The Experts below are selected from a list of 615 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Parag Vichare - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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incorporating lean thinking and life cycle assessment to reduce environmental impacts of plastic injection Moulded Products
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017Co-Authors: Wai Ming Cheung, Jun Leong, Parag VichareAbstract:Abstract In the last decades, environmental footprint of the Product manufacture has emerged as an important public concern, causing manufacturers to re-assess their Product's environmental impacts. Responding to global outcry on global warming, world leaders have agreed to limit global temperature rise to less than 2 °C above the temperature in pre-industrial times. As a result, governments and industrial leaders around the world have proposed a roadmap for 80% emissions reduction by 2050. The aim of this work develops a novel approach of linking Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Lean manufacturing to reduce the negative environmental impacts of a plastic injection Moulded Product. Products that use plastic as their primary source of raw materials are mainly produced by plastic injection processes. Although plastic injection moulding has many benefits such as ‘high Production rates’, there is a lack of through investigation on the effects of this process has on the environment such as climate change, ozone depletion etc. This paper proposes a novel cross-functional mapping approach of linking lean-thinking and LCA. The implementation case study has been presented with the view to re-assess carbon footprint of an existing plastic Product. The reported implementation work demonstrates that the adaptation of lean thinking and LCA could significantly minimise negative environmental impacts of a plastic injection Product. A case study indicates that the overall environmental impact has been reduced by approximately 40% in climate change, human toxicity, photochemical oxidant formation, acidification and eco-toxicity.
Wai Ming Cheung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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incorporating lean thinking and life cycle assessment to reduce environmental impacts of plastic injection Moulded Products
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017Co-Authors: Wai Ming Cheung, Jun Leong, Parag VichareAbstract:Abstract In the last decades, environmental footprint of the Product manufacture has emerged as an important public concern, causing manufacturers to re-assess their Product's environmental impacts. Responding to global outcry on global warming, world leaders have agreed to limit global temperature rise to less than 2 °C above the temperature in pre-industrial times. As a result, governments and industrial leaders around the world have proposed a roadmap for 80% emissions reduction by 2050. The aim of this work develops a novel approach of linking Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Lean manufacturing to reduce the negative environmental impacts of a plastic injection Moulded Product. Products that use plastic as their primary source of raw materials are mainly produced by plastic injection processes. Although plastic injection moulding has many benefits such as ‘high Production rates’, there is a lack of through investigation on the effects of this process has on the environment such as climate change, ozone depletion etc. This paper proposes a novel cross-functional mapping approach of linking lean-thinking and LCA. The implementation case study has been presented with the view to re-assess carbon footprint of an existing plastic Product. The reported implementation work demonstrates that the adaptation of lean thinking and LCA could significantly minimise negative environmental impacts of a plastic injection Product. A case study indicates that the overall environmental impact has been reduced by approximately 40% in climate change, human toxicity, photochemical oxidant formation, acidification and eco-toxicity.
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Cross-Functional Mapping to Link Lean Manufacturing and Life Cycle Assessment in Environmental Impact Reduction
Sustainable Design and Manufacturing 2017, 2017Co-Authors: Jun Leong, Wai Ming CheungAbstract:In industry, carbon emissions are mainly produced from the amount of energy used in the manufacturing processes due to the burning of fossil fuels, material of Products and transportation. The aim of this paper reports the synergy of integrating life cycle assessment (LCA) and Lean manufacturing to reduce the negative environmental impacts of a plastic injection Moulded Product. A cross-functional mapping method is used because a number of functional areas such as Lean manufacturing and LCA are involved. This work demonstrated that the adaptation of lean thinking and LCA could minimise negative environmental impacts of a Product significantly.
Jun Leong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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incorporating lean thinking and life cycle assessment to reduce environmental impacts of plastic injection Moulded Products
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017Co-Authors: Wai Ming Cheung, Jun Leong, Parag VichareAbstract:Abstract In the last decades, environmental footprint of the Product manufacture has emerged as an important public concern, causing manufacturers to re-assess their Product's environmental impacts. Responding to global outcry on global warming, world leaders have agreed to limit global temperature rise to less than 2 °C above the temperature in pre-industrial times. As a result, governments and industrial leaders around the world have proposed a roadmap for 80% emissions reduction by 2050. The aim of this work develops a novel approach of linking Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Lean manufacturing to reduce the negative environmental impacts of a plastic injection Moulded Product. Products that use plastic as their primary source of raw materials are mainly produced by plastic injection processes. Although plastic injection moulding has many benefits such as ‘high Production rates’, there is a lack of through investigation on the effects of this process has on the environment such as climate change, ozone depletion etc. This paper proposes a novel cross-functional mapping approach of linking lean-thinking and LCA. The implementation case study has been presented with the view to re-assess carbon footprint of an existing plastic Product. The reported implementation work demonstrates that the adaptation of lean thinking and LCA could significantly minimise negative environmental impacts of a plastic injection Product. A case study indicates that the overall environmental impact has been reduced by approximately 40% in climate change, human toxicity, photochemical oxidant formation, acidification and eco-toxicity.
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Cross-Functional Mapping to Link Lean Manufacturing and Life Cycle Assessment in Environmental Impact Reduction
Sustainable Design and Manufacturing 2017, 2017Co-Authors: Jun Leong, Wai Ming CheungAbstract:In industry, carbon emissions are mainly produced from the amount of energy used in the manufacturing processes due to the burning of fossil fuels, material of Products and transportation. The aim of this paper reports the synergy of integrating life cycle assessment (LCA) and Lean manufacturing to reduce the negative environmental impacts of a plastic injection Moulded Product. A cross-functional mapping method is used because a number of functional areas such as Lean manufacturing and LCA are involved. This work demonstrated that the adaptation of lean thinking and LCA could minimise negative environmental impacts of a Product significantly.
Heh Han Meijer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The computation of properties of injection-Moulded Products
Progress in Polymer Science, 1995Co-Authors: Lfa Lucien Douven, Fpt Frank Baaijens, Heh Han MeijerAbstract:Injection moulding is a flexible Production technique for the manufacture of complex shaped, thin walled polymer Products that require minimal finishing. During processing, the polymer experiences a complex deformation and temperature history that affects the final properties of the Product. In a growing number of applications, injection-Moulded Products must meet high demands concerning their properties and dimensional stability. As a consequence, the ultimate aim of numerical simulations of the injection-moulding process is not only to analyse the processing stage but also to calculate the mechanical (and optical) properties of the Product, starting from the material properties and the processing conditions. This also requires measurement techniques that can determine molecular orientation, residual stresses and density distributions. In all recent models of the injection-moulding process, the so-called 212D approach is employed, referring to limitations of the mould geometry to narrow, weakly curved channels. Thus the ratio of the cavity thickness h and a characteristic length l in the mid-plane of the cavity must be much less than unity. In this paper an attempt is made to model all the stages of the Production process, using this 212D approach. The analysis is restricted to amorphous thermoplastics. Residual stresses in injection-Moulded Products stem from two main sources: first, the frozen-in flow-induced stresses, caused by viscoelastic flow of the polymer during the filling and post-filling stage of the injection-moulding process. These stresses correspond with the orientation of macromolecules; second, the thermally- and pressure-induced stresses, which are caused by differential shrinkage. In absolute value, the thermally-induced stresses are usually substantially larger than the frozen-in flow-induced stresses. However, the molecular orientation, as reflected in the frozen-in flow-induced stresses, determines the anisotropy of mechanical, thermal and optical properties and influences the long-term dimensional stability of an injection-Moulded Product. A decoupled method is proposed to calculate flow-induced stresses. Firstly, the kinematics of the flow field are determined, employing a viscous, generalized Newtonian constitutive law for the Cauchy stress tensor in combination with the balance laws. This is realized for all stages of the process: injection, packing, holding and cooling. The flow kinematics are subsequently substituted in a viscoelastic constitutive equation to calculate the transient stresses. Two constitutive models are used: a compressible version of the Leonov model (differential formulation) and a compressible version of the Wagner model (integral formulation). In the decoupled method, the flow kinematics are, consequently, supposed not to be influenced by the viscoelastic character of the flowing polymer melt. This decoupled method has a number of advantages compared to a coupled viscoelastic computation: the computation time is reduced considerably, an arbitrary viscoelastic constitutive equation can be employed easily, and no restrictions on the complexity of the flow field are imposed. In the case of 2D geometries, the validity of this approach is investigated by comparison of the results with those of a fully coupled viscoelastic calculation. These calculations show that the results obtained by the decoupled method are in acceptable agreement with the results of a fully coupled viscoelastic calculation. For the calculation of thermally-induced stresses a thermo-viscoelastic constitutive law, a linearized form of both viscoelastic constitutive models mentioned above, is employed. In order to attain realistic results, special attention must be paid to the boundary conditions. In particular, it is shown that not only the temperature history, but also the pressure history has a marked influence on the residual stress state of an injection-Moulded Product. The theories, derived in this paper, are illustrated by a number of examples. Computed results are compared with well documented experimental results from literature. A fair prediction of the properties of injection-Moulded Products is obtained. It is concluded that for more precise predictions, future attention should be focused on a more accurate and extended determination of the material properties. In particular, non-equilibrium/wT-data, the pressure dependence of the stationary shear viscosity, and the shear rate dependent first normal stress difference should be measured with great accuracy.
Adriana Maggi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Estimating energy consumption of injection moulding for environmental-driven mould design
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017Co-Authors: Paola Matarrese, Marzio Sorlini, Luca Diviani, I. Specht, Alessandro Fontana, Adriana MaggiAbstract:Abstract Supporting environmentally-conscious design of moulds is the ultimate objective of the here presented advisory tool. Relying on a careful estimation of the energy used for the injection moulding process, the designer is guided towards the development of green(er) solutions. As shown by literature and through a preliminary LCA screening analysis, most of the environmental impacts of a mould are directly connected to the energy consumed during the injection phase. This paper proposes a guideline for a reliable and sensitive energy estimation of the injection moulding process, taking into account not only the part and the material to be Moulded, but also the specifications of the mould, the injection moulding machine and the injection moulding process parameters. The accurate estimation of the energy consumed may radically improve the estimation of the overall environmental impacts of the mould and of the Moulded Product, and provide a value-added support for eco-driven decision making since the mould design phase. This work aims at contributing to the development of new methodologies to help injection moulding industry to develop more sustainable parts, moulds and processes.