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Jaroslav Piálek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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host subspecific viral strains in european house mice murine cytomegalovirus in the eastern Mus Musculus Musculus and western house mouse Mus Musculus domesticus
Virology, 2018Co-Authors: Dagmar Cižkova, Stuart J.e. Baird, Jaroslav Piálek, Jana Těsikova, Sebastian Voigt, ďureje ľudovit, Joëlle Goüy De BellocqAbstract:Murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) has been reported from house mice (Mus Musculus) worldwide, but only recently from Eastern house mice (M. m. Musculus), of particular interest because they form a semi-permeable species barrier in Europe with Western house mice, M. m. domesticus. Here we report genome sequences of EastMCMV (from Eastern mice), and set these in the context of MCMV genomes from genus Mus hosts. We show EastMCMV and WestMCMV are genetically distinct. Phylogeny splitting analyses show a genome wide (94%) pattern consistent with no West-East introgression, the major exception (3.8%) being a genome-terminal region of duplicated genes involved in host immune system evasion. As expected from its function, this is a region of maintenance of ancestral polymorphism: The lack of clear splitting signal cannot be interpreted as evidence of introgression. The EastMCMV genome sequences reported here can therefore serve as a well-described resource for exploration of murid MCMV diversity.
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sperm morphology in two house mouse subspecies do wild derived strains and wild mice tell the same story
PLOS ONE, 2014Co-Authors: Jana Albrechtová, Tomas Albrecht, Ludovit ďureje, Vincent A Pallazola, Jaroslav PiálekAbstract:Being subject to intense post-copulatory selection, sperm size is a principal determining component of male fitness. Although previous studies have presented comparative sperm size data at higher taxonomic levels, information on the evolution of sperm size within species is generally lacking. Here, we studied two house mouse subspecies, Mus Musculus Musculus and Mus Musculus domesticus, which undergo incipient speciation. We measured four sperm dimensions from cauda epididymis smears of 28 wild-caught mice of both subspecies. As inbred mouse strains are frequently used as proxies for exploring evolutionary processes, we further studied four wild-derived inbred strains from each subspecies. The subspecies differed significantly in terms of sperm head length and midpiece length, and these differences were consistent for wild mice and wild-derived strains pooled over genomes. When the inbred strains were analyzed individually, however, their strain-specific values were in some cases significantly shifted from subspecies-specific values derived from wild mice. We conclude that: (1) the size of sperm components differ in the two house mouse subspecies studied, and that (2) wild-derived strains reflect this natural polymorphism, serving as a potential tool to identify the genetic variation driving these evolutionary processes. Nevertheless, we suggest that more strains should be used in future experiments to account for natural variation and to avoid confounding results due to reduced variability and/or founder effect in the individual strains.
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Murine Cytomegalovirus Is Not Restricted to the House Mouse Mus Musculus domesticus: Prevalence and Genetic Diversity in the European House Mouse Hybrid Zone
Journal of virology, 2014Co-Authors: Joëlle Goüy De Bellocq, Stuart J.e. Baird, Jana Albrechtová, Karolna Sobekova, Jaroslav PiálekAbstract:Murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) is a betaherpesvirus of the house mouse, Mus Musculus domesticus. It is a common infectious agent of wild mice and a highly studied pathogen of the laboratory mouse. Betaherpesviruses are specific to their hosts, and it is not known if other Mus taxa carry MCMV or if it is restricted to M. m. domesticus. We sampled mice over a 145-km transect of Bavaria-Bohemia crossing a hybrid zone between M. m. domesticus and Mus Musculus Musculus in order to investigate the occurrence of MCMV in two Mussubspecies and to test the limits of the specificity of the virus for its host. We hypothesized that if the two subspecies carry MCMV and if the virus is highly specific to its host, divergent MCMV lineages would have codiverged with their hosts and would have a geographical distribution constrained by the host genetic background. A total of 520 mice were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and/or nested PCR targeting the M94 gene. Seropositive and PCRpositive individuals were found in both Mussubspecies. Seroprevalence was high, at 79.4%, but viral DNA was detected in only 41.7% of mice. Sequencing revealed 20 haplotypes clustering in 3 clades that match the host genetic structure in the hybrid zone, showing 1 and 2 MCMV lineages in M. m. domesticus and M. m. Musculus, respectively. The estimated time to the most recent common ancestor (1.1 million years ago [Mya]) of the MCMVs matches that of their hosts. In conclusion, MCMV has coevolved with these hosts, suggesting that its diversity in nature may be underappreciated, since other members of the subgenus Mus likely carry different MCMVs. IMPORTANCE Murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) is a betaherpesvirus of the house mouse, Mus Musculus domesticus, an important lab model for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. The majority of lab studies are based on only two strains of MCMVs isolated from M. m. domesticus, Smith and K181, the latter derived from repeated passage of Smith in mouse submaxillary glands. The presence of MCMV in other members of the Mussubgenus had not even been investigated. By screening mouse samples collected in the European house mouse hybrid zone between M. m. domesticus and M. m. Musculus, we show that MCMV is not restricted to the M. m. domesticus subspecies and that MCMVs likely codiverged with their Mus hosts. Thus, the diversity of MCMV in nature may be seriously underappreciated, since other members of the subgenus Muslikely carry their own MCMV lineages.
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development and characterization of multiplex panels of microsatellite markers for syphacia obvelata a parasite of the house mouse Mus Musculus using a high throughput dna sequencing approach
Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, 2012Co-Authors: Dagmar Cižkova, Jaroslav Piálek, Alexis Ribas, Joëlle Goüy De Bellocq, Josef BryjaAbstract:Syphacia obvelata is a common gastro-intestinal parasitic nematode of the house mouse (Mus Musculus), a prime model rodent species. Investigations of the genetic structure, variability of parasite populations and other biological aspects of this host–parasite system are limited due to the lack of genetic resources for S. obvelata. To fill this gap, we developed a set of microsatellite markers for S. obvelata, using a 454 pyrosequencing approach. We designed three multiplex panels allowing genotyping of 10 polymorphic loci and scrutinized them on 42 samples from two different regions inhabited by two different house mouse subspecies (Mus Musculus Musculus and M. m. domesticus). The numbers of alleles ranged from 2 to 6 with mean observed heterozygosities 0.1476 and 0.2095 for domesticus and Musculus worms, respectively. The described markers will facilitate further studies on population biology and co-evolution of this host–parasite system.
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Genome-wide architecture of reproductive isolation in a naturally occurring hybrid zone between Mus Musculus Musculus and M. m. domesticus
Molecular Ecology, 2012Co-Authors: Vaclav Janousek, Kenneth Luzynski, Martina M. Vyskočilová, Miloš Macholán, Liuyang Wang, Jaroslav Piálek, Michael W Nachman, Pavel Munclinger, Petra Dufkova, Priscilla K. TuckerAbstract:Studies of a hybrid zone between two house mouse subspecies (Mus Musculus Musculus and M. m. domesticus) along with studies using laboratory crosses reveal a large role for the X chromosome and multiple autosomal regions in reproductive isolation as a consequence of disrupted epistasis in hybrids. One limitation of previous work has been that most of the identified genomic regions have been large. The goal here is to detect and characterize precise genomic regions underlying reproductive isolation. We surveyed 1401 markers evenly spaced across the genome in 679 mice collected from two different transects. Comparisons between transects provide a means for identifying common patterns that likely reflect intrinsic incompatibilities. We used a genomic cline approach to identify patterns that correspond to epistasis. From both transects, we identified contiguous regions on the X chromosome in which markers were inferred to be involved in epistatic interactions. We then searched for autosomal regions showing the same patterns and found they constitute about 5% of autosomal markers. We discovered substantial overlap between these candidate regions underlying reproductive isolation and QTL for hybrid sterility identified in laboratory crosses. Analysis of gene content in these regions suggests a key role for several mechanisms, including the regulation of transcription, sexual conflict and sexual selection operating at both the postmating prezygotic and postzygotic stages of reproductive isolation. Taken together, these results indicate that speciation in two recently diverged (c. 0.5 Ma) house mouse subspecies is complex, involving many genes dispersed throughout the genome and associated with distinct functions.
Pavel Munclinger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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functional organization of the genome may shape the species boundary in the house mouse
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2015Co-Authors: Vaclav Janousek, Katherine C. Teeter, Liuyang Wang, Pavel Munclinger, Priscilla K. TuckerAbstract:Genomic features such as rate of recombination and differentiation have been suggested to play a role in species divergence. However, the relationship of these phenomena to functional organization of the genome in the context of reproductive isolation remains unexplored. Here, we examine genomic characteristics of the species boundaries between two house mouse subspecies (Mus Musculus Musculus/M. m. domesticus). These taxa form a narrow semipermeable zone of secondary contact across Central Europe. Due to the incomplete nature of reproductive isolation, gene flow in the zone varies across the genome. We present an analysis of genomic differentiation, rate of recombination, and functional composition of genes relative to varying amounts of introgression. We assessed introgression using 1,316 autosomal single nucleotide polymorphism markers, previously genotyped in hybrid populations from three transects. We found a significant relationship between amounts of introgression and both genomic differentiation and rate of recombination with genomic regions of reduced introgression associated with higher genomic differentiation and lower rates of recombination, and the opposite for genomic regions of extensive introgression. We also found a striking functional polarization of genes based on where they are expressed in the cell. Regions of elevated introgression exhibit a disproportionate number of genes involved in signal transduction functioning at the cell periphery, among which olfactory receptor genes were found to be the most prominent group. Conversely, genes expressed intracellularly and involved in DNA binding were the most prevalent in regions of reduced introgression. We hypothesize that functional organization of the genome is an important driver of species divergence.
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Genome-wide architecture of reproductive isolation in a naturally occurring hybrid zone between Mus Musculus Musculus and M. m. domesticus
Molecular Ecology, 2012Co-Authors: Vaclav Janousek, Kenneth Luzynski, Martina M. Vyskočilová, Miloš Macholán, Liuyang Wang, Jaroslav Piálek, Michael W Nachman, Pavel Munclinger, Petra Dufkova, Priscilla K. TuckerAbstract:Studies of a hybrid zone between two house mouse subspecies (Mus Musculus Musculus and M. m. domesticus) along with studies using laboratory crosses reveal a large role for the X chromosome and multiple autosomal regions in reproductive isolation as a consequence of disrupted epistasis in hybrids. One limitation of previous work has been that most of the identified genomic regions have been large. The goal here is to detect and characterize precise genomic regions underlying reproductive isolation. We surveyed 1401 markers evenly spaced across the genome in 679 mice collected from two different transects. Comparisons between transects provide a means for identifying common patterns that likely reflect intrinsic incompatibilities. We used a genomic cline approach to identify patterns that correspond to epistasis. From both transects, we identified contiguous regions on the X chromosome in which markers were inferred to be involved in epistatic interactions. We then searched for autosomal regions showing the same patterns and found they constitute about 5% of autosomal markers. We discovered substantial overlap between these candidate regions underlying reproductive isolation and QTL for hybrid sterility identified in laboratory crosses. Analysis of gene content in these regions suggests a key role for several mechanisms, including the regulation of transcription, sexual conflict and sexual selection operating at both the postmating prezygotic and postzygotic stages of reproductive isolation. Taken together, these results indicate that speciation in two recently diverged (c. 0.5 Ma) house mouse subspecies is complex, involving many genes dispersed throughout the genome and associated with distinct functions.
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measures of linkage disequilibrium among neighbouring snps indicate asymmetries across the house mouse hybrid zone
Molecular Ecology, 2011Co-Authors: Liuyang Wang, Kenneth Luzynski, Martina M. Vyskočilová, Katherine C. Teeter, Vaclav Janousek, Michael W Nachman, Pavel Munclinger, Petra Dufkova, John E Pool, Miloš MacholánAbstract:Theory predicts that naturally occurring hybrid zones between genetically distinct taxa can move over space and time as a result of selection and/or demographic processes, with certain types of hybrid zones being more or less likely to move. Determining whether a hybrid zone is stationary or moving has important implications for understanding evolutionary processes affecting interactions in hybrid populations. However, direct observations of hybrid zone movement are difficult to make unless the zone is moving rapidly. Here, evidence for movement in the house mouse Mus Musculus domesticus × Mus Musculus Musculus hybrid zone is provided using measures of LD and haplotype structure among neighbouring SNP markers from across the genome. Local populations of mice across two transects in Germany and the Czech Republic were sampled, and a total of 1301 mice were genotyped at 1401 markers from the nuclear genome. Empirical measures of LD provide evidence for extinction and (re)colonization in single populations and, together with simulations, suggest hybrid zone movement because of either geography-dependent asymmetrical dispersal or selection favouring one subspecies over the other.
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Reinforcement selection acting on the European house mouse hybrid zone
Molecular Ecology, 2011Co-Authors: Barbora Vošlajerová Bímová, Kenneth Luzynski, Miloš Macholán, Stuart J.e. Baird, Priscilla K. Tucker, Robert C Karn, Christina M Laukaitis, Pavel Munclinger, Petra Dufkova, Jaroslav PiálekAbstract:Behavioural isolation may lead to complete speciation when partial postzygotic isolation acts in the presence of divergent-specific mate-recognition systems. These conditions exist where Mus Musculus Musculus and M. m. domesticus come into contact and hybridize. We studied two mate-recognition signal systems, based on urinary and salivary proteins, across a Central European portion of the mouse hybrid zone. Introgression of the genomic regions responsible for these signals: the major urinary proteins (MUPs) and androgen binding proteins (ABPs), respectively, was compared to introgression at loci assumed to be nearly neutral and those under selection against hybridization. The preference of individuals taken from across the zone regarding these signals was measured in Y mazes, and we develop a model for the analysis of the transition of such traits under reinforcement selection. The strongest assortative preferences were found in males for urine and females for ABP. Clinal analyses confirm nearly neutral introgression of an Abp locus and two loci closely linked to the Abp gene cluster, whereas two markers flanking the Mup gene region reveal unexpected introgression. Geographic change in the preference traits matches our reinforcement selection model significantly better than standard cline models. Our study confirms that behavioural barriers are important components of reproductive isolation between the house mouse subspecies.
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genetic conflict outweighs heterogametic incompatibility in the mouse hybrid zone
BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2008Co-Authors: Miloš Macholán, Barbora Vošlajerová Bímová, Stuart J.e. Baird, Pavel Munclinger, Petra Dufkova, Jaroslav PiálekAbstract:The Mus Musculus Musculus/M. m. domesticus contact zone in Europe is characterised by sharp frequency discontinuities for sex chromosome markers at the centre of wider clines in allozyme frequencies. We identify a triangular area (approximately 330 km2) where the Musculus Y chromosome introgresses across this front for up to 22 km into domesticus territory. Introgression of the Y chromosome is accompanied by a perturbation of the census sex ratio: the sex ratio is significantly female biased in Musculus localities and domesticus localities lacking Y chromosome introgression. In contrast, where the Musculus Y is detected in domesticus localities, the sex ratio is close to parity, and significantly different from both classes of female biased localities. The geographic position of an abrupt cline in an X chromosome marker, and autosomal clines centred on the same position, seem unaffected by the Musculus Y introgression. We conclude that sex ratio distortion is playing a role in the geographic separation of speciation genes in this section of the mouse hybrid zone. We suggest that clines for genes involved in sex-ratio distortion have escaped from the centre of the mouse hybrid zone, causing a decay in the barrier to gene flow between the two house mouse taxa.
Dustin J. Penn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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primed to vocalize wild derived male house mice increase vocalization rate and diversity after a previous encounter with a female
PLOS ONE, 2020Co-Authors: Sarah M Zala, Anton Noll, Peter Balazs, Doris Nicolakis, Maria Adelaide Marconi, Thomas Ruf, Dustin J. PennAbstract:Males in a wide variety of taxa, including insects, birds and mammals, produce vocalizations to attract females. Male house mice emit ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs), especially during courtship and mating, which are surprising complex. It is often suggested that male mice vocalize at higher rates after interacting with a female, but the evidence is mixed depending upon the strain of mice. We conducted a study with wild-derived house mice (Mus Musculus Musculus) to test whether male courtship vocalizations (i.e., vocalizations emitted in a sexual context) are influenced by a prior direct interaction with a female, and if so, determine how long the effect lasts. We allowed sexually naive males to directly interact with a female for five minutes (sexual priming), and then we recorded males'vocalizations either 1, 10, 20, or 30 days later when presented with an unfamiliar female (separated by a perforated partition) and female scent. We automatically detected USVs and processed recordings using the Automatic Mouse Ultrasound Detector (A-MUD version 3.2), and we describe our improved version of this tool and tests of its performance. We measured vocalization rate and spectro-temporal features and we manually classified USVs into 15 types to investigate priming effects on vocal repertoire diversity and composition. After sexual priming, males emitted nearly three times as many USVs, they had a larger repertoire diversity, and their vocalizations had different spectro-temporal features (USV length, slope and variability in USV frequency) compared to unprimed controls. Unprimed control males had the most distinctive repertoire composition compared to the primed groups. Most of the effects were found when comparing unprimed to all primed males (treatment models), irrespective of the time since priming. Timepoint models showed that USV length increased 1 day after priming, that repertoire diversity increased 1 and 20 days after priming, and that the variability of USV frequencies was lower 20 and 30 days after priming. Our results show that wild-derived male mice increased the number and diversity of courtship vocalizations if they previously interacted with a female. Thus, the USVs of house mice are not only context-dependent, they depend upon previous social experience and perhaps the contexts of these experiences. The effect of sexual priming on male courtship vocalizations is likely mediated by neuro-endocrine-mechanisms, which may function to advertise males' sexual arousal and facilitate social recognition.
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sex dependent modulation of ultrasonic vocalizations in house mice Mus Musculus Musculus
PLOS ONE, 2017Co-Authors: Sarah M Zala, Doris Reitschmidt, Anton Noll, Peter Balazs, Dustin J. PennAbstract:House mice (Mus Musculus) emit ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs), which are surprisingly complex and have features of bird song, but their functions are not well understood. Previous studies have reported mixed evidence on whether there are sex differences in USV emission, though vocalization rate or other features may depend upon whether potential receivers are of the same or opposite sex. We recorded the USVs of wild-derived adult house mice (F1 of wild-caught Mus Musculus Musculus), and we compared the vocalizations of males and females in response to a stimulus mouse of the same- or opposite-sex. To detect and quantify vocalizations, we used an algorithm that automatically detects USVs (Automatic Mouse Ultrasound Detector or A-MUD). We found high individual variation in USV emission rates (4 to 2083 elements/10 min trial) and a skewed distribution, with most mice (60%) emitting few (≤50) elements. We found no differences in the rates of calling between the sexes overall, but mice of both sexes emitted vocalizations at a higher rate and higher frequencies during opposite- compared to same-sex interactions. We also observed a trend toward higher amplitudes by males when presented with a male compared to a female stimulus. Our results suggest that mice modulate the rate and frequency of vocalizations depending upon the sex of potential receivers.
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diversity of major urinary proteins mups in wild house mice
Scientific Reports, 2016Co-Authors: Michaela Thos, V M Enk, Ingrid Miller, Ken Luzynski, Boglarka Balint, Steve Smith, Ebrahim Razzazifazeli, Dustin J. PennAbstract:Major urinary proteins (MUPs) are often suggested to be highly polymorphic, and thereby provide unique chemical signatures used for individual and genetic kin recognition; however, studies on MUP variability have been lacking. We surveyed populations of wild house mice (Mus Musculus Musculus), and examined variation of MUP genes and proteins. We sequenced several Mup genes (9 to 11 loci) and unexpectedly found no inter-individual variation. We also found that microsatellite markers inside the MUP cluster show remarkably low levels of allelic diversity, and significantly lower than the diversity of markers flanking the cluster or other markers in the genome. We found low individual variation in the number and types of MUP proteins using a shotgun proteomic approach, even among mice with variable MUP electrophoretic profiles. We identified gel bands and spots using high-resolution mass spectrometry and discovered that gel-based methods do not separate MUP proteins, and therefore do not provide measures of MUP diversity, as generally assumed. The low diversity and high homology of Mup genes are likely maintained by purifying selection and gene conversion, and our results indicate that the type of selection on MUPs and their adaptive functions need to be re-evaluated.
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multiple paternity in wild house mice Mus Musculus Musculus effects on offspring genetic diversity and body mass
Ecology and Evolution, 2014Co-Authors: Kerstin E Thonhauser, Michaela Thos, Teresa Klaus, Kerstin Musolf, Dustin J. PennAbstract:Multiple mating is common in many species, but it is unclear whether multiple paternity enhances offspring genetic diversity or fitness. We conducted a survey on wild house mice (Mus Musculus Musculus), and we found that in 73 pregnant females, 29% of litters had multiple sires, which is remarkably similar to the 23–26% found in feral populations of Mus Musculus domesticus in the USA and Australia, respectively. The question is: How has selection maintained multiple mating in these subspecies since the evolutionary divergence, ca. 2800–6000 years ago? We found no evidence that multiple paternity enhanced females’ litter size, contrary to the fertility assurance or genetic benefits hypotheses. Multiple paternity was associated with reduced mean and variance in offspring body mass, which suggests that females allocate fewer resources or that there is increased intrauterine conflict in multiple-versus single-sired litters. We found increased allelic diversity (though not heterozygosity) in multiple-sired litters, as predicted by the genetic diversity hypothesis. Finally, we found that the dams’ heterozygosity was correlated with the mean heterozygosity of their offspring in single-and multiple-sired litters, suggesting that outbred, heterozygous females were more likely to avoid inbreeding than inbred, homozygous females. Future studies are needed to examine how increased genetic diversity of litters and smaller mean (and variance) offspring body mass associated with multiple paternity affect offspring fitness.
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ultrasonic courtship vocalizations in wild house mice Mus Musculus Musculus
Animal Behaviour, 2010Co-Authors: Kerstin Musolf, Frauke Hoffmann, Dustin J. PennAbstract:Adult house mice produce ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) that are sexually dimorphic and have features of song. To test whether USVs play a role in sexual courtship, we examined how males produce USVs following exposure to scent from conspecifics of different sexes and ages, and also females' attraction to recorded playbacks of males' USVs. We studied wild-derived house mice (F1 from wild-caught Mus Musculus Musculus) since previous work has almost exclusively been on domesticated strains. Males produced USVs in response to female but not to male or immature female urinary scent, and males responded at a higher rate to urine from novel than familiar females. Males' prior social experience had no effect on their USV responses to fresh female urine, corroborating studies with laboratory mice. When presented with playbacks, females were more attracted to USVs of novel males, and showed a preference for unfamiliar nonkin versus familiar siblings. Our results support the idea that male USVs function as courtship behaviour to attract mates, and extend several previous findings on laboratory strains to wild house mice. We also show that USVs are highly diverse among males, but further experiments are needed to determine whether these vocalizations play a role in social (individual, sibling or kin) recognition, inbreeding avoidance or other forms of mate choice.
Miloš Macholán - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genome-wide architecture of reproductive isolation in a naturally occurring hybrid zone between Mus Musculus Musculus and M. m. domesticus
Molecular Ecology, 2012Co-Authors: Vaclav Janousek, Kenneth Luzynski, Martina M. Vyskočilová, Miloš Macholán, Liuyang Wang, Jaroslav Piálek, Michael W Nachman, Pavel Munclinger, Petra Dufkova, Priscilla K. TuckerAbstract:Studies of a hybrid zone between two house mouse subspecies (Mus Musculus Musculus and M. m. domesticus) along with studies using laboratory crosses reveal a large role for the X chromosome and multiple autosomal regions in reproductive isolation as a consequence of disrupted epistasis in hybrids. One limitation of previous work has been that most of the identified genomic regions have been large. The goal here is to detect and characterize precise genomic regions underlying reproductive isolation. We surveyed 1401 markers evenly spaced across the genome in 679 mice collected from two different transects. Comparisons between transects provide a means for identifying common patterns that likely reflect intrinsic incompatibilities. We used a genomic cline approach to identify patterns that correspond to epistasis. From both transects, we identified contiguous regions on the X chromosome in which markers were inferred to be involved in epistatic interactions. We then searched for autosomal regions showing the same patterns and found they constitute about 5% of autosomal markers. We discovered substantial overlap between these candidate regions underlying reproductive isolation and QTL for hybrid sterility identified in laboratory crosses. Analysis of gene content in these regions suggests a key role for several mechanisms, including the regulation of transcription, sexual conflict and sexual selection operating at both the postmating prezygotic and postzygotic stages of reproductive isolation. Taken together, these results indicate that speciation in two recently diverged (c. 0.5 Ma) house mouse subspecies is complex, involving many genes dispersed throughout the genome and associated with distinct functions.
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measures of linkage disequilibrium among neighbouring snps indicate asymmetries across the house mouse hybrid zone
Molecular Ecology, 2011Co-Authors: Liuyang Wang, Kenneth Luzynski, Martina M. Vyskočilová, Katherine C. Teeter, Vaclav Janousek, Michael W Nachman, Pavel Munclinger, Petra Dufkova, John E Pool, Miloš MacholánAbstract:Theory predicts that naturally occurring hybrid zones between genetically distinct taxa can move over space and time as a result of selection and/or demographic processes, with certain types of hybrid zones being more or less likely to move. Determining whether a hybrid zone is stationary or moving has important implications for understanding evolutionary processes affecting interactions in hybrid populations. However, direct observations of hybrid zone movement are difficult to make unless the zone is moving rapidly. Here, evidence for movement in the house mouse Mus Musculus domesticus × Mus Musculus Musculus hybrid zone is provided using measures of LD and haplotype structure among neighbouring SNP markers from across the genome. Local populations of mice across two transects in Germany and the Czech Republic were sampled, and a total of 1301 mice were genotyped at 1401 markers from the nuclear genome. Empirical measures of LD provide evidence for extinction and (re)colonization in single populations and, together with simulations, suggest hybrid zone movement because of either geography-dependent asymmetrical dispersal or selection favouring one subspecies over the other.
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Reinforcement selection acting on the European house mouse hybrid zone
Molecular Ecology, 2011Co-Authors: Barbora Vošlajerová Bímová, Kenneth Luzynski, Miloš Macholán, Stuart J.e. Baird, Priscilla K. Tucker, Robert C Karn, Christina M Laukaitis, Pavel Munclinger, Petra Dufkova, Jaroslav PiálekAbstract:Behavioural isolation may lead to complete speciation when partial postzygotic isolation acts in the presence of divergent-specific mate-recognition systems. These conditions exist where Mus Musculus Musculus and M. m. domesticus come into contact and hybridize. We studied two mate-recognition signal systems, based on urinary and salivary proteins, across a Central European portion of the mouse hybrid zone. Introgression of the genomic regions responsible for these signals: the major urinary proteins (MUPs) and androgen binding proteins (ABPs), respectively, was compared to introgression at loci assumed to be nearly neutral and those under selection against hybridization. The preference of individuals taken from across the zone regarding these signals was measured in Y mazes, and we develop a model for the analysis of the transition of such traits under reinforcement selection. The strongest assortative preferences were found in males for urine and females for ABP. Clinal analyses confirm nearly neutral introgression of an Abp locus and two loci closely linked to the Abp gene cluster, whereas two markers flanking the Mup gene region reveal unexpected introgression. Geographic change in the preference traits matches our reinforcement selection model significantly better than standard cline models. Our study confirms that behavioural barriers are important components of reproductive isolation between the house mouse subspecies.
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signalling components of the house mouse mate recognition system
Behavioural Processes, 2009Co-Authors: Barbora Vošlajerová Bímová, Miloš Macholán, Tomas Albrecht, Jaroslav PiálekAbstract:Subspecies-specific mate recognition may represent significant barrier to gene flow between diverged genomes potentially leading to speciation. In the house mouse, assortative mating involves the coevolution of several signals and receptors. We compared signalling ability of bedding material, faeces, urine, saliva, salivary androgen binding proteins (ABP) and combinations of urine with saliva and urine with ABP in mate choice in two wild-derived inbred strains (one of Mus Musculus Musculus and one of Mus Musculus domesticus origin). We observed high levels of variation in assortative preferences between the two strains and sexes. The strongest preferences were observed in M. m. Musculus-derived individuals in tests where urine was present either alone or as part of a composite signal target. M. m. domesticus-derived mice displayed strain-specific preferences for faeces. Saliva was the least preferred stimulus in both strains and sexes. No effect of two-compound cues was detected. We conclude that there is divergence across both the stimulus and preference parts of the recognition system for both house mouse strains. Of the tested stimuli, those that have the capacity to carry a signal for extended periods under natural conditions (such as urine and faeces) seem to be the most important substances in strain-specific recognition.
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genetic conflict outweighs heterogametic incompatibility in the mouse hybrid zone
BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2008Co-Authors: Miloš Macholán, Barbora Vošlajerová Bímová, Stuart J.e. Baird, Pavel Munclinger, Petra Dufkova, Jaroslav PiálekAbstract:The Mus Musculus Musculus/M. m. domesticus contact zone in Europe is characterised by sharp frequency discontinuities for sex chromosome markers at the centre of wider clines in allozyme frequencies. We identify a triangular area (approximately 330 km2) where the Musculus Y chromosome introgresses across this front for up to 22 km into domesticus territory. Introgression of the Y chromosome is accompanied by a perturbation of the census sex ratio: the sex ratio is significantly female biased in Musculus localities and domesticus localities lacking Y chromosome introgression. In contrast, where the Musculus Y is detected in domesticus localities, the sex ratio is close to parity, and significantly different from both classes of female biased localities. The geographic position of an abrupt cline in an X chromosome marker, and autosomal clines centred on the same position, seem unaffected by the Musculus Y introgression. We conclude that sex ratio distortion is playing a role in the geographic separation of speciation genes in this section of the mouse hybrid zone. We suggest that clines for genes involved in sex-ratio distortion have escaped from the centre of the mouse hybrid zone, causing a decay in the barrier to gene flow between the two house mouse taxa.
Stuart J.e. Baird - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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host subspecific viral strains in european house mice murine cytomegalovirus in the eastern Mus Musculus Musculus and western house mouse Mus Musculus domesticus
Virology, 2018Co-Authors: Dagmar Cižkova, Stuart J.e. Baird, Jaroslav Piálek, Jana Těsikova, Sebastian Voigt, ďureje ľudovit, Joëlle Goüy De BellocqAbstract:Murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) has been reported from house mice (Mus Musculus) worldwide, but only recently from Eastern house mice (M. m. Musculus), of particular interest because they form a semi-permeable species barrier in Europe with Western house mice, M. m. domesticus. Here we report genome sequences of EastMCMV (from Eastern mice), and set these in the context of MCMV genomes from genus Mus hosts. We show EastMCMV and WestMCMV are genetically distinct. Phylogeny splitting analyses show a genome wide (94%) pattern consistent with no West-East introgression, the major exception (3.8%) being a genome-terminal region of duplicated genes involved in host immune system evasion. As expected from its function, this is a region of maintenance of ancestral polymorphism: The lack of clear splitting signal cannot be interpreted as evidence of introgression. The EastMCMV genome sequences reported here can therefore serve as a well-described resource for exploration of murid MCMV diversity.
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Murine Cytomegalovirus Is Not Restricted to the House Mouse Mus Musculus domesticus: Prevalence and Genetic Diversity in the European House Mouse Hybrid Zone
Journal of virology, 2014Co-Authors: Joëlle Goüy De Bellocq, Stuart J.e. Baird, Jana Albrechtová, Karolna Sobekova, Jaroslav PiálekAbstract:Murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) is a betaherpesvirus of the house mouse, Mus Musculus domesticus. It is a common infectious agent of wild mice and a highly studied pathogen of the laboratory mouse. Betaherpesviruses are specific to their hosts, and it is not known if other Mus taxa carry MCMV or if it is restricted to M. m. domesticus. We sampled mice over a 145-km transect of Bavaria-Bohemia crossing a hybrid zone between M. m. domesticus and Mus Musculus Musculus in order to investigate the occurrence of MCMV in two Mussubspecies and to test the limits of the specificity of the virus for its host. We hypothesized that if the two subspecies carry MCMV and if the virus is highly specific to its host, divergent MCMV lineages would have codiverged with their hosts and would have a geographical distribution constrained by the host genetic background. A total of 520 mice were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and/or nested PCR targeting the M94 gene. Seropositive and PCRpositive individuals were found in both Mussubspecies. Seroprevalence was high, at 79.4%, but viral DNA was detected in only 41.7% of mice. Sequencing revealed 20 haplotypes clustering in 3 clades that match the host genetic structure in the hybrid zone, showing 1 and 2 MCMV lineages in M. m. domesticus and M. m. Musculus, respectively. The estimated time to the most recent common ancestor (1.1 million years ago [Mya]) of the MCMVs matches that of their hosts. In conclusion, MCMV has coevolved with these hosts, suggesting that its diversity in nature may be underappreciated, since other members of the subgenus Mus likely carry different MCMVs. IMPORTANCE Murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) is a betaherpesvirus of the house mouse, Mus Musculus domesticus, an important lab model for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. The majority of lab studies are based on only two strains of MCMVs isolated from M. m. domesticus, Smith and K181, the latter derived from repeated passage of Smith in mouse submaxillary glands. The presence of MCMV in other members of the Mussubgenus had not even been investigated. By screening mouse samples collected in the European house mouse hybrid zone between M. m. domesticus and M. m. Musculus, we show that MCMV is not restricted to the M. m. domesticus subspecies and that MCMVs likely codiverged with their Mus hosts. Thus, the diversity of MCMV in nature may be seriously underappreciated, since other members of the subgenus Muslikely carry their own MCMV lineages.
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Reinforcement selection acting on the European house mouse hybrid zone
Molecular Ecology, 2011Co-Authors: Barbora Vošlajerová Bímová, Kenneth Luzynski, Miloš Macholán, Stuart J.e. Baird, Priscilla K. Tucker, Robert C Karn, Christina M Laukaitis, Pavel Munclinger, Petra Dufkova, Jaroslav PiálekAbstract:Behavioural isolation may lead to complete speciation when partial postzygotic isolation acts in the presence of divergent-specific mate-recognition systems. These conditions exist where Mus Musculus Musculus and M. m. domesticus come into contact and hybridize. We studied two mate-recognition signal systems, based on urinary and salivary proteins, across a Central European portion of the mouse hybrid zone. Introgression of the genomic regions responsible for these signals: the major urinary proteins (MUPs) and androgen binding proteins (ABPs), respectively, was compared to introgression at loci assumed to be nearly neutral and those under selection against hybridization. The preference of individuals taken from across the zone regarding these signals was measured in Y mazes, and we develop a model for the analysis of the transition of such traits under reinforcement selection. The strongest assortative preferences were found in males for urine and females for ABP. Clinal analyses confirm nearly neutral introgression of an Abp locus and two loci closely linked to the Abp gene cluster, whereas two markers flanking the Mup gene region reveal unexpected introgression. Geographic change in the preference traits matches our reinforcement selection model significantly better than standard cline models. Our study confirms that behavioural barriers are important components of reproductive isolation between the house mouse subspecies.
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genetic conflict outweighs heterogametic incompatibility in the mouse hybrid zone
BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2008Co-Authors: Miloš Macholán, Barbora Vošlajerová Bímová, Stuart J.e. Baird, Pavel Munclinger, Petra Dufkova, Jaroslav PiálekAbstract:The Mus Musculus Musculus/M. m. domesticus contact zone in Europe is characterised by sharp frequency discontinuities for sex chromosome markers at the centre of wider clines in allozyme frequencies. We identify a triangular area (approximately 330 km2) where the Musculus Y chromosome introgresses across this front for up to 22 km into domesticus territory. Introgression of the Y chromosome is accompanied by a perturbation of the census sex ratio: the sex ratio is significantly female biased in Musculus localities and domesticus localities lacking Y chromosome introgression. In contrast, where the Musculus Y is detected in domesticus localities, the sex ratio is close to parity, and significantly different from both classes of female biased localities. The geographic position of an abrupt cline in an X chromosome marker, and autosomal clines centred on the same position, seem unaffected by the Musculus Y introgression. We conclude that sex ratio distortion is playing a role in the geographic separation of speciation genes in this section of the mouse hybrid zone. We suggest that clines for genes involved in sex-ratio distortion have escaped from the centre of the mouse hybrid zone, causing a decay in the barrier to gene flow between the two house mouse taxa.
