Myricaceae

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Chunching Lin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • induction of apoptosis in human breast adenocarcinoma mcf 7 cells by prodelphinidin b 2 3 3 di o gallate from myrica rubra via fas mediated pathway
    Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Polin Kuo, Yaling Hsu, Tachen Lin, Liang Tzung Lin, Chunching Lin
    Abstract:

    Myrica rubra Sieb et Zucc. (Myricaceae) is well known as a rich source of tannins. Prodelphinidin B-2 3,3'-di-O-gallate (PB233'OG) is a proanthocyanidin gallate that has been reported to exhibit antioxidant and antiviral activity. In this study, we evaluated the anti-proliferative activity of PB233'OG isolated from the bark of M. rubra in human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells. To identity the anti-cancer mechanism of PB233'OG, we assayed its effect on apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, and levels of p53, p21/WAF1, Fas/APO-1 receptor and Fas ligand. The results showed that PB233'OG induced apoptosis of MCF-7 cells without mediation of p53 and p21/WAF1. We suggest that Fas/Fas ligand apoptotic system is the main pathway of PB233'OG-mediated apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. Our study reports here for the first time that the activity of the Fas/Fas ligand apoptotic system may participate in the anti-proliferative activity of PB233'OG in MCF-7 cells.

  • prodelphinidin b 2 3 3 di o gallate from myrica rubra inhibits proliferation of a549 carcinoma cells via blocking cell cycle progression and inducing apoptosis
    European Journal of Pharmacology, 2004
    Co-Authors: Polin Kuo, Yaling Hsu, Tachen Lin, Chunching Lin
    Abstract:

    In this study, the antiproliferative activity of prodelphinidin B-2 3, 3'-di-O-gallate (PB233'OG) isolated from the bark of Myrica rubra (Myricaceae) was investigated. The results showed that PB233'OG inhibited the proliferation of A549 by blocking cell cycle progression in the G0/G1 phase and inducing apoptosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed that the G0/G1 phase arrest is due to increase the expression of p21/WAF1. An enhancement in Fas/APO-1 and its two form ligands, membrane-bound Fas ligand (mFasL) and soluble Fas ligand (sFasL), might be responsible for the apoptotic effect induced by PB233'OG. Our study reports here for the first time that the induction of p21/WAF1 and activity of the Fas/Fas ligand apoptotic system may participate in the anti-proliferative activity of PB233'OG in A549 cells.

  • in vitro antiviral activity of prodelphinidin b 2 3 3 di o gallate from myrica rubra
    Planta Medica, 2003
    Co-Authors: Huayew Cheng, Tachen Lin, Kanji Ishimaru, Chienmin Yang, Kuochih Wang, Chunching Lin
    Abstract:

    In this study, the in vitro antiviral properties of prodelphinidin B-2 3,3'-di- O-gallate (PB233'OG) isolated from the bark of Myrica rubra (Myricaceae) was investigated. Results showed that PB233'OG exhibited anti-herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) activity with IC (50) values of 5.3 +/- 0.1 and 0.4 +/- 0.04 microM for XTT and plaque reduction assays, respectively. The IC (50) value increased with increasing MOI (multiplicity of infection). PB233'OG did not show a cellular cytotoxic effect at concentrations that possessed antiviral activity. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that PB233'OG inhibited HSV-2 attachment to the Vero cell, interfered with the penetration of HSV-2 into the Vero cell, affected the late stage(s) of the HSV-2 infection cycle, and also reduced the viral infectivity at high concentrations. It is concluded that PB233'OG exhibits various modes of action in its anti-HSV-2 effects.

Kunsong Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • elucidation of myricetin biosynthesis in morella rubra of the Myricaceae
    Plant Journal, 2021
    Co-Authors: Mengyun Xing, Yunlin Cao, Chuanhong Ren, Yilong Liu, Donald Grierson, Cathie Martin, Chongde Sun, Kunsong Chen
    Abstract:

    Flavonols are health-promoting bioactive compounds important for plant defense and human nutrition. Quercetin (Q) and kaempferol (K) biosynthesis have been studied extensively while little is known about myricetin (M) biosynthesis. The roles of flavonol synthases (FLSs) and flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase (F3'5'H) in M biosynthesis in Morella rubra, a member of the Myricaceae rich in M-based flavonols, were investigated. The level of MrFLS transcripts alone did not correlate well with the accumulation of M-based flavonols. However, combined transcript data for MrFLS1 and MrF3'5'H showed a good correlation with the accumulation of M-based flavonols in different tissues of M. rubra. Recombinant MrFLS1 and MrFLS2 proteins showed strong activity with dihydroquercetin (DHQ), dihydrokaempferol (DHK), and dihydromyricetin (DHM) as substrates, while recombinant MrF3'5'H protein preferred converting K to M, amongst a range of substrates. Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) overexpressing 35S::MrFLSs produced elevated levels of K-based and Q-based flavonols without affecting M-based flavonol levels, while tobacco overexpressing 35S::MrF3'5'H accumulated significantly higher levels of M-based flavonols. We conclude that M accumulation in M. rubra is affected by gene expression and enzyme specificity of FLS and F3'5'H as well as substrate availability. In the metabolic grid of flavonol biosynthesis, the strong activity of MrF3'5'H with K as substrate additionally promotes metabolic flux towards M in M. rubra.

  • development and characterization of 109 polymorphic est ssrs derived from the chinese bayberry myrica rubra Myricaceae transcriptome
    American Journal of Botany, 2012
    Co-Authors: Shaoyang Zhang, Donald Grierson, Chao Feng, Changqing Zhu, Kunsong Chen
    Abstract:

    UNLABELLED PREMISE OF THE STUDY In Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra), the available simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are insufficient to meet the developing demand for genetic and molecular breeding research. This study was aimed at developing a large number of polymorphic expressed sequence tag (EST)-SSRs from the transcriptome of Chinese bayberry. • METHODS AND RESULTS Five hundred ninety-four compound EST-SSRs and 5557 noncompound ones were identified from 41239 unigene sequences generated from the transcriptome of M. rubra cv. Biqi. Using 10 Chinese bayberry cultivars, 109 polymorphic EST-SSRs were screened from 412 selected. In total, they generated 389 alleles, with a polymorphism ratio of 93.8%. In addition, it was observed that the polymorphism levels of compound EST-SSRs were somewhat lower than those of noncompound ones. • CONCLUSIONS The 109 polymorphic EST-SSRs developed from the Chinese bayberry transcriptome should greatly promote the development of genetic and molecular breeding studies in this as well as other Myricaceae species.

Chengxin Fu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the complete chloroplast genome of chinese bayberry morella rubra Myricaceae implications for understanding the evolution of fagales
    Frontiers in Plant Science, 2017
    Co-Authors: Rui Li, James R P Worth, Xian Li, Pan Li, Kenneth M Cameron, Chengxin Fu
    Abstract:

    Morella rubra (Myricaceae), also known as Chinese bayberry, is an economically important, subtropical, evergreen fruit tree. The phylogenetic placement of Myricaceae within Fagales and the origin of Chinese bayberry’s domestication are still unresolved. In this study, we report the chloroplast (cp) genome of M. rubra and take advantage of several previously reported chloroplast genomes from related taxa to examine patterns of evolution in Fagales. The cp genomes of three M. rubra individuals were 159,478 bp, 159,568 bp and 159.586 bp in length, respectively, comprising a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions (26,014–26,069 bp) separated by a large single-copy (LSC) region (88,683–88,809 bp) and a small single-copy (SSC) region (18,676–18,767 bp). Each cp genome encodes the same 111 unique genes, consisting of 77 different protein-coding genes, 30 transfer RNA genes and four ribosomal RNA genes, with 18 duplicated in the inverted repeats. Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes from four representative Fagales families revealed the loss of infA and the pseudogenization of ycf15 in all analyzed species, and rpl22 has been pseudogenized in M. rubra and Castanea mollissima, but not in Juglans regia or Ostrya rehderiana. The genome size variations are detected mainly due to the length of intergenic spacers rather than gene loss, gene pseudogenization, IR expansion or contraction. The phylogenetic relationships yielded by the complete genome sequences strongly support the placement of Myricaceae as sister to Juglandaceae. Furthermore, seven cpDNA markers (trnH-psbA, psbA-trnK, rps2-rpoC2, ycf4-cemA, petD-rpoA, ndhE-ndhG and ndhA intron) with relatively high levels of variation and variable cpSSR loci were identified within M. rubra, which will be useful in future researches characterizing the population genetics of M. rubra and investigating the origin of domesticated Chinese bayberry.

Donald Grierson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • elucidation of myricetin biosynthesis in morella rubra of the Myricaceae
    Plant Journal, 2021
    Co-Authors: Mengyun Xing, Yunlin Cao, Chuanhong Ren, Yilong Liu, Donald Grierson, Cathie Martin, Chongde Sun, Kunsong Chen
    Abstract:

    Flavonols are health-promoting bioactive compounds important for plant defense and human nutrition. Quercetin (Q) and kaempferol (K) biosynthesis have been studied extensively while little is known about myricetin (M) biosynthesis. The roles of flavonol synthases (FLSs) and flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase (F3'5'H) in M biosynthesis in Morella rubra, a member of the Myricaceae rich in M-based flavonols, were investigated. The level of MrFLS transcripts alone did not correlate well with the accumulation of M-based flavonols. However, combined transcript data for MrFLS1 and MrF3'5'H showed a good correlation with the accumulation of M-based flavonols in different tissues of M. rubra. Recombinant MrFLS1 and MrFLS2 proteins showed strong activity with dihydroquercetin (DHQ), dihydrokaempferol (DHK), and dihydromyricetin (DHM) as substrates, while recombinant MrF3'5'H protein preferred converting K to M, amongst a range of substrates. Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) overexpressing 35S::MrFLSs produced elevated levels of K-based and Q-based flavonols without affecting M-based flavonol levels, while tobacco overexpressing 35S::MrF3'5'H accumulated significantly higher levels of M-based flavonols. We conclude that M accumulation in M. rubra is affected by gene expression and enzyme specificity of FLS and F3'5'H as well as substrate availability. In the metabolic grid of flavonol biosynthesis, the strong activity of MrF3'5'H with K as substrate additionally promotes metabolic flux towards M in M. rubra.

  • development and characterization of 109 polymorphic est ssrs derived from the chinese bayberry myrica rubra Myricaceae transcriptome
    American Journal of Botany, 2012
    Co-Authors: Shaoyang Zhang, Donald Grierson, Chao Feng, Changqing Zhu, Kunsong Chen
    Abstract:

    UNLABELLED PREMISE OF THE STUDY In Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra), the available simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are insufficient to meet the developing demand for genetic and molecular breeding research. This study was aimed at developing a large number of polymorphic expressed sequence tag (EST)-SSRs from the transcriptome of Chinese bayberry. • METHODS AND RESULTS Five hundred ninety-four compound EST-SSRs and 5557 noncompound ones were identified from 41239 unigene sequences generated from the transcriptome of M. rubra cv. Biqi. Using 10 Chinese bayberry cultivars, 109 polymorphic EST-SSRs were screened from 412 selected. In total, they generated 389 alleles, with a polymorphism ratio of 93.8%. In addition, it was observed that the polymorphism levels of compound EST-SSRs were somewhat lower than those of noncompound ones. • CONCLUSIONS The 109 polymorphic EST-SSRs developed from the Chinese bayberry transcriptome should greatly promote the development of genetic and molecular breeding studies in this as well as other Myricaceae species.

Hugh D. Wilson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

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