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Lucia Valmaggia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the five factor model of the positive and Negative Syndrome scale ii a ten fold cross validation of a revised model
Schizophrenia Research, 2006Co-Authors: Mark Van Der Gaag, Ron Hijman, Tonko Hoffman, Mila Remijsen, Lieuwe De Haan, Berno Van Meijel, Peter N Van Harten, Lucia Valmaggia, Marc De HertAbstract:Objective The aim of this study was to test the goodness-of-fit of all previously published five-factor models of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Methods We used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with a large data set (N = 5769). Results The different subsamples were tested for heterogeneity and were found to be homogeneous. This indicates that despite variability in age, sex, duration of illness, admission status, etc., in the different subsamples, the structure of symptoms is the same for all patients with schizophrenia. Although previous research has shown that a five-factor model fits the data better than models with three or four factors, no satisfactory fit for any of the 25 published five-factor models was found with CFA. Conclusions Variability in age, sex, admission status and duration of illness has no substantial effect on the structure of symptoms in schizophrenia. The lack of fit can be caused by ill-defined items that aim to measure several properties in a single rating. Another explanation is that well-defined symptoms can have two or more causes. Then a double or triple loading item should not be discarded, but included because the complexity of symptoms in schizophrenia is represented by these multiple loadings. Such a complex model not only needs confirmation by CFA, but also has to be proven stable. A 10-fold cross-validation is suggested to develop a complex and stable model.
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the five factor model of the positive and Negative Syndrome scale i confirmatory factor analysis fails to confirm 25 published five factor solutions
Schizophrenia Research, 2006Co-Authors: Mark Van Der Gaag, Ron Hijman, Tonko Hoffman, Mila Remijsen, Lieuwe De Haan, Berno Van Meijel, Peter N Van Harten, Lucia Valmaggia, Anke CuijpersAbstract:Objective The aim of this study was to test the goodness-of-fit of all previously published five-factor models of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Methods We used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with a large data set (N = 5769). Results The different subsamples were tested for heterogeneity and were found to be homogeneous. This indicates that despite variability in age, sex, duration of illness, admission status, etc., in the different subsamples, the structure of symptoms is the same for all patients with schizophrenia. Although previous research has shown that a five-factor model fits the data better than models with three or four factors, no satisfactory fit for any of the 25 published five-factor models was found with CFA. Conclusions Variability in age, sex, admission status and duration of illness has no substantial effect on the structure of symptoms in schizophrenia. The lack of fit can be caused by ill-defined items that aim to measure several properties in a single rating. Another explanation is that well-defined symptoms can have two or more causes. Then a double or triple loading item should not be discarded, but included because the complexity of symptoms in schizophrenia is represented by these multiple loadings. Such a complex model not only needs confirmation by CFA, but also has to be proven stable. A 10-fold cross-validation is suggested to develop a complex and stable model.
Jean-pierre Lindenmayer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Are Shorter Versions of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) Doable? A Critical Review.
Innovations in clinical neuroscience, 2017Co-Authors: Jean-pierre LindenmayerAbstract:The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is a well-established assessment tool for measuring symptom severity in schizophrenia. Researchers and clinicians have been interested in the development of a short version of the PANSS that could reduce the burden of its administration for patients and raters. The author presents a comprehensive overview of existing brief PANSS measures, including their strengths and limitations, and discusses some possible next steps. There are two available scales that offer a reduced number of original PANSS items: PANSS-14 and PANSS-19; and two shorter versions that include six items: Brief PANSS and PANSS-6. The PANSS-6 has been tested quite extensively in established trials and appears to demonstrate high sensitivity to change and an established cut off definition for remission. Prospective testing in new antipsychotic treatment trials is still required for these shorter versions of PANSS. In addition, they need to be supplemented with interview guides, as well as provide conversion formulas to translate total scores from the short PANSS versions to the PANSS-30. Both short versions of the PANSS are essentially designed to evaluate response to antipsychotic treatment. Future PANSS scale development needs to address specific measurement of treatment-responsive positive symptoms by including treatment-sensitive items, as well as illness-phase specific PANSS tools.
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Use of NON-PARAMETRIC Item Response Theory to develop a shortened version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)
BMC Psychiatry, 2011Co-Authors: Anzalee Khan, Charles Lewis, Jean-pierre LindenmayerAbstract:Background Nonparametric item response theory (IRT) was used to examine (a) the performance of the 30 Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) items and their options ((levels of severity), (b) the effectiveness of various subscales to discriminate among differences in symptom severity, and (c) the development of an abbreviated PANSS (Mini-PANSS) based on IRT and a method to link scores to the original PANSS.
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Dimensions of Psychosis in Patients with Bipolar Mania as Measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale
Psychopathology, 2008Co-Authors: Jean-pierre Lindenmayer, Cynthia A. Bossie, Mary Kujawa, Carla M. CanusoAbstract:Background: Psychosis is present in 50% or more of patients with bipolar mania and is commonly evaluated in clinical research by means of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (P
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item response analysis of the positive and Negative Syndrome scale
BMC Psychiatry, 2007Co-Authors: Darcy A Santor, Jean-pierre Lindenmayer, Haya Aschersvanum, Robert L ObenchainAbstract:Statistical models based on item response theory were used to examine (a) the performance of individual Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) items and their options, (b) the effectiveness of various subscales to discriminate among individual differences in symptom severity, and (c) the appropriateness of cutoff scores recently recommended by Andreasen and her colleagues (2005) to establish symptom remission. Option characteristic curves were estimated using a nonparametric item response model to examine the probability of endorsing each of 7 options within each of 30 PANSS items as a function of standardized, overall symptom severity. Our data were baseline PANSS scores from 9205 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder who were enrolled between 1995 and 2003 in either a large, naturalistic, observational study or else in 1 of 12 randomized, double-blind, clinical trials comparing olanzapine to other antipsychotic drugs. Our analyses show that the majority of items forming the Positive and Negative subscales of the PANSS perform very well. We also identified key areas for improvement or revision in items and options within the General Psychopathology subscale. The Positive and Negative subscale scores are not only more discriminating of individual differences in symptom severity than the General Psychopathology subscale score, but are also more efficient on average than the 30-item total score. Of the 8 items recently recommended to establish symptom remission, 1 performed markedly different from the 7 others and should either be deleted or rescored requiring that patients achieve a lower score of 2 (rather than 3) to signal remission. This first item response analysis of the PANSS supports its sound psychometric properties; most PANSS items were either very good or good at assessing overall severity of illness. These analyses did identify some items which might be further improved for measuring individual severity differences or for defining remission thresholds. Findings also suggest that the Positive and Negative subscales are more sensitive to change than the PANSS total score and, thus, may constitute a "mini PANSS" that may be more reliable, require shorter administration and training time, and possibly reduce sample sizes needed for future research.
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An excitement subscale of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.
Schizophrenia research, 2004Co-Authors: Jean-pierre Lindenmayer, Eileen Brown, Robert W Baker, Leslie M Schuh, Lixin Shao, Mauricio Tohen, Saeeduddin Ahmed, Virginia L StaufferAbstract:We sought to develop and validate an excitement subscale from the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) to allow the investigation of mania-like excitement symptoms in clinical trials of patients with schizophrenia using the PANSS and to provide clinicians with a short assessment tool for these states. Baseline PANSS data from six double-blind, randomized registration trials of olanzapine, three in schizophrenia and three in acute bipolar mania, were used in these post-hoc analyses. Schizophrenia study data were pooled and randomly split in half. Exploratory principal component factor analysis was performed on half of the data. Factors were extracted based on minimum eigenvalue criteria (eigenvalue> or =1); loadings were determined using an equamax rotation. Confirmatory principal component factor analysis was performed on the other half of the data, retaining the original number of factors. Principal component factor analysis was also done for the pooled bipolar studies. Change in the new mania-like factor scores was then correlated with Young Mania Rating Scale (Y-MRS) scores in each bipolar study. Exploratory principal components analysis on the pooled schizophrenia data extracted five factors: Negative, positive, excitement, cognitive, and depressive factors. The mania-like excitement factor was represented by four items (uncooperativeness, poor impulse control, excitement, and hostility), with only moderate loadings by tension and suspiciousness/persecution. Results were similar in the confirmatory analysis and the pooled bipolar studies. Change from baseline to endpoint for the mania-like factor correlated reasonably well (0.64-0.78) with change in Y-MRS scores in the bipolar studies. At baseline, bipolar patients scored higher than patients with schizophrenia on three of four PANSS mania-like factor items: poor impulse control, excitement, and hostility; the converse was true for most other PANSS items. Factor analyses of the PANSS consistently uncovered an excitement factor including uncooperativeness, poor impulse control, excitement, and hostility items. This factor may be useful in examining manic symptoms in studies where the addition of a scale specific to mania would be burdensome and where symptoms of excitement are part of the clinical presentation.
Christophe Lançon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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stability of the five factor structure of the positive and Negative Syndrome scale panss
Schizophrenia Research, 2000Co-Authors: Christophe Lançon, Pascal Auquier, G Nayt, G. ReineAbstract:Abstract The main objective of the study was to verify the stability of the five-factor (Negative, positive, excitation, depression and cognitive) structure of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). The psychometric properties (validity and reliability) of the forced five-factor structure of the PANSS were explored in two different populations of schizophrenic patients: one in relapse and the other in the chronic phase of the disease. Three hundred and forty-two schizophrenic patients according to DSM-III-R criteria were involved. One hundred and eighteen (34.5%) patients were in relapse, and 224 (65.5%) were in the chronic phase. The forced five-factor principal-component analysis explained 64.3% of the total variance in the relapse patients and 62.1% in the chronic patients. The order of the factors was reversed for the depression and excitation factors in chronic patients compared with patients in relapse. The internal consistency of this five-factor structure was good (Cronbach's α>0.70) in the relapse and chronic patients, except for the cognitive factor. In conclusion, five dimensions (Negative, positive, excitation, depression and cognition) are necessary to account for the various clinical aspects of schizophrenia described by PANSS in relapse and chronic schizophrenic patients.
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Validity and reliability of the French-language version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1999Co-Authors: Christophe Lançon, G. Reine, Pierre-michel Llorca, Pascal AuquierAbstract:Lancon C, Reine G, Llorca PM, Auquier P. Validity and reliability of the French-language version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Acta Psychiatr Scand 1999: 100: 237–243. © Munksgaard 1999. Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the French-language version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Method: The validity and reliability of the PANSS were studied in a population of 342 patients diagnosed as schizophrenic according to DSM-III-R criteria. Results: The study of the internal consistency and principal-component analysis of the initial structure with three subscales (positive, Negative and general psychopathology) led us to investigate other factorial structures. We isolated a 5-factor structure (Negative, positive, hostility, disorganization and anxietyidepression) explaining 57.5% of the total variance. The internal consistency of the 5 factors isolated was good (0.87 for the Negative factor, 0.82 for the positive factor, 0.78 for the hostility factor, 0.71 for the disorganization factor and 0.68 for the anxiety/depression factor, respectively). The validity study on the external criteria confirmed the relationship between the Negative and anxiety/depression factors and the extrapyramidal symptoms. Conclusion: The stability of the PANSS factorial warrants discussion.
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An exploration of the psychometric properties of the French version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.
The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 1999Co-Authors: Christophe Lançon, Pierre-michel Llorca, V. Aghababian, D. Bernard, Pascal AuquierAbstract:Les proprietes psychometriques de la version francaise de la Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) ont ete etudiees chez un groupe de 85 patients ayant recu un diagnostic de schizophrenie conformement aux criteres du Manuel diagnostique et statistique des troubles mentaux (DSM-III-R). Les resultats de l'etude des proprietes (coherence interne et analyse en composantes principales) de la structure initiale a 3 echelles (positive, Negative et psychopathologie generale) nous ont pousses a examiner d'autres structures factorielles. Nous avons ainsi isole une structure a 5 facteurs (negatif, hostilite, positif, desorganisation et anxiete), qui expliquait 54, 7% de la variance totale. La coherence interne des 5 facteurs isoles etait bonne (0,79, facteur negatif; 0, 71, facteur d'hostilite ; 0, 77, facteur positif; 0,66, facteur de desorganisation ; et 0,61, facteur d'anxiete). La structure a 3 sous-echelles de la PANSS necessite une etude approfondie.
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Factorial structure of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS): a forced five‐dimensional factor analysis
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1998Co-Authors: Christophe Lançon, Pierre-michel Llorca, V. Aghababian, Pascal AuquierAbstract:We conducted a study on 205 schizophrenic patients in order to explore the factorial structure of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). We first documented the validity and reliability of the five-dimensional structure of the PANSS, initially derived from the work of Kay and Sevy and completed by Lindenmayer et al. Some items (stereotyped thinking, mannerisms and posturing, poor attention, lack of judgement, disturbance of volition, and preoccupation) appeared to contribute little to the constitution of the dimensions initially described by Kay and Sevy. Those items were not taken into account in the forced five-dimensional factor analysis. We therefore investigated further the psychometric properties of the PANSS using only the retained items. The validity and reliability of this new five-dimensional structure are discussed.
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Psychometric properties of PANSS (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale) in the French version in a sample of schizophrenic patients
Encephale-revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique Et Therapeutique, 1997Co-Authors: Christophe Lançon, Pierre-michel Llorca, Pascal Auquier, J.-l. Martinez, T. Bougerol, Scotto JcAbstract:Nous avons conduit une etude visant a etudier les proprietes psychometriques de la Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) dans sa version en langue francaise. 85 patients repondant aux criteres de schizophrenie selon le DSM III-R ont ete inclus dans l'etude. Les resultats rapportes doivent faire discuter la fiabilite et la validite de structure de la PANSS. La classique tridimensionnalite (positif, negatif et psychopathologie generale) de l'echelle est discutee. L'etude de la structure de l'echelle montre que les facteurs positifs et de psychopathologie generale recouvrent plusieurs dimensions symptomatiques. Une solution a 5 facteurs (negatif, hostilite, positif, desorganise et anxiete) a ete isolee representant 54,7 % de la variance totale. La coherence interne des dimensions proposees est discutee.
Pascal Auquier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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stability of the five factor structure of the positive and Negative Syndrome scale panss
Schizophrenia Research, 2000Co-Authors: Christophe Lançon, Pascal Auquier, G Nayt, G. ReineAbstract:Abstract The main objective of the study was to verify the stability of the five-factor (Negative, positive, excitation, depression and cognitive) structure of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). The psychometric properties (validity and reliability) of the forced five-factor structure of the PANSS were explored in two different populations of schizophrenic patients: one in relapse and the other in the chronic phase of the disease. Three hundred and forty-two schizophrenic patients according to DSM-III-R criteria were involved. One hundred and eighteen (34.5%) patients were in relapse, and 224 (65.5%) were in the chronic phase. The forced five-factor principal-component analysis explained 64.3% of the total variance in the relapse patients and 62.1% in the chronic patients. The order of the factors was reversed for the depression and excitation factors in chronic patients compared with patients in relapse. The internal consistency of this five-factor structure was good (Cronbach's α>0.70) in the relapse and chronic patients, except for the cognitive factor. In conclusion, five dimensions (Negative, positive, excitation, depression and cognition) are necessary to account for the various clinical aspects of schizophrenia described by PANSS in relapse and chronic schizophrenic patients.
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Validity and reliability of the French-language version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1999Co-Authors: Christophe Lançon, G. Reine, Pierre-michel Llorca, Pascal AuquierAbstract:Lancon C, Reine G, Llorca PM, Auquier P. Validity and reliability of the French-language version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Acta Psychiatr Scand 1999: 100: 237–243. © Munksgaard 1999. Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the French-language version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Method: The validity and reliability of the PANSS were studied in a population of 342 patients diagnosed as schizophrenic according to DSM-III-R criteria. Results: The study of the internal consistency and principal-component analysis of the initial structure with three subscales (positive, Negative and general psychopathology) led us to investigate other factorial structures. We isolated a 5-factor structure (Negative, positive, hostility, disorganization and anxietyidepression) explaining 57.5% of the total variance. The internal consistency of the 5 factors isolated was good (0.87 for the Negative factor, 0.82 for the positive factor, 0.78 for the hostility factor, 0.71 for the disorganization factor and 0.68 for the anxiety/depression factor, respectively). The validity study on the external criteria confirmed the relationship between the Negative and anxiety/depression factors and the extrapyramidal symptoms. Conclusion: The stability of the PANSS factorial warrants discussion.
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An exploration of the psychometric properties of the French version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.
The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 1999Co-Authors: Christophe Lançon, Pierre-michel Llorca, V. Aghababian, D. Bernard, Pascal AuquierAbstract:Les proprietes psychometriques de la version francaise de la Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) ont ete etudiees chez un groupe de 85 patients ayant recu un diagnostic de schizophrenie conformement aux criteres du Manuel diagnostique et statistique des troubles mentaux (DSM-III-R). Les resultats de l'etude des proprietes (coherence interne et analyse en composantes principales) de la structure initiale a 3 echelles (positive, Negative et psychopathologie generale) nous ont pousses a examiner d'autres structures factorielles. Nous avons ainsi isole une structure a 5 facteurs (negatif, hostilite, positif, desorganisation et anxiete), qui expliquait 54, 7% de la variance totale. La coherence interne des 5 facteurs isoles etait bonne (0,79, facteur negatif; 0, 71, facteur d'hostilite ; 0, 77, facteur positif; 0,66, facteur de desorganisation ; et 0,61, facteur d'anxiete). La structure a 3 sous-echelles de la PANSS necessite une etude approfondie.
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Factorial structure of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS): a forced five‐dimensional factor analysis
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1998Co-Authors: Christophe Lançon, Pierre-michel Llorca, V. Aghababian, Pascal AuquierAbstract:We conducted a study on 205 schizophrenic patients in order to explore the factorial structure of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). We first documented the validity and reliability of the five-dimensional structure of the PANSS, initially derived from the work of Kay and Sevy and completed by Lindenmayer et al. Some items (stereotyped thinking, mannerisms and posturing, poor attention, lack of judgement, disturbance of volition, and preoccupation) appeared to contribute little to the constitution of the dimensions initially described by Kay and Sevy. Those items were not taken into account in the forced five-dimensional factor analysis. We therefore investigated further the psychometric properties of the PANSS using only the retained items. The validity and reliability of this new five-dimensional structure are discussed.
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Psychometric properties of PANSS (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale) in the French version in a sample of schizophrenic patients
Encephale-revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique Et Therapeutique, 1997Co-Authors: Christophe Lançon, Pierre-michel Llorca, Pascal Auquier, J.-l. Martinez, T. Bougerol, Scotto JcAbstract:Nous avons conduit une etude visant a etudier les proprietes psychometriques de la Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) dans sa version en langue francaise. 85 patients repondant aux criteres de schizophrenie selon le DSM III-R ont ete inclus dans l'etude. Les resultats rapportes doivent faire discuter la fiabilite et la validite de structure de la PANSS. La classique tridimensionnalite (positif, negatif et psychopathologie generale) de l'echelle est discutee. L'etude de la structure de l'echelle montre que les facteurs positifs et de psychopathologie generale recouvrent plusieurs dimensions symptomatiques. Une solution a 5 facteurs (negatif, hostilite, positif, desorganise et anxiete) a ete isolee representant 54,7 % de la variance totale. La coherence interne des dimensions proposees est discutee.
Ron Hijman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the five factor model of the positive and Negative Syndrome scale i confirmatory factor analysis fails to confirm 25 published five factor solutions
Schizophrenia Research, 2006Co-Authors: Mark Van Der Gaag, Ron Hijman, Tonko Hoffman, Mila Remijsen, Lieuwe De Haan, Berno Van Meijel, Peter N Van Harten, Lucia Valmaggia, Anke CuijpersAbstract:Objective The aim of this study was to test the goodness-of-fit of all previously published five-factor models of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Methods We used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with a large data set (N = 5769). Results The different subsamples were tested for heterogeneity and were found to be homogeneous. This indicates that despite variability in age, sex, duration of illness, admission status, etc., in the different subsamples, the structure of symptoms is the same for all patients with schizophrenia. Although previous research has shown that a five-factor model fits the data better than models with three or four factors, no satisfactory fit for any of the 25 published five-factor models was found with CFA. Conclusions Variability in age, sex, admission status and duration of illness has no substantial effect on the structure of symptoms in schizophrenia. The lack of fit can be caused by ill-defined items that aim to measure several properties in a single rating. Another explanation is that well-defined symptoms can have two or more causes. Then a double or triple loading item should not be discarded, but included because the complexity of symptoms in schizophrenia is represented by these multiple loadings. Such a complex model not only needs confirmation by CFA, but also has to be proven stable. A 10-fold cross-validation is suggested to develop a complex and stable model.
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the five factor model of the positive and Negative Syndrome scale ii a ten fold cross validation of a revised model
Schizophrenia Research, 2006Co-Authors: Mark Van Der Gaag, Ron Hijman, Tonko Hoffman, Mila Remijsen, Lieuwe De Haan, Berno Van Meijel, Peter N Van Harten, Lucia Valmaggia, Marc De HertAbstract:Objective The aim of this study was to test the goodness-of-fit of all previously published five-factor models of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Methods We used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with a large data set (N = 5769). Results The different subsamples were tested for heterogeneity and were found to be homogeneous. This indicates that despite variability in age, sex, duration of illness, admission status, etc., in the different subsamples, the structure of symptoms is the same for all patients with schizophrenia. Although previous research has shown that a five-factor model fits the data better than models with three or four factors, no satisfactory fit for any of the 25 published five-factor models was found with CFA. Conclusions Variability in age, sex, admission status and duration of illness has no substantial effect on the structure of symptoms in schizophrenia. The lack of fit can be caused by ill-defined items that aim to measure several properties in a single rating. Another explanation is that well-defined symptoms can have two or more causes. Then a double or triple loading item should not be discarded, but included because the complexity of symptoms in schizophrenia is represented by these multiple loadings. Such a complex model not only needs confirmation by CFA, but also has to be proven stable. A 10-fold cross-validation is suggested to develop a complex and stable model.
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Component structure of the Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in patients with recent-onset schizophrenia and spectrum disorders
Psychopharmacology, 2000Co-Authors: J. E. D. Wolthaus, Peter Dingemans, Aart H. Schene, Don H. Linszen, H. Knegtering, Esther A. E. Holthausen, Wiepke Cahn, Ron HijmanAbstract:Rationale: Earlier studies have examined the symptom dimensions of the PANSS (Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale) in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Results have suggested that three to eight component solutions best explain underlying symptom dimensions. Objectives: To examine the component structure of the PANSS and the MADRS (Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale) in young patients with recent-onset schizophrenia and related disorders and the correlations between the components of both instruments. Methods: Symptomatology was measured in 138 patients with recent-onset schizophrenia, by administering the PANSS and the MADRS. Results: Principal component analysis of the PANSS revealed five components: a positive, Negative, depression, agitation-excitement and disorganisation component. The MADRS only showed one component. A high correlation was found between the depression component of the PANSS and the overall score of the MADRS (ρ=0.87, P
