The Experts below are selected from a list of 62538 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jef Huysmans - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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know your schmitt a godfather of truth and the spectre of Nazism
Review of International Studies, 1999Co-Authors: Jef HuysmansAbstract:In a recent article in the Review of International Studies Hans-Karl Pichler argues that Hans Morgenthau's intellectual universe was saturated by 'typically European philosophical problems' which he transferred to an American political context. He shows this by looking at how Morgenthau tried to overcome the value determinacy of social science, as pointed out by Weber, by grounding his political realist theory in a Schmittean understanding of the political, which defines war–the friend/enemy distinction–as the essence of the political and founds it anthropologically in the evil, dangerous nature of human beings.2 I have a problem with the article because Schmitt emerges as just a serious political theorist, which he indeed was. But he was also more than an important political theorist. He was a member of the Nazi party between 1933 and 1936 explicitly providing legal justifications for the Nazi regime and its policies, thus becoming for some the Kronjurist of the Nazis. In that period also anti-Semitic references started appearing in his work. Since then his name and work have carried the spectre of Nazism and by implication of the Holocaust with them. This spectre is nowhere sensed in Pichler's analysis. It does not seem to have any grip on Pichler's narrative. I think this is unfortunate because I believe this spectre should always haunt any invoking of Schmitt or Schmittean understandings of the political. The reason is not to silence discussions about his understanding of the political, but rather to render normative questions about the ethico-political project his concept of the political incorporates as the kernel of any working with or on Schmitt's ideas.
Ian Kershaw - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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hitler and the uniqueness of Nazism
Journal of Contemporary History, 2004Co-Authors: Ian KershawAbstract:Though Nazism can be located as a form of fascism or type of totalitarianism, these generic concepts inadequately account for what was singular about a regime which unleashed such devastating inhum...
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stalinism and Nazism dictatorships in comparison
Foreign Affairs, 1997Co-Authors: Ian Kershaw, Moshe LewinAbstract:Preface Introduction: the regimes and their dictators: perspectives of comparison Part I. The Two Dictatorships: 1. Stalin and his Stalinism: power and authority in the Soviet Union 1930-1953 Ronal Suny 2. Bureaucracy and the Stalinist state Moshe Lewin 3. Cumulative radicalisation and progressive self-destruction: structural determinants of the Nazi dictatorship Hans Mommsen 4. 'Working towards the Fuhrer': reflections on the nature of the Hitler dictatorship Ian Kershaw 5. The contradictions of continuous revolution Michael Mann Part II. The War Machines: 6. The economics of war in the Soviet Union during World War II Jacques Sapir 7. Stalin, the Red Army, and the great patriotic war Bern Bonwetsch 8. From Blitzkrieg to total war: controversial links between image and reality Omer Bartov Part III. The Big Debates: 9. Work, gender and everyday life: reflections on continuity, normality and agency in twentieth century Germany Mary Nolan 10. From 'Great Fatherland War' to the Second World War: new perspectives and future prospects Mark von Hagen 11. German exceptionalism and the origins of Nazism in the career of a concept George Steinmetz 12. Stalinism and the politics of post-Soviet history Mark von Hagen Conclusion.
Neil Mclaughlin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nazism nationalism and the sociology of emotions escape from freedom revisited
Sociological Theory, 1996Co-Authors: Neil MclaughlinAbstract:The recent worldwide resurgence of militant nationalism, fundamentalist intolerance, and right-wing authoritarianism has again put the issues of violence and xenophobia at the center of social science research and theory. German psychoanalyst and sociologist Erich Fromm's work provides a useful theoretical microfoundation for contemporary work on nationalism, the politics of identity, and the roots of war and violence. Fromm's analysis of Nazism in «Escape from Freedom» (1941), in particular, outlines a compelling theory of irrationality, and his later writings on nationalism provide an existential psychoanalysis that can be useful for contemporary social theory and sociology of emotions. «Escape from Freedom» synthesizes Marxist, Freudian, Weberian, and existentialist insights to offer an original theoretical explanation of Nazism that combines both macrostructural and micropsychological levels of analysis. After forty-five years of research into the social origins of fascism and with recent theorizing in the sociology of nationalism and emotions, «Escape from Freedom», its analysis of Nazism, and Fromm's larger theoretical perspective are worth reconsidering
Mike Hawkins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Social Darwinism in European and American thought, 1860–1945: Nazism, Fascism and Social Darwinism
Social Darwinism in European and American Thought 1860–1945, 1997Co-Authors: Mike HawkinsAbstract:Introduction There is an enormous scholarly literature on Nazism and Fascism, one that is marked by controversy over how the two movements are to be defined, over their origins, sources of support, ideologies and significance. The genocidal policies of the Nazi regime in Germany from 1933 to 1945, culminating in the Holocaust against the Jews, raise additional issues concerning the causes of such actions and the roots of anti-Semitic and racial thinking and policies in German, and more generally, European, culture and history. It has also inclined some commentators to question the extent to which Fascism and Nazism can be considered as members of the same ideological and political family, and to suggest that the latter may be a distinctive and unique phenomenon. One point on which scholars do seem to have reached a consensus relates to the role of Social Darwinism in both Nazi and Fascist ideology. Social Darwinist ideas are cited as underpinning Nazi policies on war, eugenics and race, and providing a rationale for the emphasis on struggle and conflict found in Italian and French Fascism. Yet there is to date no detailed analysis of the nature and function of Social Darwinism within Nazism and Fascism, or of whether the two ideologies exhibited any significant differences in these respects. The purpose of this chapter is to make a start at filling this lacuna by conducting such an investigation. For the sake of convenience I will deal with German Nazism and Italian Fascism separately, and then conclude by making some general comparative observations.
Samuel Koehne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nazism, political religion and 'ordinary' Germans
Ágora, 2014Co-Authors: Samuel KoehneAbstract:This paper examines the topic of Nazism and religion by taking one of the dominant schools of thought––that Nazism was a ‘political religion’––and dealing directly with an issue that is often encountered when teaching the history of the Nazi Party. A common question raised by students is this: what could be known about the Nazis when they came to power? While formulated in different ways and sometimes with a different chronological focus the core of this question is one of historicism. It may be abundantly clear to us now what the Nazis stood for, how racist and antisemitic they were, but what could be known by people then, and how did they view the Nazis? Given my sense that many teachers encounter this questions I believe it may be a useful prism through which to view Nazism and religion. The paper does so through using a case-study of the 'Temple Society' (Tempelgesellschaft), examining how members of this Christian community understood Nazism on the cusp of 1933.
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Nazism and religion the problem of positive christianity
Australian Journal of Politics and History, 2014Co-Authors: Samuel KoehneAbstract:Current debates on Nazism and religion are focused around the notion that the Nazis sought to promote a kind of Christian faith called “positive Christianity”. This article challenges such perspectives. It establishes that “positive Christianity” had an existing meaning in German society before the Nazi Party was formed — dogmatic Christian faith — and demonstrates that this was the same interpretation of religious faith that Hitler appeared to advocate in Mein Kampf. By contrast to recent revisionist accounts, the paper argues that “positive Christianity” had such a wide variety of interpretations that it cannot be considered as a cohesive construct.
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New research on Nazism and Christianity
2012Co-Authors: Samuel KoehneAbstract:Notes and presentation on research into the official Nazi views on religion, and a consideration of 'ordinary' Christian response to the rise of the Nazis in Germany.
