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Mario Manana - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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energy potential of waste from 10 forest species in the north of spain cantabria
Bioresource Technology, 2008Co-Authors: S Perez, C J Renedo, A Ortiz, Mario MananaAbstract:Abstract In this work, the waste from 10 forest species of Cantabria have been characterized from the point of view of energy. The studied species were the waste of: Eucalyptus globulus, Eucalyptus nitens , the hybrid E. globulus × E. nitens , Eucalyptus viminalis, Eucalyptus smithii, Eucalyptus regnans , Eucalyptus gunni, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur and Pinus radiata . The leaves were the tree part with the greatest NCV (Net Calorific Value) in all the species. The best results were obtained for the leaves of E. smithii (24.5 MJ/kg), F. sylvatica (22.8 MJ/kg) and E. nitens (22.5 MJ/kg), at minimum moisture. Values around 65,000 MJ per hectare and year were obtained for the Eucalyptus spp., and 47,000 MJ per hectare and year for the P. radiata . The economic-environmental analysis revealed that the use of the forest waste for energy production would mean an approximate annual income of 8 M€ and would fix the annual CO 2 emitted by the Cantabrian industries at 78%.
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energy evaluation of the eucalyptus globulus and the eucalyptus nitens in the north of spain cantabria
Thermochimica Acta, 2006Co-Authors: S Perez, C J Renedo, Mario Manana, A Ortiz, D. SilióAbstract:Abstract This work studied the potential use of the waste from Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus nitens as energy crops, evaluating young and adult stages of both in all four seasons of the year with different moisture contents. The study was carried out made in Cantabria (North coast of Spain), located at latitude 43°28′N, and longitude 3°48′W. In this region, 29,513 ha are dedicated to the growth of Eucalyptus , with about 80% E. globulus , and 20% E. nitens . Six different plantations have been analyzed and their bioclimatic diagrams determined. After the collection of samples the potential energy of every sample was obtained, they were weighed, analyzed and burned, giving a mean Net Calorific Value of 17,384 and 17,927 kJ/kg in the adult stage of E. globulus and E. nitens , respectively. The results for the young stage of both species were 17,708 and 18,670 kJ/kg. Moisture content in the samples has a great influence on power production. Finally, the economic and environmental consequences of these crop species for the region of Cantabria were analyzed.
S Perez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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energy potential of waste from 10 forest species in the north of spain cantabria
Bioresource Technology, 2008Co-Authors: S Perez, C J Renedo, A Ortiz, Mario MananaAbstract:Abstract In this work, the waste from 10 forest species of Cantabria have been characterized from the point of view of energy. The studied species were the waste of: Eucalyptus globulus, Eucalyptus nitens , the hybrid E. globulus × E. nitens , Eucalyptus viminalis, Eucalyptus smithii, Eucalyptus regnans , Eucalyptus gunni, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur and Pinus radiata . The leaves were the tree part with the greatest NCV (Net Calorific Value) in all the species. The best results were obtained for the leaves of E. smithii (24.5 MJ/kg), F. sylvatica (22.8 MJ/kg) and E. nitens (22.5 MJ/kg), at minimum moisture. Values around 65,000 MJ per hectare and year were obtained for the Eucalyptus spp., and 47,000 MJ per hectare and year for the P. radiata . The economic-environmental analysis revealed that the use of the forest waste for energy production would mean an approximate annual income of 8 M€ and would fix the annual CO 2 emitted by the Cantabrian industries at 78%.
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energy evaluation of the eucalyptus globulus and the eucalyptus nitens in the north of spain cantabria
Thermochimica Acta, 2006Co-Authors: S Perez, C J Renedo, Mario Manana, A Ortiz, D. SilióAbstract:Abstract This work studied the potential use of the waste from Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus nitens as energy crops, evaluating young and adult stages of both in all four seasons of the year with different moisture contents. The study was carried out made in Cantabria (North coast of Spain), located at latitude 43°28′N, and longitude 3°48′W. In this region, 29,513 ha are dedicated to the growth of Eucalyptus , with about 80% E. globulus , and 20% E. nitens . Six different plantations have been analyzed and their bioclimatic diagrams determined. After the collection of samples the potential energy of every sample was obtained, they were weighed, analyzed and burned, giving a mean Net Calorific Value of 17,384 and 17,927 kJ/kg in the adult stage of E. globulus and E. nitens , respectively. The results for the young stage of both species were 17,708 and 18,670 kJ/kg. Moisture content in the samples has a great influence on power production. Finally, the economic and environmental consequences of these crop species for the region of Cantabria were analyzed.
B. M. J. Herbert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The use of commercial and industrial waste in energy recovery systems - a UK preliminary study
Waste Management, 2011Co-Authors: Christopher J. Lupa, L J Ricketts, Andrew J. Sweetman, B. M. J. HerbertAbstract:With 2020 energy targets set out by the EU fast approaching, the UK is trying to source a higher proportion of its energy from renewable resources. Coupled with this, a growing population and increasing trends in consumer demand have resulted in national waste loads increasing. A possible solution to both issues is energy-from-waste (EfW) technologies. Many studies have focused on municipal solid waste (MSW) as a potential feedstock, but appear to overlook the potential benefits of commercial and industrial waste (C&IW). In this study, samples of C&IW were collected from three North West waste management companies and Lancaster University campus. The samples were tested for their gross and Net Calorific Value, moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, and also elemental composition to determine their suitability in EfW systems. Intra-sample analysis showed there to be little variation between samples with the exception two samples, from waste management site 3, which showed extensive variation with regards to Net Calorific Value, ash content, and elemental analysis. Comparisons with known fuel types revealed similarities between the sampled C&IW, MSW, and refuse derived fuel (RDF) thereby justifying its potential for use in EfW systems. Mean Net Calorific Value (NCV) was calculated as 9.47 MJ/kg and concentrations of sulphur, nitrogen, and chlorine were found to be below 2%. Potential electrical output was calculated using the NCV of the sampled C&IW coupled with four differing energy generation technologies. Using a conventional incinerator with steam cycle, total electrical output was calculated as 24.9 GWh, based on a plant operating at 100,000 tpa. This Value rose to 27.0 GWh when using an integrated gasification combined cycle. A final aspect of this study was to deduce the potential total national electrical output if all suitable C&IW were to be used in EfW systems. Using incineration coupled with a steam turbine, this was determined to be 6 TWh, 1.9% of the national demand thereby contributing 6.5% towards the UK's 2020 renewable electricity target.
J. Malaťák - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Data for: Effects of selected white-rot fungi on the Calorific Value of beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.)
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2019Co-Authors: Jacek Piętka, Arkadiusz Gendek, J. Malaťák, J. Velebil, Tadeusz MoskalikAbstract:Abstract The emerging climate change risks have drawn increased attention to renewable energy sources, including forest biomass. However, the quality of fuelwood is often compromised by a variety of fungi. The purpose of the present study was to determine selected energy parameters of beech wood affected by four species of white-rot fungi: Grifola frondosa, Hericium coralloides, Meripilus giganteus, and Trametes gibbosa . Wood degradation was studied under laboratory conditions. On days 60 and 120 after inoculation, beech wood samples were analysed in terms of moisture content, density, elemental composition (C, H, N, S, O), ash content, as well as gross and Net Calorific Value. Reference data were provided by measurements of healthy wood. Elemental analysis indicated small differences in absolute Values between healthy and affected wood. White rot led to a slight decrease in C and H and an increase in O. In addition, a significant rise in moisture content was observed (by more than 100%). These factors reduced the Net Calorific Value of healthy beech wood (18.37 MJ kg −1 ) by 0.3 MJ kg −1 ( T. gibbosa ) to 0.5 MJ kg −1 ( H. coralloides ) after 120 days of the experiment. In terms of the amount of energy contained in a unit of volume, the initial Net Calorific Value of 11.6 GJ m -3 decreased significantly by 18.1% ( H. coralloides ) to 33.6% (T. gibbosa ).
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Chemical, stoichiometric and thermal analysis of fatty acid methyl esters from processed animal fat
Research in Agricultural Engineering, 2018Co-Authors: J. Malaťák, L. Škarková, A. ProškováAbstract:Malaťak J., Skarkova L., Proskova A., 2013. Chemical, stoichiometric and thermal analysis of fatty acid me thyl esters from processed animal fat . Res. Agr. Eng., 59: 83–90. The paper focuses on liquid biofuel raised by transesterification of processed animal fat from rendering plant produc tion suitable for energy use. The objective of the paper is to carry out an element analysis and stoichiometric analysis of selected samples of fuel from rendering plant production and to compare them with classic elements. The results of the analyses prove higher Values of nitrogen concentration in the samples from rendering plant fat. In case of the samples of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) from it a reduction of nitrogen was proved even if the Values are still higher than at fatty acid methyl esters rape oil. Concerning the concentration of sulphur and chlorine in the samples of both rendering plant fat and FAME from it their concentration concerning the limiting Values do not cause any problem. The Net Calorific Value of the analysed samples is slightly lower. The Net Calorific Value of the samples is particularly reduced by the higher amount of ash and by the oxygen concentration in the sample itself. Higher amount of ash in the fuel increases the amount of solid emissions.
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Heat-emission analysis of small combustion equipments for biomass
Research in Agricultural Engineering, 2018Co-Authors: J. Malaťák, L. PassianAbstract:Malaťak J., Passian L. , 2011. Heat-emission analysis of small combustion equipments for biomass . Res. Agr. Eng., 57: 37–50. The article addresses the urgent questions regarding the use of biomass as a fuel for combustion equipment of the heat output up to 25 kW. The article is based on the determined elemental analyses of six samples of fuel taken both from the wood mass and herbaceous biomass. These samples underwent the stoichiometric analysis of fuels. After the stoi chiometric analysis the heat-emission characteristics were determined on two combustion equipments. The results of carried out elemental and stoichiometric analyses indicate higher Values of nitrogen, sulphur and chlorine concentration in herbaceous biomass from agriculture compared to the analyzed wood mass. The selection of combustion equipment is particularly influenced by increased contents of sulphur and chlorine (corrosive behaviour). The Net Calorific Value of the analyzed samples taken from the wood mass is higher than of samples taken from the herbaceous biomass. The Net Calorific Value of fuels from herbaceous biomass is reduced due to a higher content of ashes in the fuel. The results of thermal-emission analyses show higher Values of nitrogen oxides, sulphur and chlorine concentrations in the her baceous biomass compared to the analyzed wood mass. The emission concentrations of carbon monoxide for wood fuels and herbaceous biomass also depend on the type of combustion equipment and setting of combustion air volume. The increased emissions of hydrogen chloride generated by various combustion equipments are primarily caused by the volume of combustion air and the amount of chlorine in the fuel itself. The higher the volume of combustion air brought into the combustion chamber is, the higher the emissions of hydrogen chloride are. Based on the analyses we can also draw a conclusion that the spaces of combustion equipment during combustion should be most burdened with the herbaceous biomass.
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Chemical, stoichiometric and thermal analysis of fatty acid methyl esters from processed animal fat
Research in Agricultural Engineering, 2013Co-Authors: J. Malaťák, L. Škarková, A. ProškováAbstract:The paper focuses on liquid biofuel raised by transesterification of processed animal fat from rendering plant production suitable for energy use. The objective of the paper is to carry out an element analysis and stoichiometric analysis of selected samples of fuel from rendering plant production and to compare them with classic elements. The results of the analyses prove higher Values of nitrogen concentration in the samples from rendering plant fat. In case of the samples of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) from it a reduction of nitrogen was proved even if the Values are still higher than at fatty acid methyl esters rape oil. Concerning the concentration of sulphur and chlorine in the samples of both rendering plant fat and FAME from it their concentration concerning the limiting Values do not cause any problem. The Net Calorific Value of the analysed samples is slightly lower. The Net Calorific Value of the samples is particularly reduced by the higher amount of ash and by the oxygen concentration in the sample itself. Higher amount of ash in the fuel increases the amount of solid emissions.
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Heat-emission analysis of small combustion equipments for biomass
Research in Agricultural Engineering, 2011Co-Authors: J. Malaťák, L. PassianAbstract:The article addresses the urgent questions regarding the use of biomass as a fuel for combustion equipment of the heat output up to 25 kW. The article is based on the determined elemental analyses of six samples of fuel taken both from the wood mass and herbaceous biomass. These samples underwent the stoichiometric analysis of fuels. After the stoichiometric analysis the heat-emission characteristics were determined on two combustion equipments. The results of carried out elemental and stoichiometric analyses indicate higher Values of nitrogen, sulphur and chlorine concentration in herbaceous biomass from agriculture compared to the analyzed wood mass. The selection of combustion equipment is particularly influenced by increased contents of sulphur and chlorine (corrosive behaviour). The Net Calorific Value of the analyzed samples taken from the wood mass is higher than of samples taken from the herbaceous biomass. The Net Calorific Value of fuels from herbaceous biomass is reduced due to a higher content of ashes in the fuel. The results of thermal-emission analyses show higher Values of nitrogen oxides, sulphur and chlorine concentrations in the herbaceous biomass compared to the analyzed wood mass. The emission concentrations of carbon monoxide for wood fuels and herbaceous biomass also depend on the type of combustion equipment and setting of combustion air volume. The increased emissions of hydrogen chloride generated by various combustion equipments are primarily caused by the volume of combustion air and the amount of chlorine in the fuel itself. The higher the volume of combustion air brought into the combustion chamber is, the higher the emissions of hydrogen chloride are. Based on the analyses we can also draw a conclusion that the spaces of combustion equipment during combustion should be most burdened with the herbaceous biomass.
C J Renedo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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energy potential of waste from 10 forest species in the north of spain cantabria
Bioresource Technology, 2008Co-Authors: S Perez, C J Renedo, A Ortiz, Mario MananaAbstract:Abstract In this work, the waste from 10 forest species of Cantabria have been characterized from the point of view of energy. The studied species were the waste of: Eucalyptus globulus, Eucalyptus nitens , the hybrid E. globulus × E. nitens , Eucalyptus viminalis, Eucalyptus smithii, Eucalyptus regnans , Eucalyptus gunni, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur and Pinus radiata . The leaves were the tree part with the greatest NCV (Net Calorific Value) in all the species. The best results were obtained for the leaves of E. smithii (24.5 MJ/kg), F. sylvatica (22.8 MJ/kg) and E. nitens (22.5 MJ/kg), at minimum moisture. Values around 65,000 MJ per hectare and year were obtained for the Eucalyptus spp., and 47,000 MJ per hectare and year for the P. radiata . The economic-environmental analysis revealed that the use of the forest waste for energy production would mean an approximate annual income of 8 M€ and would fix the annual CO 2 emitted by the Cantabrian industries at 78%.
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energy evaluation of the eucalyptus globulus and the eucalyptus nitens in the north of spain cantabria
Thermochimica Acta, 2006Co-Authors: S Perez, C J Renedo, Mario Manana, A Ortiz, D. SilióAbstract:Abstract This work studied the potential use of the waste from Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus nitens as energy crops, evaluating young and adult stages of both in all four seasons of the year with different moisture contents. The study was carried out made in Cantabria (North coast of Spain), located at latitude 43°28′N, and longitude 3°48′W. In this region, 29,513 ha are dedicated to the growth of Eucalyptus , with about 80% E. globulus , and 20% E. nitens . Six different plantations have been analyzed and their bioclimatic diagrams determined. After the collection of samples the potential energy of every sample was obtained, they were weighed, analyzed and burned, giving a mean Net Calorific Value of 17,384 and 17,927 kJ/kg in the adult stage of E. globulus and E. nitens , respectively. The results for the young stage of both species were 17,708 and 18,670 kJ/kg. Moisture content in the samples has a great influence on power production. Finally, the economic and environmental consequences of these crop species for the region of Cantabria were analyzed.