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J. B. Schneewind - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Montaigne on Moral Philosophy and the good life
The Cambridge Companion to Montaigne, 2005Co-Authors: J. B. SchneewindAbstract:Moral Philosophy today is not what it was in the Athens of Socrates and Plato, nor what it was in Montaigne's France. Philosophers today tend to think their task is, as Alexander Nehamas puts it, “to offer systematically connected answers to a set of independently given problems.” Philosophy is understood, moreover, as a largely if not wholly theoretical enterprise. Montaigne did not see it that way; and if we want to understand his relation to Moral Philosophy we need to begin by asking what he could have taken it to be. We must moreover include some consideration of how he saw the good life. With everyone else, he took it that in ancient Philosophy - the Philosophy he mainly studied - the pursuit of Philosophy and the pursuit of the good life were inseparable. In this chapter I examine his reactions to some views of Moral Philosophy that he scrutinized with great care. I then consider what bearing his responses had on the Moral Philosophy that came after him, which for convenience I will refer to as modern Moral Philosophy.
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The invention of autonomy: A history of modern Moral Philosophy - The invention of autonomy : a history of modern Moral Philosophy
Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 1997Co-Authors: J. B. SchneewindAbstract:Preface Acknowledgements A note on references and abbreviations Introduction 1. Themes in the history of modern Moral Philosophy Part I. The Rise and Fall of Modern Natural Law: 2. Natural law: from intellectualism to voluntarism 3. Setting religion aside: republicanism and skepticism 4. Natural law restated: Suarez and Grotius 5. Grotianism at the limit: Hobbes 6. A Morality of love: Cumberland 7. The central synthesis: Pufendorf 8. The collapse of modern natural law: Locke and Thomasius Part II. Perfectionism and Rationality: 9. Origins of modern perfectionism 10. Paths to God: I. The Cambridge Platonists 11. Paths to God: II. Spinoza and Malebranche 12. Leibniz: Counterrevolutionary perfectionism Part III. Toward a World on its Own: 13. Morality without salvation 14. The recovery of virtue 15. The austerity of Morals: Clarke and Mandeville 16. The limits of love: Hutcheson and Butler 17. Hume: virtue naturalized 18. Against a fatherless world 19. The noble effects of self-love Part IV. Autonomy and Divine Order: 20. Perfection and will: Wolff and Crusius 21. Religion, Morality, and reform 22. The invention of autonomy 23. Kant in the history of Moral Philosophy Epilogue: 24. Pythagoras, Socrates, and Kant: understanding the history of Moral Philosophy Bibliography Index of names Index of subjects Index of biblical citations.
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the invention of autonomy a history of modern Moral Philosophy
Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 1997Co-Authors: J. B. SchneewindAbstract:Preface Acknowledgements A note on references and abbreviations Introduction 1. Themes in the history of modern Moral Philosophy Part I. The Rise and Fall of Modern Natural Law: 2. Natural law: from intellectualism to voluntarism 3. Setting religion aside: republicanism and skepticism 4. Natural law restated: Suarez and Grotius 5. Grotianism at the limit: Hobbes 6. A Morality of love: Cumberland 7. The central synthesis: Pufendorf 8. The collapse of modern natural law: Locke and Thomasius Part II. Perfectionism and Rationality: 9. Origins of modern perfectionism 10. Paths to God: I. The Cambridge Platonists 11. Paths to God: II. Spinoza and Malebranche 12. Leibniz: Counterrevolutionary perfectionism Part III. Toward a World on its Own: 13. Morality without salvation 14. The recovery of virtue 15. The austerity of Morals: Clarke and Mandeville 16. The limits of love: Hutcheson and Butler 17. Hume: virtue naturalized 18. Against a fatherless world 19. The noble effects of self-love Part IV. Autonomy and Divine Order: 20. Perfection and will: Wolff and Crusius 21. Religion, Morality, and reform 22. The invention of autonomy 23. Kant in the history of Moral Philosophy Epilogue: 24. Pythagoras, Socrates, and Kant: understanding the history of Moral Philosophy Bibliography Index of names Index of subjects Index of biblical citations.
Amanda Reiman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Moral Philosophy and Social Work Policy
Journal of social work values and ethics, 2009Co-Authors: Amanda ReimanAbstract:Policies in the United States regarding personal responsibility and deviant behavior often follow an underlying Moral Philosophy. This paper examines the philosophies in American social policy, and how beliefs about personal responsibility, definitions of deviance and the role of the social welfare system shape current policies.
Frédéric Vandenberghe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sociology as Moral Philosophy (and Vice Versa)
Canadian Review of Sociology-revue Canadienne De Sociologie, 2017Co-Authors: Frédéric VandenbergheAbstract:In this article, I want to make an attempt to reconnect sociology to Moral Philosophy and Moral Philosophy to sociology. The thesis I want to defend is that sociology continues by other means the venerable tradition of practical and Moral Philosophy. Like its forebears, it stands and falls with a defense of "practical wisdom" (Aristotle) and "practical reason" (Kant). The development of a Moral sociology presupposes, however, that one recognizes and rejects Max Weber's theory of axiological neutrality as an extremist position and that one carefully articulates prescriptive and descriptive, internal and external, as well as observer and actor positions.
Weng Shao-lon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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On the Reason of Practice in Kantian Moral Philosophy
Journal of Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, 2013Co-Authors: Weng Shao-lonAbstract:Kantian Moral Philosophy is a deductive system, which definitely starts with its own principle of reason. It is this rule of reason that rejects empirical elements and thus stresses its purity, with the aim to protect its Moral purity. However, this kind of severity in his Moral Philosophy has its immanent paradox, that is to say this kind of Moral practice will encounter its fallacy in real life, so we can say that, Kantian Moral dialectics is a rule of combat between reason and experience. In addition, in order to make this pure practical reason obtain its own rationality in reality, it also allows the existence of its own empirical practice which seems to be reasonable. In spite of this, his reason of practice remains within the atomistic individual.
Dt Moltow - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ethics and fiction : Moral Philosophy and the role for literature
2006Co-Authors: Dt MoltowAbstract:Can imaginative literature make a substantive contribution to ethical reflection? If so, what is the nature of this contribution and what is its value? What role can literature play in Moral enquiry? Can literature help Moral Philosophy to shed light on Moral questions? Can literature furnish Moral knowledge that is unaccounted for, or unaccountable, in the traditional methods of philosophical reflection? In addressing these questions, my aim in this thesis is to construct a comprehensive and critical account of the contribution to ethics that imaginative literature (particularly in the form of the novel) can make within and alongside traditional Moral Philosophy. First, I consider the character of Moral Philosophy, conceived as a normative enterprise, and review some systemic limitations of normative ethics. I then examine the arguments of some prominent philosophers concerning literature's role in helping to identify and address these issues. Second, in examining the aspects of literature which render it valuable to ethical reflection, I consider the formal distinctions between literature and traditional Moral Philosophy, and investigate the unique role of literary devices. The arguments here provide the foundation for my proposition that the value of the connection between Philosophy and literature depends crucially on the distinction between them. The third chapter deals with literature's ability to illustrate, challenge and test a Moral perspective, and so help to reveal and illuminate features of the ethical life that cannot be apprehended via traditional philosophical reflection alone. To illustrate this expansion of the philosophical method, I consider aspects of Kantian ethics and utilitarianism in light of a select number of literary works. I argue that sympathy is crucial to the realisation of genuine ethical ends. The argument is that seeing the world through the eyes of others enables one not only to understand their motives and actions, and to consider one's own responses to similar circumstances, but that, in doing so, one can uncover the extent to which a Moral stance comports with one's own ethical convictions, how that stance can accommodate these convictions, or how these convictions need modifying in light of that stance. Because fiction both exercises and confers a number of important freedoms, fictional literature is an ideal tool for the exploration of ethical concepts. Moreover, as the apotheosis of extended, connected fictional narratives, it is further argued that the novel is the ideal literary mode for this exploration. However, if literature is such a valuable supplement to philosophical reflection, why can we not treat literature itself as a form of Moral Philosophy? As an adjunct to philosophical reflection, literature can enhance our Moral understanding in a manner that does justice to us as complex beings in complex conditions, and in a way that traditional philosophical reflection alone cannot. Literature has the power not only to move us, but to help us shape our lives and make reality out of ethical reflections. However, as literature's ability to make this contribution is a consequential feature of its form, there is sufficient reason not to treat literature as Moral Philosophy, which requires its own very different approach. I conclude by arguing that cooperation between literature and Moral Philosophy can enhance Moral understanding to an extent unachievable via either form of discourse alone, and that this enhancement flows directly from the distinction between the two.
