The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Zhiyong Lou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a structural view of Negative Sense rna virus nucleocapsid protein and its functions beyond
Sub-cellular biochemistry, 2018Co-Authors: Zhiyong LouAbstract:Negative-Sense single-stranded RNA virus (NSRV) is featured by their ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex composed by viral polymerase and genomic RNA enwrapped by nucleocapsid protein (NP). The RNP is packaged in virions and plays a central role throughout virus lifecycle. In the past decade, structural biology presents molecular insights into NPs encoded by most representative NSRVs, helping to understand the mechanism of RNP formation. Interestingly, works initiated from structural biology also reveal unexpected biological functions of virus NP beyond a structural protein. All these further the knowledge of virus NP and provide great potential for the discovery of antiviral agents to target virus RNP formation. In this chapter, we will summarize the structures and functions of viral NPs, as well as the attempt of NP-targeted antiviral development.
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Structural perspective on the formation of ribonucleoprotein complex in Negative-Sense single-stranded RNA viruses
Trends in microbiology, 2013Co-Authors: Honggang Zhou, Yuna Sun, Yu Guo, Zhiyong LouAbstract:Negative-Sense single-stranded RNA viruses (NSRVs) possess a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex composed of viral polymerase and genomic RNA surrounded by viral nucleoprotein. The RNP facilitates virus replication, transcription, and assembly. To date, a large body of structural work, through crystallography and electron microscopy (EM) analysis, has been performed to aid understanding the molecular mechanism of RNP formation in NSRVs, and provides great potential for the discovery of antiviral agents targeting viral RNP formation.
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bunyamwera virus possesses a distinct nucleocapsid protein to facilitate genome encapsidation
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013Co-Authors: Quan Wang, Yuna Sun, Yu Guo, Cristina Risco, Xijiang Pan, Isabel Fernandez De Castro, Xinwei Tao, Senfang Sui, Zhiyong LouAbstract:Bunyamwera virus (BUNV), which belongs to the genus Orthobunyavirus, is the prototypical virus of the Bunyaviridae family. Similar to other Negative-Sense single-stranded RNA viruses, bunyaviruses possess a nucleocapsid protein (NP) to facilitate genomic RNA encapsidation and virus replication. The structures of two NPs of members of different genera within the Bunyaviridae family have been reported. However, their structures, RNA-binding features, and functions beyond RNA binding significantly differ from one another. Here, we report the crystal structure of the BUNV NP–RNA complex. The polypeptide of the BUNV NP was found to possess a distinct fold among viral NPs. An N-terminal arm and a C-terminal tail were found to interact with neighboring NP protomers to form a tetrameric ring-shaped organization. Each protomer bound a 10-nt RNA molecule, which was acquired from the expression host, in the positively charged crevice between the N and C lobes. Inhomogeneous oligomerization was observed for the recombinant BUNV NP–RNA complex, which was similar to the Rift Valley fever virus NP–RNA complex. This result suggested that the flexibility of one NP protomer with adjacent protomers underlies the BUNV ribonucleoprotein complex (RNP) formation. Electron microscopy revealed that the monomer-sized NP–RNA complex was the building block of the natural BUNV RNP. Combined with previous results indicating that mutagenesis of the interprotomer or protein–RNA interface affects BUNV replication, our structure provides a great potential for understanding the mechanism underlying Negative-Sense single-stranded RNA RNP formation and enables the development of antiviral therapies targeting BUNV RNP formation.
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a versatile building block the structures and functions of Negative Sense single stranded rna virus nucleocapsid proteins
Protein & Cell, 2012Co-Authors: Yuna Sun, Yu Guo, Zhiyong LouAbstract:Nucleocapsid protein (NPs) of Negative-Sense single-stranded RNA (-ssRNA) viruses function in different stages of viral replication, transcription, and maturation. Structural investigations show that -ssRNA viruses that encode NPs preliminarily serve as structural building blocks that encapsidate and protect the viral genomic RNA and mediate the interaction between genomic RNA and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. However, recent structural results have revealed other biological functions of -ssRNA viruses that extend our understanding of the versatile roles of virally encoded NPs.
Ralf G. Dietzgen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Molecular characterization of a novel cytorhabdovirus with a unique genomic organization infecting yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) in Argentina
Archives of Virology, 2020Co-Authors: Nicolás Bejerman, Ralf G. Dietzgen, Raúl Maximiliano Acevedo, Soledad Breuil, Oscar A. Ruiz, Pedro Sansberro, Claudia Nome, Humberto DebatAbstract:The genome of a novel rhabdovirus was detected in yerba mate ( Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.). The newly identified virus, tentatively named "yerba mate virus A" (YmVA), has a genome of 14,961 nucleotides. Notably, eight open reading frames were identified in the antigenomic orientation of the Negative-Sense, single-stranded viral RNA, including two novel accessory genes, in the order 3′-N-P-3-4-M-G-L-8-5′. Sequence comparisons of the encoded proteins as well as phylogenetic analysis suggest that YmVA is a new member of the genus Cytorhabdovirus, family Rhabdoviridae . YmVA's unique genomic organization and phylogenetic relationships indicate that this virus likely represents a distinct evolutionary lineage among the cytorhabdoviruses.
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Molecular characterization of a novel cytorhabdovirus with a unique genomic organization infecting yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) in Argentina
2020Co-Authors: Nicolás Bejerman, Ralf G. Dietzgen, Raúl Maximiliano Acevedo, Soledad Breuil, Oscar A. Ruiz, Pedro Sansberro, Claudia Nome, Humberto DebatAbstract:The genome of a novel rhabdovirus was detected in yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.). The newly identified virus, tentatively named yerba mate virus A (YmVA), has a genome of 14,961 nucleotides. Notably, eight open reading frames were identified in the antigenomic orientation of the Negative-Sense, single-stranded viral RNA, including two novel accessory genes, in the order 39-N-P-3-4-M-G-L-8-59. Sequence identity of the encoded proteins as well as phylogenetic analysis suggest that YmVA is a new member of the genus Cytorhabdovirus, family Rhabdoviridae. YmVA unique genomic organization and phylogenetic relationships indicate that this virus likely represents a distinct evolutionary lineage within the cytorhabdoviruses.
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ictv virus taxonomy profile rhabdoviridae
Journal of General Virology, 2018Co-Authors: Peter J Walker, Robert B. Tesh, Hideki Kondo, Ralf G. Dietzgen, Gael Kurath, Kim R Blasdell, Charles H Calisher, Ben Longdon, David M Stone, Noel TordoAbstract:The family Rhabdoviridae comprises viruses with Negative-Sense (–) single-stranded RNA genomes of 10.8–16.1 kb. Virions are typically enveloped with bullet-shaped or bacilliform morphology but can also be non-enveloped filaments. Rhabdoviruses infect plants and animals including mammals, birds, reptiles and fish, as well as arthropods which serve as single hosts or act as biological vectors for transmission to animals or plants. Rhabdoviruses include important pathogens of humans, livestock, fish and agricultural crops. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the taxonomy of Rhabdoviridae, which is available at www.ictv.global/report/rhabdoviridae.
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the family rhabdoviridae mono and bipartite Negative Sense rna viruses with diverse genome organization and common evolutionary origins
Virus Research, 2017Co-Authors: Ralf G. Dietzgen, Hideki Kondo, Michael M. Goodin, Gael Kurath, Nikos VasilakisAbstract:The family Rhabdoviridae consists of mostly enveloped, bullet-shaped or bacilliform viruses with a Negative-Sense, single-stranded RNA genome that infect vertebrates, invertebrates or plants. This ecological diversity is reflected by the diversity and complexity of their genomes. Five canonical structural protein genes are conserved in all rhabdoviruses, but may be overprinted, overlapped or interspersed with several novel and diverse accessory genes. This review gives an overview of the characteristics and diversity of rhabdoviruses, their taxonomic classification, replication mechanism, properties of classical rhabdoviruses such as rabies virus and rhabdoviruses with complex genomes, rhabdoviruses infecting aquatic species, and plant rhabdoviruses with both mono- and bipartite genomes.
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Dichorhavirus: a proposed new genus for Brevipalpus mite-transmitted, nuclear, bacilliform, bipartite, Negative-strand RNA plant viruses
Archives of Virology, 2014Co-Authors: Ralf G. Dietzgen, Hideki Kondo, Michael M. Goodin, Jens H. Kuhn, Anna N. Clawson, Juliana Freitas-astúa, Elliott W. Kitajima, Thierry Wetzel, Anna E. WhitfieldAbstract:Orchid fleck virus (OFV) is an unassigned Negative-Sense, single-stranded (−)ssRNA plant virus that was previously suggested to be included in the family Rhabdoviridae, order Mononegavirales . Although OFV shares some biological characteristics, including nuclear cytopathological effects, gene order, and sequence similarities, with nucleorhabdoviruses, its taxonomic status is unclear because unlike all mononegaviruses, OFV has a segmented genome and its particles are not enveloped. This article analyses the available biological, physico-chemical, and nucleotide sequence evidence that seems to indicate that OFV and several other Brevipalpus mite-transmitted short bacilliform (−)ssRNA viruses are likely related and may be classified taxonomically in novel species in a new free-floating genus Dichorhavirus .
Satyanarayana Tatineni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Octapartite Negative-Sense RNA genome of High Plains wheat mosaic virus encodes two suppressors of RNA silencing.
Virology, 2018Co-Authors: Adarsh K. Gupta, Gary L Hein, Robert A Graybosch, Satyanarayana TatineniAbstract:Abstract High Plains wheat mosaic virus (HPWMoV, genus Emaravirus; family Fimoviridae), transmitted by the wheat curl mite (Aceria tosichella Keifer), harbors a monocistronic octapartite single-stranded Negative-Sense RNA genome. In this study, putative proteins encoded by HPWMoV genomic RNAs 2–8 were screened for potential RNA silencing suppression activity by using a green fluorescent protein-based reporter agroinfiltration assay. We found that proteins encoded by RNAs 7 (P7) and 8 (P8) suppressed silencing induced by single- or double-stranded RNAs and efficiently suppressed the transitive pathway of RNA silencing. Additionally, a Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV, genus Tritimovirus; family Potyviridae) mutant lacking the suppressor of RNA silencing (ΔP1) but having either P7 or P8 from HPWMoV restored cell-to-cell and long-distance movement in wheat, thus indicating that P7 or P8 rescued silencing suppressor-deficient WSMV. Furthermore, HPWMoV P7 and P8 substantially enhanced the pathogenicity of Potato virus X in Nicotiana benthamiana. Collectively, these data demonstrate that the octapartite genome of HPWMoV encodes two suppressors of RNA silencing.
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an eriophyid mite transmitted plant virus contains eight genomic rna segments with unusual heterogeneity in the nucleocapsid protein
Journal of Virology, 2014Co-Authors: Satyanarayana Tatineni, Anthony J Mcmechan, Everlyne N Wosula, Stephen N Wegulo, Robert A Graybosch, Roy French, Gary L HeinAbstract:Eriophyid mite-transmitted, multipartite, Negative-Sense RNA plant viruses with membrane-bound spherical virions are classified in the genus Emaravirus. We report here that the eriophyid mite-transmitted Wheat mosaic virus (WMoV), an Emaravirus, contains eight genomic RNA segments, the most in a known Negative-Sense RNA plant virus. Remarkably, two RNA 3 consensus sequences, encoding the nucleocapsid protein, were found with 12.5% sequence divergence, while no heterogeneity was observed in the consensus sequences of additional genomic RNA segments. The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, glycoprotein precursor, nucleocapsid, and P4 proteins of WMoV exhibited limited sequence homology with the orthologous proteins of other emaraviruses, while proteins encoded by additional genomic RNA segments displayed no significant homology with proteins reported in GenBank, suggesting that the genus Emaravirus evolved further with a divergent octapartite genome. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that WMoV formed an evolutionary link between members of the Emaravirus genus and the family Bunyaviridae. Furthermore, genomic-length virus- and virus-complementary (vc)-Sense strands of all WMoV genomic RNAs accumulated asymmetrically in infected wheat, with 10- to 20-fold more virus-Sense genomic RNAs than vc-Sense RNAs. These data further confirm the octapartite Negative-Sense polarity of the WMoV genome. In WMoV-infected wheat, subgenomic-length mRNAs of vc Sense were detected for genomic RNAs 3, 4, 7, and 8 but not for other RNA species, suggesting that the open reading frames present in the complementary Sense of genomic RNAs are expressed through subgenomic- or near-genomic-length vc-Sense mRNAs. IMPORTANCE Wheat mosaic virus (WMoV), an Emaravirus, is the causal agent of High Plains disease of wheat and maize. In this study, we demonstrated that the genome of WMoV comprises eight Negative-Sense RNA segments with an unusual sequence polymorphism in an RNA encoding the nucleocapsid protein but not in the additional genomic RNA segments. WMoV proteins displayed weak or no homology with reported emaraviruses, suggesting that the genus Emaravirus further evolved with a divergent octapartite genome. The current study also examined the profile of WMoV RNA accumulation in wheat and provided evidence for the synthesis of subgenomic-length mRNAs of virus complementary Sense. This is the first report to demonstrate that emaraviruses produce subgenomic-length mRNAs that are most likely utilized for genome expression. Importantly, this study facilitates the examination of gene functions and virus diversity and the development of effective diagnostic methods and management strategies for an economically important but poorly understood virus.
Humberto Debat - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Molecular characterization of a novel cytorhabdovirus with a unique genomic organization infecting yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) in Argentina
Archives of Virology, 2020Co-Authors: Nicolás Bejerman, Ralf G. Dietzgen, Raúl Maximiliano Acevedo, Soledad Breuil, Oscar A. Ruiz, Pedro Sansberro, Claudia Nome, Humberto DebatAbstract:The genome of a novel rhabdovirus was detected in yerba mate ( Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.). The newly identified virus, tentatively named "yerba mate virus A" (YmVA), has a genome of 14,961 nucleotides. Notably, eight open reading frames were identified in the antigenomic orientation of the Negative-Sense, single-stranded viral RNA, including two novel accessory genes, in the order 3′-N-P-3-4-M-G-L-8-5′. Sequence comparisons of the encoded proteins as well as phylogenetic analysis suggest that YmVA is a new member of the genus Cytorhabdovirus, family Rhabdoviridae . YmVA's unique genomic organization and phylogenetic relationships indicate that this virus likely represents a distinct evolutionary lineage among the cytorhabdoviruses.
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Molecular characterization of a novel cytorhabdovirus with a unique genomic organization infecting yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) in Argentina
2020Co-Authors: Nicolás Bejerman, Ralf G. Dietzgen, Raúl Maximiliano Acevedo, Soledad Breuil, Oscar A. Ruiz, Pedro Sansberro, Claudia Nome, Humberto DebatAbstract:The genome of a novel rhabdovirus was detected in yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.). The newly identified virus, tentatively named yerba mate virus A (YmVA), has a genome of 14,961 nucleotides. Notably, eight open reading frames were identified in the antigenomic orientation of the Negative-Sense, single-stranded viral RNA, including two novel accessory genes, in the order 39-N-P-3-4-M-G-L-8-59. Sequence identity of the encoded proteins as well as phylogenetic analysis suggest that YmVA is a new member of the genus Cytorhabdovirus, family Rhabdoviridae. YmVA unique genomic organization and phylogenetic relationships indicate that this virus likely represents a distinct evolutionary lineage within the cytorhabdoviruses.
Gary L Hein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Octapartite Negative-Sense RNA genome of High Plains wheat mosaic virus encodes two suppressors of RNA silencing.
Virology, 2018Co-Authors: Adarsh K. Gupta, Gary L Hein, Robert A Graybosch, Satyanarayana TatineniAbstract:Abstract High Plains wheat mosaic virus (HPWMoV, genus Emaravirus; family Fimoviridae), transmitted by the wheat curl mite (Aceria tosichella Keifer), harbors a monocistronic octapartite single-stranded Negative-Sense RNA genome. In this study, putative proteins encoded by HPWMoV genomic RNAs 2–8 were screened for potential RNA silencing suppression activity by using a green fluorescent protein-based reporter agroinfiltration assay. We found that proteins encoded by RNAs 7 (P7) and 8 (P8) suppressed silencing induced by single- or double-stranded RNAs and efficiently suppressed the transitive pathway of RNA silencing. Additionally, a Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV, genus Tritimovirus; family Potyviridae) mutant lacking the suppressor of RNA silencing (ΔP1) but having either P7 or P8 from HPWMoV restored cell-to-cell and long-distance movement in wheat, thus indicating that P7 or P8 rescued silencing suppressor-deficient WSMV. Furthermore, HPWMoV P7 and P8 substantially enhanced the pathogenicity of Potato virus X in Nicotiana benthamiana. Collectively, these data demonstrate that the octapartite genome of HPWMoV encodes two suppressors of RNA silencing.
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an eriophyid mite transmitted plant virus contains eight genomic rna segments with unusual heterogeneity in the nucleocapsid protein
Journal of Virology, 2014Co-Authors: Satyanarayana Tatineni, Anthony J Mcmechan, Everlyne N Wosula, Stephen N Wegulo, Robert A Graybosch, Roy French, Gary L HeinAbstract:Eriophyid mite-transmitted, multipartite, Negative-Sense RNA plant viruses with membrane-bound spherical virions are classified in the genus Emaravirus. We report here that the eriophyid mite-transmitted Wheat mosaic virus (WMoV), an Emaravirus, contains eight genomic RNA segments, the most in a known Negative-Sense RNA plant virus. Remarkably, two RNA 3 consensus sequences, encoding the nucleocapsid protein, were found with 12.5% sequence divergence, while no heterogeneity was observed in the consensus sequences of additional genomic RNA segments. The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, glycoprotein precursor, nucleocapsid, and P4 proteins of WMoV exhibited limited sequence homology with the orthologous proteins of other emaraviruses, while proteins encoded by additional genomic RNA segments displayed no significant homology with proteins reported in GenBank, suggesting that the genus Emaravirus evolved further with a divergent octapartite genome. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that WMoV formed an evolutionary link between members of the Emaravirus genus and the family Bunyaviridae. Furthermore, genomic-length virus- and virus-complementary (vc)-Sense strands of all WMoV genomic RNAs accumulated asymmetrically in infected wheat, with 10- to 20-fold more virus-Sense genomic RNAs than vc-Sense RNAs. These data further confirm the octapartite Negative-Sense polarity of the WMoV genome. In WMoV-infected wheat, subgenomic-length mRNAs of vc Sense were detected for genomic RNAs 3, 4, 7, and 8 but not for other RNA species, suggesting that the open reading frames present in the complementary Sense of genomic RNAs are expressed through subgenomic- or near-genomic-length vc-Sense mRNAs. IMPORTANCE Wheat mosaic virus (WMoV), an Emaravirus, is the causal agent of High Plains disease of wheat and maize. In this study, we demonstrated that the genome of WMoV comprises eight Negative-Sense RNA segments with an unusual sequence polymorphism in an RNA encoding the nucleocapsid protein but not in the additional genomic RNA segments. WMoV proteins displayed weak or no homology with reported emaraviruses, suggesting that the genus Emaravirus further evolved with a divergent octapartite genome. The current study also examined the profile of WMoV RNA accumulation in wheat and provided evidence for the synthesis of subgenomic-length mRNAs of virus complementary Sense. This is the first report to demonstrate that emaraviruses produce subgenomic-length mRNAs that are most likely utilized for genome expression. Importantly, this study facilitates the examination of gene functions and virus diversity and the development of effective diagnostic methods and management strategies for an economically important but poorly understood virus.
