The Experts below are selected from a list of 201 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Govinda S Visvesvara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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successful treatment of an adolescent with Naegleria fowleri primary amebic meningoencephalitis
Pediatrics, 2015Co-Authors: Matthew W Linam, Govinda S Visvesvara, Jennifer R Cope, Mubbasheer Ahmed, Alexandre J Da Silva, Yvonne Qvarnstrom, Jerril GreenAbstract:Naegleria fowleri is a thermophilic, free-living ameba that causes primary amebic meningoencephalitis. The infections are nearly always fatal. We present the third well-documented survivor of this infection in North America. The patient’s survival most likely resulted from a variety of factors: early identification and treatment, use of a combination of antimicrobial agents (including miltefosine), and management of elevated intracranial pressure based on the principles of traumatic brain injury.
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primary amebic meningoencephalitis caused by Naegleria fowleri karachi pakistan
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2011Co-Authors: Sadia Shakoor, Govinda S Visvesvara, Syed Faisal Mahmood, Rebecca Bandea, Rama Sriram, Fatima Noman, Afia ZafarAbstract:We report 13 cases of Naegleria fowleri primary amebic meningoencephalitis in persons in Karachi, Pakistan, who had no history of aquatic activities. Infection likely occurred through ablution with tap water. An increase in primary amebic meningoencephalitis cases may be attributed to rising temperatures, reduced levels of chlorine in potable water, or deteriorating water distribution systems. P rimary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a fatal disease caused by the thermotolerant free-living ameba Naegleria fowleri. Found worldwide in moist soil and freshwater, these amebae proliferate during summer when ambient temperature increases. The organism enters the nasal cavity when water contaminated with amebae is aspirated. Subsequently, it invades the central nervous system through the olfactory neuroepithelium and causes a fatal infection that clinically resembles acute bacterial meningitis. We report 13 cases of N. fowleri PAM in a period of 17 months in the coastal city of Karachi, Pakistan. The Study
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Naegleria fowleri associated encephalitis in a cow from costa rica
Veterinary Parasitology, 2006Co-Authors: Juan A Morales, Govinda S Visvesvara, Aida J Chaves, J P DubeyAbstract:Abstract Species of Naegleria, Acanthamoeba, and Balamuthia are soil amoebae that can cause encephalitis in animals and humans. Of these, Naegleria fowleri is the cause of often fatal primary meningoencephalitis in humans. N. fowleri-associated encephalitis was diagnosed in a cow that was suspected to have rabies. Only formalin-fixed brain was available for diagnosis. There was severe meningoencephalitis involving all parts of the brain and numerous amoebic trophozoites were present in lesions. The amoebae reacted with N. fowleri-specific polyclonal antibodies in an indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. This is the first report of amoebic encephalitis in any host from Costa Rica.
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seasonal meningoencephalitis in holstein cattle caused by Naegleria fowleri
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 2005Co-Authors: B M Daft, Francisco A. Uzal, Govinda S Visvesvara, Deryck H Read, Hailu Kinde, Michael D ManzerAbstract:Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis is a fulminant infection of the human central nervous system caused by Naegleria fowleri, a free-living amoeba that thrives in artificially or naturally heated water. The infection usually is acquired while bathing or swimming in such waters. The portal of entry is the olfactory neuroepithelium. This report describes fatal meningoencephalitis caused by N. fowleri in Holstein cattle that consumed untreated surface water in an area of California where summer temperatures at times exceed 428C. In the summers of 1998 and 1999, severe multifocal necrosuppurative hemorrhagic meningoencephalitis was observed in brain samples from nine 10-20-month-old heifers with clinical histories of acute central nervous system disease. Olfactory lobes and cerebella were most severely affected. Lesions were also evident in peri- ventricular and submeningeal neuropil as well as olfactory nerves. Naegleria fowleri was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in brain and olfactory nerve lesions and was isolated from one brain. Even though cultures of drinking water did not yield N. fowleri, drinking water was the likely source of the amoeba. The disease in cattle closely resembles primary amoebic meningoencephalitis in humans. Naegleria meningoen- cephalitis should be included among differential diagnoses of central nervous system disease in cattle during the summer season in areas with high ambient temperatures.
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isolation and molecular typing of Naegleria fowleri from the brain of a cow that died of primary amebic meningoencephalitis
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2005Co-Authors: Govinda S Visvesvara, Rama Sriram, Johan F. De Jonckheere, B M DaftAbstract:Naegleria fowleri causes an acute and rapidly fatal central nervous system infection called primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) in healthy children and young adults. We describe here the identification of N. fowleri isolated from the brain of one of several cows that died of PAM based on sequencing of the internal transcribed spacers, including the 5.8S rRNA genes.
Afia Zafar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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case series of Naegleria fowleri primary ameobic meningoencephalitis from karachi pakistan
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2017Co-Authors: Zeeshan Ansar, Bushra Jamil, Azra Samreen, E Khan, Zahra Hasan, Najia Karim Ghanchi, Afia ZafarAbstract:Abstract. Naegleria fowleri causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) which is almost always fatal. Naegleria fowleri is waterborne, and its infections are usually associated with aquatic activities but it can also be transmitted via the domestic water supply. An increasing number of N. fowleri cases have been reported from Pakistan. Improved methods for diagnosis are required. We report the utility of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the diagnosis of N. fowleri in patients suspected of PAM. One hundred and sixteen cases suspected of having PAM were examined. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens were tested at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. Nineteen CSF specimens were positive for N. fowleri using PCR. Naegleria fowleri positive patients had a median age of 28 years and were 84% male and 16% female. Overall, CSF wet preparation microscopy was performed in 85 (73%) cases and identified that seven specimens were positive for motile trophozoites. The CSF wet preparation results were available for 15 of the 19 N. fowleri PCR positive CSF samples; seven (40%) wet preparations were positive. Our data highlight the threat of N. fowleri infection as a cause of PAM. It also emphasizes the utility of the PCR-based diagnosis of the amoeba for early diagnosis and management of the disease.
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primary amebic meningoencephalitis caused by Naegleria fowleri karachi pakistan
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2011Co-Authors: Sadia Shakoor, Govinda S Visvesvara, Syed Faisal Mahmood, Rebecca Bandea, Rama Sriram, Fatima Noman, Afia ZafarAbstract:We report 13 cases of Naegleria fowleri primary amebic meningoencephalitis in persons in Karachi, Pakistan, who had no history of aquatic activities. Infection likely occurred through ablution with tap water. An increase in primary amebic meningoencephalitis cases may be attributed to rising temperatures, reduced levels of chlorine in potable water, or deteriorating water distribution systems. P rimary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a fatal disease caused by the thermotolerant free-living ameba Naegleria fowleri. Found worldwide in moist soil and freshwater, these amebae proliferate during summer when ambient temperature increases. The organism enters the nasal cavity when water contaminated with amebae is aspirated. Subsequently, it invades the central nervous system through the olfactory neuroepithelium and causes a fatal infection that clinically resembles acute bacterial meningitis. We report 13 cases of N. fowleri PAM in a period of 17 months in the coastal city of Karachi, Pakistan. The Study
Syed Faisal Mahmood - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparison of the clinical presentations of Naegleria fowleri primary amoebic meningoencephalitis with pneumococcal meningitis: a case–control study
Infection, 2016Co-Authors: Mohammad Faizan Zahid, Muhammad Hamza Saad Shaukat, Bilal Ahmed, Muhammad Masood Kadir, Syed Faisal MahmoodAbstract:Background Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare but fatal infection caused by Naegleria fowleri. The infection is acquired by deep nasal irrigation with infected water. Patients present with signs and symptoms similar to pneumococcal meningitis, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment and hence high mortality.
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comparison of the clinical presentations of Naegleria fowleri primary amoebic meningoencephalitis with pneumococcal meningitis a case control study
Infection, 2016Co-Authors: Mohammad Faizan Zahid, Muhammad Hamza Saad Shaukat, Bilal Ahmed, Muhammad Masood Kadir, Syed Faisal MahmoodAbstract:Background Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare but fatal infection caused by Naegleria fowleri. The infection is acquired by deep nasal irrigation with infected water. Patients present with signs and symptoms similar to pneumococcal meningitis, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment and hence high mortality.
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primary amebic meningoencephalitis caused by Naegleria fowleri karachi pakistan
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2011Co-Authors: Sadia Shakoor, Govinda S Visvesvara, Syed Faisal Mahmood, Rebecca Bandea, Rama Sriram, Fatima Noman, Afia ZafarAbstract:We report 13 cases of Naegleria fowleri primary amebic meningoencephalitis in persons in Karachi, Pakistan, who had no history of aquatic activities. Infection likely occurred through ablution with tap water. An increase in primary amebic meningoencephalitis cases may be attributed to rising temperatures, reduced levels of chlorine in potable water, or deteriorating water distribution systems. P rimary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a fatal disease caused by the thermotolerant free-living ameba Naegleria fowleri. Found worldwide in moist soil and freshwater, these amebae proliferate during summer when ambient temperature increases. The organism enters the nasal cavity when water contaminated with amebae is aspirated. Subsequently, it invades the central nervous system through the olfactory neuroepithelium and causes a fatal infection that clinically resembles acute bacterial meningitis. We report 13 cases of N. fowleri PAM in a period of 17 months in the coastal city of Karachi, Pakistan. The Study
Hossain M S Sazzad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a case of primary amebic meningoencephalitis caused by Naegleria fowleri in bangladesh
Parasitology Research, 2020Co-Authors: Hossain M S Sazzad, Stephen P Luby, James J Sejvar, Mahmudur Rahman, Emily S Gurley, Vincent R Hill, Jennifer L MurphyAbstract:We present the first recognized case of primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) caused by Naegleria fowleri in a 15-year-old male from Bangladesh. He performed daily nasal rinsing with untreated ground water and bathed in untreated ground water or river water, which likely exposed him to N. fowleri.
Rama Sriram - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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primary amebic meningoencephalitis caused by Naegleria fowleri karachi pakistan
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2011Co-Authors: Sadia Shakoor, Govinda S Visvesvara, Syed Faisal Mahmood, Rebecca Bandea, Rama Sriram, Fatima Noman, Afia ZafarAbstract:We report 13 cases of Naegleria fowleri primary amebic meningoencephalitis in persons in Karachi, Pakistan, who had no history of aquatic activities. Infection likely occurred through ablution with tap water. An increase in primary amebic meningoencephalitis cases may be attributed to rising temperatures, reduced levels of chlorine in potable water, or deteriorating water distribution systems. P rimary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a fatal disease caused by the thermotolerant free-living ameba Naegleria fowleri. Found worldwide in moist soil and freshwater, these amebae proliferate during summer when ambient temperature increases. The organism enters the nasal cavity when water contaminated with amebae is aspirated. Subsequently, it invades the central nervous system through the olfactory neuroepithelium and causes a fatal infection that clinically resembles acute bacterial meningitis. We report 13 cases of N. fowleri PAM in a period of 17 months in the coastal city of Karachi, Pakistan. The Study
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isolation and molecular typing of Naegleria fowleri from the brain of a cow that died of primary amebic meningoencephalitis
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2005Co-Authors: Govinda S Visvesvara, Rama Sriram, Johan F. De Jonckheere, B M DaftAbstract:Naegleria fowleri causes an acute and rapidly fatal central nervous system infection called primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) in healthy children and young adults. We describe here the identification of N. fowleri isolated from the brain of one of several cows that died of PAM based on sequencing of the internal transcribed spacers, including the 5.8S rRNA genes.