The Experts below are selected from a list of 58842 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Edward Miguel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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tribe or Nation Nation Building and public goods in kenya versus tanzania
World Politics, 2004Co-Authors: Edward MiguelAbstract:This article examines how government policies affect ethnic relations by comparing outcomes across two nearby districts, one in Kenya and one in Tanzania, using colonial-era boundary placement as a "natural experiment." Despite similar geography and historical legacies, governments in Kenya and Tanzania have followed radically different language, education, and local institutional policies, with Tanzania consistently pursuing more serious Nation Building. The evidence suggests that Nation Building has allowed diverse communities in rural Tanzania to achieve considerably better local public goods outcomes than diverse communities in Kenya. To illustrate, while Kenyan communities at mean levels of diversity have 25 percent less local school funding than homogeneous communities on average, the comparable figure in the Tanzanian district is near zero. The Kenya-Tanzania comparison provides empirical evidence that serious reforms can ameliorate social divisions and suggests that Nation-Building should take a place on policy agendas, especially in Africa.
Rico Isaacs - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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nomads warriors and bureaucrats Nation Building and film in post soviet kazakhstan
Nationalities Papers, 2015Co-Authors: Rico IsaacsAbstract:Nation-Building is a process which is often contested, not just among different ethnicities within a Nation-state, but also among the titular ethnic majority. This article explores the contested nature of the Nation-Building process in post-Soviet Kazakhstan through examining cinematic works. Utilizing a post-modern perspective which views Nations and National identity as invented, imagined and ambivalent it identifies four discursive strands within recent post-Soviet Kazakh cinema pertaining to Nationhood and National identity (ethno-centric, civic, religious and socio-economic). Rather than viewing government-sponsored efforts of identity formation in cinema as a top-down process in which the regime transmits its version of Nationhood and identity, the discursive strands revealed in this article illustrate there are varying understandings of what constitutes the Nation and National identity in Kazakh cinematic works. Furthermore, the strand which focuses on the socio-economic tensions of modern Nation-b...
Taras Kuzio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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history memory and Nation Building in the post soviet colonial space
Nationalities Papers, 2002Co-Authors: Taras KuzioAbstract:The disintegration of the Soviet Union in December 1991 led to the de-colonization of the world’s last remaining empire. Taking this into account, this article seeks to argue two points. Firstly, many of the imperial policies imposed by the imperial core in the Soviet empire were similar in nature to those imposed by imperial powers in Ireland, Africa, and Asia. Secondly, the Nation and state Building policies of the postSoviet colonial states are therefore similar to those adopted in many other postcolonial states because they also seek to remove some—or all—of the inherited colonial legacies. A central aspect of overcoming this legacy is re-claiming the past from the framework imposed by the former imperial core and thereby creating, or reviving, a National historiography that helps to consolidate the new National state. All states, including those traditionally defined as lying in the “civic West,” have in the past—and continue to—use National historiography, myths, and legends as a component of their National identities. This article is divided into three parts. The first section discusses the Soviet imperial legacy and Soviet Nationality policies as they were applied in historiography. The second section places this discussion within the theoretical literature of Nationalism and historical myths, surveys the inherited legacies of Soviet colonial policies and discusses how post-colonial Soviet successor states are re-claiming their National historiography. The third section surveys the manner in which four of these post-Soviet colonial states—Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova and Kazakhstan—have dealt with the colonial legacy. In three cases they are reviving National historiography as one of the spheres of their state and Nation Building projects while in a fourth (Belarus) Russian/Soviet historiography is being maintained to buttress a pan-eastern Slavic ideology. In Moldova the comm unist victory in parliamentary elections in 2001 and election of communist leader Vladimir Voronin has led to the re
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Nationalising states or Nation Building a critical review of the theoretical literature and empirical evidence
Nations and Nationalism, 2001Co-Authors: Taras KuzioAbstract:This article critically surveys the concept of Nationalising states first coined by Rogers Brubaker when referring to the policies implemented by post- communist states. The concept of Nationalising states is placed within the context of the traditional literature on Nationalism, which divides Europe into a 'civic West' and an 'ethnic East'. The article discusses the concept of Nationalising states and questions if it is really any different to Nation Building which took place from the late eighteenth century onwards in the 'civic West'. Polyethnic rights are ignored on both sides of the classic 'West:East' divide. All civic states are composed of both civic and ethnic factors and the proportional relationship between them depends upon how much progress there has been in democratisation. The article concludes by arguing that the concept of Nationalising states has little theoretical value unless it is equated with Nation Building and no longer selectively applied to only former communist countries. The traditional division of Europe into a 'civic West' versus an 'ethnic East' requires revision in the light of recent developments in Central and Eastern Europe. Many of the scholars working on post-communist Europe have whole- heartedly taken on board Brubaker's definition of them as 'Nationalising states'. This article seeks to test this definition by asking two questions. First, can post-communist European states be defined as 'Nationalising states'? Secondly, how different are these 'Nationalising' policies in post-communist Europe to Nation-Building policies undertaken at earlier periods of history and currently in the established liberal democracies of the 'West'. The article is divided into three sections. The first section reviews the theoretical literature on 'Nationalising states' and critically surveys its appli- cation to post-communist Europe. The second surveys the theoretical and empirical literature on Nation-Building in established Western liberal * A shorter and different version of this article was presented as a paper at the annual convention of the Association for the Study of Nationalities, Columbia University, New York, 15-18 April
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ukraine state and Nation Building
1998Co-Authors: Taras KuzioAbstract:Ukraine: State and Nation Building explores the transformation of Soviet Ukraine into an independent state and examines the new elites and their role in the state Building process, as well as other attributes of the modern Nation-state such as borders, symbols, myths and National histories. Extensive primary sources and interviews with leading members of Ukranian elites, show that state Building is an integral part of the transition process and cannot be divorced from democratization and the establishment of a market economy.
Enric Martinezherrera - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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from Nation Building to Building identification with political communities consequences of political decentralisation in spain the basque country catalonia and galicia 1978 2001
European Journal of Political Research, 2002Co-Authors: Enric MartinezherreraAbstract:Abstract. Many multiethnic polities suffer from a deficit of citizens' support for their political communities. Hence, their governments may think of political decentralisation as a solution. This article analyses the effects of that policy on citizens’ identification with their political communities in Spain: on identification with the Basque Country, Catalonia or Galicia (its most conspicuous ‘Nationalities’) once they have become ‘autonomous communities’, and on identification with the overall Spanish political community. To study the processes of transformation of such attitudes, Nation-Building theories are interpreted from the political socialisation approach and applied to the autonomous institutions. It is also suggested that the state strictu senso, by contrast, may be developing an alternative method of forging identification with its own political community. Survey time-series evidence shows that although those autonomous communities are engaged successfully in a local but standard Nation-Building, the whole political system may be fostering its own diffuse support by recognising and institutionalising cultural diversity and self-government.
Mari Toivanen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the politics of genocide recognition kurdish Nation Building and commemoration in the post saddam era
Journal of Genocide Research, 2017Co-Authors: Bahar Baser, Mari ToivanenAbstract:ABSTRACTThis article explores genocide recognition politics (GRP) with a specific focus on Saddam Hussein’s Anfal campaign (1988) against the Kurdish population in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). In the context of a pending referendum on independence in the KRI, this study investigates the evolution of GRP in relation to secession, Nation-Building and commemoration as well as the social, political and economic drivers in the process. In addition, the study zeroes in on the interNationalization of genocide recognition claims via diaspora lobbying and the Kurdish Regional Government in Iraq (KRG)’s bureaux of representation in Europe. The results are based on extensive fieldwork conducted with KRG representatives, diaspora entrepreneurs and other stakeholders between 2012 and 2016 in Europe and Iraqi Kurdistan. The KRG’s genocide recognition claims are not explicitly associated with secession, but instead are employed to legitimize local rule by referencing collective trauma and shared victimhood. In th...
