstrated by numerous of articles and more than a dozen major reviews. The specific aim of this survey of the field is to examine potential new approaches to retrieval of nucleic acid and protein from archival paraffin-embedded tissue for Molecular biology-based diagnostic procedures that form the basis of the emerging field of Molecular Morphology. Any new approach must incorporate the principles of standardization and improved reproducibility. The ultimate goal will be to understand the mechanisms of fixation (by formalin) and "unfixation" (by AR). In the interim, the diligent application of practical procedures that have been shown to be tried and true is the least that we must demand from ourselves and our laboratories.

Haitao Yu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • spatial structure and anti fatigue of polysaccharide from inonotus obliquus
    International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2020
    Co-Authors: Chunjing Zhang, Jing Xu, Lin Li, Hao Cheng, Haitao Yu
    Abstract:

    Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the spatial structure and potential antifatigue activity of polysaccharide fractions which was extracted from Inonotus obliquus. The first polysaccharide fractions of Inonotus obliquus (PIO-1) were obtained after hot-water extraction and purification by DEAE cellulose-52 chromatography. Results of the forced swimming test showed that the doses (50 mg/kg) of PIO-1 could increase the climbing duration and swimming time as well as reduced the immobility time in the PIO treated mice. The fatigue related metabolic parameters showed that PIO-1 decreased the level of blood lactic acid (BLA), urea nitrogen (BUN) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH). Additionally, PIO-1 significantly decreased the 5-HT concentrations in the mice brain. The results of monosaccharide analysis showed that the molar ratio of mannose, glucose, galactose, xylose and arabinose with the molar ratio of 1.0:1.9:3.5:18.5:5.7. The Molecular Morphology of the PIO-1 observed under atomic force microscopy (AFM). There were many spherical and heterogeneous clumps existed in the images. Therefore, current study indicated polysaccharide PIO-1 not only has great potential to postpone physical fatigue but also shown potential to improve mental fatigue.

David G. Lidzey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Correlating Molecular Morphology with optoelectronic function in solar cells based on low band-gap copolymer:fullerene blends
    Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 2013
    Co-Authors: Tao Wang, Andrew J. Pearson, David G. Lidzey
    Abstract:

    We review recent progress in the development of organic bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells employing donor-acceptor copolymers as the electron-donor and fullerene derivatives as the electron-acceptor. We discuss the role of the donor and acceptor moieties, side-chains, bridging units and atomic substitutions of the copolymers on their optoelectronic functionality. The physical properties, e. g. Molecular conformation, miscibility, phase-separated lateral and vertical Morphology, of various photovoltaic blends prepared via solution casting and post-treatments are reviewed and correlated with photovoltaic device performance. Factors influencing the morphological stability of polymer: fullerene BHJ thin-films are briefly discussed. Finally, we address the use of thin organic interlayers to increase the efficiency of BHJ solar cells.

Felder D.l. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Emergence of Lobsters: Phylogenetic Relationships, Morphological Evolution and Divergence Time Comparisons of an Ancient Group (Decapoda: Achelata, Astacidea, Glypheidea, Polychelida)
    'Oxford University Press (OUP)', 2014
    Co-Authors: Bracken-grissom H.d., Ahyong S.t., Wilkinson R.d., Feldmann R.m., Schweitzer C.e., Breinholt J.w., Bendall M., Palero F., Chan T-y., Felder D.l.
    Abstract:

    Lobsters are a ubiquitous and economically important group of decapod crustaceans that include the infraorders Polychelida, Glypheidea, Astacidea and Achelata. They include familiar forms such as the spiny, slipper, clawed lobsters and crayfish and unfamiliar forms such as the deep-sea and “living fossil” species. The high degree of morphological diversity among these infraorders has led to a dynamic classification and conflicting hypotheses of evolutionary relationships. In this study, we estimated phylogenetic relationships among the major groups of all lobster families and 94% of the genera using six genes (mitochondrial and nuclear) and 195 morphological characters across 173 species of lobsters for the most comprehensive sampling to date. Lobsters were recovered as a non-monophyletic assemblage in the combined (Molecular + Morphology) analysis. All families were monophyletic, with the exception of Cambaridae, and 7 of 79 genera were recovered as poly- or paraphyletic. A rich fossil history coupled with dense taxon coverage allowed us to estimate and compare divergence times and origins of major lineages using two drastically different approaches. Age priors were constructed and/or included based on fossil age information or fossil discovery, age, and extant species count data. Results from the two approaches were largely congruent across deep to shallow taxonomic divergences across major lineages. The origin of the first lobster-like decapod (Polychelida) was estimated in the Devonian (∼409–372 Ma) with all infraorders present in the Carboniferous (∼353–318 Ma). Fossil calibration subsampling studies examined the influence of sampling density (number of fossils) and placement (deep, middle, and shallow) on divergence time estimates. Results from our study suggest including at least 1 fossil per 10 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in divergence dating analyses. [Dating; decapods; divergence; lobsters; Molecular; Morphology; phylogenetics.

Felder, Darryl L. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Data from: The emergence of the lobsters: phylogenetic relationships, morphological evolution and divergence time comparisons of an ancient group (Decapoda: Achelata, Astacidea, Glypheidea, Polychelida)
    2014
    Co-Authors: Bracken-grissom, Heather D., Ahyong, Shane T., Wilkinson, Richard D., Felmann, Rodney M., Schweitzer, Carrie E., Breinholt, Jesse W., Bendall Matthew, Palero Ferran, Chan Tin-yam, Felder, Darryl L.
    Abstract:

    Lobsters are a ubiquitous and economically important group of decapod crustaceans that includes the infraorders Polychelida, Glypheidea, Astacidea and Achelata. They include familiar forms such as the spiny, slipper, clawed lobsters and crayfish and unfamiliar forms such as the deep-sea and “living fossil” species. The high degree of morphological diversity among these infraorders has led to a dynamic classification and conflicting hypotheses of evolutionary relationships. In this study, we estimated phylogenetic relationships amongst the major groups of all lobster families and 94% of the genera using 6 genes (mitochondrial and nuclear) and 195 morphological characters across 173 species of lobsters for the most comprehensive sampling to date. Lobsters were recovered as a non-monophyletic assemblage in the combined (Molecular + Morphology) analysis. All families were monophyletic, with the exception of Cambaridae, and 7 of 79 genera were recovered as poly- or paraphyletic. A rich fossil history coupled with dense taxon coverage allowed us to estimate and compare divergence times and origins of major lineages using two drastically different approaches. Age priors were constructed and/or included based on fossil age information or fossil discovery, age, and extant species count data. Results from the two approaches were largely congruent across deep to shallow taxonomic divergences across major lineages. The origin of the first lobster-like decapod (Polychelida) was estimated in the Devonian (~409-372 million years ago (Ma)) with all infraorders present in the Carboniferous (~353-318 Ma). Fossil calibration subsampling studies examined the influence of sampling density (number of fossils) and placement (deep, middle, shallow) on divergence time estimates. Results from our study suggest including at least 1 fossil per 10 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in divergence dating analyses