The Experts below are selected from a list of 2616 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ljiljana Sofronicmilosavljevic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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antibodies in sera from multiple sclerosis patients recognize trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae excretory secretory antigens
Immunobiology, 2020Co-Authors: Alisa Grudenmovsesijan, Jelena Cvetkovic, M Gnjatovic, Jelena Drulovic, Tatjana Pekmezovic, Ivana Mitic, Ljiljana SofronicmilosavljevicAbstract:Abstract Helminths, as complex pathogens, possess a large number of different epitopes, some of which may be similar to the epitopes of the host. Besides being the cause for the activation of self-reactive immune cells, molecular mimicry may also be the cause for the expansion of regulatory T cells, crucial for the host tolerance of self-antigens. Amelioration of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), caused by Trichinella spiralis infection or application of its Muscle Larvae excretory-secretory products (ES L1), was achieved through activation of Th2 and regulatory responses. The present study aimed to reveal whether the cause of observed immunomodulation could be the existence of shared epitopes between ES L1 antigens and auto-antigens. Serum samples from 92 MS patients were tested in Western blot for the reactivity toward components of ES L1. Immunoglobulins from the sera of MS patients recognized several ES L1 components, but 45, 49 and 58 kDa proteins dominated others by the frequency of interaction. According to the logistic regression analysis, these interactions were statistically significantly associated with MS, regardless of the disease phenotype or severity. Selected molecules might share homology with self-antigens and as such are worthy of further investigation in terms of potential immunomodulatory capacity and involvement in the parasite’s provoked amelioration of EAE.
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trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae release extracellular vesicles with immunomodulatory properties
Parasite Immunology, 2019Co-Authors: Maja Kosanovic, Jelena Cvetkovic, Alisa Grudenmovsesijan, Sasa Vasilev, Milanovic Svetlana, Natasa Ilic, Ljiljana SofronicmilosavljevicAbstract:AIMS: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a newly discovered but universal communication tool between cells or organisms. However, few data exist on nematode EVs and none for Trichinella spiralis. Here, we aimed to investigate whether T spiralis Muscle Larvae produce EVs, whether they carry immunomodulatory proteins and whether they have a role in immunomodulation as a component of excretory-secretory Muscle Larvae products (ES L1). METHODS AND RESULTS: EVs were enriched from conditioned medium of T spiralis Muscle Larvae. Transmission electron microscopy images showed T spiralis EVs to be 30-80 nm in size, and Western blot confirmed the presence of two out of three glycoproteins with the immunodominant epitope characteristic for Muscle Larvae of the genus Trichinella. Using a peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) stimulation assay, it was shown that these EVs elevated production of IL10 and IL6. CONCLUSION: T spiralis Muscle Larvae produce EVs. Those EVs carry immunomodulatory proteins and have the capacity independently to induce regulatory responses in the same way as the T spiralis excretory-secretory Muscle Larvae products from which they were isolated.
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immunomodulatory potential of particular trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae excretory secretory components
International Journal for Parasitology, 2016Co-Authors: Jelena Cvetkovic, Natasa Ilic, Ljiljana Sofronicmilosavljevic, M Gnjatovic, Isao Nagano, Alisa GrudenmovsesijanAbstract:Abstract Excretory–secretory antigens of Trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae can induce the semi-matured status of rat dendritic cells. This may at least partly be the consequence of transient activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2). Here we investigated the potential of several components of excretory–secretory antigens (native fraction containing 45, 49 and 53 kDa proteins and recombinant Tsp53, representing one of the constituents of this fraction) to demonstrate previously observed effects of excretory–secretory antigens on dendritic cells in vitro, characterised by establishment of a particular phenotype (very low MHC II expression, moderate CD86 expression and significant ICAM-1 expression) and functional properties (low production of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-12p70, and high production of IL-10 and TGF-β). Dendritic cells activated by these components were able to provoke proliferation of naive T cells and their polarisation towards Th2 and anti-inflammatory responses. The investigated antigens had almost the same capacity to induce IL-4 and IL-10 production from T cells as excretory–secretory antigens, but failed to induce significant TGF-β synthesis. It could be concluded that the investigated excretory–secretory antigens components can largely reproduce the immunomodulatory effects of the complete excretory–secretory antigens and therefore may be considered as molecules important for creation of the anti-inflammatory milieu achieved by the parasite.
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secretory products of trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae and immunomodulation implication for autoimmune diseases allergies and malignancies
Clinical & Developmental Immunology, 2015Co-Authors: Ljiljana Sofronicmilosavljevic, Natasa Ilic, Elena Pinelli, Alisa GrudenmovsesijanAbstract:Trichinella spiralis has the unique ability to make itself “at home” by creating and hiding in a new type of cell in the host body that is the nurse cell. From this immunologically privileged place, the parasite orchestrates a long-lasting molecular cross talk with the host through Muscle Larvae excretory-secretory products (ES L1). Those products can successfully modulate parasite-specific immune responses as well as responses to unrelated antigens (either self or nonself in origin), providing an anti-inflammatory milieu and maintaining homeostasis. It is clear, based on the findings from animal model studies, that T. spiralis and its products induce an immunomodulatory network (which encompasses Th2- and Treg-type responses) that may allow the host to deal with various hyperimmune-associated disorders as well as tumor growth, although the latter still remains unclear. This review focuses on studies of the molecules released by T. spiralis, their interaction with pattern recognition receptors on antigen presenting cells, and subsequently provoked responses. This paper also addresses the immunomodulatory properties of ES L1 molecules and how the induced immunomodulation influences the course of different experimental inflammatory and malignant diseases.
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lectin blot analyses of trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae excretory secretory components
Parasitology Research, 2002Co-Authors: Alisa Grudenmovsesijan, Natasa Ilic, Ljiljana SofronicmilosavljevicAbstract:The rapid recognition of invading pathogen polysaccharides by host lectins might have a significant role in the outcome of the infection. Oligosaccharide structures of the pathogens may provoke an antibody response and serve as a target for specific antibodies. It is well known that Trichinella spiralis antigens, either on the surface or excreted-secreted, are key modulators or targets of the host immune system. In our study of the role of lectins in host defense against T. spiralis infection, an investigation on sugar component of parasite glycoproteins was performed. Affino-blot analyses of T. spiralis Muscle Larvae excretory-secretory (ES) products by plant lectins revealed that these proteins possess: (1) N-glycans (ConA, PSA, PHA), and probably some O-linked structures (AAA), (2) oligosaccharide structures with mannose residues, especially of the oligomannose type (ConA) and the biantennary complex type with Fuc in the pentasaccharide core (PSA), (3) bisected oligosaccharides, probably some polyantennary glycophorms (PHA), (4) terminally positioned Gal (RCA I, AAA), (5) N-glycans containing oligomers of, or bisected GlcNAc (WGA), that lack α2,6 type of linkage (absence of SNA binding).
Alisa Grudenmovsesijan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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antibodies in sera from multiple sclerosis patients recognize trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae excretory secretory antigens
Immunobiology, 2020Co-Authors: Alisa Grudenmovsesijan, Jelena Cvetkovic, M Gnjatovic, Jelena Drulovic, Tatjana Pekmezovic, Ivana Mitic, Ljiljana SofronicmilosavljevicAbstract:Abstract Helminths, as complex pathogens, possess a large number of different epitopes, some of which may be similar to the epitopes of the host. Besides being the cause for the activation of self-reactive immune cells, molecular mimicry may also be the cause for the expansion of regulatory T cells, crucial for the host tolerance of self-antigens. Amelioration of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), caused by Trichinella spiralis infection or application of its Muscle Larvae excretory-secretory products (ES L1), was achieved through activation of Th2 and regulatory responses. The present study aimed to reveal whether the cause of observed immunomodulation could be the existence of shared epitopes between ES L1 antigens and auto-antigens. Serum samples from 92 MS patients were tested in Western blot for the reactivity toward components of ES L1. Immunoglobulins from the sera of MS patients recognized several ES L1 components, but 45, 49 and 58 kDa proteins dominated others by the frequency of interaction. According to the logistic regression analysis, these interactions were statistically significantly associated with MS, regardless of the disease phenotype or severity. Selected molecules might share homology with self-antigens and as such are worthy of further investigation in terms of potential immunomodulatory capacity and involvement in the parasite’s provoked amelioration of EAE.
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trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae release extracellular vesicles with immunomodulatory properties
Parasite Immunology, 2019Co-Authors: Maja Kosanovic, Jelena Cvetkovic, Alisa Grudenmovsesijan, Sasa Vasilev, Milanovic Svetlana, Natasa Ilic, Ljiljana SofronicmilosavljevicAbstract:AIMS: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a newly discovered but universal communication tool between cells or organisms. However, few data exist on nematode EVs and none for Trichinella spiralis. Here, we aimed to investigate whether T spiralis Muscle Larvae produce EVs, whether they carry immunomodulatory proteins and whether they have a role in immunomodulation as a component of excretory-secretory Muscle Larvae products (ES L1). METHODS AND RESULTS: EVs were enriched from conditioned medium of T spiralis Muscle Larvae. Transmission electron microscopy images showed T spiralis EVs to be 30-80 nm in size, and Western blot confirmed the presence of two out of three glycoproteins with the immunodominant epitope characteristic for Muscle Larvae of the genus Trichinella. Using a peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) stimulation assay, it was shown that these EVs elevated production of IL10 and IL6. CONCLUSION: T spiralis Muscle Larvae produce EVs. Those EVs carry immunomodulatory proteins and have the capacity independently to induce regulatory responses in the same way as the T spiralis excretory-secretory Muscle Larvae products from which they were isolated.
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immunomodulatory potential of particular trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae excretory secretory components
International Journal for Parasitology, 2016Co-Authors: Jelena Cvetkovic, Natasa Ilic, Ljiljana Sofronicmilosavljevic, M Gnjatovic, Isao Nagano, Alisa GrudenmovsesijanAbstract:Abstract Excretory–secretory antigens of Trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae can induce the semi-matured status of rat dendritic cells. This may at least partly be the consequence of transient activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2). Here we investigated the potential of several components of excretory–secretory antigens (native fraction containing 45, 49 and 53 kDa proteins and recombinant Tsp53, representing one of the constituents of this fraction) to demonstrate previously observed effects of excretory–secretory antigens on dendritic cells in vitro, characterised by establishment of a particular phenotype (very low MHC II expression, moderate CD86 expression and significant ICAM-1 expression) and functional properties (low production of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-12p70, and high production of IL-10 and TGF-β). Dendritic cells activated by these components were able to provoke proliferation of naive T cells and their polarisation towards Th2 and anti-inflammatory responses. The investigated antigens had almost the same capacity to induce IL-4 and IL-10 production from T cells as excretory–secretory antigens, but failed to induce significant TGF-β synthesis. It could be concluded that the investigated excretory–secretory antigens components can largely reproduce the immunomodulatory effects of the complete excretory–secretory antigens and therefore may be considered as molecules important for creation of the anti-inflammatory milieu achieved by the parasite.
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secretory products of trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae and immunomodulation implication for autoimmune diseases allergies and malignancies
Clinical & Developmental Immunology, 2015Co-Authors: Ljiljana Sofronicmilosavljevic, Natasa Ilic, Elena Pinelli, Alisa GrudenmovsesijanAbstract:Trichinella spiralis has the unique ability to make itself “at home” by creating and hiding in a new type of cell in the host body that is the nurse cell. From this immunologically privileged place, the parasite orchestrates a long-lasting molecular cross talk with the host through Muscle Larvae excretory-secretory products (ES L1). Those products can successfully modulate parasite-specific immune responses as well as responses to unrelated antigens (either self or nonself in origin), providing an anti-inflammatory milieu and maintaining homeostasis. It is clear, based on the findings from animal model studies, that T. spiralis and its products induce an immunomodulatory network (which encompasses Th2- and Treg-type responses) that may allow the host to deal with various hyperimmune-associated disorders as well as tumor growth, although the latter still remains unclear. This review focuses on studies of the molecules released by T. spiralis, their interaction with pattern recognition receptors on antigen presenting cells, and subsequently provoked responses. This paper also addresses the immunomodulatory properties of ES L1 molecules and how the induced immunomodulation influences the course of different experimental inflammatory and malignant diseases.
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lectin blot analyses of trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae excretory secretory components
Parasitology Research, 2002Co-Authors: Alisa Grudenmovsesijan, Natasa Ilic, Ljiljana SofronicmilosavljevicAbstract:The rapid recognition of invading pathogen polysaccharides by host lectins might have a significant role in the outcome of the infection. Oligosaccharide structures of the pathogens may provoke an antibody response and serve as a target for specific antibodies. It is well known that Trichinella spiralis antigens, either on the surface or excreted-secreted, are key modulators or targets of the host immune system. In our study of the role of lectins in host defense against T. spiralis infection, an investigation on sugar component of parasite glycoproteins was performed. Affino-blot analyses of T. spiralis Muscle Larvae excretory-secretory (ES) products by plant lectins revealed that these proteins possess: (1) N-glycans (ConA, PSA, PHA), and probably some O-linked structures (AAA), (2) oligosaccharide structures with mannose residues, especially of the oligomannose type (ConA) and the biantennary complex type with Fuc in the pentasaccharide core (PSA), (3) bisected oligosaccharides, probably some polyantennary glycophorms (PHA), (4) terminally positioned Gal (RCA I, AAA), (5) N-glycans containing oligomers of, or bisected GlcNAc (WGA), that lack α2,6 type of linkage (absence of SNA binding).
Pascal Boireau - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative analysis of excretory secretory products of Muscle Larvae of three isolates of trichinella pseudospiralis by the itraq method
Veterinary Parasitology, 2020Co-Authors: Yang Wang, Bin Tang, Yulu Zhang, Lixiao Zhang, Pascal BoireauAbstract:Abstract Trichinella pseudospiralis is a non-encapsulated intracellular parasitic nematode that can possess a strong ability to modulate the host immune response. Here, we compared the differentially expressed proteins of excretory-secretory (ES) products in three isolates of T. pseudospiralis Muscle Larvae (ML) [from Russia (RUS), United States of America (USA) and Australia (AUS)] using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-based technology. A total of 2591 nonredundant proteins were identified, of which 65 (146), 72 (98) and 43 (103) significantly upregulated (downregulated) differentially expressed proteins were detected among pairwise comparisons (T4RUS vs T4USA, T4AUS vs T4USA and T4RUS vs T4AUS). In addition, GO annotation, KEGG and STRING analyses were carried out on the screened differentially altered proteins. The main biological processes involved included carbohydrate metabolic processes, DNA metabolic processes, cellular protein modification processes and homeostatic processes. The majority of KEGG pathways were found to be related to the metabolic pathways, lysosome pathway and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum. Moreover, all ES protein expression levels involved in the lysosome pathway were significantly higher in the T4USA isolate than in the other two isolates. We also found differences in the expression of some important immunoregulatory proteins, such as protein disulfide-isomerase, thioredoxin protein and deoxyribonuclease-2-alpha, between different isolates of T. pseudospiralis ML. Flow cytometry was used to detect the increase in the CD4+/CD8 + T-cell ratio in pig peripheral blood and to verify the effect of T. pseudospiralis on the Th1/Th2 polarization of the host. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis also confirmed that the changes in the transcriptional level of genes were consistent with those at the proteomic level. These findings reveal the possible role of significantly differentially expressed proteins in ES products of the different isolates of T. pseudospiralis in antagonizing and participating in the regulation of the host immune response and maintaining a stable growth environment.
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freeze tolerance of trichinella Muscle Larvae in experimentally infected wild boars
Veterinary Parasitology, 2013Co-Authors: Sandrine A Lacour, C M O Kapel, Aurelie Heckmann, Pauline Mace, Aurelie Grassetchevillot, Gina Zanella, Isabelle Vallee, Pascal BoireauAbstract:Abstract Freeze-tolerance of encapsulated Trichinella Muscle Larvae (ML) is mainly determined by Trichinella species, but is also influenced by host species, the age of the infection and the storage time and temperature of the infected meat. Moreover, the freeze-tolerance of the encapsulated species appears to be correlated to the development of thick capsule walls which increases with age. An extended infection period and the Muscle composition in some hosts (e.g. herbivores) may provide freeze-avoiding matrices due to high carbohydrate contents. The present experiment compares freeze-tolerance of Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella britovi ML in wild boar meat 24 weeks post inoculation (wpi). Three groups of four wild boars were infected with 200, 2000 or 20,000 ML of T. britovi (ISS 1575), respectively. Additionally, three wild boars were inoculated with 20,000 ML of T. spiralis (ISS 004) and two animals served as negative controls. All wild boars were sacrificed 24 wpi. Muscle samples of 70 g were stored at −21 °C for 19, 30 and 56 h, and for 1–8 weeks. Larvae were recovered by artificial digestion. Their mobilities were recorded using Saisam® image analysis software and their infectivities were evaluated using mouse bioassays. Samples frozen for 19, 30 and 56 h allowed recovery of mobile ML, but samples frozen for 1 or 2 weeks did not. Correspondingly, only T. spiralis and T. britovi Larvae isolated from wild boar meat frozen for 19, 30 and 56 h established in mice. This study showed that freezing at −21 °C for 1 week inactivated T. spiralis and T. britovi ML encapsulated in wild boar meat for24 weeks.
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inhibition of mammalian Muscle differentiation by excretory secretory products of Muscle Larvae of trichinella spiralis in vitro
Parasitology Research, 2012Co-Authors: Xiuping Wu, Isabelle Vallee, Xuelin Wang, Yanxia Song, Yajuan Miao, Lu Yu, Bin Tang, Xinrui Wang, Blaga Radu, Pascal BoireauAbstract:The excretory-secretory products (ESP) released by Muscle stage of Trichinella spiralis have been suggested to be involved in nurse cell formation. However, the molecular mechanisms by which ESP modulate nurse cell formation remain unclear. In the present study, the ability of ESP of Muscle Larvae of T. spiralis (ML-ESP) to influence the proliferation and differentiation of murine myoblasts and the mechanisms were evaluated in vitro using C2C12 myoblast cell line, which were incubated for various times under grow or differentiation culture medium containing various concentrations of ML-ESP. The results indicated that ML-ESP promoted myoblast proliferation in a dose-dependent manner and increased the expression of the cell-cycle regulator cyclin D1 as well as that of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Conversely, ML-ESP inhibited the differentiation of these cells, which was evidenced by a reduction in the levels of MHC and MRFs expression (MyoD and myogenin) as well as that of p21. In addition, ML-ESP also inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in differentiating C2C12 myoblast. Taken together, these results imply that certain critical mediators contained in ML-ESP inhibit myogenesis through enhancing skeletal myoblasts proliferation and down-regulating the expression of MRFs as well as involving p38 MAPK signalling pathway, which provides insight into the mechanisms utilised by T. spiralis to interfere normal wound repair in infected Muscle cells and affect nurse cell formation.
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differential activation of mast cells by antigens from trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae adults and newborn Larvae
Veterinary Parasitology, 2009Co-Authors: Lilian Yepezmulia, Pascal Boireau, C Montanoescalona, Rocio Fonsecalinan, Samira Munozcruz, N Arizmendipuga, G OrtegapierresAbstract:Mast cell (MC) hyperplasia and activation are prominent features in Trichinella spiralis infection. Indeed a temporal correlation has been shown between the kinetics of intestinal mastocytosis, release of inflammatory mediators from MC, and adult worm loss, which constitutes a major component of the defense against T. spiralis infection. It is well known that during the intestinal phase of trichinellosis, Muscle Larvae (ML) and adult worms (AD) enter into contact with the host; however, interaction with MC may also occur during migration of newborn Larvae (NBL). Therefore, it is plausible that antigens from these developmental stages could activate MC. We have previously demonstrated by in vitro assays that T. spiralis Muscle larval (TSL-1) antigens activate MC through an Ig-independent mechanism leading to the release of histamine, MC protease 5, IL-4 and TNF alpha. In this work we evaluated whether total antigens from AD or NBL could activate unsensitized MC and we compared this activation with the activation seen when MC are stimulated with TSL-1 antigens. MC activation was also tested with affinity chromatography purified antigens from NBL using the monoclonal antibody CE-4 that recognizes NBL surface components. The results obtained in this study showed that AD total extracts and TSL-1 antigens induced the release of histamine but not β-hexosaminidase from unsensitized MC, suggesting a selective secretion of MC mediators. In contrast, NBL total extracts or purified NBL antigens did not induce the release of either histamine or β-hexosaminidase from MC. Interestingly, AD and ML are the stages that interact with the host during the intestinal phase of infection. The mechanisms involved in TSL-1 and AD activation of unsensitized MC may function together with other mechanisms of MC activation in host protection against T. spiralis.
Zhong Quan Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative proteomic analysis of surface proteins of trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae and intestinal infective Larvae
Acta Tropica, 2015Co-Authors: Peng Jiang, Xi Zhang, Li Wang, Shao Rong Long, Zhong Quan WangAbstract:Abstract The critical step for Trichinella spiralis infection is that Muscle Larvae (ML) are activated to intestinal infective Larvae (IIL) and invade intestinal epithelium to further develop. The IIL is its first invasive stage, surface proteins are directly exposed to host environment and are crucial for larval invasion and development. In this study, shotgun LC-MS/MS was used to analyze surface protein profiles of ML and IIL. Totally, 41 proteins common to both Larvae, and 85 ML biased and 113 IIL biased proteins. Some proteins (e.g., putative scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain protein and putative onchocystatin) were involved in host-parasite interactions. Gene ontology analysis revealed that proteins involved in generation of precursor metabolites and energy; and nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process were enriched in IIL at level 4. Some IIL biased proteins might play important role in larval invasion and development. qPCR results confirmed the high expression of some genes in IIL. Our study provides new insights into larval invasion, host- Trichinella interaction and for screening vaccine candidate antigens.
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identification of early diagnostic antigens from major excretory secretory proteins of trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae using immunoproteomics
Parasites & Vectors, 2014Co-Authors: Li Wang, Dan Dan Hu, Zhong Quan WangAbstract:The excretory-secretory (ES) proteins of Trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae (ML) come mainly from the excretory granules of the stichosome and the cuticles (membrane proteins), are directly exposed to the host’s immune system, and are the main target antigens, which induce the immune responses. Although the ES proteins are the most commonly used diagnostic antigens for trichinellosis, their main disadvantage are the false negative results during the early stage of infection. The aim of this study was to identify early specific diagnostic antigens from the main components of T. spiralis Muscle larval ES proteins. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) combined with Western blot were used to screen the early diagnostic antigens from the main components of T. spiralis Muscle larval ES proteins. The protein spots recognized by the sera from BALB/c mice infected with T. spiralis at 18 days post-infection (dpi) were identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS and putatively annotated using GO terms obtained from the InterPro databases. The ES proteins were analyzed by 2-DE, and more than 33 protein spots were detected with molecular weight varying from 40 to 60 kDa and isoelectric point (pI) from 4 to 7. When probed with the sera from infected mice at 18 dpi, 21 protein spots were recognized and then identified, and they were characterized to correlate with five different proteins of T. spiralis, including two serine proteases, one deoxyribonuclease (DNase) II, and two kinds of trypsin. The five proteins were functionally categorized into molecular function and biological process according to GO hierarchy. 2-DE and Western blot combined with MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS were used to screen the diagnostic antigens from the main components of T. spiralis Muscle larval ES proteins. The five proteins of T. spiralis identified (two serine proteases, DNase II and two kinds of trypsin) might be the early specific diagnostic antigens of trichinellosis.
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proteomic analysis of surface proteins of trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae by two dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry
Parasites & Vectors, 2013Co-Authors: Li Wang, Xi Zhang, Peng Jiang, Zhong Quan WangAbstract:Background Trichinella spiralis is a zoonotic tissue-dwelling parasitic nematode that infects humans and other mammals. Its surface proteins are recognized as antigenic in many infected hosts, being directly exposed to the host’s immune system and are the main target antigens that induce the immune responses. The larval surface proteins may also interact with intestinal epithelial cells and may play an important role in the invasion and development process of T. spiralis. The purpose of this study was to analyze and characterize the surface proteins of T. spiralis Muscle Larvae by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry.
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protein changes in trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae in vitro induced by bovine bile
Veterinary Parasitology, 2013Co-Authors: Li Wang, Zhong Quan WangAbstract:Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate bovine bile induced protein changes within Trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae (ML) in vitro. The Larvae were activated by 5% raw bovine bile diluted in saline and in serum-free RPMI-1640 medium at 37 °C in 5% CO2 for 2 h and, respectively. The crude and excretory–secretory (ES) antigens from ML were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Following activation and comparison to blots of non-activated ML, blots of activated T. spiralis crude worm extract gave rise to three new protein bands (133, 125, and 26 kDa) when screened with mouse infection sera, and four new bands (125, 116, 80, and 29 kDa) when screened with sera from mice immunized with ES antigen. In the same screenings, a loss of two bands migrating at 106 and 25 kDa, and three bands migrating at 76, 58, and 16 kDa, respectively, was observed. When ES antigens from activated ML were blotted and compared to non-activated ML, four new bands (136, 39, 38, and 36 kDa) and seven new bands (136, 120, 100, 39, 36, 34, and 31 kDa) appeared when screened with infection sera and ES immune sera, respectively. In the same comparison, two bands migrating at 67 and 20 kDa, and ten bands migrating at 132, 112, 33, 32, 26, 23, 21, 19, 16, and 15 kDa, were no longer recognized by the ML infection sera and immune sera, respectively. The results showed that after the ML were activated by bile, their protein profiles changed. It is not yet clear if this change is related to the induction or loss of synthesized proteins, or to changes in the migration profiles of existing proteins as a result of post-translational modifications.
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Effect of vinegar or soy sauce on the infectivity and reproductive capacity of Trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae
Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, 2010Co-Authors: Xi Zhang, Zhong Quan Wang, Shuwei Wang, Ling-zhao Li, Ming-ming Wang, Peng JiangAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of edible vinegar or soy sauce on the infectivity and reproductive capacity of Muscle Larvae of Trichinella spiralis. METHODS: One hundred and forty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 14 groups (10 mice per group). Mice in each group were orally fed with 300 Muscle Larvae in meat (weighing 0.02 g) soaked with edible vinegar (pH 3.05, 4.5% acid), soy (19.3% NaCl) or saline (control) for different time respectively. Half of the infected mice were sacrificed on day 7 and day 42 post-infection respectively. The intestinal adult worms and Muscle Larvae were observed, and reproductive capacity index (RCI) was determined. RESULTS: The intestinal adult worms (77, 41, 0, and 0, respectively) and RCI (52.48, 18.45, 0, and 0, respectively) in mice fed with 300 Muscle Larvae treated by vinegar for 3, 6, 12, and 24 h were considerably lower than that in saline control (worm number 121, 121, 116, and 101; RCI 159.10, 124.56, 73.63, and 42.17) (P
C M O Kapel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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freeze tolerance of trichinella Muscle Larvae in experimentally infected wild boars
Veterinary Parasitology, 2013Co-Authors: Sandrine A Lacour, C M O Kapel, Aurelie Heckmann, Pauline Mace, Aurelie Grassetchevillot, Gina Zanella, Isabelle Vallee, Pascal BoireauAbstract:Abstract Freeze-tolerance of encapsulated Trichinella Muscle Larvae (ML) is mainly determined by Trichinella species, but is also influenced by host species, the age of the infection and the storage time and temperature of the infected meat. Moreover, the freeze-tolerance of the encapsulated species appears to be correlated to the development of thick capsule walls which increases with age. An extended infection period and the Muscle composition in some hosts (e.g. herbivores) may provide freeze-avoiding matrices due to high carbohydrate contents. The present experiment compares freeze-tolerance of Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella britovi ML in wild boar meat 24 weeks post inoculation (wpi). Three groups of four wild boars were infected with 200, 2000 or 20,000 ML of T. britovi (ISS 1575), respectively. Additionally, three wild boars were inoculated with 20,000 ML of T. spiralis (ISS 004) and two animals served as negative controls. All wild boars were sacrificed 24 wpi. Muscle samples of 70 g were stored at −21 °C for 19, 30 and 56 h, and for 1–8 weeks. Larvae were recovered by artificial digestion. Their mobilities were recorded using Saisam® image analysis software and their infectivities were evaluated using mouse bioassays. Samples frozen for 19, 30 and 56 h allowed recovery of mobile ML, but samples frozen for 1 or 2 weeks did not. Correspondingly, only T. spiralis and T. britovi Larvae isolated from wild boar meat frozen for 19, 30 and 56 h established in mice. This study showed that freezing at −21 °C for 1 week inactivated T. spiralis and T. britovi ML encapsulated in wild boar meat for24 weeks.
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sylvatic and domestic trichinella spp in wild boars infectivity Muscle Larvae distribution and antibody response
Journal of Parasitology, 2001Co-Authors: C M O KapelAbstract:Thirty-six wild boars were inoculated with Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella nativa, Trichinella britovi, Trichinella pseudospiralis (USSR), T. pseudospiralis (USA), T. pseudospiralis (AUST), Trichinella murrelli, Trichinella T6, and Trichinella nelsoni. The wild boars were killed at 5 and 10 wk postinoculation (PI), and the number of Muscle Larvae per g (lpg) of tissue was determined for 18 Muscles or Muscle groups. Five weeks PI, all Trichinella genotypes had established as Muscle Larvae, but their infectivity varied widely: T. spiralis established in high numbers (mean = 296 lpg), T. britovi, T. nelsoni, and 1 of the T. pseudospiralis genotypes (AUST) in moderate numbers (mean = 53–74 lpg), whereas the remaining genotypes were poorly infective (mean = 2–16 lpg). Because of considerable weight gain of the wild boars, an estimated total larval burden (live weight × lpg) was calculated for each animal. The total larval burden did not change significantly over time for T. spiralis, T. murrelli, T. britovi,...
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trichinella infections in arctic foxes from greenland studies and reflections on predilection sites of Muscle Larvae
Journal of Helminthology, 1995Co-Authors: C M O Kapel, S A Henriksen, T B Berg, P NansenAbstract:Studies were carried out to determine the predilection sites of Trichinella nativa Muscle Larvae in arctic foxes ( Alopex lagopus ) caught in Greenland. The highest number of Larvae per gram of tissue was found in the Muscles of the eyes and the legs. With regard to predilection sites no significant differences were demonstrated either between age groups or between foxes with high and low total parasite burdens. Predilection sites were comparable with those recorded earlier in experimentally infected caged foxes and in other carnivorous species. Hypotheses on predilection sites of Trichinella Muscle Larvae are discussed.
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a study on the predilection sites of trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae in experimentally infected foxes alopex lagopus vulpes vulpes
Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, 1994Co-Authors: C M O Kapel, S A Henriksen, H H Dietz, P Henriksen, P NansenAbstract:: Studies were carried out on the predilection sites of Trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae in experimentally infected arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) and silver foxes (Vulpes vulpes) reared in cages. The highest number of Larvae per gram tissue was found in the Muscles of the legs, eyes, diaphragm, and tongue. The 2 fox species showed no significant differences with regard to predilection sites.
