The Experts below are selected from a list of 246945 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Gregory J Daglish - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
effect of exposure period on degree of dominance of phosphine resistance in adults of rhyzopertha dominica coleoptera bostrychidae and sitophilus oryzae coleoptera curculionidae
Pest Management Science, 2004Co-Authors: Gregory J DaglishAbstract:Degree of dominance of phosphine resistance was investigated in adults of Rhyzopertha dominica F and Sitophilus oryzae L. Efficacy of the grain fumigant phosphine depends on both concentration and exposure period, which raises the possibility that dominance Levels vary with exposure period. New and published data were used to test this possibility in adults of R dominica and S oryzae fumigated for periods of up to 144 h. The concentrations required for control of homozygous resistant and susceptible strains and their F1 hybrids decreased with increasing exposure period. For both species the response lines for the homozygous resistant and susceptible strains and their F1 hybrids were parallel. Therefore, neither dominance Level nor resistance factor was affected by exposure period. Resistance was incompletely recessive and the Level of dominance, calculated at 50% Mortality Level, was -0.59 for R dominica and -0.65 for S oryzae. The resistant R dominica strain was 30.9 times more resistant than the susceptible strain, compared with 8.9 times for the resistant S oryzae strain. The results suggest that developing discriminating doses for detecting heterozygote adults of either species will be difficult.
An Meng-hai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Study on Mortality Level and Burden of Disease(BOD) during 2006-2007 of Rushan City
Preventive Medicine Tribune, 2009Co-Authors: An Meng-haiAbstract:[Objective]To analyze the cause of death and Mortality Level、death composition and distribution during 2006-2007 of Rushan residents.To estimate the burden of diseases by the means of DALY(Disability-adjusted life year)thus to investigate the key public health problems referencing for health policy making.[Methods]The Mortality data of population-based death causes surveillance during 2006-2007 were used to describe death status by Mortality indicators,DALYs were calculated following the procedures developed for the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)study to ensure comparability.YLDs were estimated based on data for WPRO in the 2002 GBD study published by WHO.Combining DALYs and human capital approach(HCA),the indirect economic burden of various causes of death was calculated by capita gross domestic product(GDP),taking into account the age differences in productivity Levels and consulting other domestic research methods.[Results]The top five causes of death were cardio-cerebral vascular diseases、malignant neoplasms、injuries、chronic respiratory disease and other cancers in the rank order of death composition;Malignant tumors,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were the top three causes of life lost and life expectancy,accounting for 77.86% and 78.59% for the PYLL and WPYLL respectively;BOD caused by various diseases was 117.4 thousand years of healthy life lost,Loss of healthy years of life due to premature death were 64000 YLLs,and 53400 YLDs for disability;Mental nervous system diseases,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,malignant neoplasms,injuries and musculoskeletal diseases were the top five causes of BOD;The indirect economic burden caused by various diseases was 2372.87 yuan per capita per year,while the total estimation of indirect economic burden was 13.61 billion yuan,accounting for 5.41% of total GDP in 2007.[Conclusion]The total population Mortality during 2006-2007 of Rushan city was lower than that of Shandong Province of the same period.CDR showed the tendency to increase over time,but after the standardization,the decreasing trend is clear,demonstrating the increasing degree of population aging.Female Mortality is higher than male,and the probability and risk of death increased among age group over 50 years.Comprehensive analysis of CDR,PYLL and DALY showed that cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,malignant neoplasms,injuries have become the main threats(killers) to population health and their hazard to human health was increasing.
Chang-yup Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Association between local government social expenditures and Mortality Levels in Korea.
Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi, 2013Co-Authors: Jinseob Kim, Donggil Kim, Saerom Kim, Yukyung Park, Chang-yup KimAbstract:OBJECTIVES We examined the association between social expenditures of the local government and the Mortality Level in Korea, 2004 to 2010. METHODS We used social expenditure data of 230 local governments during 2004 to 2010 from the Social Expenditure Database prepared by the Korean Institute for Health and Social Affairs. Fixed effect panel data regression analysis was adopted to look for associations between social expenditures and age-standardized Mortality and the premature death index. RESULTS Social expenditures of local governments per capita was not significantly associated with standardized Mortality but was associated with the premature death index (decline of 1.0 [for males] and 0.5 [for females] for each expenditure of 100 000 Korean won, i.e., approximately 100 US dollar). As an index of the voluntary effort of local governments, the self-managed project ratio was associated with a decline in the standardized Mortality in females (decline of 0.4 for each increase of 1%). The share of health care was not significant. CONCLUSIONS There were associations between social expenditures of the local government and the Mortality Level in Korea. In particular, social expenditures per capita were significantly associated with a decline in premature death. However, the voluntary efforts of local governments were not significantly related to the decline in premature death.
Geert-jan Dinant - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Mortality Level and Predictors in a Rural Ethiopian Population: Community Based Longitudinal Study
PloS one, 2014Co-Authors: Berhe Weldearegawi, Mark Spigt, Yemane Berhane, Geert-jan DinantAbstract:Background Over the last fifty years the world has seen enormous decline in Mortality rates. However, in low-income countries, where vital registration systems are absent, Mortality statistics are not easily available. The recent economic growth of Ethiopia and the parallel large scale healthcare investments make investigating Mortality figures worthwhile. Methods Longitudinal health and demographic surveillance data collected from September 11, 2009 to September 10, 2012 were analysed. We computed incidence of Mortality, overall and stratified by background variables. Poisson regression was used to test for a linear trend in the standardized Mortality rates. Cox-regression analysis was used to identify predictors of Mortality. Households located at
Peter Cameron - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
defining major trauma using the 2008 abbreviated injury scale
Injury-international Journal of The Care of The Injured, 2016Co-Authors: Cameron S Palmer, Belinda J Gabbe, Peter CameronAbstract:Abstract Background The Injury Severity Score (ISS) is the most ubiquitous summary score derived from Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) data. It is frequently used to classify patients as ‘major trauma’ using a threshold of ISS >15. However, it is not known whether this is still appropriate, given the changes which have been made to the AIS codeset since this threshold was first used. This study aimed to identify appropriate ISS and New Injury Severity Score (NISS) thresholds for use with the 2008 AIS (AIS08) which predict Mortality and in-hospital resource use comparably to ISS >15 using AIS98. Methods Data from 37,760 patients in a state trauma registry were retrieved and reviewed. AIS data coded using the 1998 AIS (AIS98) were mapped to AIS08. ISS and NISS were calculated, and their effects on patient classification compared. The ability of selected ISS and NISS thresholds to predict Mortality or high-Level in-hospital resource use (the need for ICU or urgent surgery) was assessed. Results An ISS >12 using AIS08 was similar to an ISS >15 using AIS98 in terms of both the number of patients classified major trauma, and overall major trauma Mortality. A 10% Mortality Level was only seen for ISS 25 or greater. A NISS >15 performed similarly to both of these ISS thresholds. However, the AIS08-based ISS >12 threshold correctly classified significantly more patients than a NISS >15 threshold for all three severity measures assessed. Conclusions When coding injuries using AIS08, an ISS >12 appears to function similarly to an ISS >15 in AIS98 for the purposes of identifying a population with an elevated risk of death after injury. Where Mortality is a primary outcome of trauma monitoring, an ISS >12 threshold could be adopted to identify major trauma patients. Level of evidence Level II evidence—diagnostic tests and criteria.
