The Experts below are selected from a list of 192 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Danielle Cloutier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaporative water loss by hibernating little brown bats Myotis Lucifugus
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, 1992Co-Authors: Donald W Thomas, Danielle CloutierAbstract:We measured total evaporative water loss (EWL)for little brown bats (Myotis Lucifugus) hibernating at 2° and 4°C. Total EWL was not influenced by body mass or temperature but was directly related to the difference in water vapor pressure (ΔWVP) between the tissue surfaces and the atmosphere. Evaporative water loss (mg bat⁻¹ d⁻¹) is 3763 ΔWVP (kPa). Metabolic water production, estimated at 1.68 mg bat⁻¹ d⁻¹, will not compensate for EWL except at relative humidities greater than 99.3% at normal hibernating temperatures. Net water losses range from 3.62 to 28 88 mg bat⁻¹ d⁻¹ at temperatures and humidities ranging from 2° to 4°C and 90% to 98%. Torpor durations predicted on the basis of net EWL correspond closely to those observed in laboratory and field studies, which suggests that water loss may be implicated in arousals from hibernation. We also measured respiratory frequency and tidal volume using a head-body plethysmograph. Bats showed an arrhythmic breathing pattern with bouts of apnea (31.6± 1.4 min) p...
Craig K R Willis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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no evidence of hyperphagia during prehibernation in a northern population of little brown bats Myotis Lucifugus
Canadian Journal of Zoology, 2016Co-Authors: Liam P Mcguire, Kristina A Muise, Anuraag Shrivastav, Craig K R WillisAbstract:During autumn, temperate bats must deposit fat stores for hibernation. Populations at high latitudes face four challenges: a shorter active season and shorter nights during the active season (less time to accumulate fat), a longer hibernation period (larger fat store needed), and colder nights (reduced prey availability). Mating also occurs during the prehibernation period, placing time constraints for mating and fattening on northern populations. We tested the hypothesis that these factors constrain prehibernation foraging in northern populations of little brown bats (Myotis Lucifugus (Le Conte, 1831)). We measured plasma triglyceride concentration to study prehibernation fueling rates of a population near the northern range limit of the species and compared our results with previously published results from a more southern population. In contrast to bats at the lower latitude, we found consistently low concentrations of plasma triglycerides, indicating a low fuelling rate throughout the prehibernation p...
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hibernation phenology of Myotis Lucifugus
Journal of Zoology, 2014Co-Authors: K J O Norquay, Craig K R WillisAbstract:Hibernating animals must time immergence and emergence carefully to maximize reproductive success and reduce the risk of encountering inclement weather or predators. Few studies of phenology exist for any hibernating species and those that do address species which mate during spring. We used passive transponders (PIT tags) to study hibernation phenology of little brown bats Myotis Lucifugus, a species that mates prior to hibernation in the fall. We expected that adult females would emerge earliest as early parturition increases juvenile survival. We predicted that females with large fat stores should emerge earliest because of their ability to tolerate inclement spring weather at the maternity roost. We also predicted that adult males would remain active later than females to maximize mating opportunities and compensate for body mass decline during the mating period. We implanted 475 bats with PIT tags and remotely recorded immergence and emergence timing at a hibernaculum in central Canada. As expected, adult males were active significantly later (median immergence date = 16 September 2011) than adult females (11 September 2011) and adult females emerged earlier (median emergence date = 6 May 2012) than both adult males (25 May 2012) and subadults (13 May 2012). Emergence timing was correlated with fall body condition in adult females, with fatter females emerging earlier, but not males. Our results highlight the importance of reproductive timing as an influence on hibernation phenology of mammals.
Deeann M Reeder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pharmacokinetics of terbinafine in little brown Myotis Myotis Lucifugus infected with pseudogymnoascus destructans
American Journal of Veterinary Research, 2017Co-Authors: Michael H Court, Alison H Robbins, Anne M Whitford, Erika V Beck, Flo S Tseng, Deeann M ReederAbstract:OBJECTIVE To determine the pharmacokinetics of terbinafine in little brown Myotis (Myotis Lucifugus) infected with Pseudogymnoascus destructans. ANIMALS 123 bats from a P destructans–infected hibernation site in Virginia. PROCEDURES 3 bats were euthanized and necropsied to confirm the presence of P destructans within the population. The remaining 120 bats were systematically assigned to 6 groups (20 bats/group). Bats in each of 3 groups received 6, 20, or 60 mg of terbinafine/kg, SC, once daily for 10 days. Bats in another group received 200 mg of terbinafine/kg, SC, once daily for 5 days. Bats in 1 group received the terbinafine vehicle solution (0.1 mL/kg, SC, once daily for 10 days). Bats in the remaining group did not receive any treatment. Following the treatment period (days 1 through 10), bats were housed in a hibernation chamber and monitored daily until euthanasia on day 42, 75, or 109. Tissue specimens were collected from all bats as soon as possible after death or euthanasia to determine terbin...
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sex and hibernaculum temperature predict survivorship in white nose syndrome affected little brown Myotis Myotis Lucifugus
Royal Society Open Science, 2015Co-Authors: Laura E Grieneisen, Sarah A Brownleebouboulis, Joseph S Johnson, Deeann M ReederAbstract:White-nose syndrome (WNS), an emerging infectious disease caused by the novel fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans, has devastated North American bat populations since its discovery in 2006. The little brown Myotis, Myotis Lucifugus, has been especially affected. The goal of this 2-year captive study was to determine the impact of hibernacula temperature and sex on WNS survivorship in little brown Myotis that displayed visible fungal infection when collected from affected hibernacula. In study 1, we found that WNS-affected male bats had increased survival over females and that bats housed at a colder temperature survived longer than those housed at warmer temperatures. In study 2, we found that WNS-affected bats housed at a colder temperature fared worse than unaffected bats. Our results demonstrate that WNS mortality varies among individuals, and that colder hibernacula are more favourable for survival. They also suggest that female bats may be more negatively affected by WNS than male bats, which has important implications for the long-term survival of the little brown Myotis in eastern North America.
Donald W Thomas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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foraging distances and home range of pregnant and lactating little brown bats Myotis Lucifugus
Journal of Mammalogy, 2002Co-Authors: Mickael Henry, Donald W Thomas, Real Vaudry, Michel CarrierAbstract:Abstract As income breeders, lactating female bats rely on current resource intake to support costs of reproduction and so must reconcile the conflicting demands of foraging and nursing. We documented changes in the movement of female little brown bats (Myotis Lucifugus) around roosts between pregnancy and lactation. Home-range size dropped by 51% between pregnancy and lactation, resulting in a 35% decrease in flight distances. Although pregnant females rarely returned to roosts during the night, lactating females returned 1–2 times, which led to an increase in activity at the roosts beginning about 3 h after initial emergence. We argue that their high mass-specific milk production forces lactating females to nurse at night, which in turn imposes a constraint on foraging distances. The shift to a smaller home range is probably facilitated by the concomitant increase in insect biomass during the July lactation period.
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evaporative water loss by hibernating little brown bats Myotis Lucifugus
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, 1992Co-Authors: Donald W Thomas, Danielle CloutierAbstract:We measured total evaporative water loss (EWL)for little brown bats (Myotis Lucifugus) hibernating at 2° and 4°C. Total EWL was not influenced by body mass or temperature but was directly related to the difference in water vapor pressure (ΔWVP) between the tissue surfaces and the atmosphere. Evaporative water loss (mg bat⁻¹ d⁻¹) is 3763 ΔWVP (kPa). Metabolic water production, estimated at 1.68 mg bat⁻¹ d⁻¹, will not compensate for EWL except at relative humidities greater than 99.3% at normal hibernating temperatures. Net water losses range from 3.62 to 28 88 mg bat⁻¹ d⁻¹ at temperatures and humidities ranging from 2° to 4°C and 90% to 98%. Torpor durations predicted on the basis of net EWL correspond closely to those observed in laboratory and field studies, which suggests that water loss may be implicated in arousals from hibernation. We also measured respiratory frequency and tidal volume using a head-body plethysmograph. Bats showed an arrhythmic breathing pattern with bouts of apnea (31.6± 1.4 min) p...
Laura E Grieneisen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sex and hibernaculum temperature predict survivorship in white nose syndrome affected little brown Myotis Myotis Lucifugus
Royal Society Open Science, 2015Co-Authors: Laura E Grieneisen, Sarah A Brownleebouboulis, Joseph S Johnson, Deeann M ReederAbstract:White-nose syndrome (WNS), an emerging infectious disease caused by the novel fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans, has devastated North American bat populations since its discovery in 2006. The little brown Myotis, Myotis Lucifugus, has been especially affected. The goal of this 2-year captive study was to determine the impact of hibernacula temperature and sex on WNS survivorship in little brown Myotis that displayed visible fungal infection when collected from affected hibernacula. In study 1, we found that WNS-affected male bats had increased survival over females and that bats housed at a colder temperature survived longer than those housed at warmer temperatures. In study 2, we found that WNS-affected bats housed at a colder temperature fared worse than unaffected bats. Our results demonstrate that WNS mortality varies among individuals, and that colder hibernacula are more favourable for survival. They also suggest that female bats may be more negatively affected by WNS than male bats, which has important implications for the long-term survival of the little brown Myotis in eastern North America.
