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Karen Sokal-gutierrez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Early Childhood Junk Food Consumption, Severe Dental Caries, and Undernutrition: A Mixed-Methods Study from Mumbai, India.
International journal of environmental research and public health, 2020Co-Authors: Priyanka Athavale, Nehaa Khadka, Shampa Roy, Piyasree Mukherjee, Deepika Chandra Mohan, Bathsheba Bethy Turton, Karen Sokal-gutierrezAbstract:In India, globalization has caused a nutrition transition from home-cooked foods to processed sugary snacks and drinks, contributing to increased early childhood caries (ECC). This mixed-methods study describes risk factors for ECC and associations with undernutrition in low-income communities in Mumbai. Interviews with mothers of 959 children, ages six-months through six-years, addressed maternal-child nutrition and oral health, and children received dental exams and anthropometric assessments. Focus groups with community health workers and mothers explored experiences and perceptions of oral health, nutrition, and ECC. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses of quantitative data, and content analysis of qualitative data were performed. Eighty percent of children lived 5 min from a junk-food store, over 50% consumed junk-food and sugary tea daily, 50% experienced ECC, 19% had severe deep tooth decay, 27% experienced Mouth Pain, and 56% experienced chronic and/or acute malnutrition. In children ages 3-6, each additional tooth with deep decay was associated with increased odds of undernutrition (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.10, Confidence Interval [CI] 1.02-1.21). Focus groups identified the junk-food environment, busy family life, and limited dental care as contributors to ECC. Policy interventions include limits on junk-food marketing and incorporating oral health services and counseling on junk-food/sugary drinks into maternal-child health programs.
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Maternal and Child Nutrition and Oral Health in Urban Vietnam.
International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019Co-Authors: Debbie Huang, Linh Ngo Khanh, Karen Sokal-gutierrez, Kenny Chung, Wenting Lin, Raymond Chung, Hung Trong Hoang, Susan L. IveyAbstract:The global nutrition transition has contributed to child obesity and dental caries in developing countries, including Vietnam. Few studies have described the nutrition and oral health of mothers and children. This a descriptive study of the nutrition and oral health characteristics of a convenience sample of 571 children aged 2 to 5 years and their mothers from 5 urban preschools in Central and South Vietnam. The mothers completed a written survey, and the children received dental exams and weight/height measurements. High rates of bottle-feeding and the consumption of sweets were reported. One in 4 children were overweight/obese. Dental caries increased in prevalence and severity by age-at 5 years, 86.7% of children had tooth decay in an average of 8.5 teeth, and 70.9% experienced Mouth Pain. Most mothers and children suffered from untreated dental disease. Public health programs should focus on nutrition and oral health promotion, as well as dental treatment from pregnancy and birth onward.
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Early Childhood Oral Health and Nutrition in Urban and Rural Nepal.
International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019Co-Authors: Chloe Tsang, Karen Sokal-gutierrez, Debbie Huang, Priya Patel, Brett Lewis, Kristina Ronsin, Ashmita Baral, Aparna Bhatta, Nehaa Khadka, Howard BarkanAbstract:Globalization and urbanization in Nepal have driven a nutritional transition from an agricultural-based diet to an ultra-processed, sugary diet. This study assessed the nutrition and oral health of 836 children age 6 months to 6 years and their families in rural and urban Nepal. Mothers were interviewed about maternal–child oral health and nutrition, and children received dental exams and height and weight measurements. Analyses utilized SPSS statistical software. Most families lived within a 5-minute walk to a store selling ultra-processed snacks and sugary drinks. While most mothers knew sweets caused tooth decay, half of the children were given sweets daily, and 58.2% of children had dental caries. Caries began in the first 2 years and increased in prevalence and severity to age 6, when 74.3% had caries and 20% experienced Mouth Pain. Despite greater health knowledge and resources among urban mothers, urban children’s increased access to junk food and frequency of consumption was associated with higher prevalence and severity of caries compared to rural children. Severe caries was associated with malnutrition, especially in rural children. Preventive strategies are needed in early childhood to incorporate nutrition and oral health education and dental care into maternal–child health services, and develop policies to prohibit the sale of junk food around schools.
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Early Childhood Dental Caries, Mouth Pain, and Malnutrition in the Ecuadorian Amazon Region
International journal of environmental research and public health, 2017Co-Authors: Yianni A Ellenikiotis, Hannah M. Husby, Cecilia Leonor Paz, Brittany Seymour, Karen Sokal-gutierrezAbstract:Malnutrition and dental caries in early childhood remain persistent and intertwined global health challenges, particularly for indigenous and geographically-remote populations. To examine the prevalence and associations between early childhood dental caries, parent-reported Mouth Pain and malnutrition in the Amazonian region of Ecuador, we conducted a cross-sectional study of the oral health and nutrition status of 1407 children from birth through age 6 in the "Alli Kiru" program (2011-2013). We used multivariate regression analysis to examine relationships between severe caries, parent-reported Mouth Pain measures, and nutritional status. The prevalence of dental caries was 65.4%, with 44.7% of children having deep or severe caries, and 33.8% reporting Mouth Pain. The number of decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft) increased dramatically with age. Malnutrition was prevalent, with 35.9% of children stunted, 1.1% wasted, 7.4% underweight, and 6.8% overweight. As Mouth Pain increased in frequency, odds for severe caries increased. For each unit increase in Mouth Pain frequency interfering with sleeping, children had increased odds for being underweight (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 1.27; 95% CI: 1.02-1.54) and decreased odds for being overweight (AOR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.58-0.97). This relationship was most pronounced among 3-6 year-olds. Early childhood caries, Mouth Pain and malnutrition were prevalent in this sample of young children. Parent-reported Mouth Pain was associated with severe caries, and Mouth Pain interfering with sleeping was predictive of poor nutritional status. We demonstrate the utility of a parsimonious parent-reported measure of Mouth Pain to predict young children's risk for severe early childhood caries and malnutrition, which has implications for community health interventions.
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Early Childhood Dental Caries, Mouth Pain, and Malnutrition in the Ecuadorian Amazon Region
2017Co-Authors: Yianni A Ellenikiotis, Hannah M. Husby, Cecilia Leonor Paz, Brittany Seymour, Karen Sokal-gutierrezAbstract:Malnutrition and dental caries in early childhood remain persistent and intertwined global health challenges, particularly for indigenous and geographically-remote populations. To examine the prevalence and associations between early childhood dental caries, parent-reported Mouth Pain and malnutrition in the Amazonian region of Ecuador, we conducted a cross-sectional study of the oral health and nutrition status of 1,407 children from birth through age 6 in the “Alli Kiru” program (2011-2013). We used multivariate regression analysis to examine relationships between severe caries, parent-reported Mouth Pain measures, and nutritional status. The prevalence of dental caries was 65.4%, with 44.7% of children having deep or severe caries, and 33.8% reporting Mouth Pain. The number of decayed, missing and filled teeth dmft) increased dramatically with age. Malnutrition was prevalent, with 35.9% of children stunted, 1.1% wasted, 7.4% underweight, and 6.8% overweight. As Mouth Pain increased in frequency, odds for severe caries increased. For each unit increase in Mouth Pain frequency interfering with sleeping, children had increased odds for underweight (AOR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.02 – 1.54) and decreased odds for overweight (AOR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.58 – 0.97). This relationship was most pronounced among 3-6 year-olds. Early childhood caries, Mouth Pain and malnutrition were prevalent in this sample of young children. Parent-reported Mouth Pain was associated with severe caries, and Mouth Pain interfering with sleeping was predictive of poor nutritional status. We demonstrate the utility of a parsimonious parent-reported measure of Mouth Pain to predict young children’s risk for severe early childhood caries and malnutrition, which has implications for community health interventions.
Howard Barkan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Early Childhood Oral Health and Nutrition in Urban and Rural Nepal.
International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019Co-Authors: Chloe Tsang, Karen Sokal-gutierrez, Debbie Huang, Priya Patel, Brett Lewis, Kristina Ronsin, Ashmita Baral, Aparna Bhatta, Nehaa Khadka, Howard BarkanAbstract:Globalization and urbanization in Nepal have driven a nutritional transition from an agricultural-based diet to an ultra-processed, sugary diet. This study assessed the nutrition and oral health of 836 children age 6 months to 6 years and their families in rural and urban Nepal. Mothers were interviewed about maternal–child oral health and nutrition, and children received dental exams and height and weight measurements. Analyses utilized SPSS statistical software. Most families lived within a 5-minute walk to a store selling ultra-processed snacks and sugary drinks. While most mothers knew sweets caused tooth decay, half of the children were given sweets daily, and 58.2% of children had dental caries. Caries began in the first 2 years and increased in prevalence and severity to age 6, when 74.3% had caries and 20% experienced Mouth Pain. Despite greater health knowledge and resources among urban mothers, urban children’s increased access to junk food and frequency of consumption was associated with higher prevalence and severity of caries compared to rural children. Severe caries was associated with malnutrition, especially in rural children. Preventive strategies are needed in early childhood to incorporate nutrition and oral health education and dental care into maternal–child health services, and develop policies to prohibit the sale of junk food around schools.
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early childhood caries Mouth Pain and nutritional threats in vietnam
American Journal of Public Health, 2015Co-Authors: Linh Ngo Khanh, Susan L. Ivey, Howard Barkan, Kimberly M. Ngo, Hung T. Hoang, Ivy Vuong, Karen Sokalgutierrez, Nam ThaiAbstract:Objectives. We investigated the relationships among early childhood caries (ECC), Mouth Pain, and nutritional status in children aged 1 to 6 years in Southern and Central Vietnam.Methods. A total of 593 parent–child pairs were recruited from 5 kindergartens or preschools in Ho-Chi Minh City and Da Nang. Parents completed surveys about dietary habits, oral health practices, and children’s Mouth Pain experience; children received anthropometric assessment and dental examinations.Results. There was a high prevalence of dental caries (74.4%), mostly untreated, and Mouth Pain (47.1%). Moderate correlations were found between parents’ and children’s consumption of soda (ρ = 0.361; P < .001) and salty snacks (ρ = 0.292; P < .001). Severity of ECC was associated with decreased weight- and body mass index-for-age z-scores. Presence of pulp-involved caries was associated with strikingly lower height-for-age (mean difference = 0.66; P = .001), weight-for-age (mean difference = 1.17; P < .001), and body mass index-fo...
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Early Childhood Caries, Mouth Pain, and Nutritional Threats in Vietnam
American journal of public health, 2015Co-Authors: Linh Ngo Khanh, Susan L. Ivey, Karen Sokal-gutierrez, Howard Barkan, Kimberly M. Ngo, Hung T. Hoang, Ivy Vuong, Nam ThaiAbstract:Objectives. We investigated the relationships among early childhood caries (ECC), Mouth Pain, and nutritional status in children aged 1 to 6 years in Southern and Central Vietnam.Methods. A total of 593 parent–child pairs were recruited from 5 kindergartens or preschools in Ho-Chi Minh City and Da Nang. Parents completed surveys about dietary habits, oral health practices, and children’s Mouth Pain experience; children received anthropometric assessment and dental examinations.Results. There was a high prevalence of dental caries (74.4%), mostly untreated, and Mouth Pain (47.1%). Moderate correlations were found between parents’ and children’s consumption of soda (ρ = 0.361; P
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EarlyChildhoodCaries,MouthPain,andNutritional ThreatsinVietnam
2015Co-Authors: Linh Ngo Khanh, Susan L. Ivey, Karen Sokal-gutierrez, Howard Barkan, Kimberly M. Ngo, Hung T. Hoang, Ivy Vuong, Nam ThaiAbstract:Objectives. We investigated the relationships among early childhood caries (ECC), Mouth Pain, and nutritional status in children aged 1 to 6 years in Southern and Central Vietnam. Methods. A total of 593 parent–child pairs were recruited from 5 kindergartens or preschools in Ho-Chi Minh City and Da Nang. Parents completed surveys about dietary habits, oral health practices, and children’s Mouth Pain experience; children received anthropometric assessment and dental examinations. Results. There was a high prevalence of dental caries (74.4%), mostly untreated, and Mouth Pain (47.1%). Moderate correlations were found between parents’ and children’s consumption of soda (q=0.361; P
Susan L. Ivey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Maternal and Child Nutrition and Oral Health in Urban Vietnam.
International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019Co-Authors: Debbie Huang, Linh Ngo Khanh, Karen Sokal-gutierrez, Kenny Chung, Wenting Lin, Raymond Chung, Hung Trong Hoang, Susan L. IveyAbstract:The global nutrition transition has contributed to child obesity and dental caries in developing countries, including Vietnam. Few studies have described the nutrition and oral health of mothers and children. This a descriptive study of the nutrition and oral health characteristics of a convenience sample of 571 children aged 2 to 5 years and their mothers from 5 urban preschools in Central and South Vietnam. The mothers completed a written survey, and the children received dental exams and weight/height measurements. High rates of bottle-feeding and the consumption of sweets were reported. One in 4 children were overweight/obese. Dental caries increased in prevalence and severity by age-at 5 years, 86.7% of children had tooth decay in an average of 8.5 teeth, and 70.9% experienced Mouth Pain. Most mothers and children suffered from untreated dental disease. Public health programs should focus on nutrition and oral health promotion, as well as dental treatment from pregnancy and birth onward.
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early childhood caries Mouth Pain and nutritional threats in vietnam
American Journal of Public Health, 2015Co-Authors: Linh Ngo Khanh, Susan L. Ivey, Howard Barkan, Kimberly M. Ngo, Hung T. Hoang, Ivy Vuong, Karen Sokalgutierrez, Nam ThaiAbstract:Objectives. We investigated the relationships among early childhood caries (ECC), Mouth Pain, and nutritional status in children aged 1 to 6 years in Southern and Central Vietnam.Methods. A total of 593 parent–child pairs were recruited from 5 kindergartens or preschools in Ho-Chi Minh City and Da Nang. Parents completed surveys about dietary habits, oral health practices, and children’s Mouth Pain experience; children received anthropometric assessment and dental examinations.Results. There was a high prevalence of dental caries (74.4%), mostly untreated, and Mouth Pain (47.1%). Moderate correlations were found between parents’ and children’s consumption of soda (ρ = 0.361; P < .001) and salty snacks (ρ = 0.292; P < .001). Severity of ECC was associated with decreased weight- and body mass index-for-age z-scores. Presence of pulp-involved caries was associated with strikingly lower height-for-age (mean difference = 0.66; P = .001), weight-for-age (mean difference = 1.17; P < .001), and body mass index-fo...
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Early Childhood Caries, Mouth Pain, and Nutritional Threats in Vietnam
American journal of public health, 2015Co-Authors: Linh Ngo Khanh, Susan L. Ivey, Karen Sokal-gutierrez, Howard Barkan, Kimberly M. Ngo, Hung T. Hoang, Ivy Vuong, Nam ThaiAbstract:Objectives. We investigated the relationships among early childhood caries (ECC), Mouth Pain, and nutritional status in children aged 1 to 6 years in Southern and Central Vietnam.Methods. A total of 593 parent–child pairs were recruited from 5 kindergartens or preschools in Ho-Chi Minh City and Da Nang. Parents completed surveys about dietary habits, oral health practices, and children’s Mouth Pain experience; children received anthropometric assessment and dental examinations.Results. There was a high prevalence of dental caries (74.4%), mostly untreated, and Mouth Pain (47.1%). Moderate correlations were found between parents’ and children’s consumption of soda (ρ = 0.361; P
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EarlyChildhoodCaries,MouthPain,andNutritional ThreatsinVietnam
2015Co-Authors: Linh Ngo Khanh, Susan L. Ivey, Karen Sokal-gutierrez, Howard Barkan, Kimberly M. Ngo, Hung T. Hoang, Ivy Vuong, Nam ThaiAbstract:Objectives. We investigated the relationships among early childhood caries (ECC), Mouth Pain, and nutritional status in children aged 1 to 6 years in Southern and Central Vietnam. Methods. A total of 593 parent–child pairs were recruited from 5 kindergartens or preschools in Ho-Chi Minh City and Da Nang. Parents completed surveys about dietary habits, oral health practices, and children’s Mouth Pain experience; children received anthropometric assessment and dental examinations. Results. There was a high prevalence of dental caries (74.4%), mostly untreated, and Mouth Pain (47.1%). Moderate correlations were found between parents’ and children’s consumption of soda (q=0.361; P
Linh Ngo Khanh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Maternal and Child Nutrition and Oral Health in Urban Vietnam.
International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019Co-Authors: Debbie Huang, Linh Ngo Khanh, Karen Sokal-gutierrez, Kenny Chung, Wenting Lin, Raymond Chung, Hung Trong Hoang, Susan L. IveyAbstract:The global nutrition transition has contributed to child obesity and dental caries in developing countries, including Vietnam. Few studies have described the nutrition and oral health of mothers and children. This a descriptive study of the nutrition and oral health characteristics of a convenience sample of 571 children aged 2 to 5 years and their mothers from 5 urban preschools in Central and South Vietnam. The mothers completed a written survey, and the children received dental exams and weight/height measurements. High rates of bottle-feeding and the consumption of sweets were reported. One in 4 children were overweight/obese. Dental caries increased in prevalence and severity by age-at 5 years, 86.7% of children had tooth decay in an average of 8.5 teeth, and 70.9% experienced Mouth Pain. Most mothers and children suffered from untreated dental disease. Public health programs should focus on nutrition and oral health promotion, as well as dental treatment from pregnancy and birth onward.
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early childhood caries Mouth Pain and nutritional threats in vietnam
American Journal of Public Health, 2015Co-Authors: Linh Ngo Khanh, Susan L. Ivey, Howard Barkan, Kimberly M. Ngo, Hung T. Hoang, Ivy Vuong, Karen Sokalgutierrez, Nam ThaiAbstract:Objectives. We investigated the relationships among early childhood caries (ECC), Mouth Pain, and nutritional status in children aged 1 to 6 years in Southern and Central Vietnam.Methods. A total of 593 parent–child pairs were recruited from 5 kindergartens or preschools in Ho-Chi Minh City and Da Nang. Parents completed surveys about dietary habits, oral health practices, and children’s Mouth Pain experience; children received anthropometric assessment and dental examinations.Results. There was a high prevalence of dental caries (74.4%), mostly untreated, and Mouth Pain (47.1%). Moderate correlations were found between parents’ and children’s consumption of soda (ρ = 0.361; P < .001) and salty snacks (ρ = 0.292; P < .001). Severity of ECC was associated with decreased weight- and body mass index-for-age z-scores. Presence of pulp-involved caries was associated with strikingly lower height-for-age (mean difference = 0.66; P = .001), weight-for-age (mean difference = 1.17; P < .001), and body mass index-fo...
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Early Childhood Caries, Mouth Pain, and Nutritional Threats in Vietnam
American journal of public health, 2015Co-Authors: Linh Ngo Khanh, Susan L. Ivey, Karen Sokal-gutierrez, Howard Barkan, Kimberly M. Ngo, Hung T. Hoang, Ivy Vuong, Nam ThaiAbstract:Objectives. We investigated the relationships among early childhood caries (ECC), Mouth Pain, and nutritional status in children aged 1 to 6 years in Southern and Central Vietnam.Methods. A total of 593 parent–child pairs were recruited from 5 kindergartens or preschools in Ho-Chi Minh City and Da Nang. Parents completed surveys about dietary habits, oral health practices, and children’s Mouth Pain experience; children received anthropometric assessment and dental examinations.Results. There was a high prevalence of dental caries (74.4%), mostly untreated, and Mouth Pain (47.1%). Moderate correlations were found between parents’ and children’s consumption of soda (ρ = 0.361; P
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EarlyChildhoodCaries,MouthPain,andNutritional ThreatsinVietnam
2015Co-Authors: Linh Ngo Khanh, Susan L. Ivey, Karen Sokal-gutierrez, Howard Barkan, Kimberly M. Ngo, Hung T. Hoang, Ivy Vuong, Nam ThaiAbstract:Objectives. We investigated the relationships among early childhood caries (ECC), Mouth Pain, and nutritional status in children aged 1 to 6 years in Southern and Central Vietnam. Methods. A total of 593 parent–child pairs were recruited from 5 kindergartens or preschools in Ho-Chi Minh City and Da Nang. Parents completed surveys about dietary habits, oral health practices, and children’s Mouth Pain experience; children received anthropometric assessment and dental examinations. Results. There was a high prevalence of dental caries (74.4%), mostly untreated, and Mouth Pain (47.1%). Moderate correlations were found between parents’ and children’s consumption of soda (q=0.361; P
Nam Thai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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early childhood caries Mouth Pain and nutritional threats in vietnam
American Journal of Public Health, 2015Co-Authors: Linh Ngo Khanh, Susan L. Ivey, Howard Barkan, Kimberly M. Ngo, Hung T. Hoang, Ivy Vuong, Karen Sokalgutierrez, Nam ThaiAbstract:Objectives. We investigated the relationships among early childhood caries (ECC), Mouth Pain, and nutritional status in children aged 1 to 6 years in Southern and Central Vietnam.Methods. A total of 593 parent–child pairs were recruited from 5 kindergartens or preschools in Ho-Chi Minh City and Da Nang. Parents completed surveys about dietary habits, oral health practices, and children’s Mouth Pain experience; children received anthropometric assessment and dental examinations.Results. There was a high prevalence of dental caries (74.4%), mostly untreated, and Mouth Pain (47.1%). Moderate correlations were found between parents’ and children’s consumption of soda (ρ = 0.361; P < .001) and salty snacks (ρ = 0.292; P < .001). Severity of ECC was associated with decreased weight- and body mass index-for-age z-scores. Presence of pulp-involved caries was associated with strikingly lower height-for-age (mean difference = 0.66; P = .001), weight-for-age (mean difference = 1.17; P < .001), and body mass index-fo...
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Early Childhood Caries, Mouth Pain, and Nutritional Threats in Vietnam
American journal of public health, 2015Co-Authors: Linh Ngo Khanh, Susan L. Ivey, Karen Sokal-gutierrez, Howard Barkan, Kimberly M. Ngo, Hung T. Hoang, Ivy Vuong, Nam ThaiAbstract:Objectives. We investigated the relationships among early childhood caries (ECC), Mouth Pain, and nutritional status in children aged 1 to 6 years in Southern and Central Vietnam.Methods. A total of 593 parent–child pairs were recruited from 5 kindergartens or preschools in Ho-Chi Minh City and Da Nang. Parents completed surveys about dietary habits, oral health practices, and children’s Mouth Pain experience; children received anthropometric assessment and dental examinations.Results. There was a high prevalence of dental caries (74.4%), mostly untreated, and Mouth Pain (47.1%). Moderate correlations were found between parents’ and children’s consumption of soda (ρ = 0.361; P
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EarlyChildhoodCaries,MouthPain,andNutritional ThreatsinVietnam
2015Co-Authors: Linh Ngo Khanh, Susan L. Ivey, Karen Sokal-gutierrez, Howard Barkan, Kimberly M. Ngo, Hung T. Hoang, Ivy Vuong, Nam ThaiAbstract:Objectives. We investigated the relationships among early childhood caries (ECC), Mouth Pain, and nutritional status in children aged 1 to 6 years in Southern and Central Vietnam. Methods. A total of 593 parent–child pairs were recruited from 5 kindergartens or preschools in Ho-Chi Minh City and Da Nang. Parents completed surveys about dietary habits, oral health practices, and children’s Mouth Pain experience; children received anthropometric assessment and dental examinations. Results. There was a high prevalence of dental caries (74.4%), mostly untreated, and Mouth Pain (47.1%). Moderate correlations were found between parents’ and children’s consumption of soda (q=0.361; P