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Italo Delalibera - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Solanum americanum as a reservoir of natural enemies of the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi (Acari: Tetranychidae)
International Journal of Acarology, 2012Co-Authors: Ana Elizabete Lopes Ribeiro, José W. S. Melo, Manoel G. C. Gondim, Italo DelaliberaAbstract:Brazilian populations of the pathogenic fungus Neozygites floridana (Weiser & Muma) Remaudiere & S. Keller (Entomophthoromycotina: Entomophthorales) and the predatory mite Phytoseiulus longipes Evans (Acari: Phytoseiidae) are potential candidates for introduction into Africa for classical biological control of the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae). The efficiency of these natural enemies against T. evansi has been demonstrated under laboratory conditions, but little is known about their performance on native Solanaceae in the field. The American nightshade, Solanum americanum Mill., is native to the Americas and may serve as an alternative host plant for T. evansi and its natural enemies in the absence of tomato plants. In this work, we studied the population dynamics of T. evansi and its natural enemies on S. americanum in a screen house, semi-field and field plots in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, to evaluate the potential of natural enemies for controlling...
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Solanum americanum as a reservoir of natural enemies of the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi (Acari: Tetranychidae)
International Journal of Acarology, 2012Co-Authors: Ana Elizabete Lopes Ribeiro, José W. S. Melo, Manoel G. C. Gondim, Italo DelaliberaAbstract:Brazilian populations of the pathogenic fungus Neozygites floridana (Weiser & Muma) Remaudiere & S. Keller (Entomophthoromycotina: Entomophthorales) and the predatory mite Phytoseiulus longipes Evans (Acari: Phytoseiidae) are potential candidates for introduction into Africa for classical biological control of the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae). The efficiency of these natural enemies against T. evansi has been demonstrated under laboratory conditions, but little is known about their performance on native Solanaceae in the field. The American nightshade, Solanum americanum Mill., is native to the Americas and may serve as an alternative host plant for T. evansi and its natural enemies in the absence of tomato plants. In this work, we studied the population dynamics of T. evansi and its natural enemies on S. americanum in a screen house, semi-field and field plots in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, to evaluate the potential of natural enemies for controlling T. evansi. Of the four natural enemies found in association with T. evansi, only N. floridana and P. longipes were clearly associated with the reduction of the populations of T. evansi. Neozygites floridana was observed in a screen house, semi-field and field plots, but P. longipes was only detected in the semi-field plots. Increases in the population of T. evansi were always followed by increases in the density of one of these natural enemies, suggesting that they were important factors regulating T. evansi populations on S. americanum. The presence of this host plant near the release sites in Africa thus might increase the chances for the permanent establishment of these natural enemies.CAPES-BrazilCAPES (Brazil
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host range of Neozygites floridana isolates zygomycetes entomophthorales to spider mites
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 2009Co-Authors: Ana Elizabete Lopes Ribeiro, Eveline Calderan, Manoel G. C. Gondim, Italo DelaliberaAbstract:Neozygites floridana (Weiser & Muma) (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales) has been reported infecting naturally at least 18 species of tetranychids worldwide. However, the host range of N. floridana is unknown. Epizootics caused by this pathogen to tetranychid populations indicate that N. floridana has the potential to be used as a biological control agent. However, the virulence and specificity of species and strains of Neozygites need to be assessed in the laboratory to reveal its potential as a biological control agent. N. floridana isolates are currently been investigated in Brazil as biological control agents against the tomato red mite, Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard, and the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. The pathogenicity of five strains of N. floridana obtained from T. urticae, T. evansi and T. ludeni Zacher was assessed against populations of Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar), Schizotetranychus sacharum Flechtmann & Baker, Tetranychus abacae Baker & Pritchard and Tetranychus armipenis Flechtmann & Baker, in addition to the species from which the fungus was obtained. Mummified mites were placed on leaf discs of the host plant of each tetranychid to promote fungal sporulation, and after 24 h the mites were transferred to the leaf discs. Contamination, infection and mummification were evaluated daily for seven days after confinement. Each isolate was pathogenic to three or four out of the six spider mite species tested. However, except for isolate ESALQ1421, all isolates caused higher levels of infection and significant mummification only to the tetranychid species from which they were collected. None of the isolates was pathogenic to S. sacharum and only one isolate infected T. abacae. Alternative hosts may be important for N. floridana survival in tropical regions where resting spores are rarely found.
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acaros predadores e o fungo Neozygites floridana associados a tetraniquideos em soja no rio grande do sul
Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira, 2009Co-Authors: Samuel Roggia, Jerson Vanderei Carus Guedes, Rejane Cristina Roppa Kuss Roggia, Geraldo Jose Nascimento De Vasconcelos, Denise Navia, Italo DelaliberaAbstract:O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a ocorrencia de acaros predadores e do fungo Neozygites floridana, associados a acaros tetraniquideos, em soja (Glycine max L.), no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Entre 2003 e 2005, foram avaliadas amostras de folhas de soja das principais regioes produtoras do Estado. Essas amostras foram coletadas de diferentes posicoes da planta e aleatoriamente na lavoura. As especies de acaros predadores encontradas foram: Neoseiulus anonymus, N. californicus, Phytoseiulus fragariae, P. macropilis, Proprioseiopsis cannaensis e Galendromus annectens. O fungo N. floridana apresentou ampla distribuicao e ocorreu em todas as especies de tetraniquideos encontradas: Mononychellus planki, Tetranychus desertorum, T. gigas, T. ludeni e T. urticae.
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Ácaros predadores e o fungo Neozygites floridana associados a tetraniquídeos em soja no Rio Grande do Sul Predatory mites and the fungus Neozygites floridana associated with spider mites on soybean, in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Embrapa Informação Tecnológica, 2009Co-Authors: Samuel Roggia, Jerson Vanderei Carus Guedes, Rejane Cristina Roppa Kuss Roggia, Geraldo Jose Nascimento De Vasconcelos, Denise Navia, Italo DelaliberaAbstract:O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a ocorrência de ácaros predadores e do fungo Neozygites floridana, associados a ácaros tetraniquídeos, em soja (Glycine max L.), no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Entre 2003 e 2005, foram avaliadas amostras de folhas de soja das principais regiões produtoras do Estado. Essas amostras foram coletadas de diferentes posições da planta e aleatoriamente na lavoura. As espécies de ácaros predadores encontradas foram: Neoseiulus anonymus, N. californicus, Phytoseiulus fragariae, P. macropilis, Proprioseiopsis cannaensis e Galendromus annectens. O fungo N. floridana apresentou ampla distribuição e ocorreu em todas as espécies de tetraniquídeos encontradas: Mononychellus planki, Tetranychus desertorum, T. gigas, T. ludeni e T. urticae.The objective of this work was to verify the occurrence of predatory mites and the fungus Neozygites floridana, associated with spider mites in soybean (Glycine max L.), in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. From 2003 to 2005, samples of soybean leaves from the most important soybean producing regions of the state were evaluated. These samples were collected from different positions of the plant and randomly in the field. The predatory mite species found were Neoseiulus anonymus, N. californicus, Phytoseiulus fragariae, P. macropilis, Proprioseiopsis cannaensis, and Galendromus annectens. The fungus N. floridana was widely distributed and occurred in all the spider mite species found: Mononychellus planki, Tetranychus desertorum, T. gigas, T. ludeni and T. urticae
Ingeborg Klingen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Entomopathogenic fungal conidia marginally affect the behavior of the predators Orius majusculus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) foraging for healthy Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Experimental and Applied Acarology, 2019Co-Authors: Stine K. Jacobsen, Ingeborg Klingen, Jørgen Eilenberg, Bo Markussen, Lene SigsgaardAbstract:We determined how conidia of arthropod-pathogenic fungi on leaves affected the behavior of two predators— Orius majusculus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae)—when offered a choice between preying on two-spotted spider mites, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae), in the presence or absence of infective conidia of Metarhizium brunneum (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) and Neozygites floridana (Entomophthoromycota: Neozygitaceae). The results indicate no significant relation between the presence of conidia and predator behavior. The only indication of interference is between the generalists O. majusculus and M. brunneum , with a trend towards more time spent feeding and more prey encounters turning into feeding events on leaf discs without conidia than on leaf discs with conidia. Our results show that the presence of fungal conidia does not alter the preying behavior of the predators, and using predators and fungi together is not limited by any interference between organisms in the short term.
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Entomopathogenic fungal conidia marginally affect the behavior of the predators Orius majusculus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) foraging for healthy Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Experimental and Applied Acarology, 2019Co-Authors: Stine K. Jacobsen, Ingeborg Klingen, Jørgen Eilenberg, Bo Markussen, Lene SigsgaardAbstract:We determined how conidia of arthropod-pathogenic fungi on leaves affected the behavior of two predators— Orius majusculus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae)—when offered a choice between preying on two-spotted spider mites, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae), in the presence or absence of infective conidia of Metarhizium brunneum (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) and Neozygites floridana (Entomophthoromycota: Neozygitaceae). The results indicate no significant relation between the presence of conidia and predator behavior. The only indication of interference is between the generalists O. majusculus and M. brunneum , with a trend towards more time spent feeding and more prey encounters turning into feeding events on leaf discs without conidia than on leaf discs with conidia. Our results show that the presence of fungal conidia does not alter the preying behavior of the predators, and using predators and fungi together is not limited by any interference between organisms in the short term.
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interactions between natural enemies effect of a predatory mite on transmission of the fungus Neozygites floridana in two spotted spider mite populations
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 2016Co-Authors: Nina Trandem, Ronny Berdinesen, Judith K. Pell, Ingeborg KlingenAbstract:Abstract Introducing the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis into two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, populations significantly increased the proportion of T. urticae infected with the spider mite pathogen Neozygites floridana in one of two experiments. By the final sampling occasion, the number of T. urticae in the treatment with both the predator and the pathogen had declined to zero in both experiments, while in the fungus-only treatment T. urticae populations still persisted (20–40 T. urticae/subsample). Releasing P. persimilis into crops in which N. floridana is naturally present has the potential to improve spider mite control more than through predation alone.
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Overwintering and prevalence of Neozygites floridana (Zygomycetes: Neozygitaceae) in hibernating females of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) under cold climatic conditions in strawberries
Experimental and Applied Acarology, 2008Co-Authors: Ingeborg Klingen, Gunnar Wærsted, Karin WestrumAbstract:To evaluate overwintering strategies of the fungus Neozygites floridana , an important natural enemy of Tetranychus urticae , hibernating T. urticae females were investigated for the presence of fungal structures throughout one winter (October 12, 2006 to February 19, 2007) in field-grown strawberries in a cold climate in Norway (min. ambient temp −15.3°C). Neozygites floridana was present as hyphal bodies inside live, hibernating females in T. urticae populations throughout the sampling period. The lowest percentages of hibernating females with hyphal bodies were found at the two first dates of sampling at 5.5 and 0% on October 12 and 19, respectively. The prevalence then increased and peaked at 54.4% on January 14. Resting spores (immature) were also found in live hibernating females at some dates, but at lower prevalence than for hyphal bodies and predominantly only until November 8. Prevalence of resting spores in live hibernating females ranged from 2.5 to 13.8%. Total number of T. urticae was also recorded, and most mites of all four categories (nymphs, males, non-hibernating and hibernating females) were found at the first sampling date. At this date non-hibernating females were the most abundant. A sharp decrease in non-hibernating females, nymphs and males was, however, seen from mid-October to mid-November; also numbers of hibernating females decreased, but not as fast. The relative abundance of hibernating females compared to non-hibernating females increased from 32.2% at the first collection (October 12) to 97.7% at the last collection (February 2). This study confirms that N. floridana survives the winter as a semi-latent hyphal body infection, protected inside live hibernating females. It is therefore ready to develop and sporulate as soon as climatic conditions permit, resulting in early season infection of T. urticae .
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Overwintering and prevalence of Neozygites floridana (Zygomycetes: Neozygitaceae) in hibernating females of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) under cold climatic conditions in strawberries.
Experimental & applied acarology, 2008Co-Authors: Ingeborg Klingen, Gunnar Wærsted, Karin WestrumAbstract:To evaluate overwintering strategies of the fungus Neozygites floridana, an important natural enemy of Tetranychus urticae, hibernating T. urticae females were investigated for the presence of fungal structures throughout one winter (October 12, 2006 to February 19, 2007) in field-grown strawberries in a cold climate in Norway (min. ambient temp -15.3 degrees C). Neozygites floridana was present as hyphal bodies inside live, hibernating females in T. urticae populations throughout the sampling period. The lowest percentages of hibernating females with hyphal bodies were found at the two first dates of sampling at 5.5 and 0% on October 12 and 19, respectively. The prevalence then increased and peaked at 54.4% on January 14. Resting spores (immature) were also found in live hibernating females at some dates, but at lower prevalence than for hyphal bodies and predominantly only until November 8. Prevalence of resting spores in live hibernating females ranged from 2.5 to 13.8%. Total number of T. urticae was also recorded, and most mites of all four categories (nymphs, males, non-hibernating and hibernating females) were found at the first sampling date. At this date non-hibernating females were the most abundant. A sharp decrease in non-hibernating females, nymphs and males was, however, seen from mid-October to mid-November; also numbers of hibernating females decreased, but not as fast. The relative abundance of hibernating females compared to non-hibernating females increased from 32.2% at the first collection (October 12) to 97.7% at the last collection (February 2). This study confirms that N. floridana survives the winter as a semi-latent hyphal body infection, protected inside live hibernating females. It is therefore ready to develop and sporulate as soon as climatic conditions permit, resulting in early season infection of T. urticae.
Richard A. Humber - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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natural occurrence of entomopathogenic fungi zygomycetes entomophthorales of aphid hemiptera aphididae pests of horticultural crops in argentina
Biocontrol, 2007Co-Authors: Ana Clara Scorsetti, Richard A. Humber, Juan J Garcia, Claudia Lopez C LastraAbstract:A three-year survey of entomophthoralean pathogenic fungi of aphids from horticultural crops in La Plata, Argentina, was conducted. Nine species of aphids, including Aphis fabae Scopoli, Aphis gossypii Glover, Brevicoryne brassicae (L.), Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), Myzus sp., Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Nasonovia ribisnigri (Mosley) and Capitophorus elaeagni (del Guercio) were recorded as hosts of entomopathogenic fungi. Six species of Entomophthorales that infected and killed aphids were found in vegetable crops. The fungal species identified were Conidiobolus obscurus (Hall & Dunn) Remaudiere & Keller, Entomophthora planchoniana Cornu, Neozygites fresenii (Nowakowski) Remaudiere & Keller, Pandora neoaphidis (Remaudiere & Hennebert) Humber, Zoophthoraradicans (Brefeld) Batko and Zoophthora sp. Pandora neoaphidis was the most predominant pathogen of aphids and was found throughout the summer (December–March) 2004. The recovery of C. obscurus, N. fresenii and P. neoaphidis represent first records of these fungi for South America.
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Natural occurrence of entomopathogenic fungi (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales) of aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) pests of horticultural crops in Argentina
BioControl, 2006Co-Authors: Ana Clara Scorsetti, Richard A. Humber, Juan J Garcia, Claudia C. López LastraAbstract:A three-year survey of entomophthoralean pathogenic fungi of aphids from horticultural crops in La Plata, Argentina, was conducted. Nine species of aphids, including Aphis fabae Scopoli, Aphis gossypii Glover, Brevicoryne brassicae (L.), Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), Myzus sp., Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Nasonovia ribisnigri (Mosley) and Capitophorus elaeagni (del Guercio) were recorded as hosts of entomopathogenic fungi. Six species of Entomophthorales that infected and killed aphids were found in vegetable crops. The fungal species identified were Conidiobolus obscurus (Hall & Dunn) Remaudière & Keller, Entomophthora planchoniana Cornu, Neozygites fresenii (Nowakowski) Remaudière & Keller, Pandora neoaphidis (Remaudière & Hennebert) Humber, Zoophthora radicans (Brefeld) Batko and Zoophthora sp. Pandora neoaphidis was the most predominant pathogen of aphids and was found throughout the summer (December–March) 2004. The recovery of C. obscurus , N. fresenii and P. neoaphidis represent first records of these fungi for South America.
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Preservation of in vitro cultures of the mite pathogenic fungus Neozygites tanajoae.
Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 2004Co-Authors: Italo Delalibera, Richard A. HumberAbstract:Neozygites tanajoae has recently been described as a new fungal pathogen distinct from Neozygites floridana. This pathogen is currently being used as a classical biological control agent against the cassava green mite, Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar), in Africa. Neozygites tanajoae is a particularly fastidious species, and in vitro cultures of isolates from Brazil and Africa have only recently been established. In this study, the efficacy of several cryoprotectants at different exposure times, cooling rates, and warming rates for protecting hyphal bodies of N. tanajoae during cryopreservation was investigated. A protocol for preservation of cultures of N. tanajoae at ultra-low temperatures of –80 °C or –196 °C, using 1% trehalose + 2% dimethyl sulfoxide as cryoprotective agents, is described in detail. In this study, we demonstrate that N. tanajoae differs remarkably from N. floridana (isolates ARSEF 662 and ARSEF 5376) in the ability to withstand the stress of cold temperature (4 °C) and cryopreservation....
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preservation of in vitro cultures of the mite pathogenic fungus Neozygites tanajoae
Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 2004Co-Authors: Italo Delalibera, Richard A. Humber, Ann E. HajekAbstract:Neozygites tanajoae has recently been described as a new fungal pathogen distinct from Neozygites floridana. This pathogen is currently being used as a classical biological control agent against th...
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Preservation of in vitro cultures of the mite pathogenic fungus Neozygites tanajoae.
Canadian journal of microbiology, 2004Co-Authors: Italo Delalibera, Richard A. Humber, Ann E. HajekAbstract:Neozygites tanajoae has recently been described as a new fungal pathogen distinct from Neozygites floridana. This pathogen is currently being used as a classical biological control agent against the cassava green mite, Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar), in Africa. Neozygites tanajoae is a particularly fastidious species, and in vitro cultures of isolates from Brazil and Africa have only recently been established. In this study, the efficacy of several cryoprotectants at different exposure times, cooling rates, and warming rates for protecting hyphal bodies of N. tanajoae during cryopreservation was investigated. A protocol for preservation of cultures of N. tanajoae at ultra-low temperatures of -80 degrees C or -196 degrees C, using 1% trehalose + 2% dimethyl sulfoxide as cryoprotective agents, is described in detail. In this study, we demonstrate that N. tanajoae differs remarkably from N. floridana (isolates ARSEF 662 and ARSEF 5376) in the ability to withstand the stress of cold temperature (4 degrees C) and cryopreservation. In vitro cultures of the 2 N. floridana isolates remained viable at 4 degrees C for up to 47 d; however, cultures of N. tanajoae did not survive this temperature for 4 d. Cryopreservation methods successful for N. tanajoae isolates are not suitable for N. floridana and are unusual in comparison to those for many fungi.
Ana Elizabete Lopes Ribeiro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Solanum americanum as a reservoir of natural enemies of the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi (Acari: Tetranychidae)
International Journal of Acarology, 2012Co-Authors: Ana Elizabete Lopes Ribeiro, José W. S. Melo, Manoel G. C. Gondim, Italo DelaliberaAbstract:Brazilian populations of the pathogenic fungus Neozygites floridana (Weiser & Muma) Remaudiere & S. Keller (Entomophthoromycotina: Entomophthorales) and the predatory mite Phytoseiulus longipes Evans (Acari: Phytoseiidae) are potential candidates for introduction into Africa for classical biological control of the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae). The efficiency of these natural enemies against T. evansi has been demonstrated under laboratory conditions, but little is known about their performance on native Solanaceae in the field. The American nightshade, Solanum americanum Mill., is native to the Americas and may serve as an alternative host plant for T. evansi and its natural enemies in the absence of tomato plants. In this work, we studied the population dynamics of T. evansi and its natural enemies on S. americanum in a screen house, semi-field and field plots in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, to evaluate the potential of natural enemies for controlling...
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Solanum americanum as a reservoir of natural enemies of the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi (Acari: Tetranychidae)
International Journal of Acarology, 2012Co-Authors: Ana Elizabete Lopes Ribeiro, José W. S. Melo, Manoel G. C. Gondim, Italo DelaliberaAbstract:Brazilian populations of the pathogenic fungus Neozygites floridana (Weiser & Muma) Remaudiere & S. Keller (Entomophthoromycotina: Entomophthorales) and the predatory mite Phytoseiulus longipes Evans (Acari: Phytoseiidae) are potential candidates for introduction into Africa for classical biological control of the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae). The efficiency of these natural enemies against T. evansi has been demonstrated under laboratory conditions, but little is known about their performance on native Solanaceae in the field. The American nightshade, Solanum americanum Mill., is native to the Americas and may serve as an alternative host plant for T. evansi and its natural enemies in the absence of tomato plants. In this work, we studied the population dynamics of T. evansi and its natural enemies on S. americanum in a screen house, semi-field and field plots in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, to evaluate the potential of natural enemies for controlling T. evansi. Of the four natural enemies found in association with T. evansi, only N. floridana and P. longipes were clearly associated with the reduction of the populations of T. evansi. Neozygites floridana was observed in a screen house, semi-field and field plots, but P. longipes was only detected in the semi-field plots. Increases in the population of T. evansi were always followed by increases in the density of one of these natural enemies, suggesting that they were important factors regulating T. evansi populations on S. americanum. The presence of this host plant near the release sites in Africa thus might increase the chances for the permanent establishment of these natural enemies.CAPES-BrazilCAPES (Brazil
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host range of Neozygites floridana isolates zygomycetes entomophthorales to spider mites
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 2009Co-Authors: Ana Elizabete Lopes Ribeiro, Eveline Calderan, Manoel G. C. Gondim, Italo DelaliberaAbstract:Neozygites floridana (Weiser & Muma) (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales) has been reported infecting naturally at least 18 species of tetranychids worldwide. However, the host range of N. floridana is unknown. Epizootics caused by this pathogen to tetranychid populations indicate that N. floridana has the potential to be used as a biological control agent. However, the virulence and specificity of species and strains of Neozygites need to be assessed in the laboratory to reveal its potential as a biological control agent. N. floridana isolates are currently been investigated in Brazil as biological control agents against the tomato red mite, Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard, and the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. The pathogenicity of five strains of N. floridana obtained from T. urticae, T. evansi and T. ludeni Zacher was assessed against populations of Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar), Schizotetranychus sacharum Flechtmann & Baker, Tetranychus abacae Baker & Pritchard and Tetranychus armipenis Flechtmann & Baker, in addition to the species from which the fungus was obtained. Mummified mites were placed on leaf discs of the host plant of each tetranychid to promote fungal sporulation, and after 24 h the mites were transferred to the leaf discs. Contamination, infection and mummification were evaluated daily for seven days after confinement. Each isolate was pathogenic to three or four out of the six spider mite species tested. However, except for isolate ESALQ1421, all isolates caused higher levels of infection and significant mummification only to the tetranychid species from which they were collected. None of the isolates was pathogenic to S. sacharum and only one isolate infected T. abacae. Alternative hosts may be important for N. floridana survival in tropical regions where resting spores are rarely found.
Manoel G. C. Gondim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Solanum americanum as a reservoir of natural enemies of the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi (Acari: Tetranychidae)
International Journal of Acarology, 2012Co-Authors: Ana Elizabete Lopes Ribeiro, José W. S. Melo, Manoel G. C. Gondim, Italo DelaliberaAbstract:Brazilian populations of the pathogenic fungus Neozygites floridana (Weiser & Muma) Remaudiere & S. Keller (Entomophthoromycotina: Entomophthorales) and the predatory mite Phytoseiulus longipes Evans (Acari: Phytoseiidae) are potential candidates for introduction into Africa for classical biological control of the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae). The efficiency of these natural enemies against T. evansi has been demonstrated under laboratory conditions, but little is known about their performance on native Solanaceae in the field. The American nightshade, Solanum americanum Mill., is native to the Americas and may serve as an alternative host plant for T. evansi and its natural enemies in the absence of tomato plants. In this work, we studied the population dynamics of T. evansi and its natural enemies on S. americanum in a screen house, semi-field and field plots in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, to evaluate the potential of natural enemies for controlling...
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Solanum americanum as a reservoir of natural enemies of the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi (Acari: Tetranychidae)
International Journal of Acarology, 2012Co-Authors: Ana Elizabete Lopes Ribeiro, José W. S. Melo, Manoel G. C. Gondim, Italo DelaliberaAbstract:Brazilian populations of the pathogenic fungus Neozygites floridana (Weiser & Muma) Remaudiere & S. Keller (Entomophthoromycotina: Entomophthorales) and the predatory mite Phytoseiulus longipes Evans (Acari: Phytoseiidae) are potential candidates for introduction into Africa for classical biological control of the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae). The efficiency of these natural enemies against T. evansi has been demonstrated under laboratory conditions, but little is known about their performance on native Solanaceae in the field. The American nightshade, Solanum americanum Mill., is native to the Americas and may serve as an alternative host plant for T. evansi and its natural enemies in the absence of tomato plants. In this work, we studied the population dynamics of T. evansi and its natural enemies on S. americanum in a screen house, semi-field and field plots in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, to evaluate the potential of natural enemies for controlling T. evansi. Of the four natural enemies found in association with T. evansi, only N. floridana and P. longipes were clearly associated with the reduction of the populations of T. evansi. Neozygites floridana was observed in a screen house, semi-field and field plots, but P. longipes was only detected in the semi-field plots. Increases in the population of T. evansi were always followed by increases in the density of one of these natural enemies, suggesting that they were important factors regulating T. evansi populations on S. americanum. The presence of this host plant near the release sites in Africa thus might increase the chances for the permanent establishment of these natural enemies.CAPES-BrazilCAPES (Brazil
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host range of Neozygites floridana isolates zygomycetes entomophthorales to spider mites
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 2009Co-Authors: Ana Elizabete Lopes Ribeiro, Eveline Calderan, Manoel G. C. Gondim, Italo DelaliberaAbstract:Neozygites floridana (Weiser & Muma) (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales) has been reported infecting naturally at least 18 species of tetranychids worldwide. However, the host range of N. floridana is unknown. Epizootics caused by this pathogen to tetranychid populations indicate that N. floridana has the potential to be used as a biological control agent. However, the virulence and specificity of species and strains of Neozygites need to be assessed in the laboratory to reveal its potential as a biological control agent. N. floridana isolates are currently been investigated in Brazil as biological control agents against the tomato red mite, Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard, and the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. The pathogenicity of five strains of N. floridana obtained from T. urticae, T. evansi and T. ludeni Zacher was assessed against populations of Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar), Schizotetranychus sacharum Flechtmann & Baker, Tetranychus abacae Baker & Pritchard and Tetranychus armipenis Flechtmann & Baker, in addition to the species from which the fungus was obtained. Mummified mites were placed on leaf discs of the host plant of each tetranychid to promote fungal sporulation, and after 24 h the mites were transferred to the leaf discs. Contamination, infection and mummification were evaluated daily for seven days after confinement. Each isolate was pathogenic to three or four out of the six spider mite species tested. However, except for isolate ESALQ1421, all isolates caused higher levels of infection and significant mummification only to the tetranychid species from which they were collected. None of the isolates was pathogenic to S. sacharum and only one isolate infected T. abacae. Alternative hosts may be important for N. floridana survival in tropical regions where resting spores are rarely found.