The Experts below are selected from a list of 7053 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
C Cutillas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
molecular evolution of trichuris muris isolated from different Muridae hosts in europe
Parasitology Research, 2010Co-Authors: Rocio Callejon, Carlos Feliu, Manuel De Rojas, Caroline M Nieberding, Pilar Foronda, D C Guevara, C CutillasAbstract:A phylogeographic study was carried out of Trichuris muris, nematode parasitizing Murinae rodents from the Muridae family, isolated from four different hosts and from different geographical regions of Europe by amplification and sequencing of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 fragment of the ribosomal DNA. T. muris was found in the Apodemus sylvaticus, Apodemus flavicollis, Mus domesticus, and Rattus rattus rodents. The molecular results confirm the presence of DNA polymorphisms among T. muris isolates from Europe. The present study shows two clear-cut geographical and genetic lineages: one of them is widespread from northern Spain (Catalonia) to Denmark (Western European region), while the second is widespread in the Eastern European region (Croatia, Rumania, and Turkey). These two genotypes can be easily distinguished by a PCR-RFLP analysis of this sequence with the ApalI restriction enzyme. Moreover, networks and phylogenetic reconstructions also reveal that T. muris from various Murinae rodents did not differentiate according to the host species that they parasitize. Furthermore, T. muris isolated from The Canary Islands revealed a typical haplotype (H6) only present in The Canary Islands and not in continental Europe. It is suggested that one haplotype from La Gomera Island is the ancestor of T. muris in the Canary Islands.
Josef Bryja - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
nuclear phylogenomics but not mitogenomics resolves the most successful late miocene radiation of african mammals rodentia Muridae arvicanthini
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2021Co-Authors: Ondřej Mikula, Violaine Nicolas, Christiane Denys, Radim Sumbera, Adam Konecný, Erik Verheyen, Anna Bryjova, Alan R Lemmon, Emily Moriarty Lemmon, Josef BryjaAbstract:Abstract The tribe Arvicanthini (Muridae: Murinae) is a highly diversified group of rodents (ca. 100 species) and with 18 African genera (plus one Asiatic) represents probably the most successful adaptive radiation of extant mammals in Africa. They colonized a broad spectrum of habitats (from rainforests to semi-deserts) in whole sub-Saharan Africa and their members often belong to most abundant parts of mammal communities. Despite intensive efforts, the phylogenetic relationships among major lineages (i.e. genera) remained obscured, which was likely caused by the intensive radiation of the group, dated to the Late Miocene. Here we used genomic scale data (377 nuclear loci; 581,030 bp) and produced the first fully resolved species tree containing all currently delimited genera of the tribe. Mitogenomes were also extracted, and while the results were largely congruent, there was less resolution at basal nodes of the mitochondrial phylogeny. Using a newly developed algorithm for subsampling of most informative loci, we also performed a fossil-based divergence dating. The results suggest that the African radiation started early after the colonization of Africa by a single arvicanthine ancestor from Asia during the Messinian stage (ca. 7 Ma), and was likely linked with a fragmentation of the pan-African Miocene forest. Some lineages remained in the rain forest, while many others successfully colonized broad spectrum of new open habitats (e.g. savannas, wetlands or montane moorlands) that appeared at the beginning of Pliocene. One lineage even evolved partially arboricolous life style in savanna woodlands, which allowed them to re-colonize equatorial forests. We also discuss delimitation of genera in Arvicanthini and propose corresponding taxonomic changes.
-
integrative taxonomic revision of the ethiopian endemic rodent genus stenocephalemys Muridae murinae praomyini with the description of two new species
Journal of Vertebrate Biology, 2020Co-Authors: Daniela Mizerovska, Ondřej Mikula, Radim Sumbera, Anna Bryjova, Yonas Meheretu, Veronika Bartakova, Danila S Kostin, L A Lavrenchenko, Josef BryjaAbstract:Ethiopian rats (genus Stenocephalemys) represent a monophyletic group of Ethiopian endemic rodents that diverged in the Ethiopian Highlands during the Pleistocene. Because of the frequent occurrence of so-called reticulate evolution (i.e. repeated hybridization of partially diverged populations), their taxonomy has not been adequately resolved, despite the fact that they belong to the most abundant rodent genus in Ethiopia and are important as pests and carriers of pathogens (e.g. hantaviruses). Here we analysed material for 623 Stenocephalemys specimens using integrative taxonomy composed of genomic analyses (388 nuclear markers and complete mitogenomes), 2D-geometric morphometry of skulls and classical morphometry of external traits. The genus consists of six clearly defined gene pools (= species), characterized by specific morphology, ecology and distribution. Two of them, described here as new species, live in fragmented populations in Afroalpine habitats in the north-western part of the Ethiopian Highlands. We also showed that mitochondrial DNA is not applicable as a universal diagnostic tool for species discrimination in Stenocephalemys, because of multiple cases of mitochondrial introgression. This finding illustrates the utility of the genus as a suitable model for future studies of mito-nuclear coevolution along an elevational gradient.
-
Fossils know it best: Using a new set of fossil calibrations to improve the temporal phylogenetic framework of murid rodents (Rodentia: Muridae)
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2018Co-Authors: Tatiana Aghova, Gauthier Dobigny, Yuri Kimura, Josef Bryja, Laurent Granjon, Gael KergoatAbstract:Murid rodents (Rodentia: Muridae) represent the most diverse and abundant mammalian family. In this study, we provide a refined set of fossil calibrations which is used to reconstruct a dated phylogeny of the family using a multilocus dataset (six nuclear and nine mitochondrial gene fragments) encompassing 161 species representing 82 murid genera from four extant subfamilies (Deomyinae, Gerbillinae, Lophiomyinae and Murinae). In comparison with previous studies on murid or muroid rodents, our work stands out for the implementation of nine robust fossil constraints within the Muridae thanks to a thorough review of the fossil record. Before being assigned to specific nodes of the phylogeny, all potential fossil constraints were carefully assessed; they were also subjected to several cross-validation analyses. The resulting phylogeny is consistent with previous phylogenetic studies on murids, and recovers the monophyly of all sampled murid subfamilies and tribes. Based on nine controlled fossil calibrations, our inferred temporal timeframe indicates that the murid family likely originated in the course of the Early Miocene, 22.0-17.0 million years ago (Ma), and that most major lineages (i.e. tribes) started diversifying ca. 10 Ma. Historical biogeography analyses support the tropical origin for the family, with an initial internal split (vicariance event) between Afrotropical and Oriental (Indomalaya and Philippines) lineages. During the course of their diversification, the biogeographic pattern of murids is marked by several dispersal events toward the Australasian and the Palearctic regions. The Afrotropical region was also secondarily colonized a least three times from the Indomalaya, indicating that the latter region has acted as a major centre of diversification for the family.
Peter J. Taylor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Associated tympanic bullar and cochlear hypertrophy define adaptations to true deserts in African gerbils and laminate-toothed rats (Muridae: Gerbillinae and Murinae)
Journal of Anatomy, 2019Co-Authors: Aluwani Nengovhela, Christiane Denys, José Braga, Frikkie De Beer, Christophe Tenailleau, Peter J. TaylorAbstract:Hearing capabilities in desert rodents such as gerbils and heteromyids have been inferred from both anatomical and ecological aspects and tested with experiments and theoretical models. However, very few studies have focused on other desert‐adapted species. In this study, a refined three‐dimensional morphometric approach was used on three African rodent tribes (Otomyini, Taterillini and Gerbillini) to describe the cochlear and tympanic bullar morphology, and to explore the role of phylogeny, allometry and ecology to better understand the underlying mechanism of any observed trends of hypertrophy in the bulla and associated changes in the cochlea. As a result, desert‐adapted species could be distinguished from mesic and semi‐arid taxa by the gross cochlear dimensions, particularly the oval window, which is larger in desert species. Bullar and cochlear modifications between species could be explained by environment (bulla and oval window), phylogeny (cochlear curvature gradient) and/or allometry (cochlear relative length, oval window and bulla) with some exceptions. Based on their ear anatomy, we predict that Desmodillus auricularis and Parotomys brantsii should be sensitive to low‐frequency sounds, with D. auricularis sensitive to high‐frequency sounds, too. This study concludes that in both arid and semi‐arid adapted laminate‐toothed rats and gerbils there is bulla and associated cochlea hypertrophy, particularly in true desert species. Gerbils also show tightly coiled cochlea but the significance of this is debatable and may have nothing to do with adaptations to any specific acoustics in the desert environment.
-
specific limits and emerging diversity patterns in east african populations of laminate toothed rats genus otomys Muridae murinae otomyini revision of the otomys typus complex
Zootaxa, 2011Co-Authors: Peter J. Taylor, Erik Verheyen, L A Lavrenchenko, Michael D Carleton, Nigel C Bennett, Carel J Oosthuizen, Sarita MareeAbstract:We gratefully acknowledge the financial assistance of the Smithsonian Institution Short Term Visitor Award (in 2006), and a South African National Research Foundation Grant (between 2005 and 2007), which allowed P.J.T. to visit and study important North American and European museum collections of Otomys.
Sharon A Jansa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
tempo and mode of mandibular shape and size evolution reveal mixed support for incumbency effects in two clades of island endemic rodents Muridae murinae
Evolution, 2019Co-Authors: Sharon A Jansa, Lawrence R Heaney, Dakota M RowseyAbstract:Existing radiations in a spatially limited system such as an oceanic island may limit the ecological opportunity experienced by later colonists, resulting in lower macroevolutionary rates for secondary radiations. Additionally, potential colonists may be competitively excluded by these incumbent (resident) species, unless they are biologically distinct (biotic filtering). The extant phenotypic diversity of secondary colonists may thus be impacted by lower rates of phenotypic evolution, exclusion from certain phenotypes, and transitions to new morphotypes to escape competition from incumbent lineages. We used geometric morphometric methods to test whether the rates and patterns of mandibular evolution of the Luzon "old endemic" rodent clades, Phloeomyini and Chrotomyini, are consistent with these predictions. Each clade occupied nearly completely separate shape space and partially separate size space. We detected limited support for decelerating and clade-specific evolutionary rates for both shape and size, with strong evidence for a shift in evolutionary mode within Chrotomyini. Our results suggest that decelerating phenotypic evolutionary rates are not a necessary result of incumbency interactions; rather, incumbency effects may be more likely to determine which clades can become established in the system. Nonincumbent clades that pass a biotic filter can potentially exhibit relatively unfettered evolution.
-
archboldomys Muridae murinae reconsidered a new genus and three new species of shrew mice from luzon island philippines
American Museum Novitates, 2012Co-Authors: Danilo S Balete, Eric A Rickart, Lawrence R Heaney, Phillip A Alviola, Melizar V Duya, Timothy Sosa, Sharon A JansaAbstract:ABSTRACT Shrew mice of the genus Archboldomys are poorly known members of an endemic clade of vermivorous/insectivorous murid rodents confined to Luzon Island, Philippines. Three species of these small, ground-living, diurnal mice were previously known, all from a handful of specimens from a few localities. The pattern of morphological and genetic differentiation among additional specimens of shrew mice from our recent field surveys in the Central Cordillera and Sierra Madre mountains of Luzon document the presence of two distinct species groups within Archboldomys as previously defined, as well as three new species. Gene-sequence data from the mitochondrial cytochrome b and nuclear IRBP genes confirm the existence of six distinct species, but also show that Archboldomys, as previously defined, is composed of two clades that are not sister taxa. Reevaluation of the presumed morphological synapomorphies among these shrew mice, together with analyses of karyological and gene-sequence data, support the follo...
-
descriptions of two new species of rhynchomys thomas rodentia Muridae murinae from luzon island philippines
Journal of Mammalogy, 2007Co-Authors: Danilo S Balete, Eric A Rickart, Ruth Grace Rosellambal, Sharon A Jansa, Lawrence R HeaneyAbstract:Rhynchomys belongs to a unique assemblage of Philippine rodents that exhibit a combination of primitive features as well as unique morphological specializations. These nocturnal “shrew-rats,” with highly specialized vermivorous and insectivorous food habits, are endemic to Luzon Island. Analyses of external, cranial, and dental features support the recognition of 4 species, 2 of which are described in this paper. All are restricted to high-elevation habitats, about 1,100 m and above, in montane and mossy forest on northern, western, and southeastern Luzon. Habitat vicariance and subsequent divergence in isolation is the probable mode of diversification in Rhynchomys as well as in other murid clades whose members are restricted to high-elevation habitats. The discovery of locally endemic species of Rhynchomys both confirms the existence of multiple centers of endemism on Luzon and underscores the need to establish and maintain additional protected areas on the island.
Guy G Musser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
a systematic review of sulawesi bunomys Muridae murinae with the description of two new species
Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 2014Co-Authors: Guy G MusserAbstract:ABSTRACT Two new species of of Bunomys are described, B. karokophilus and B. torajae, both from the west-central mountain region of central Sulawesi. The descriptions are presented within the context of a systematic review of Bunomys in which are provided characteristics of the genus and species (external form, secondary sexual traits, spermatozoa, stomach morphology, skull, dentition, chromosomes); diagnoses, geographic and elevational distributions; sympatric, syntopic, and parapatric distributional relationships; morphological, distributional, and in some cases ecological comparisons among the species; natural histories for certain species derived from field observations; parasites; allocation of generic and specific synonyms; and documentation of subfossils for two of the species. Eight species are recognized; all are nocturnal, terrestrial, and endemic to the island of Sulawesi. Bunomys chrysocomus has been collected from most regions of the island and inhabits both lowland tropical evergreen and mon...
-
a new genus of rodent from wallacea rodentia Muridae murinae rattini and its implication for biogeography and indo pacific rattini systematics
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2013Co-Authors: Pierre-henri Fabre, Marie Pagès, Guy G Musser, Yuli Sulistya Fitriana, Jon Fjeldsa, Andrew P Jennings, Knud A Jonsson, Jonathan D Kennedy, Johan MichauxAbstract:We describe Halmaheramys bokimekot Fabre, Pages, Musser, Fitriana, Semiadi & Helgen gen. et sp. nov., a new genus and species of murine rodent from the North Moluccas, and study its phylogenetic placement using both molecular and morphological data. We generated a densely sampled mitochondrial and nuclear DNA data set that included most genera of Indo-Pacific Murinae, and used probabilistic methodologies to infer their phylogenetic relationships. To reconstruct their biogeographical history, we first dated the topology and then used a Lagrange analysis to infer ancestral geographic areas. Finally, we combined the ancestral area reconstructions with temporal information to compare patterns of murine colonization among Indo-Pacific archipelagos. We provide a new and comprehensive molecular phylogenetic reconstruction for Indo-Pacific Murinae, with a focus on the Rattus division. Using previous results and those presented in this study, we define a new Indo-Pacific group within the Rattus division, composed of Bullimus, Bunomys, Paruromys, Halmaheramys, Sundamys, and Taeromys. Our phylogenetic reconstructions revealed a relatively recent diversification from the Middle Miocene to Plio-Pleistocene associated with several major dispersal events. We identified two independent Indo-Pacific dispersal events from both western and eastern Indo-Pacific archipelagos to the isolated island of Halmahera, which led to the speciations of H. bokimekot gen. et sp. nov. and Rattus morotaiensis Kellogg, 1945. We propose that a Middle Miocene collision between the Halmahera and Sangihe arcs may have been responsible for the arrival of the ancestor of Halmaheramys to eastern Wallacea. Halmaheramys bokimekot gen. et sp. nov. is described in detail, and its systematics and biogeography are documented and illustrated. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London
-
description of a new genus and species of rodent murinae Muridae rodentia from the khammouan limestone national biodiversity conservation area in lao pdr
American Museum Novitates, 2005Co-Authors: Guy G Musser, Angela L Smith, M F Robinson, Darrin P LundeAbstract:Abstract Saxatilomys paulinae, a new genus and species of murid rodent in the Dacnomys Division is described. It is based on two whole specimens and 14 individuals represented by fragments recovered from owl pellets. The samples come from the Khammouan Limestone National Biodiversity Conservation Area in Khammouan Province in central Lao PDR. This tower karst landscape is part of the Quy Dat limestone massif, which extends eastward into north-central Vietnam (Binh Tri Thien Province). The new genus and species is morphologically (and probably phylogenetically) allied to species of Niviventer and Chiromyscus, which are also members of the Dacnomys Division, but its semispinous dark gray upperparts, dark frosted gray underparts, large, extremely bulbous footpads, and a combination of derived and primitive cranial and dental traits exclude it from membership in Niviventer, Chiromyscus, or any other described genus of Indo-malayan murid. The new species is likely petricolous, and is part of a small but unique...
