The Experts below are selected from a list of 150 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Mats Thulin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Maria Kushunina - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • evolutionary relationships biogeography and morphological characters of glinus Molluginaceae with special emphasis on the genus composition in sub saharan africa
    PhytoKeys, 2021
    Co-Authors: Alexander P Sukhorukov, Maria Kushunina, Alexander N Sennikov, Marie Claire Veransolibalah, Maya V Nilova, Roger Heath, Alison Heath, Yuri Mazei, Maxim A Zaika
    Abstract:

    Glinus is a small genus of Molluginaceae with 8–10 species mostly distributed in the tropics of the World. Its composition and evolutionary relationships were poorly studied. A new molecular phylogeny constructed here using nuclear (ITS) and chloroplast (rbcL, trnK-matK) markers confirmed the monophyly of the genus. Based on ITS analysis, the following well-supported lineages are present within Glinus: the G. bainesii lineage is recovered as sister to the remainder of the genus followed by G. oppositifolius. Three other clades are: G. hirtus with G. orygioides; G. radiatus and G. lotoides; the latter is represented by a sample from North America, and G. zambesiacus as sister to G. setiflorus + G. lotoides + G. dictamnoides. On the plastid gene tree, G. bainesii + G. oppositifolius form a sister clade to all other Glinus species. The next clade is formed by G. hirtus and G. orygioides followed by G. radiatus plus an American sample of G. lotoides. The next branch comprises G. setiflorus as sister to G. zambesiacus + G. lotoides + G. dictamnoides. Glinus seems to have originated from Africa around the Late Eocene or Early Miocene, with further radiations to Australia and the Americas during the Late Miocene or Late Pliocene. Compared with the previous limited character set used for the diagnostics, we have found ten new morphological and carpological traits distinguishing Glinus members. In both trees based on nuclear and plastid datasets, the major phylogenetic clades cannot be characterized by the peculiar morphological characters. Many shared character states leading to their contrasting pattern in the multivariate analysis model are interpreted as a high homoplasy in the phylogenetically distant species. We paid special attention to the composition of the genus in Sub-Saharan Africa, a region with the greatest species diversity. Our results provide new insight into the taxonomy of Glinus in this region. Glinus lotoides var. virens accepted in many previous works is a synonym of G. dictamnoides that is closely related to G. lotoides based on molecular analysis and morphological characters. The status of the American populations of G. lotoides needs further investigation due to different characters of the specimens from the Old and the New World. Many specimens previously identified as G. lotoides var. virens and as the intermediates G. lotoides × G. oppositifolius belong to G. zambesiacus sp. nov. and G. hirtus comb. nov. (≡ Mollugo hirta); the latter species is resurrected from synonymy after 200 years of unacceptance. In some African treatments, G. hirtus was known under the invalidly published name G. dahomensis. Glinus zambesiacus is distributed in the southern and eastern parts of tropical Africa, and G. hirtus previously assumed to be endemic to West Africa is indeed a species with a wide distribution across the tropical part of the continent. Glinus microphyllus previously accepted as endemic to West Tropical Africa together with other new synonyms (G. oppositifolius var. lanatus, G. herniarioides, Wycliffea rotundifolia) is considered here as G. oppositifolius var. keenanii comb. nov. (≡ Mollugo hirta var. keenanii), a variety found across the entire distribution of G. oppositifolius (Australia, Asia, and Africa). The presence of the American G. radiatus in Africa is not confirmed, and all records of this species belong to G. hirtus. The lectotypes of some names (G. dictamnoides, G. herniarioides, Mollugo hirta, M. setiflora, Pharnaceum pentagynum, Wycliffea) as well as a neotype of G. trianthemoides are designated. A new key to the identification of all Glinus species in Sub-Saharan Africa is provided. A checklist is given of all accepted species in this region (G. bainesii, G. hirtus, G. lotoides, G. oppositifolius s.l., G. setiflorus, and G. zambesiacus) with their nomenclature, morphological description and geographical distribution.

  • taxonomic significance of seed morphology in the genus mollugo s l Molluginaceae
    Israel Journal of Plant Sciences, 2017
    Co-Authors: Alexander P Sukhorukov, Maria Kushunina
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACTThe genus Mollugo L. comprises ca. 35 species distributed throughout the tropics, and it is clearly polyphyletic. The seed morphology and ornamentation of 27 Mollugo representatives is studied with regard to their significance for systematics and taxon delimitation. The species belonging to the “M. cerviana” and “M. fragilis” groups, as well as M. tenella, are characterized by D-shaped or roundish seeds, whereas other taxa have reniform seeds. The seed ornamentation can be considered to be one of the most valuable characters for disentangling the taxonomic diversity in the genus. Mollugo cerviana shares the same reticulate ornamentation with M. namaquensis, M. pusilla, M. tenella and M. tenuissima, while the smooth surface is peculiar to M. fragilis, M. spathulata and M. walteri. The close relationship of M. fragilis and relatives to Hypertelis spergulacea is carpologically supported. Some taxa share a papillate ornamentation (M. decandra, M. floriana, M. molluginis, M. nudicaulis, M. pentaphylla,...

  • taxonomic revision and distribution of herbaceous paramollugo Molluginaceae in the eastern hemisphere
    PhytoKeys, 2016
    Co-Authors: Alexander P Sukhorukov, Maria Kushunina
    Abstract:

    The genus Paramollugo with the type species Paramollugo nudicaulis (≡Mollugo nudicaulis) has recently been described after molecular investigations. Here we report two new endemic Malagasy species: Paramollugo simulans and Paramollugo elliotii, and transfer a forgotten New Caledonian endemic Mollugo digyna to Paramollugo (Paramollugo digyna). Consequently, the number of Paramollugo species in the Eastern Hemisphere is increased from three to six. Almost all genus representatives (except Paramollugo nudicaulis, which has a wide distribution in Southern Asia, Arabia and tropical Africa) are endemic to Madagascar, Somalia, or New Caledonia. Since the type of seed coat ornamentation is crucial for species delimitation, a diagnostic key with new taxonomically significant carpological characters and other new traits is provided for all the herbaceous Paramollugo. The distribution patterns of Paramollugo nudicaulis s.str., Paramollugo simulans and Paramollugo elliotii are presented.

Erika J Edwards - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • phylogeny and generic delimitation in Molluginaceae new pigment data in caryophyllales and the new family corbichoniaceae
    Taxon, 2016
    Co-Authors: Mats Thulin, Pascalantoine Christin, Abigail J Moore, Hesham R Elseedi, Anders Larsson, Erika J Edwards
    Abstract:

    The circumscription of Molluginaceae has changed radically in recent years, with Corbichonia being moved to Lophiocarpaceae, Limeum to Limeaceae, Macarthuria to Macarthuriaceae and all species of H ...

  • complex evolutionary transitions and the significance of c3 c4 intermediate forms of photosynthesis in Molluginaceae
    Evolution, 2011
    Co-Authors: Pascalantoine Christin, Erika J Edwards, Tammy L Sage, Matthew R Ogburn, Roxana Khoshravesh, Rowan F Sage
    Abstract:

    C(4) photosynthesis is a series of biochemical and structural modifications to C(3) photosynthesis that has evolved numerous times in flowering plants, despite requiring modification of up to hundreds of genes. To study the origin of C(4) photosynthesis, we reconstructed and dated the phylogeny of Molluginaceae, and identified C(4) taxa in the family. Two C(4) species, and three clades with traits intermediate between C(3) and C(4) plants were observed in Molluginaceae. C(3)-C(4) intermediacy evolved at least twice, and in at least one lineage was maintained for several million years. Analyses of the genes for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, a key C(4) enzyme, indicate two independent origins of fully developed C(4) photosynthesis in the past 10 million years, both within what was previously classified as a single species, Mollugo cerviana. The propensity of Molluginaceae to evolve C(3)-C(4) and C(4) photosynthesis is likely due to several traits that acted as developmental enablers. Enlarged bundle sheath cells predisposed some lineages for the evolution of C(3)-C(4) intermediacy and the C(4) biochemistry emerged via co-option of photorespiratory recycling in C(3)-C(4) intermediates. These evolutionarily stable transitional stages likely increased the evolvability of C(4) photosynthesis under selection environments brought on by climate and atmospheric change in recent geological time.

Pascalantoine Christin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • phylogeny and generic delimitation in Molluginaceae new pigment data in caryophyllales and the new family corbichoniaceae
    Taxon, 2016
    Co-Authors: Mats Thulin, Pascalantoine Christin, Abigail J Moore, Hesham R Elseedi, Anders Larsson, Erika J Edwards
    Abstract:

    The circumscription of Molluginaceae has changed radically in recent years, with Corbichonia being moved to Lophiocarpaceae, Limeum to Limeaceae, Macarthuria to Macarthuriaceae and all species of H ...

  • on the disintegration of Molluginaceae a new genus and family kewa kewaceae segregated from hypertelis and placement of macarthuria in macarthuriaceae
    Phytotaxa, 2014
    Co-Authors: Maarten J M Christenhusz, Samuel F Brockington, Pascalantoine Christin, Rowan F Sage
    Abstract:

    Molecular studies have shown that Molluginaceae in the traditional sense is polyphyletic. Several genera have already been separated into various families (e.g. Caryophyllaceae, Limeaceae, Lophiocarpaceae, Microteaceae), but recent studies have shown that Macarthuria and Hypertelis also make Molluginaceae polyphyletic if they remain to be included in this family. Hypertelis is biphyletic, with its type species found to belong to Molluginaceae sensu stricto , but the remainder of the genus is to be placed elsewhere. Therefore a new genus, Kewa , is proposed for the rest of Hypertelis , and two new family names are coined: Kewaceae and Macarthuriaceae, which are here morphologically characterized.

  • complex evolutionary transitions and the significance of c3 c4 intermediate forms of photosynthesis in Molluginaceae
    Evolution, 2011
    Co-Authors: Pascalantoine Christin, Erika J Edwards, Tammy L Sage, Matthew R Ogburn, Roxana Khoshravesh, Rowan F Sage
    Abstract:

    C(4) photosynthesis is a series of biochemical and structural modifications to C(3) photosynthesis that has evolved numerous times in flowering plants, despite requiring modification of up to hundreds of genes. To study the origin of C(4) photosynthesis, we reconstructed and dated the phylogeny of Molluginaceae, and identified C(4) taxa in the family. Two C(4) species, and three clades with traits intermediate between C(3) and C(4) plants were observed in Molluginaceae. C(3)-C(4) intermediacy evolved at least twice, and in at least one lineage was maintained for several million years. Analyses of the genes for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, a key C(4) enzyme, indicate two independent origins of fully developed C(4) photosynthesis in the past 10 million years, both within what was previously classified as a single species, Mollugo cerviana. The propensity of Molluginaceae to evolve C(3)-C(4) and C(4) photosynthesis is likely due to several traits that acted as developmental enablers. Enlarged bundle sheath cells predisposed some lineages for the evolution of C(3)-C(4) intermediacy and the C(4) biochemistry emerged via co-option of photorespiratory recycling in C(3)-C(4) intermediates. These evolutionarily stable transitional stages likely increased the evolvability of C(4) photosynthesis under selection environments brought on by climate and atmospheric change in recent geological time.

Sigrid Liedeschumann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • conspectus of aizoaceae gisekiaceae and Molluginaceae of egypt and the sudan feddes repertorium 116 2005 1 2 p 1 42
    Feddes Repertorium, 2005
    Co-Authors: Nasr Sayed M Hassan, Heidrun E K Hartmann, Sigrid Liedeschumann
    Abstract:

    See original: Feddes Repertorium 116 (2005) 1–2, p. 1–42 The DELTA files can be viewed under the address http://www.uni-bayreuth.de/departments/planta2/wg/delta Aiz/

  • seed coat morphology of aizoaceae sesuvioideae gisekiaceae and Molluginaceae and its systematic significance
    Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2005
    Co-Authors: Nasr Sayed M Hassan, Ulrich Meve, Sigrid Liedeschumann
    Abstract:

    Macro- and micromorphological characters of the seeds of 32 species belonging to Aizoaceae (26 species), Gisekiaceae (one  species)  and  Molluginaceae  (five  species)  were  analysed  for  their  taxonomic  value.  Seed  morphology  is  found to be of considerable taxonomic value within the taxa investigated, although additional criteria are usually necessary for distinguishing the species. However, a subgroup of Trianthema, consisting of T. cussackiana, T. megasperma, T. pilosa, T. rhynchocalyptra and T. oxycalyptra var. oxycalyptra (Aizoaceae) shares the synapomorphy of seeds with scattered idioblast cells (papillae). There is little infrageneric variation within Sesuvium and Zaleya in contrast to Trianthema, whose seeds are considerably polymorphic. The fairly different seed structures found in Aizoaceae s.s. and Molluginaceae support their treatment as two distinct families. However, the position of Lineum (Molluginaceae) remains uncertain. Moreover, seed characters support the independence of Gisekia (Gisekiaceae) in a family of its own. © 2005 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2005, 148, 189–206.

  • conspectus of aizoaceae gisekiaceae and Molluginaceae of egypt and the sudan
    Feddes Repertorium, 2005
    Co-Authors: Nasr Sayed M Hassan, Heidrun E K Hartmann, Sigrid Liedeschumann
    Abstract:

    A survey of the families Aizoaceae, Gisekiaceae, and Molluginaceae is given, based on herbarium material and some fresh collections. More than 120 characters were recorded in the DELTA system, from which the descriptions were drawn. Maps of distribution for each recorded species are presented, for Egypt these are related to the division of the country into vegetation zones (El-Hadidi 1993). Of the ten species of Aizoaceae, members of Mesembryanthemum, Aizoanthemum, Sesuvium, and Aizoon show a divided distribution pattern with southern African material mainly at different taxonomic levels. Members of Trianthema and Zaleya, however, fall into distribution patterns extending into Asia and Australia. Gisekiaceae are represented in the area by one species, Molluginaceae by six species. Of Gisekiapharnacioides L. and Glinus lotoides L. only one of the two varieties known are recorded from the area. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) Ubersicht uber die Aizoaceae, Gisekiaceae und Molluginaceae in Agypten und im Sudan Es wird eine Ubersicht uber die Familien Aizoaceae, Gisekiaceae und Molluginaceae prasentiert, die auf einer Studie von Herbarmaterial und einigen Aufsammlungen lebender Pflanzen basiert. Uber 120 Merkmale wurden im DELTA-System als Grundlage der Beschreibungen erfasst. Verbreitungskarten wurden fur jede Art erstellt, bei den agyptischen Arten wurde die Verbreitung in Bezug gesetzt zu der Vegetationszonierung nach El-Hadidi (1993). Von den zehn Arten der Aizoaceae zeigen Arten der Gattungen Mesembryanthemum, Aizoanthemum, Sesuvium und Aizoon hauptsachlich Bezuge zu sudafrikanischem Material, wahrend die Gattungen Trianthema und Zaleya sich bis nach Australien erstrecken. Die Gisekiaceae sind mit einer Art im Gebiet vertreten, die Molluginaceae mit sechs Arten. Von Gisekia pharnacioides L. und Glinus lotoides L. ist jeweils nur eine der beiden bekannten Varietaten im Gebiet vertreten.