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Jeanthomas Bernard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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la tarification de l electricite un sujet neglige lors des debats sur la Nationalisation en 1962 electricity pricing was not part of the debate leading to electricity nationalization by the quebec government in 1962
Social Science Research Network, 2014Co-Authors: Jeanthomas BernardAbstract:French abstract: Apres les debats enflammes des annees trente, la tarification de l’electricite a occupe peu de place dans ceux portant sur la Nationalisation de l’electricite en 1962. La raison principale de cette absence est que le cadre reglementaire elabore lors de la creation de la Commission hydroelectrique de Quebec en 1944 fut adopte sans modification significative lors de cette deuxieme Nationalisation. Le principe de la tarification de l’electricite selon le cout moyen ne fut pas remis en question. Outre le rapatriement de l’impot sur le revenu des corporations paye au gouvernement federal, deux objectifs explicitement poursuivis lors de la Nationalisation en 1962 ont laisse une influence durable sur la tarification de l’electricite, a savoir, l’uniformisation des tarifs pour l’ensemble du territoire et l’usage des tarifs pour fins de promotion industrielle. Apres 1963, le gouvernement a impose des nouvelles charges fiscales a Hydro-Quebec sans remettre en cause la tarification selon le cout moyen.English abstract: Following the intense debate on electricity pricing in the province of Quebec in the thirties, it is surprising to observe that this topic was not part of the discussion leading to the takeover of this sector by the Quebec government in 1962. The main reason was that this question was settled in the partial nationalization of electricity on the Montreal Island in 1944. Average cost pricing was then accepted as the basic principle to determine electricity rates. Two lasting features were added: electricity price uniformity over the whole service area and the use of electricity price as a policy instrument to support industrial development in specific areas. Once the takeover was completed in 1963, the government introduced various new taxes to be paid by its state owned electric utility; however average cost pricing stayed the basic principle to determine electricity rates.
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la tarification de l electricite un sujet neglige lors des debats sur la Nationalisation en 1962
Research Papers in Economics, 2014Co-Authors: Jeanthomas BernardAbstract:Apres les debats enflammes des annees trente, la tarification de l’electricite a occupe peu de place dans ceux portant sur la Nationalisation de l’electricite en 1962. La raison principale de cette absence est que le cadre reglementaire elabore lors de la creation de la Commission hydroelectrique de Quebec en 1944 fut adopte sans modification significative lors de cette deuxieme Nationalisation. Le principe de la tarification de l’electricite selon le cout moyen ne fut pas remis en question. Outre le rapatriement de l’impot sur le revenu des corporations paye au gouvernement federal, deux objectifs explicitement poursuivis lors de la Nationalisation en 1962 ont laisse une influence durable sur la tarification de l’electricite, a savoir, l’uniformisation des tarifs pour l’ensemble du territoire et l’usage des tarifs pour fins de promotion industrielle. Apres 1963, le gouvernement a impose des nouvelles charges fiscales a Hydro-Quebec sans remettre en cause la tarification selon le cout moyen.
Daniel Bochsler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an ever closer union the Nationalisation of political parties in switzerland 1991 2015
Swiss Political Science Review, 2016Co-Authors: Daniel Bochsler, Sean Mueller, Julian BernauerAbstract:The contribution of this research note is a systematic description of levels of party Nationalisation in Switzerland, using results from the elections to the Swiss National Council between 1991 and 2015. Party Nationalisation is understood as the territorial homogeneity of a party's electoral performance and measured using the inverted and standardised Gini index. Our results indicate a trend towards more Nationalisation in the Swiss party system over the time period covered, and distinct patterns for single parties. The SVP and the GLP have made big leaps towards stronger Nationalisation, with the former closing in on the levels of the SP and the FDP, while the CVP remains a weakly nationalised party, considering its size.
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An Ever Closer Union? The Nationalisation of Political Parties in Switzerland, 1991–2015
Swiss Political Science Review, 2016Co-Authors: Daniel Bochsler, Sean Mueller, Julian BernauerAbstract:The contribution of this research note is a systematic description of levels of party Nationalisation in Switzerland, using results from the elections to the Swiss National Council between 1991 and 2015. Party Nationalisation is understood as the territorial homogeneity of a party's electoral performance and measured using the inverted and standardised Gini index. Our results indicate a trend towards more Nationalisation in the Swiss party system over the time period covered, and distinct patterns for single parties. The SVP and the GLP have made big leaps towards stronger Nationalisation, with the former closing in on the levels of the SP and the FDP, while the CVP remains a weakly nationalised party, considering its size.
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the Nationalisation of post communist party systems
Europe-Asia Studies, 2010Co-Authors: Daniel BochslerAbstract:Abstract Party Nationalisation, defined as the homogeneity of party strength across a country, has recently become a major issue in research. Even though territory is a salient political question in the post-communist countries in Europe, party Nationalisation in these countries has been neglected by the literature so far. This article presents data on party Nationalisation for 20 countries over the period 1990–2007. It shows that the Nationalisation of party systems in post-communist democracies is closely related to the territorial structure of social divisions, except for cases where the electoral systems provide for a high degree of Nationalisation, or where super-presidentialism inhibits the creation of strong nationalised parties.
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Explaining the Nationalisation of Party Systems in Central and Eastern Europe
Territory and Electoral Rules in Post-Communist Democracies, 2010Co-Authors: Daniel BochslerAbstract:In the previous chapter, I have shown how party Nationalisation might be measured. Later, in Chapter 6, party Nationalisation will be used as an independent variable to explain why electoral systems in Central and Eastern Europe in some cases have led to different outcomes from those we would expect when using the common models. However, before employing party Nationalisation in order to explain electoral system effects, the phenomenon itself will be explained. Two explanatory approaches for party Nationalisation will be addressed and tested. Two recent books discuss these concepts as possible determinants of party Nationalisation. The first, by Chhibber and Kollman (2004), investigates the phenomenon in four countries with single-seat electoral districts, namely Canada, India, the UK, and the USA. Using cross-country and time-series analyses, they come to the conclusion that party Nationalisation is linked to the power distribution in states. If economic and political power lies with the central government, parties will be nationalised; if regional governments are strong, however, parties are less nationalised. This view has dominated most of the studies of party Nationalisation. The second book, by Caramani, describes a process of ‘territorial homogenization of electoral behaviour, both electoral participation and the support for the main party families’ (Caramani, 2004, p. 1) over the past two centuries in Western European politics.
Cameron Ross - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the dynamic Nationalisation of voting for united russia the stability instability of regional deviations from national results
East European Politics, 2018Co-Authors: Petr Panov, Cameron RossAbstract:ABSTRACTBased on the results of Duma and Presidential elections over the period 2003–2016, this article examines cross-regional variation in static and dynamic Nationalisation of voting for United Russia (UR). The main finding is that in an overwhelming majority of Russian regions, a high level of static Nationalisation is accompanied by a high level of dynamic Nationalisation. In most of the regions, voting for UR rises or falls in a consistent manner across the elections. Cross-regional variations in both static and dynamic Nationalisation of UR’s support are mostly explained by the degree of authoritarianism in Russian regions.
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The Dynamic Nationalisation of Voting for United Russia: the Stability / Instability of Regional Deviations from National Results
East European Politics, 2017Co-Authors: Petr Panov, Cameron RossAbstract:ABSTRACTBased on the results of Duma and Presidential elections over the period 2003–2016, this article examines cross-regional variation in static and dynamic Nationalisation of voting for United Russia (UR). The main finding is that in an overwhelming majority of Russian regions, a high level of static Nationalisation is accompanied by a high level of dynamic Nationalisation. In most of the regions, voting for UR rises or falls in a consistent manner across the elections. Cross-regional variations in both static and dynamic Nationalisation of UR’s support are mostly explained by the degree of authoritarianism in Russian regions.
Julian Bernauer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an ever closer union the Nationalisation of political parties in switzerland 1991 2015
Swiss Political Science Review, 2016Co-Authors: Daniel Bochsler, Sean Mueller, Julian BernauerAbstract:The contribution of this research note is a systematic description of levels of party Nationalisation in Switzerland, using results from the elections to the Swiss National Council between 1991 and 2015. Party Nationalisation is understood as the territorial homogeneity of a party's electoral performance and measured using the inverted and standardised Gini index. Our results indicate a trend towards more Nationalisation in the Swiss party system over the time period covered, and distinct patterns for single parties. The SVP and the GLP have made big leaps towards stronger Nationalisation, with the former closing in on the levels of the SP and the FDP, while the CVP remains a weakly nationalised party, considering its size.
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An Ever Closer Union? The Nationalisation of Political Parties in Switzerland, 1991–2015
Swiss Political Science Review, 2016Co-Authors: Daniel Bochsler, Sean Mueller, Julian BernauerAbstract:The contribution of this research note is a systematic description of levels of party Nationalisation in Switzerland, using results from the elections to the Swiss National Council between 1991 and 2015. Party Nationalisation is understood as the territorial homogeneity of a party's electoral performance and measured using the inverted and standardised Gini index. Our results indicate a trend towards more Nationalisation in the Swiss party system over the time period covered, and distinct patterns for single parties. The SVP and the GLP have made big leaps towards stronger Nationalisation, with the former closing in on the levels of the SP and the FDP, while the CVP remains a weakly nationalised party, considering its size.
Ignacio Jurado - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Economic crises and the Nationalisation of politics
European Journal of Political Research, 2017Co-Authors: Ignacio Jurado, Sandra LeónAbstract:The literature on party system Nationalisation has yet to provide a better understanding of the impact of short-term factors upon the Nationalisation of politics. This article helps to fill this literature gap by analysing the effect of economic conditions on party system Nationalisation. The argument is that economic crises will decrease levels of Nationalisation by amplifying territorial variation in preferences for redistribution, limiting political parties’ capacity to coordinate divergent interests across districts and triggering the emergence of new political forces. Data on 47 countries for the 1960–2011 period confirm this hypothesis and show that lower economic growth during the years prior to the election is associated with a decrease in levels of party system Nationalisation in the next election. The result is robust to variation in the specification of the econometric model and to the use of different measures of Nationalisation. Results also show that federal institutions increase the impact of economic conditions on the Nationalisation of politics, whereas any moderating effect of electoral system proportionality on the economy is not found.
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Party system Nationalisation and social spending
European Journal of Political Research, 2013Co-Authors: Ignacio JuradoAbstract:Party systems diverge in their levels of Nationalisation. While in some countries parties obtain similar levels of electoral support in all districts, in others parties get very asymmetric electoral shares across districts. The distributive consequences of this have been seldom studied. The argument tested here is that when political parties have nationalised electorates they have stronger incentives to provide social policies that spread benefits all over the territory. This argument is tested in 22 OECD democracies for the period 1980-2006. The results show that, regardless of the electoral system in place, there is a positive relation between party system Nationalisation and social spending.
