The Experts below are selected from a list of 22833 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jeffrey G Tasker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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rapid nongenomic glucocorticoid actions in male mouse hypothalamic Neuroendocrine Cells are dependent on the nuclear glucocorticoid receptor
Endocrinology, 2015Co-Authors: Jebun Nahar, Juhee Haam, Chun Chen, Zhiying Jiang, Nicholas R Glatzer, Louis J Muglia, Gary P Dohanich, James P Herman, Jeffrey G TaskerAbstract:Corticosteroids act classically via cognate nuclear receptors to regulate gene transcription; however, increasing evidence supports rapid, nontranscriptional corticosteroid actions via activation of membrane receptors. Using whole-cell patch clamp recordings in hypothalamic slices from male mouse genetic models, we tested for nongenomic glucocorticoid actions at glutamate and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) synapses in hypothalamic Neuroendocrine Cells, and for their dependence on the nuclear glucocorticoid receptor (GR). In enhanced green fluorescent protein-expressing CRH neurons of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and in magnocellular neurons of the PVN and supraoptic nucleus (SON), dexamethasone activated postsynaptic membrane-associated receptors and G protein signaling to elicit a rapid suppression of excitatory postsynaptic inputs, which was blocked by genetic deletion of type I cannabinoid receptors and a type I cannabinoid receptor antagonist. In magnocellular neurons, dexamethasone also elicited...
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Somato-dendritic mechanisms underlying the electrophysiological properties of hypothalamic magnocellular Neuroendocrine Cells: A multicompartmental model study
Journal of Computational Neuroscience, 2007Co-Authors: Alexander O. Komendantov, Natalia A. Trayanova, Jeffrey G TaskerAbstract:Magnocellular Neuroendocrine Cells (MNCs) of the hypothalamus synthesize the neurohormones vasopressin and oxytocin, which are released into the blood and exert a wide spectrum of actions, including the regulation of cardiovascular and reproductive functions. Vasopressin- and oxytocin-secreting neurons have similar morphological structure and electrophysiological characteristics. A realistic multicompartmental model of a MNC with a bipolar branching structure was developed and calibrated based on morphological and in vitro electrophysiological data in order to explore the roles of ion currents and intracellular calcium dynamics in the intrinsic electrical MNC properties. The model was used to determine the likely distributions of ion conductances in morphologically distinct parts of the MNCs: soma, primary dendrites and secondary dendrites. While reproducing the general electrophysiological features of MNCs, the model demonstrates that the differential spatial distributions of ion channels influence the functional expression of MNC properties, and reveals the potential importance of dendritic conductances in these properties.
Jaideep S Bains - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Glutamatergic synaptic transmission in Neuroendocrine Cells: Basic principles and mechanisms of plasticity.
Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, 2010Co-Authors: Karl J. Iremonger, Adrienne M. Benediktsson, Jaideep S BainsAbstract:Abstract Glutamate synapses drive the output of Neuroendocrine Cells in the hypothalamus, but until recently, relatively little was known about the fundamental properties of transmission at these synapses. Here we review recent advances in the understanding of glutamate signals in magnocellular neurosecretory Cells (MNCs) in the paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic nuclei (SON) of the hypothalamus that serve as the last step in synaptic integration before neurohormone release. While these synapses exhibit many similarities with other glutamate synapses described throughout the brain, they also exhibit a number of unique properties that are particularly well suited to the physiology of this system and will be discussed here. In addition, a number of recent studies begin to provide insights into new forms of synaptic plasticity that may be common in other brain regions, but in these Cells, may serve important adaptive roles.
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brain derived neurotrophic factor silences gaba synapses onto hypothalamic Neuroendocrine Cells through a postsynaptic dynamin mediated mechanism
Journal of Neurophysiology, 2006Co-Authors: Sarah A Hewitt, Jaideep S BainsAbstract:In the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), experimental stress paradigms that suppress γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) inputs to parvocellular Neuroendocrine Cells (PNCs) also increase th...
Hisatsugu Koshimizu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Biogenesis and Transport of Secretory Granules to Release Site in Neuroendocrine Cells
Journal of Molecular Neuroscience, 2008Co-Authors: Joshua J. Park, Hisatsugu KoshimizuAbstract:Biogenesis and post-Golgi transport of peptidergic secretory granules to the release site are crucial for secretion of neuropeptides from Neuroendocrine Cells. Recent studies have uncovered multilevel molecular mechanisms for the regulation of secretory granule biogenesis. Insulinoma-associated protein 2 (ICA512/IA-2), polypyrimidine-tract binding protein, and chromogranin A have been identified to regulate secretory granule biogenesis at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational levels, respectively, by increasing granule protein levels, which in turn drives granule formation after stimulation. Post-Golgi transport of secretory granules is microtubule-based and mediated by transmembrane carboxypeptidase E (CPE). The cytoplasmic tail of CPE anchors secretory granules to the microtubule motors, kinesin-2 and -3, or dynein, via interaction with the adaptor, dynactin, to mediate anterograde and retrograde transport, respectively.
Kari Alitalo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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vegf c and vegf d expression in Neuroendocrine Cells and their receptor vegfr 3 in fenestrated blood vessels in human tissues
The FASEB Journal, 2000Co-Authors: Taina A Partanen, Johanna Arola, Anne Saaristo, Lotta Jussila, Ari Ora, Markku Miettinen, Steven A Stacker, Marc G Achen, Kari AlitaloAbstract:Recently, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3) has been shown to provide a specific marker for lymphatic endothelia in certain human tissues. In this study, we have investigated the expression of VEGFR-3 and its ligands VEGF-C and VEGF-D in fetal and adult tissues. VEGFR-3 was consistently detected in the endothelium of lymphatic vessels such as the thoracic duct, but fenestrated capillaries of several organs including the bone marrow, splenic and hepatic sinusoids, kidney glomeruli and endocrine glands also expressed this receptor. VEGF-C and VEGF-D, which bind both VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 were expressed in vascular smooth muscle Cells. In addition, intense cytoplasmic staining for VEGF-C was observed in Neuroendocrine Cells such as the α Cells of the islets of Langerhans, prolactin secreting Cells of the anterior pituitary, adrenal medullary Cells, and dispersed Neuroendocrine Cells of the gastrointestinal tract. VEGF-D was observed in the innermost zone of the adrenal cortex and in certa...
Jeffrey I Gordon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a transgenic mouse model of metastatic prostate cancer originating from Neuroendocrine Cells
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1998Co-Authors: Emily M Garabedian, Peter A Humphrey, Jeffrey I GordonAbstract:A transgenic mouse model of metastatic prostate cancer has been developed that is 100% penetrant in multiple pedigrees. Nucleotides −6500 to +34 of the mouse cryptdin-2 gene were used to direct expression of simian virus 40 T antigen to a subset of Neuroendocrine Cells in all lobes of the FVB/N mouse prostate. Transgene expression is initiated between 7 and 8 weeks of age and leads to development of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia within a week. Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia progresses rapidly to local invasion. Metastases to lymph nodes, liver, lung, and bone are common by 6 months. Tumorigenesis is not dependent on androgens. This model indicates that the Neuroendocrine cell lineage of the prostate is exquisitely sensitive to transformation and provides insights about the significance of Neuroendocrine differentiation in human prostate cancer.
