The Experts below are selected from a list of 213 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
P Dick - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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prepartum Monensin for the reduction of energy associated disease in postpartum dairy cows
Journal of Dairy Science, 2002Co-Authors: T F Duffield, R Bagg, Luc Descoteaux, E Bouchard, M Brodeur, D Dutremblay, G Keefe, S J Leblanc, P DickAbstract:Abstract A total of 1317 Holstein cows from 45 farms in the Canadian provinces of Quebec, Prince Edward Island (PEI) and Ontario were enrolled in a randomized trial during 1998 and 1999 to further confirm the efficacy of a Monensin controlled release capsule in preventing periparturient disease in lactating dairy cows. Cows were randomized on the farms to receive either a Monensin controlled release capsule (CRC) 2 to 4 wk before expected calving or to serve as negative controls. Health data were collected for 90 d postcalving and were analyzed with logistic regression accounting for the intraherd correlation with generalized estimating equations. Monensin CRC significantly reduced the incidence of both clinical ketosis and abomasal displacement postcalving. There was a numerical but nonsignificant decrease in the incidence of retained placenta in cows receiving a Monensin CRC. A pooled analysis of two separate but similar studies (conducted in 1995 and 1998) demonstrated a strengthened association between Monensin CRC administration precalving and reduced periparturient disease. A 40% reduction in both abomasal displacement and clinical ketosis was observed with precalving administration of a Monensin CRC. In addition, the larger dataset highlighted a trend for a 25% reduction in the incidence of retained placenta in Monensin-treated cows. Improved energy metabolism as a result of Monensin treatment is likely the mechanism for the reduction in incidence of all three of these diseases. Thus the term “energy associated disease” was created to assess the combined impact of the precalving Monensin treatment on the incidence of retained placenta, displaced abomasum, and clinical ketosis. The Monensin controlled release capsule reduced the incidence of energy associated disease by 30%.
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the impact of a Monensin controlled release capsule on subclinical ketosis in the transition dairy cow
Journal of Dairy Science, 1999Co-Authors: B L Green, R Bagg, B W Mcbride, D Sandals, K E Leslie, P DickAbstract:An experiment was designed to examine subclinical ketosis in periparturient dairy cows and the antiketogenic effects of Monensin. Subclinical ketosis was induced through a 10% feed restriction and was quantitatively determined using a blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) threshold of 1200 μmol/L. Monensin decreased the BHBA concentration by 35% and increased the glucose concentration by 15%. No effect of Monensin on milk production was detected, but rumen fermentation was altered. Monensin decreased the acetate to propionate ratio, decreased the butyrate concentration, and increased pH. The lower concentration of BHBA in blood and higher concentration of blood glucose in cows treated with a Monensin controlled-release capsule decreased subclinical ketosis in early lactation cows.
R Bagg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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meta analysis of the effects of Monensin in beef cattle on feed efficiency body weight gain and dry matter intake
Journal of Animal Science, 2012Co-Authors: T F Duffield, J K Merrill, R BaggAbstract:: A meta-analysis of the impact of Monensin on growing and finishing beef cattle was conducted after a search of the literature. A total of 40 peer-reviewed articles and 24 additional trial reports with Monensin feeding in beef cattle were selected, after meeting apriori quality criteria. Data for each trial were extracted and analyzed using meta-analysis software in STATA. Estimated effect size of Monensin was calculated for feed efficiency (FE), ADG, and DMI. Monensin use in growing and finishing beef cattle reduced DMI (P 1.17 kg/d) showed less effect of Monensin on ADG. Pen-level studies showed a greater Monensin increase on ADG than did those conducted on individual animals. Linear effect of Monensin dose was observed for FE, DMI, and ADG outcomes, with greater effects on improving FE and reducing DMI with larger doses of Monensin but lesser improvement in ADG with increasing dose. These findings confirm that Monensin improves FE in growing and finishing beef cattle, and that this effect is linear with dose.
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prepartum Monensin for the reduction of energy associated disease in postpartum dairy cows
Journal of Dairy Science, 2002Co-Authors: T F Duffield, R Bagg, Luc Descoteaux, E Bouchard, M Brodeur, D Dutremblay, G Keefe, S J Leblanc, P DickAbstract:Abstract A total of 1317 Holstein cows from 45 farms in the Canadian provinces of Quebec, Prince Edward Island (PEI) and Ontario were enrolled in a randomized trial during 1998 and 1999 to further confirm the efficacy of a Monensin controlled release capsule in preventing periparturient disease in lactating dairy cows. Cows were randomized on the farms to receive either a Monensin controlled release capsule (CRC) 2 to 4 wk before expected calving or to serve as negative controls. Health data were collected for 90 d postcalving and were analyzed with logistic regression accounting for the intraherd correlation with generalized estimating equations. Monensin CRC significantly reduced the incidence of both clinical ketosis and abomasal displacement postcalving. There was a numerical but nonsignificant decrease in the incidence of retained placenta in cows receiving a Monensin CRC. A pooled analysis of two separate but similar studies (conducted in 1995 and 1998) demonstrated a strengthened association between Monensin CRC administration precalving and reduced periparturient disease. A 40% reduction in both abomasal displacement and clinical ketosis was observed with precalving administration of a Monensin CRC. In addition, the larger dataset highlighted a trend for a 25% reduction in the incidence of retained placenta in Monensin-treated cows. Improved energy metabolism as a result of Monensin treatment is likely the mechanism for the reduction in incidence of all three of these diseases. Thus the term “energy associated disease” was created to assess the combined impact of the precalving Monensin treatment on the incidence of retained placenta, displaced abomasum, and clinical ketosis. The Monensin controlled release capsule reduced the incidence of energy associated disease by 30%.
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Effects of a Monensin controlled-release capsule or premix on attenuation of subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy cows.
Journal of dairy science, 2002Co-Authors: J P Walton, Peter Dick, Jan C. Plaizier, R Bagg, G Vessie, Todd F. Duffield, B W McbrideAbstract:The effects of Monensin, administered either as a controlled release capsule (CRC) or a premix, on attenuating grain-induced subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) and on ruminal fermentation characteristics in Holstein cows receiving a total mixed ration were investigated in two experiments. In both experiments, six multiparous, rumen-fistulated Holstein cows were used in a two-treatment, two-period crossover design with 6-wk periods. In Experiment 1, treatments were either a Monensin CRC or a placebo CRC. In Experiment 2, treatments were either a Monensin premix or a placebo premix. In both experiments, at the beginning of wk 4 SARA was induced in experimental cows for a 10-d period with a grain challenge model, and ruminal pH was measured continuously using indwelling pH probes. The administration of Monensin either as a CRC or a premix had no effect on ruminal pH characteristics. Neither Monensin CRC nor premix had an effect on ruminal volatile fatty acid concentrations, but reduced the acetate:propionate ratio. Monensin premix-treated cows were observed to have increased milk yield, largely as a result of a higher dry matter intake in Monensin-treated cows compared to control cows. Milk fat content and yield were lower in Monensin-treated cows compared to placebo-treated cows during SARA. In conclusion, there is no evidence that Monensin was efficacious in raising ruminal pH during SARA under the conditions employed in this study.
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the impact of a Monensin controlled release capsule on subclinical ketosis in the transition dairy cow
Journal of Dairy Science, 1999Co-Authors: B L Green, R Bagg, B W Mcbride, D Sandals, K E Leslie, P DickAbstract:An experiment was designed to examine subclinical ketosis in periparturient dairy cows and the antiketogenic effects of Monensin. Subclinical ketosis was induced through a 10% feed restriction and was quantitatively determined using a blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) threshold of 1200 μmol/L. Monensin decreased the BHBA concentration by 35% and increased the glucose concentration by 15%. No effect of Monensin on milk production was detected, but rumen fermentation was altered. Monensin decreased the acetate to propionate ratio, decreased the butyrate concentration, and increased pH. The lower concentration of BHBA in blood and higher concentration of blood glucose in cows treated with a Monensin controlled-release capsule decreased subclinical ketosis in early lactation cows.
B W Mcbride - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of a Monensin controlled-release capsule or premix on attenuation of subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy cows.
Journal of dairy science, 2002Co-Authors: J P Walton, Peter Dick, Jan C. Plaizier, R Bagg, G Vessie, Todd F. Duffield, B W McbrideAbstract:The effects of Monensin, administered either as a controlled release capsule (CRC) or a premix, on attenuating grain-induced subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) and on ruminal fermentation characteristics in Holstein cows receiving a total mixed ration were investigated in two experiments. In both experiments, six multiparous, rumen-fistulated Holstein cows were used in a two-treatment, two-period crossover design with 6-wk periods. In Experiment 1, treatments were either a Monensin CRC or a placebo CRC. In Experiment 2, treatments were either a Monensin premix or a placebo premix. In both experiments, at the beginning of wk 4 SARA was induced in experimental cows for a 10-d period with a grain challenge model, and ruminal pH was measured continuously using indwelling pH probes. The administration of Monensin either as a CRC or a premix had no effect on ruminal pH characteristics. Neither Monensin CRC nor premix had an effect on ruminal volatile fatty acid concentrations, but reduced the acetate:propionate ratio. Monensin premix-treated cows were observed to have increased milk yield, largely as a result of a higher dry matter intake in Monensin-treated cows compared to control cows. Milk fat content and yield were lower in Monensin-treated cows compared to placebo-treated cows during SARA. In conclusion, there is no evidence that Monensin was efficacious in raising ruminal pH during SARA under the conditions employed in this study.
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the impact of a Monensin controlled release capsule on subclinical ketosis in the transition dairy cow
Journal of Dairy Science, 1999Co-Authors: B L Green, R Bagg, B W Mcbride, D Sandals, K E Leslie, P DickAbstract:An experiment was designed to examine subclinical ketosis in periparturient dairy cows and the antiketogenic effects of Monensin. Subclinical ketosis was induced through a 10% feed restriction and was quantitatively determined using a blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) threshold of 1200 μmol/L. Monensin decreased the BHBA concentration by 35% and increased the glucose concentration by 15%. No effect of Monensin on milk production was detected, but rumen fermentation was altered. Monensin decreased the acetate to propionate ratio, decreased the butyrate concentration, and increased pH. The lower concentration of BHBA in blood and higher concentration of blood glucose in cows treated with a Monensin controlled-release capsule decreased subclinical ketosis in early lactation cows.
G A Donovan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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incidence of subclinical ketosis in cows supplemented with a Monensin controlled release capsule in holstein cattle florida usa
Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: P Melendez, Jesse P Goff, C A Risco, L F Archbald, Ramon C Littell, G A DonovanAbstract:Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a Monensin controlled-release capsule on the proportion of cows with subclinical ketosis (SK). During July to August 2001, 300 cows dried-off 50–70 days before expected parturition were randomly assigned to either a treatment ( n = 150, oral capsule, 335 mg/d of monesin for 95 d) or control group (no capsule, n = 150). At 14 days postpartum, a milk sample was obtained and evaluated for β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) using a semi-quantitative ketone test strip. In a sub-sample of 50 cows per group a blood sample was taken and analyzed for BHBA using an ELISA kit. Milk BHBA ≥200 μmol/L was used as the cut-off value for diagnosis of SK. The incidence of SK based on the milk test was statistically different between groups ( P ≤ 0.05) with a value of 26.6% for control and 14.5% for cows treated with Monensin, respectively. Cows treated with Monensin were 0.68 times less likely to give a positive result for milk BHBA than non-treated cows (0.53–0.80; 95% CI). Serum BHBA concentrations did not differ between groups (0.81 ± 0.09 mmol/L versus 0.70 ± 0.07 mmol/L for controls and treated, respectively; P > 0.05). However, for each incremental increase in serum BHBA of 0.1 mmol/L occurrence of SK increased 52% (OR = 1.52; 1.21–1.91; 95% CI).
B L Green - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the impact of a Monensin controlled release capsule on subclinical ketosis in the transition dairy cow
Journal of Dairy Science, 1999Co-Authors: B L Green, R Bagg, B W Mcbride, D Sandals, K E Leslie, P DickAbstract:An experiment was designed to examine subclinical ketosis in periparturient dairy cows and the antiketogenic effects of Monensin. Subclinical ketosis was induced through a 10% feed restriction and was quantitatively determined using a blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) threshold of 1200 μmol/L. Monensin decreased the BHBA concentration by 35% and increased the glucose concentration by 15%. No effect of Monensin on milk production was detected, but rumen fermentation was altered. Monensin decreased the acetate to propionate ratio, decreased the butyrate concentration, and increased pH. The lower concentration of BHBA in blood and higher concentration of blood glucose in cows treated with a Monensin controlled-release capsule decreased subclinical ketosis in early lactation cows.
