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Ruth Ann Atchley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Time flies faster when you’re feeling blue: sad Mood Induction accelerates the perception of time in a temporal judgment task
Cognitive Processing, 2020Co-Authors: Erik M. Benau, Ruth Ann AtchleyAbstract:Investigating the interaction of Mood and time perception has provided key information in the mechanisms that underlie cognition and emotion. However, much of the literature that has investigated the role of emotions in time perception has focused on the valence of stimuli, or correlational studies of self-reported Mood. In the present study, 31 healthy undergraduates completed a temporal judgment task before and after an autobiographical sad Mood Induction procedure. In the temporal judgment task, participants identified whether a presented neutral stimulus was onscreen for the same duration as a target (2 s). Along with target trials, very short (1.25 s), short (1.6 s), long (2.25 s), and very long (3.125 s) trials were presented in random order and in equal proportion. Following Mood Induction, ratings of sadness and fear increased, but returned to baseline at the end of the study. After the Mood Induction, participants significantly increased temporal overestimation as participants were more likely to affirm short than long-duration trials as matching the target. These results indicate that transient changes in Mood in otherwise healthy adults can accelerate the subjective experience of time. Sadness may increase physiological components of time perception that are related approach motivation.
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Time flies faster when you're feeling blue: sad Mood Induction accelerates the perception of time in a temporal judgment task.
Cognitive processing, 2020Co-Authors: Erik M. Benau, Ruth Ann AtchleyAbstract:Investigating the interaction of Mood and time perception has provided key information in the mechanisms that underlie cognition and emotion. However, much of the literature that has investigated the role of emotions in time perception has focused on the valence of stimuli, or correlational studies of self-reported Mood. In the present study, 31 healthy undergraduates completed a temporal judgment task before and after an autobiographical sad Mood Induction procedure. In the temporal judgment task, participants identified whether a presented neutral stimulus was onscreen for the same duration as a target (2 s). Along with target trials, very short (1.25 s), short (1.6 s), long (2.25 s), and very long (3.125 s) trials were presented in random order and in equal proportion. Following Mood Induction, ratings of sadness and fear increased, but returned to baseline at the end of the study. After the Mood Induction, participants significantly increased temporal overestimation as participants were more likely to affirm short than long-duration trials as matching the target. These results indicate that transient changes in Mood in otherwise healthy adults can accelerate the subjective experience of time. Sadness may increase physiological components of time perception that are related approach motivation.
Erik M. Benau - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Time flies faster when you’re feeling blue: sad Mood Induction accelerates the perception of time in a temporal judgment task
Cognitive Processing, 2020Co-Authors: Erik M. Benau, Ruth Ann AtchleyAbstract:Investigating the interaction of Mood and time perception has provided key information in the mechanisms that underlie cognition and emotion. However, much of the literature that has investigated the role of emotions in time perception has focused on the valence of stimuli, or correlational studies of self-reported Mood. In the present study, 31 healthy undergraduates completed a temporal judgment task before and after an autobiographical sad Mood Induction procedure. In the temporal judgment task, participants identified whether a presented neutral stimulus was onscreen for the same duration as a target (2 s). Along with target trials, very short (1.25 s), short (1.6 s), long (2.25 s), and very long (3.125 s) trials were presented in random order and in equal proportion. Following Mood Induction, ratings of sadness and fear increased, but returned to baseline at the end of the study. After the Mood Induction, participants significantly increased temporal overestimation as participants were more likely to affirm short than long-duration trials as matching the target. These results indicate that transient changes in Mood in otherwise healthy adults can accelerate the subjective experience of time. Sadness may increase physiological components of time perception that are related approach motivation.
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Time flies faster when you're feeling blue: sad Mood Induction accelerates the perception of time in a temporal judgment task.
Cognitive processing, 2020Co-Authors: Erik M. Benau, Ruth Ann AtchleyAbstract:Investigating the interaction of Mood and time perception has provided key information in the mechanisms that underlie cognition and emotion. However, much of the literature that has investigated the role of emotions in time perception has focused on the valence of stimuli, or correlational studies of self-reported Mood. In the present study, 31 healthy undergraduates completed a temporal judgment task before and after an autobiographical sad Mood Induction procedure. In the temporal judgment task, participants identified whether a presented neutral stimulus was onscreen for the same duration as a target (2 s). Along with target trials, very short (1.25 s), short (1.6 s), long (2.25 s), and very long (3.125 s) trials were presented in random order and in equal proportion. Following Mood Induction, ratings of sadness and fear increased, but returned to baseline at the end of the study. After the Mood Induction, participants significantly increased temporal overestimation as participants were more likely to affirm short than long-duration trials as matching the target. These results indicate that transient changes in Mood in otherwise healthy adults can accelerate the subjective experience of time. Sadness may increase physiological components of time perception that are related approach motivation.
Stephan Köhler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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negative Mood Induction affective reactivity in recurrent but not persistent depression
PLOS ONE, 2019Co-Authors: Anne Guhn, Philipp Sterzer, Bruno Steinacher, Angela Merkl, Stephan KöhlerAbstract:Background Despite the high clinical and epidemiological relevance of persistent depression, little is known about its specific psychopathology and whether it is distinct from recurrent depression. Depression in general has been associated with blunted affective reactivity but the evidence from previous studies is inconsistent. Here, we asked whether affective reactivity might differ between persistent and recurrent depression. Methods Twenty patients with persistent depression, 20 patients with recurrent depression and 20 healthy controls (HC) were recruited. Both patient groups showed moderate symptom severity. All participants underwent a sad Mood Induction procedure. Affective reactivity was assessed with the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) before and after Mood Induction. Results We found a striking difference in affective reactivity between patient groups. While the persistent group showed blunted reactivity to Mood Induction, the recurrent group demonstrated an affective response that was comparable to HC, with an increase in negative and a decrease in positive affect. Blunted affective reactivity was thus specifically associated with persistent in contrast to recurrent depression. Conclusions These results highlight affective reactivity as an important psychopathological feature that differs between the two patient groups. Preserved affective reactivity to emotional stimuli in the recurrent group might reflect a resilience factor against persistence of depression.
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Affective and cognitive reactivity to Mood Induction in chronic depression.
Journal of affective disorders, 2018Co-Authors: Anne Guhn, Philipp Sterzer, Friderike H. Haack, Stephan KöhlerAbstract:Abstract Background Chronic depression (CD) is strongly associated with childhood maltreatment, which has been proposed to lead to inefficient coping styles that are characterized by abnormal affective responsiveness and dysfunctional cognitive attitudes. However, while this notion forms an important basis for psychotherapeutic strategies in the treatment of CD, there is still little direct empirical evidence for a role of altered affective and cognitive reactivity in CD. The present study therefore experimentally investigated affective and cognitive reactivity to two forms of negative Mood Induction in CD patients versus a healthy control sample (HC). Methods For the general Mood Induction procedure, a combination of sad pictures and sad music was used, while for individualized Mood Induction, negative Mood was induced by individualized scripts with autobiographical content. Both experiments included n = 15 CD patients versus n = 15 HC, respectively. Interactions between affective or cognitive reactivity and group were analyzed by repeated measurements ANOVAs. Results General Mood Induction neither revealed affective nor cognitive reactivity in the patient group while the control group reported the expected decrease of positive affect [interaction (IA) affective reactivity x group: p = .011, cognitive reactivity x group: n.s.]. In contrast, individualized Mood Induction specifically increased affective reactivity (IA: p = .037) as well as the amount of dysfunctional cognitions in patients versus controls (IA: p = .014). Limitations The experiments were not balanced in a crossover design, causal conclusions are thus limited. Additionally, the differences to non-chronic forms of depression are still outstanding. Conclusions The results suggest that in patients with CD, specific emotional activation through autobiographical memories is a key factor in dysfunctional coping styles. Psychotherapeutic interventions aimed at modifying affective and cognitive reactivity are thus of high relevance in the treatment of CD.
Ughetta Moscardino - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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School-related stress and cognitive performance: A Mood-Induction study
Contemporary Educational Psychology, 2014Co-Authors: Sara Scrimin, Lucia Mason, Ughetta MoscardinoAbstract:Abstract Previous research indicates that Mood can have both negative and positive effects on students' cognitive processes, and that school-related stressors may negatively impact on academic performance. However, little is known about the role of negative Mood specifically originating from stressful situations experienced in the school setting in children's cognitive performance. This study aims to assess 1) the effect of viewing a film clip of a school-related stressor on students' Mood, and to test whether a positive guided imagery (PGI) can reduce it; 2) the effect of a Mood-Induction procedure (MIP) and PGI on basic academic performance; 3) if students with different degrees of school adaptation perform differently after experiencing the MIP and PGI. Participants were 205 students (103 girls) aged between 8 and 13 years, recruited in primary and lower secondary schools in Northern Italy. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups undergoing: 1) only MIP, and 2) MIP followed by PGI. Students completed Mood questionnaires and a basic processing speed math task before and after the Mood Induction. In addition, they were asked to report on their school anxiety, school stress manifestation, and quality of the student–teacher relationship via self-report questionnaires. Both the MIP and the PGI proved to be effective. Students' basic academic performance significantly decreased in the MIP group, but not in the PGI group. Participants with higher school adaptation were more affected by the MIP and PGI compared to children with lower school adaptation. The discussion addresses the significance of these results for theory on the effects of Mood on students' learning as well as for practice in educational settings.
M. Anderson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reproducibility of negative Mood Induction a self referent plus musical Mood Induction procedure and a controllable uncontrollable stress paradigm
Journal of Psychopharmacology, 2004Co-Authors: R. A. Richell, M. AndersonAbstract:Mood Induction procedures (MIPs) have been used extensively as a means of inducing a variety of Mood states in laboratory settings. Recently, MIPs have been employed in a repeated measures design in combination with such techniques as functional imaging and psychopharmacological investigations. This study attempted to assess the repeatability of two paradigms designed to induce a depressed/negative affect, a self-referent plus musical MIP and a controllable/uncontrollable stress paradigm, to assess the viability of using such procedures in a repeated design. Healthy volunteers were enrolled in to one of two studies. Study 1 administered a self-referent plus musical MIP on three separate occasions: neutral and depressive Mood Induction (MI) in a balanced order, followed by a further depressive MI. In study 2, volunteers were subjected to sessions of controllable and uncontrollable noise stress in a balanced order on two different occasions. Subjective ratings of Mood were obtained prior to and following th...
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Reproducibility of negative Mood Induction: a self-referent plus musical Mood Induction procedure and a controllable/uncontrollable stress paradigm.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford England), 2004Co-Authors: R. A. Richell, M. AndersonAbstract:Mood Induction procedures (MIPs) have been used extensively as a means of inducing a variety of Mood states in laboratory settings. Recently, MIPs have been employed in a repeated measures design in combination with such techniques as functional imaging and psychopharmacological investigations. This study attempted to assess the repeatability of two paradigms designed to induce a depressed/negative affect, a self-referent plus musical MIP and a controllable/uncontrollable stress paradigm, to assess the viability of using such procedures in a repeated design. Healthy volunteers were enrolled in to one of two studies. Study 1 administered a self-referent plus musical MIP on three separate occasions: neutral and depressive Mood Induction (MI) in a balanced order, followed by a further depressive MI. In study 2, volunteers were subjected to sessions of controllable and uncontrollable noise stress in a balanced order on two different occasions. Subjective ratings of Mood were obtained prior to and following th...