The Experts below are selected from a list of 1064508 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Peter J. Crack - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Type-1 interferons contribute to oxygen glucose deprivation induced Neuro-Inflammation in BE(2) M17 human neuroblastoma cells
Journal of neuroinflammation, 2014Co-Authors: Myles R. Minter, Moses Zhang, Robert Ates, Juliet M. Taylor, Peter J. CrackAbstract:Background Hypoxic-ischaemic injuries such as stroke and traumatic brain injury exhibit features of a distinct neuro-inflammatory response in the hours and days post-injury. Microglial activation, elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines and macrophage infiltration contribute to core tissue damage and contribute to secondary injury within a region termed the penumbra. Type-1 interferons (IFNs) are a super-family of pleiotropic cytokines that regulate pro-inflammatory gene transcription via the classical Jak/Stat pathway; however their role in hypoxia-ischaemia and central nervous system Neuro-Inflammation remains unknown. Using an in vitro approach, this study investigated the role of type-1 IFN signalling in an inflammatory setting induced by oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD).
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Modulation of Neuro-Inflammation and vascular response by oxidative stress following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Current medicinal chemistry, 2008Co-Authors: Connie H.y. Wong, Peter J. CrackAbstract:The mechanisms leading to cellular damage from ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury are complex and multi-factorial. Accumulating evidence suggests an important role for oxidative stress in the regulation of Neuro-Inflammation following stroke. Gene expression studies have revealed that the increase in oxygen radicals post-ischemia triggers the expression of a number of pro-inflammatory genes. These genes are regulated by the transcription factor, nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-kappaB) which is redox-sensitive. It is hypothesised that changes in the oxidative state may modulate alterations in the neuro-inflammatory response following an I/R injury. Furthermore, NF-kappaB is involved in the transcriptional regulation of adhesion molecules, which play an important role in leukocyte-endothelium interactions. Recent studies have demonstrated that adhesion molecule-mediated leukocyte recruitment is associated with increased tissue damage in stroke, while mice lacking key adhesion molecules conferred neuro-protection. Nevertheless, the involvement of oxidative stress in leukocyte recruitment and the subsequent regulated cell injury is yet to be elucidated. While leukocyte infiltration into the ischemic brain is detrimental, leukocyte accumulation in the microvasculature was shown to be one of the many factors implicated in reduced reperfusion. Although this "no-reflow" phenomenon was confirmed in a variety of animal models of cerebral ischemia, the exact mechanism is still uncertain. This review aims to highlight the impact that oxidative stress has in the regulation of post-ischemic Neuro-Inflammation and the implication for the cerebral microvasculature after injury.
Arthi Kanthasamy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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MITO-APOCYNIN, A NOVEL MITOCHONDRIA-TARGETED DERIVATIVE OF APOCYNIN, INHIBITS NLRP3 INFLAMMASOME ACTIVATION IN PRIMARY MURINE MICROGLIA IN DOPAMINERGIC NEUROTOXIC MODELS
The FASEB Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Souvarish Sarkar, Nikhil Panicker, Matthew L. Neal, Dilshan S. Harischandra, Huajun Jin, Vellareddy Anantharam, Balaraman Kalyanaraman, Arthi KanthasamyAbstract:The NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway has recently been recognized as a major player in Neuro-Inflammation in the CNS. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are known to play key roles ...
Sanda Vladimirkneževic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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multiple pharmacological and toxicological investigations on tanacetum parthenium and salix alba extracts focus on potential application as anti migraine agents
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2019Co-Authors: Viviana Di Giacomo, Claudio Ferrante, Annalisa Chiavaroli, Monica Rapino, Valentina Di Valerio, Sheila Leone, Lucia Recinella, Maurizio Ronci, Amelia Cataldi, Sanda VladimirkneževicAbstract:Abstract Migraine is one of the most common neurological disorder, which has long been related to brain serotonin (5-HT) depletion and Neuro-Inflammation. Despite many treatment options are available, the frequent occurrence of unacceptable adverse effects further supports the research toward nutraceuticals and herbal preparations, among which Tanacetum parthenium and Salix alba showed promising anti-inflammatory and neuro-modulatory activities. The impact of extract treatment on astrocyte viability, spontaneous migration and apoptosis was evaluated. Anti-inflammatory/anti-oxidant effects were investigated on isolated rat cortexes exposed to a neurotoxic stimulus. The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, nitrite levels and 5-HT turnover were evaluated, as well. A proteomic analysis was focused on specific neuronal proteins and a fingerprint analysis was carried out on selected phenolic compounds. Both extracts appeared able to exert in vitro anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic effects. S. alba and T. parthenium extracts reduced LDH release, nitrite levels and 5-HT turnover induced by neurotoxic stimulus. The downregulation of selected proteins suggest a neurotoxicity, which could be ascribed to an elevated content of gallic acid in both S. alba and T. parthenium extracts. Concluding, both extracts exert neuroprotective effects, although the downregulation of key proteins involved in neuron physiology suggest caution in their use as food supplements.
Richard W. Price - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HIV-1 infection and associations with inflammation, blood-brain barrier permeability and neuronal injury.
The Journal of infectious diseases, 2020Co-Authors: Wei Jiang, Zhenwu Luo, Sophie Stephenson, Clara Di Germanio, Philip J. Norris, Dietmar Fuchs, Henrik Zetterberg, Magnus Gisslén, Richard W. PriceAbstract:HIV infection is associated with increased systemic microbial translocation, Neuro-Inflammation and occasionally neuronal injury. Whether systemic LPS penetrates into the brain and contributes to Neuro-Inflammation remain unknown in HIV. Here, we measured plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) LPS levels along with biomarkers of Neuro-Inflammation (white blood cell counts and 40 soluble markers) and neurofilament light chain (NfL). Notably, CSF LPS was undetectable in all samples, including three HIV-infected individuals with dementia. Increased plasma LPS, Neuro-Inflammation, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction were found in untreated HIV-infected individuals, but not in healthy or treated HIV-infected individuals. Plasma LPS levels were directly correlated with various markers of inflammation in both plasma and CSF, as well as with degree of BBB permeability but not with CSF NfL in HIV-infected subjects. These results suggest that the magnitude of microbial translocation associates with Neuro-Inflammation and BBB permeability in HIV without direct penetration into the central nervous system (CNS).
Bodi Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Neuro-Inflammation, blood-brain barrier, seizures and autism
Journal of neuroinflammation, 2011Co-Authors: Theoharis C. Theoharides, Bodi ZhangAbstract:Many children with Autism Spectrum Diseases (ASD) present with seizure activity, but the pathogenesis is not understood. Recent evidence indicates that Neuro-Inflammation could contribute to seizures. We hypothesize that brain mast cell activation due to allergic, environmental and/or stress triggers could lead to focal disruption of the blood-brain barrier and Neuro-Inflammation, thus contributing to the development of seizures. Treating Neuro-Inflammation may be useful when anti-seizure medications are ineffective.