The Experts below are selected from a list of 4347 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Chiaki Iwakura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Capacity Retention Characteristics of Nickel/Metal Hydride Batteries with Polymer Hydrogel Electrolyte
    Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, 2005
    Co-Authors: Chiaki Iwakura, Kei Ikoma, Shinji Nohara, Naoji Furukawa, Hiroshi Inoue
    Abstract:

    Capacity retention characteristics of Nickel/Metal Hydride (Ni/MH) batteries with polymer hydrogel electrolyte prepared from cross-linked potassium poly(acrylate) and a 7.3 M KOH aqueous solution were investigated. The experimental Ni/MH cell with the polymer hydrogel electrolyte exhibited much better capacity retention than that with a 7.3 M KOH aqueous solution at 25°C. It was also found that the polymer hydrogel electrolyte suppressed both reversible and irreversible capacity losses. The effects were fairly remarkable at relatively high temperature, such as 55°C. These characteristics of the polymer hydrogel electrolyte can be significant advantages for use in the practical Ni/MH batteries.

  • Self‐Discharge Mechanism of Sealed‐Type Nickel/Metal‐Hydride Battery
    Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 1996
    Co-Authors: Munehisa Ikoma, Yasuko Hoshina, Isao Matsumoto, Chiaki Iwakura
    Abstract:

    Factors affecting the self-discharge rate of a Nickel/Metal-Hydride (Ni-MH) battery, generally much higher than that of Nickel/cadmium (Ni-Cd) battery, are investigated, and the self-discharge mechanism is discussed. Ammonia and amine participate in the shuttle reaction like nitrate ion in the Ni-Cd battery, resulting in acceleration of the self-discharge. When nonwoven fabric made of sulfonated-polypropylene is used as a separator instead of conventional polyamide separator, the self-discharge rate of the Ni-MH battery is strongly depressed, to the same level as that of Ni-Cd battery.

  • self discharge mechanism of sealed type Nickel Metal Hydride battery
    Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 1996
    Co-Authors: Munehisa Ikoma, Yasuko Hoshina, Isao Matsumoto, Chiaki Iwakura
    Abstract:

    Factors affecting the self-discharge rate of a Nickel/Metal-Hydride (Ni-MH) battery, generally much higher than that of Nickel/cadmium (Ni-Cd) battery, are investigated, and the self-discharge mechanism is discussed. Ammonia and amine participate in the shuttle reaction like nitrate ion in the Ni-Cd battery, resulting in acceleration of the self-discharge. When nonwoven fabric made of sulfonated-polypropylene is used as a separator instead of conventional polyamide separator, the self-discharge rate of the Ni-MH battery is strongly depressed, to the same level as that of Ni-Cd battery.

Srinivasan Venkatesan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Nickel-Metal Hydride Electric Vehicle Batteries Through Materials Science Advances
    MRS Proceedings, 2011
    Co-Authors: Srinivasan Venkatesan, M.a. Fetcenko, P.r. Gifford, S.k. Dhar, Dennis A. Corrigan, Stanford R. Ovshinsky
    Abstract:

    Proprietary, multicomponent hydrogen storage materials have been developed making use of the principles of disorder by atomic engineering of the short-range and intermediate-range order. These materials form the basis for Ovonic Nickel-Metal Hydride batteries which have emerged as the leading battery technology for electric vehicle applications. Ovonic Batteries have the highest volumetric energy density available extending the practical range of electric vehicles from under 100 miles to over 200 miles.

  • development of advanced Nickel Metal Hydride batteries for electric and hybrid vehicles
    Journal of Power Sources, 1999
    Co-Authors: P.r. Gifford, Dennis A. Corrigan, John Adams, Srinivasan Venkatesan
    Abstract:

    Abstract Nickel/Metal Hydride (Ni/MH) batteries have emerged as the battery technology of choice for electric vehicles. GM Ovonic L.L.C., a joint venture between General Motors and Ovonic Battery was established in 1994 to manufacture and commercialize Ovonic's proprietary Ni/MH batteries for electric and hybrid vehicle applications. GM Ovonic is developing a `family of batteries' aimed at product improvement and cost reduction. Current performance of these new battery designs is described, as well as projections for future improvements. In addition, advances in cell and battery power have allowed further product diversification into cells and batteries specifically designed for a range of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs).

  • Development of advanced Nickel/Metal Hydride batteries for electric and hybrid vehicles
    Journal of Power Sources, 1999
    Co-Authors: Paul Gifford, Dennis Corrigan, John Adams, Srinivasan Venkatesan
    Abstract:

    Nickel/Metal Hydride (Ni/MH) batteries have emerged as the battery technology of choice for electric vehicles. GM Ovonic L.L.C., a joint venture between General Motors and Ovonic Battery was established in 1994 to manufacture and commercialize Ovonic's proprietary Ni/MH batteries for electric and hybrid vehicle applications. GM Ovonic is developing a `family of batteries' aimed at product improvement and cost reduction. Current performance of these new battery designs is described, as well as projections for future improvements. In addition, advances in cell and battery power have allowed further product diversification into cells and batteries specifically designed for a range of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs).

  • Nickel/Metal Hydride technology for consumer and electric vehicle batteries : a review and up-date
    Journal of Power Sources, 1997
    Co-Authors: S.k. Dhar, M.a. Fetcenko, P.r. Gifford, Dennis A. Corrigan, Stanford R. Ovshinsky, Srinivasan Venkatesan
    Abstract:

    Abstract Nickel/Metal Hydride batteries today represent the fastest growing market segment for rechargeable batteries due to the high energy density and more environmentally acceptable chemistry offered by this technology. The high energy density of Nickel/Metal Hydride batteries coupled with high power density and long cycle life make this battery chemistry a key enabling technology for practical electric vehicles, including cars, vans, trucks, and other forms of transportation such as scooters, bicycles, and three-wheelers. This paper provides a review of Ovonic technology and up-dates recent developments in materials and cell development for both consumer electronic and EV applications, and highlights areas for future development.

  • Advances in Ovonic Nickel Metal Hydride batteries for electric and hybrid vehicles
    1994
    Co-Authors: P.r. Gifford, Srinivasan Venkatesan, D.a. Corrigan, S.k. Dhar, Fetcenko, Arthur Holland, Stanford R. Ovshinsky
    Abstract:

    Electric vehicle (EV) technology has been limited by the availability of suitable battery technology to provide the required vehicle range and performance at acceptable cost. Ovonic Battery Co. has developed a proprietary Nickel Metal Hydride battery that provides the required advances in battery technology. This technology is based on the application of multi-element, multi-phase Hydride alloys developed for use as negative electrode materials. Ovonic batteries have demonstrated high energy and power density, long cycle life, excellent overcharge and overdischarge tolerance, and wide operating temperature range. An overview of cell and battery performance is presented as well as results discussed for EVs powered by Ovonic batteries. 20 refs.

Keith Scott - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • recycling of Nickel Metal Hydride batteries i dissolution and solvent extraction of Metals
    Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2004
    Co-Authors: N. Tzanetakis, Keith Scott
    Abstract:

    Nickel–Metal Hydride batteries contain valuable Metallic components and although they are not considered a hazardous waste, recovery of these materials is necessary from an economic point of view. In this work a hydroMetallurgical method for the dissolution and separation of the Metals from cylindrical Nickel–Metal Hydride rechargeable batteries was investigated. Hydrochloric acid was employed as the leaching agent to dissolve the Metals from the batteries. Dissolution of Metals was investigated as a function of acid concentration, leaching time and temperature. Suitable conditions for maximum Metal dissolution were 3 h leaching with 4.0 mol dm−3 hydrochloric acid solutions at 95 °C. Extraction of 98% of Nickel, 100% of cobalt and 99% of rare earth elements was achieved under these conditions. Separation of the rare earths from Nickel and cobalt was preliminarily investigated by single batch solvent extraction with 25% bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid. Efficient separation via complete extraction of the rare earths was obtained at a pH of approximately 2.5 while leaving Nickel and cobalt in the raffinate. A shrinking particle model which can enable, under certain conditions, evaluation of the extent of Metal dissolution present in Nickel–Metal Hydride batteries was developed. A proposed electrochemical recovery of Nickel and cobalt is also briefly discussed. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry

  • recycling of Nickel Metal Hydride batteries i dissolution and solvent extraction of Metals
    Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2004
    Co-Authors: N. Tzanetakis, Keith Scott
    Abstract:

    Nickel–Metal Hydride batteries contain valuable Metallic components and although they are not considered a hazardous waste, recovery of these materials is necessary from an economic point of view. In this work a hydroMetallurgical method for the dissolution and separation of the Metals from cylindrical Nickel–Metal Hydride rechargeable batteries was investigated. Hydrochloric acid was employed as the leaching agent to dissolve the Metals from the batteries. Dissolution of Metals was investigated as a function of acid concentration, leaching time and temperature. Suitable conditions for maximum Metal dissolution were 3 h leaching with 4.0 mol dm−3 hydrochloric acid solutions at 95 °C. Extraction of 98% of Nickel, 100% of cobalt and 99% of rare earth elements was achieved under these conditions. Separation of the rare earths from Nickel and cobalt was preliminarily investigated by single batch solvent extraction with 25% bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid. Efficient separation via complete extraction of the rare earths was obtained at a pH of approximately 2.5 while leaving Nickel and cobalt in the raffinate. A shrinking particle model which can enable, under certain conditions, evaluation of the extent of Metal dissolution present in Nickel–Metal Hydride batteries was developed. A proposed electrochemical recovery of Nickel and cobalt is also briefly discussed. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry

  • Recycling of Nickel–Metal Hydride batteries. I: Dissolution and solvent extraction of Metals
    Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2004
    Co-Authors: N. Tzanetakis, Keith Scott
    Abstract:

    Nickel–Metal Hydride batteries contain valuable Metallic components and although they are not considered a hazardous waste, recovery of these materials is necessary from an economic point of view. In this work a hydroMetallurgical method for the dissolution and separation of the Metals from cylindrical Nickel–Metal Hydride rechargeable batteries was investigated. Hydrochloric acid was employed as the leaching agent to dissolve the Metals from the batteries. Dissolution of Metals was investigated as a function of acid concentration, leaching time and temperature. Suitable conditions for maximum Metal dissolution were 3 h leaching with 4.0 mol dm−3 hydrochloric acid solutions at 95 °C. Extraction of 98% of Nickel, 100% of cobalt and 99% of rare earth elements was achieved under these conditions. Separation of the rare earths from Nickel and cobalt was preliminarily investigated by single batch solvent extraction with 25% bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid. Efficient separation via complete extraction of the rare earths was obtained at a pH of approximately 2.5 while leaving Nickel and cobalt in the raffinate. A shrinking particle model which can enable, under certain conditions, evaluation of the extent of Metal dissolution present in Nickel–Metal Hydride batteries was developed. A proposed electrochemical recovery of Nickel and cobalt is also briefly discussed. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry

Munehisa Ikoma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • self discharge mechanism of sealed type Nickel Metal Hydride battery
    Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 1996
    Co-Authors: Munehisa Ikoma, Yasuko Hoshina, Isao Matsumoto, Chiaki Iwakura
    Abstract:

    Factors affecting the self-discharge rate of a Nickel/Metal-Hydride (Ni-MH) battery, generally much higher than that of Nickel/cadmium (Ni-Cd) battery, are investigated, and the self-discharge mechanism is discussed. Ammonia and amine participate in the shuttle reaction like nitrate ion in the Ni-Cd battery, resulting in acceleration of the self-discharge. When nonwoven fabric made of sulfonated-polypropylene is used as a separator instead of conventional polyamide separator, the self-discharge rate of the Ni-MH battery is strongly depressed, to the same level as that of Ni-Cd battery.

  • Self‐Discharge Mechanism of Sealed‐Type Nickel/Metal‐Hydride Battery
    Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 1996
    Co-Authors: Munehisa Ikoma, Yasuko Hoshina, Isao Matsumoto, Chiaki Iwakura
    Abstract:

    Factors affecting the self-discharge rate of a Nickel/Metal-Hydride (Ni-MH) battery, generally much higher than that of Nickel/cadmium (Ni-Cd) battery, are investigated, and the self-discharge mechanism is discussed. Ammonia and amine participate in the shuttle reaction like nitrate ion in the Ni-Cd battery, resulting in acceleration of the self-discharge. When nonwoven fabric made of sulfonated-polypropylene is used as a separator instead of conventional polyamide separator, the self-discharge rate of the Ni-MH battery is strongly depressed, to the same level as that of Ni-Cd battery.

  • Development of a Nickel/Metal Hydride battery (Ni/MH) system for EV application
    1994
    Co-Authors: Munehisa Ikoma, Shinji Hamada, Nobuyasu Morishita, Yasuko Hoshina, Hiromu Matsuda, Kazuhiro Ohta, Tadao Kimura
    Abstract:

    In order to satisfy basic battery characteristics for electric vehicles (EV) such as specific energy, specific power and cycle life that are required for driving on urban streets, the authors have selected the valve-regulated lead acid battery as a conventional battery and the Nickel/Metal-Hydride battery as an advanced battery, and have been studying their development in order to put them into practical use by 1998. Regarding the Nickel/Metal-Hydride battery, excellent Nickel positive electrode with high temperature charge efficiency accomplished with additives such as Ca compounds, and an exceedingly good hydrogen absorbing alloy negative electrode with high capacity and long cycle life, achieved by adjustment of alloy composition, surface treatment, and control of binder and conductive additive have been developed to overcome difficulties in the scale-up of battery size. Modular batteries using this technology possess specific energy twice (70 Wh/kg) that of the lead-acid battery, and have superior specific power (160 Wh/kg) and cycle life. 5 refs.

N. Tzanetakis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • recycling of Nickel Metal Hydride batteries i dissolution and solvent extraction of Metals
    Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2004
    Co-Authors: N. Tzanetakis, Keith Scott
    Abstract:

    Nickel–Metal Hydride batteries contain valuable Metallic components and although they are not considered a hazardous waste, recovery of these materials is necessary from an economic point of view. In this work a hydroMetallurgical method for the dissolution and separation of the Metals from cylindrical Nickel–Metal Hydride rechargeable batteries was investigated. Hydrochloric acid was employed as the leaching agent to dissolve the Metals from the batteries. Dissolution of Metals was investigated as a function of acid concentration, leaching time and temperature. Suitable conditions for maximum Metal dissolution were 3 h leaching with 4.0 mol dm−3 hydrochloric acid solutions at 95 °C. Extraction of 98% of Nickel, 100% of cobalt and 99% of rare earth elements was achieved under these conditions. Separation of the rare earths from Nickel and cobalt was preliminarily investigated by single batch solvent extraction with 25% bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid. Efficient separation via complete extraction of the rare earths was obtained at a pH of approximately 2.5 while leaving Nickel and cobalt in the raffinate. A shrinking particle model which can enable, under certain conditions, evaluation of the extent of Metal dissolution present in Nickel–Metal Hydride batteries was developed. A proposed electrochemical recovery of Nickel and cobalt is also briefly discussed. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry

  • recycling of Nickel Metal Hydride batteries i dissolution and solvent extraction of Metals
    Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2004
    Co-Authors: N. Tzanetakis, Keith Scott
    Abstract:

    Nickel–Metal Hydride batteries contain valuable Metallic components and although they are not considered a hazardous waste, recovery of these materials is necessary from an economic point of view. In this work a hydroMetallurgical method for the dissolution and separation of the Metals from cylindrical Nickel–Metal Hydride rechargeable batteries was investigated. Hydrochloric acid was employed as the leaching agent to dissolve the Metals from the batteries. Dissolution of Metals was investigated as a function of acid concentration, leaching time and temperature. Suitable conditions for maximum Metal dissolution were 3 h leaching with 4.0 mol dm−3 hydrochloric acid solutions at 95 °C. Extraction of 98% of Nickel, 100% of cobalt and 99% of rare earth elements was achieved under these conditions. Separation of the rare earths from Nickel and cobalt was preliminarily investigated by single batch solvent extraction with 25% bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid. Efficient separation via complete extraction of the rare earths was obtained at a pH of approximately 2.5 while leaving Nickel and cobalt in the raffinate. A shrinking particle model which can enable, under certain conditions, evaluation of the extent of Metal dissolution present in Nickel–Metal Hydride batteries was developed. A proposed electrochemical recovery of Nickel and cobalt is also briefly discussed. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry

  • Recycling of Nickel–Metal Hydride batteries. I: Dissolution and solvent extraction of Metals
    Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2004
    Co-Authors: N. Tzanetakis, Keith Scott
    Abstract:

    Nickel–Metal Hydride batteries contain valuable Metallic components and although they are not considered a hazardous waste, recovery of these materials is necessary from an economic point of view. In this work a hydroMetallurgical method for the dissolution and separation of the Metals from cylindrical Nickel–Metal Hydride rechargeable batteries was investigated. Hydrochloric acid was employed as the leaching agent to dissolve the Metals from the batteries. Dissolution of Metals was investigated as a function of acid concentration, leaching time and temperature. Suitable conditions for maximum Metal dissolution were 3 h leaching with 4.0 mol dm−3 hydrochloric acid solutions at 95 °C. Extraction of 98% of Nickel, 100% of cobalt and 99% of rare earth elements was achieved under these conditions. Separation of the rare earths from Nickel and cobalt was preliminarily investigated by single batch solvent extraction with 25% bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid. Efficient separation via complete extraction of the rare earths was obtained at a pH of approximately 2.5 while leaving Nickel and cobalt in the raffinate. A shrinking particle model which can enable, under certain conditions, evaluation of the extent of Metal dissolution present in Nickel–Metal Hydride batteries was developed. A proposed electrochemical recovery of Nickel and cobalt is also briefly discussed. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry