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Arthur H Goldberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the role of rheological properties in Mucociliary Transport by frog palate ciliated model
Pharmaceutical Research, 1994Co-Authors: Gordon L Amidon, Norman D Weiner, David Fleisher, Arthur H GoldbergAbstract:The effect of viscoelastic properties on Mucociliary Transport rate was investigated using the frog palate ciliated model. Mucociliary Transportability of several hydrophilic polymeric gels with widely different viscoelastic characteristics were tested on the frog palate Mucociliary model. An apparent negative relationship is observed between the relative Transport rate (TR) and storage (G1) or loss (G2) modulus. However, a minimum in relative Transport rate is observed at an apparent loss tangent (tan δ) value of between 0.7 and 0.9. A theoretical model for Mucociliary Transport is presented. The model predicted a minimum in Transport rate at tan δ equal to 1.74 after adjustment for primary variation due to storage modulus (G1) which is in agreement with the observed frog palate Transport rate. The model isolates the loss tangent (tan δ) and the magnitude of the complex modulus (|G*|) as the important viscoelastic parameters for Mucociliary Transport. Optimum rheological characteristics with respect to slow Transport rate can be achieved by using hydrophilic polymer gels with a large complex modulus and simultaneously with a loss tangent equal to 1.74.
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Viscoelasticity of anionic polymers and their Mucociliary Transport on the frog palate
Pharmaceutical research, 1993Co-Authors: Shun Y. Lin, Gordon L Amidon, Norman D Weiner, Arthur H GoldbergAbstract:The influence of formulation variables on the rheology of polyanionic formulations and the relationships between viscoelastic properties and Mucociliary Transport rate were investigated. Polymeric samples were oscillated from 0.001 to 5 Hz using either a "cone and plate” or a "coaxial cylinder” measuring system. The Mucociliary Transport rates of polymeric samples were determined and compared movement of charcoal powder on the frog palate. For the linear polymeric solutions, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and sodium alginate, the elastic modulus (G′) increased with increasing amplitudes during frequency scan. However, the G′ or viscous modulus (G″) of partially cross-linked polyacrylic acid (cPAA) samples did not change significantly under oscillation. Both G′ and G″ of cPAA samples were significantly influenced by the amount of salt present in the formulation. The rheology of 2% (w/w) cPAA in 90:10 (w/w) propylene glycol:alcohol changed from a viscous fluid to a coarse suspension after neutralization. The pH increased gradually when the nonaqueous formulation reacted with water and the maximum dynamic moduli were obtained after incorporating 20% (w/w) water in the formulation. A negative correlation was found between the G′ of linear polyanionic samples and the relative Transport rate. However, the lowest Mucociliary Transport rate was observed when the loss tangent (G″/G′) was around 0.4–0.5.
Mark Jorissen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cilia ciliary movement and Mucociliary Transport
2013Co-Authors: Mark Jorissen, Martine JaspersAbstract:Cilia are extensions of the apical membranes. The cilium itself is characterized by a 9 + 2 axonemal structure. An active, coordinated ciliary beating is essential for Mucociliary Transport. Ciliary beating depends on the ATPase activity in the dynein arms and is characterized by a specific beating pattern. In healthy persons, 95 % of the cilia are ultrastructurally completely normal. Ciliary abnormalities can be the results of external factors (secondary ciliary dyskinesia) or inherited (primary ciliary dyskinesia). Ciliary function and structure are organized at different levels from the individual cilia, over interciliary and intercellular interaction, to the macroscopic level of the ciliated tapestry and Mucociliary Transport.
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Mucociliary Transport using 99mtc albumin colloid a reliable screening test for primary ciliary dyskinesia
Thorax, 2005Co-Authors: K De Boeck, M Proesmans, Luc Mortelmans, B Van Billoen, T Willems, Mark JorissenAbstract:Background: A study was undertaken to assess the reliability of the nasal Mucociliary Transport test using 99m Tc-albumin colloid as a screening test for primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and to compare it with the gold standard nasal biopsy for study of ciliary motility and ultrastructure. Methods: During a 4 year period both tests were performed in 55 children referred with persistent or recurrent respiratory tract infections. Their median age was 4 years (range 1 month to 15 years). Results: The nasal biopsy results were as follows: PCD, n = 8; secondary ciliary dyskinesia (SCD), n = 19; normal, n = 28. The Mucociliary Transport test was abnormal in 29 patients (all 8 with PCD, 7/19 with SCD, and 14/28 with a normal biopsy). The sensitivity of the Mucociliary Transport test to diagnose PCD was therefore 100% (8/8) (95% exact confidence limits 63.06 to 100.00); the specificity was only 55% (26/47) (40.95 to 69.89). The negative predictive value was 100% (26/26) (86.77 to 100.00) and the positive predictive value was 28% (8/29) (12.37 to 47.24). Conclusion: Mucociliary Transport is a non-invasive screening test that can be performed even in infants. The sensitivity of the test is high but its specificity is low. A normal test result excludes PCD.
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Correlations among Mucociliary Transport, ciliary function, and ciliary structure
American journal of rhinology, 1998Co-Authors: Mark JorissenAbstract:Mucociliary Transport is one of the most important defense mechanisms of the airway. Mucociliary Transport time or rate, as measured using the saccharin test or the radioisotope technique, respectively, is clinically the most relevant parameter, although subject to large intra- and interindividual variability. There is no correlation between Mucociliary Transport in vivo and ciliary beat frequency ex vivo. Preliminary evidence demonstrates that Mucociliary Transport correlates with ciliary structure and orientation as investigated with transmission and scanning electron microscopy. A correlation is presented between ciliary beat frequency and secondary ciliary abnormalities. This correlation can best be described according to the logistic sigmoid model (r = 0.69). Based on these functional data, an ultrastructural distinction is proposed among normal (less than 5%), light (5 to 15%), moderate (15 to 25%), and severe (more than 25%) secondary ciliary dyskinesia.
Hangyun Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mucociliary Transport and histologic characteristics of the mucosa of deviated nasal septum
Archives of Otolaryngology-head & Neck Surgery, 2002Co-Authors: Yong Ju Jang, Nahye Myong, Keun Hwan Park, Tae Woo Koo, Hangyun KimAbstract:Objective To investigate differences in Mucociliary clearance, histologic characteristics, and surface structure of the bilateral nasal septal mucosa in patients with nasal septal deviation. Design Mucociliary Transport was measured by saccharin clearance time in both nasal cavities of 20 patients with nasal septal deviation. Their septal mucosae were taken during septoplasty, and the ciliary population was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Histologic differences in the lamina propria of septal mucosae were compared under a light microscope. Results The concave side showed longer saccharin clearance time than the convex side and revealed much more severe loss of cilia. Inflammatory cells more heavily infiltrated the concave side, and seromucinous glands were less densely distributed. Conclusion Concave-side septal mucosae have impaired Mucociliary Transport, presumably due to ciliary loss, increased inflammation, and decreased density of the glandular acini.
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Mucociliary Transport and histologic characteristics of the mucosa of deviated nasal septum
Archives of otolaryngology--head & neck surgery, 2002Co-Authors: Yong Ju Jang, Nahye Myong, Keun Hwan Park, Tae Woo Koo, Hangyun KimAbstract:Objective: To investigate differences in Mucociliary clearance, histologic characteristics, and surface structure of the bilateral nasal septal mucosa in patients with nasal septal deviation. Design: Mucociliary Transport was measured by saccharin clearance time in both nasal cavities of 20 patients with nasal septal deviation. Their septal mucosae were taken during septoplasty, and the ciliary population was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Histologic differences in the lamina propria of septal mucosae were compared under a light microscope. Results: The concave side showed longer saccharin clearance time than the convex side and revealed much more severe loss of cilia. Inflammatory cells more heavily infiltrated the concave side, and seromucinous glands were less densely distributed. Conclusion: Concave-side septal mucosae have impaired Mucociliary Transport, presumably due to ciliary loss, increased inflammation, and decreased density of the glandular acini. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2002;128:421-424
Takeshi Miyata - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of fudosteine a new cysteine derivative on Mucociliary Transport
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2001Co-Authors: Koichi Takahashi, Tadayuki Koda, Hiroyuki Mizuno, Takeshi MiyataAbstract:: We examined the effect of fudosteine ((-)-(R)-2-amino-3-(3-hydroxypropylthio)propionic acid) on the Mucociliary Transport (MCT) rate in quails. The MCT rate was estimated by ash Transport velocity on the tracheal mucosa of quails. Fudosteine (500 mg kg(-1), p.o.) did not affect the normal MCT rate. However, topical application of fudosteine to the tracheal mucosa dose-dependently protected the impairment of the MCT rate caused by exposure to cigarette smoke. The results suggest that fudosteine may participate in the defence mechanism in the respiratory tract against irritant gases.
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Effect of human neutrophil elastase on tracheal Mucociliary Transport in anesthetized quails.
Japanese journal of pharmacology, 1997Co-Authors: Shusheng Tai, Hirofumi Kai, Yoichiro Isohama, Kazuo Takahama, Tomoyuki Kido, Takeshi MiyataAbstract:Abstract We investigated the effect of human neutrophil elastase (HNE) on tracheal Mucociliary Transport in anesthetized quails. Topical application of HNE (30-300/μg/kg) to tracheal mucosa dose-dependently decreased Mucociliary Transport velocity (MCTV). The HNE (300 μg/kg)-induced decrease in MCTV was blocked by ONO-5046 · Na (sodium N-[2-[4-(2,2-dimethylpropionyloxy)phenyl-sulfonylamino]-benzoyl]aminoacetate tetrahydrate) (3-30mg/kg, i.m.), a specific neutrophil elastase inhibitor. Furthermore, we found that HNE increased DNA, fucose and protein contents of tracheal lavages, and the increases were also reverted by ONO-5046·Na. These results indicated that HNE decreased tracheal Mucociliary Transport, and the decrease may be, at least in part, ascribed to the deterioration of tracheal secretions.
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Effect of Leukotriene D4 on Tracheal Mucociliary Transport Velocity in Quails
Japanese journal of pharmacology, 1996Co-Authors: Shusheng Tai, Hirofumi Kai, Yoichiro Isohama, Kazuo Takahama, Takeshi MiyataAbstract:Abstract. We investigated the effect of leukotriene D4 (LTD4) on tracheal Mucociliary Transport in quails. Topical application of LTD4 (0.2-2 ng) to tracheal mucosa dose-dependently increased Mucociliary Transport velocity (MCTV) in 5 or 10 min after application. Forty minutes after application of 2 ng of LTD4, MCTV was decreased to about 84% of that in the control group. Both the transient increase and the subsequent decrease induced by 2 ng of LTD4 were blocked by ONO-1078 (Pranlukast: 4-oxo-8-[4-(4-phenylbutoxy)-benzoylamino]-2-(tetrazol-5-yl)-4H-1-benzopyran) (0.03-3 mg/kg, i.m.), a specific leukotriene antagonist. These results suggest that LTD4 possesses a biphasic effect on tracheal Mucociliary Transport through leukotriene receptors.
Gordon L Amidon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the role of rheological properties in Mucociliary Transport by frog palate ciliated model
Pharmaceutical Research, 1994Co-Authors: Gordon L Amidon, Norman D Weiner, David Fleisher, Arthur H GoldbergAbstract:The effect of viscoelastic properties on Mucociliary Transport rate was investigated using the frog palate ciliated model. Mucociliary Transportability of several hydrophilic polymeric gels with widely different viscoelastic characteristics were tested on the frog palate Mucociliary model. An apparent negative relationship is observed between the relative Transport rate (TR) and storage (G1) or loss (G2) modulus. However, a minimum in relative Transport rate is observed at an apparent loss tangent (tan δ) value of between 0.7 and 0.9. A theoretical model for Mucociliary Transport is presented. The model predicted a minimum in Transport rate at tan δ equal to 1.74 after adjustment for primary variation due to storage modulus (G1) which is in agreement with the observed frog palate Transport rate. The model isolates the loss tangent (tan δ) and the magnitude of the complex modulus (|G*|) as the important viscoelastic parameters for Mucociliary Transport. Optimum rheological characteristics with respect to slow Transport rate can be achieved by using hydrophilic polymer gels with a large complex modulus and simultaneously with a loss tangent equal to 1.74.
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Viscoelasticity of anionic polymers and their Mucociliary Transport on the frog palate
Pharmaceutical research, 1993Co-Authors: Shun Y. Lin, Gordon L Amidon, Norman D Weiner, Arthur H GoldbergAbstract:The influence of formulation variables on the rheology of polyanionic formulations and the relationships between viscoelastic properties and Mucociliary Transport rate were investigated. Polymeric samples were oscillated from 0.001 to 5 Hz using either a "cone and plate” or a "coaxial cylinder” measuring system. The Mucociliary Transport rates of polymeric samples were determined and compared movement of charcoal powder on the frog palate. For the linear polymeric solutions, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and sodium alginate, the elastic modulus (G′) increased with increasing amplitudes during frequency scan. However, the G′ or viscous modulus (G″) of partially cross-linked polyacrylic acid (cPAA) samples did not change significantly under oscillation. Both G′ and G″ of cPAA samples were significantly influenced by the amount of salt present in the formulation. The rheology of 2% (w/w) cPAA in 90:10 (w/w) propylene glycol:alcohol changed from a viscous fluid to a coarse suspension after neutralization. The pH increased gradually when the nonaqueous formulation reacted with water and the maximum dynamic moduli were obtained after incorporating 20% (w/w) water in the formulation. A negative correlation was found between the G′ of linear polyanionic samples and the relative Transport rate. However, the lowest Mucociliary Transport rate was observed when the loss tangent (G″/G′) was around 0.4–0.5.