The Experts below are selected from a list of 1143 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
David W Kimberlin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus infections
Seminars in Perinatology, 2018Co-Authors: Swetha G. Pinninti, David W KimberlinAbstract:Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) is an uncommon but devastating infection in the newborn, associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The use of PCR for identification of infected infants and acyclovir for treatment has significantly improved the prognosis for affected infants. The subsequent use of suppressive therapy with oral acyclovir following completion of parenteral treatment of acute disease has further enhanced the long-term prognosis for these infants. This review article will discuss the epidemiology, risk factors and routes of acquisition, clinical presentation, and evaluation of an infant suspected to have the infection, and treatment of proven Neonatal HSV disease.
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Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus infection
Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, 2015Co-Authors: Scott H James, David W KimberlinAbstract:Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) 1 and HSV-2 infections are highly prevalent worldwide and are characterized by establishing lifelong infection with periods of latency interspersed with periodic episodes of reactivation. Acquisition of HSV by an infant during the peripartum or postpartum period results in Neonatal HSV disease, a rare but significant infection that can be associated with severe morbidity and mortality, especially if there is dissemination or central nervous system involvement. Diagnostic and therapeutic advances have led to improvements in mortality and, to a lesser extent, neurodevelopmental outcomes, but room exists for further improvement.
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Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus infection epidemiology and treatment
Clinics in Perinatology, 2015Co-Authors: Scott H James, David W KimberlinAbstract:Herpes Simplex virus types 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2) are highly prevalent viruses capable of establishing lifelong infection. Genital Herpes in women of childbearing age represents a major risk for mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HSV infection, with primary and first-episode genital HSV infections posing the highest risk. The advent of antiviral therapy with parenteral acyclovir has led to significant improvement in Neonatal HSV disease mortality. Further studies are needed to improve the clinician's ability to identify infants at increased risk for HSV infection and prevent MTCT, and to develop novel antiviral agents with increased efficacy in infants with HSV infection.
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management of Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus infection and exposure
Archives of Disease in Childhood-fetal and Neonatal Edition, 2014Co-Authors: Swetha G. Pinninti, David W KimberlinAbstract:Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) infections are rare but are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Advances in diagnostic modalities to identify these infants, as well as the development of safe and effective antiviral therapy, have revolutionised the management of affected infants. This review will summarise the epidemiology of Neonatal HSV infections and discuss the management of infants with HSV exposure and infection.
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Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus infections.
Pediatric clinics of North America, 2013Co-Authors: Swetha G. Pinninti, David W KimberlinAbstract:Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus infections are uncommon, but because of the morbidity and mortality associated with the infection they are often considered in the differential diagnosis of ill neonates. The use of polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of central nervous system infections and the development of safe and effective antiviral therapy has revolutionized the diagnosis and management of these infants. Initiation of long-term antiviral suppressive therapy in these infants has led to significant improvement in morbidity. This article summarizes the epidemiology of Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus infections and discusses clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and follow up of infants with Neonatal Herpes disease.
David Isaacs - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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population based surveillance of Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus infection in australia 1997 2011
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2014Co-Authors: Cheryl A Jones, Camille Raynesgreenow, David IsaacsAbstract:BACKGROUND Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) infection is uncommon, but mortality after disseminated disease and morbidity after encephalitis are high. For the last decade, increased dose and duration of acyclovir has been advised to prevent disease progression and recurrence. We sought to determine prospectively the epidemiologic, clinical, and secular trends of this condition in Australia. METHODS This was prospective national active surveillance for Neonatal HSV disease through the Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit from 1997 to 2011. Case notification triggered a questionnaire requesting de-identified data from the pediatric clinician. RESULTS We identified 131 confirmed cases of Neonatal HSV disease in 15 years from 261 notifications (95% response). The reported incidence (3.27 cases per 100 000 live births overall; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.73-3.86) was stable. Overall mortality was 18.8% (95% CI, 12.1-25.5); the mortality rate was significantly lower in the latter part of the study period, 2005-2011, compared with 1997-2004 (P = .04). There were significantly more young mothers (<20 years of age) compared with Australian birth record data (18.5% vs 4.8%; P < .001). HSV-1 infection was more common than HSV-2 (62.7% vs 37.3%; P < .001), and the rate of HSV-1 infections increased significantly over the surveillance period (P < .05). From 2002, most infants received high-dose acyclovir. The time from symptom onset to initiation of therapy in survivors did not change over time. CONCLUSIONS Mortality from Neonatal HSV infection has fallen but remains high. HSV-1 is the major serotype causing Neonatal disease in Australia. Young mothers represent an important target group for prevention.
Richard J Whitley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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oral acyclovir suppression and neurodevelopment after Neonatal Herpes
The New England Journal of Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: David W Kimberlin, Richard F Jacobs, Richard J Whitley, Dwight A. Powell, John S. Bradley, Gregory A Storch, Amina Ahmed, April L Palmer, Pablo J Sanchez, Joan RobinsonAbstract:Background Poor neurodevelopmental outcomes and recurrences of cutaneous lesions remain unacceptably frequent among survivors of Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) disease. Methods We enrolled neonates with HSV disease in two parallel, identical, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. Neonates with central nervous system (CNS) involvement were enrolled in one study, and neonates with skin, eye, and mouth involvement only were enrolled in the other. After completing a regimen of 14 to 21 days of parenteral acyclovir, the infants were randomly assigned to immediate acyclovir suppression (300 mg per square meter of body-surface area per dose orally, three times daily for 6 months) or placebo. Cutaneous recurrences were treated with open-label episodic therapy. Results A total of 74 neonates were enrolled — 45 with CNS involvement and 29 with skin, eye, and mouth disease. The Mental Development Index of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (in which scores range from 50 to 150, with a mean of 100 and w...
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antiviral therapy for Herpesvirus central nervous system infections Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus infection Herpes Simplex encephalitis and congenital cytomegalovirus infection
Antiviral Research, 2009Co-Authors: Scott H James, David W Kimberlin, Richard J WhitleyAbstract:Herpesvirus infections of the central nervous system (CNS) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, including long-term neurologic sequelae. Among the family of Herpesviruses, the most significant CNS infections are due to Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV). The onset of HSV CNS infection can occur in neonates as well as older children and adults. CNS infection associated with CMV occurs predominantly in the perinatal period, but may also be seen rarely in children and adults, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Although advances in antiviral agents have led to improved outcomes, there is still a need for more effective treatments.
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Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus infection
Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases, 2004Co-Authors: Richard J WhitleyAbstract:Purpose of reviewIn spite of the availability of antiviral therapy for the treatment of Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus infections, the outcome remains poor, particularly for babies with disseminated multi-organ infection or central nervous system disease. This review considers recent advances that im
Cheryl A Jones - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit (APSU) Annual Surveillance Report 2019.
Communicable diseases intelligence, 2020Co-Authors: Suzy Teutsch, Carlos Nunez, Anne Morris, Skye Mcgregor, Jonathan King, Julia M.l. Brotherton, Daniel Novakovic, Robert Booy, Cheryl A Jones, William D. RawlinsonAbstract:The Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit (APSU) has been prospectively collecting national data on rare childhood conditions since 1993, with monthly reporting of cases by paediatricians. In this report we describe annual results from studies for ten communicable diseases and complications of communicable diseases that were conducted using APSU surveillance in 2019 and place these in an historic context. Results are reported on acute flaccid paralysis, congenital cytomegalovirus infection, Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus infection, perinatal exposure to HIV, paediatric HIV infection, severe complications of seasonal influenza, juvenile onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JoRRP), congenital rubella syndrome, congenital varicella syndrome and Neonatal varicella infection. APSU provides rich clinical data to complement data collected from other surveillance systems and to improve understanding and response to rare childhood infections.
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population based surveillance of Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus infection in australia 1997 2011
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2014Co-Authors: Cheryl A Jones, Camille Raynesgreenow, David IsaacsAbstract:BACKGROUND Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) infection is uncommon, but mortality after disseminated disease and morbidity after encephalitis are high. For the last decade, increased dose and duration of acyclovir has been advised to prevent disease progression and recurrence. We sought to determine prospectively the epidemiologic, clinical, and secular trends of this condition in Australia. METHODS This was prospective national active surveillance for Neonatal HSV disease through the Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit from 1997 to 2011. Case notification triggered a questionnaire requesting de-identified data from the pediatric clinician. RESULTS We identified 131 confirmed cases of Neonatal HSV disease in 15 years from 261 notifications (95% response). The reported incidence (3.27 cases per 100 000 live births overall; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.73-3.86) was stable. Overall mortality was 18.8% (95% CI, 12.1-25.5); the mortality rate was significantly lower in the latter part of the study period, 2005-2011, compared with 1997-2004 (P = .04). There were significantly more young mothers (<20 years of age) compared with Australian birth record data (18.5% vs 4.8%; P < .001). HSV-1 infection was more common than HSV-2 (62.7% vs 37.3%; P < .001), and the rate of HSV-1 infections increased significantly over the surveillance period (P < .05). From 2002, most infants received high-dose acyclovir. The time from symptom onset to initiation of therapy in survivors did not change over time. CONCLUSIONS Mortality from Neonatal HSV infection has fallen but remains high. HSV-1 is the major serotype causing Neonatal disease in Australia. Young mothers represent an important target group for prevention.
Craig A Umscheid - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus type 1 infection and jewish ritual circumcision with oral suction a systematic review
Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, 2015Co-Authors: Brian F Leas, Craig A UmscheidAbstract:Jewish ritual circumcision rarely but occasionally includes a procedure involving direct oral suction of the wound, which can expose an infant to infection with Herpes Simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). This practice has provoked international controversy in recent years, but no systematic review of the clinical literature has previously been published. We designed this review to identify and synthesize all published studies examining the association between circumcision with direct oral suction and HSV-1 infection. Our search strategy identified 6 published case series or case reports, documenting 30 cases between 1988 and 2012. Clinical findings were consistent with transmission of infection during circumcision, although the evidence base is limited by the small number of infections and incomplete case data. Published evidence suggests that circumcision with direct oral suction has resulted in severe Neonatal illness and death from HSV-1 transmission, but further research is necessary to clarify the risk of infection.
