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Colin F. J. O'donnell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Habitat use and Nocturnal Activity of lesser short‐tailed bats (Mystacina tuberculata) in comparison with long‐tailed bats (Chalinolobus tuberculatus) in temperate rainforest
New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 2010Co-Authors: Colin F. J. O'donnell, Jennifer E. Christie, Warren SimpsonAbstract:Abstract Habitat use and Nocturnal Activity patterns of the threatened lesser short‐tailed bat (Mystacina tuberculata) were sampled during late spring and early summer using automatic bat detector units in temperate beech (Nothofagus) rainforest in Fiord‐land, New Zealand. Detector units recorded the number of bats passing per hour as an index of Activity. Habitat use patterns were compared with long‐tailed bats (Chalinolobus tuberculatus) sampled concurrently. Activity levels in lesser short‐tailed bats varied significantly among five habitat types and amongst hours of the night. Of the total Activity recorded, most passes (82.6% of n = 657 bat passes) were in red beech forest >200 m from the forest edge; 13.7% were in silver beech within 100 m of forest edges, 2.6% were along roads through forest, 0.9% were on the forest‐grassland edge, and 0.2% were in the open grassland. Lesser short‐tailed bats were active throughout the night but especially at dawn and dusk. There was no correlation between levels o...
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INFLUENCE OF SEX AND REPRODUCTIVE STATUS ON Nocturnal Activity OF LONG-TAILED BATS (CHALINOLOBUS TUBERCULATUS)
Journal of Mammalogy, 2002Co-Authors: Colin F. J. O'donnellAbstract:Abstract I measured Nocturnal Activity of 37 New Zealand long-tailed bats (Chalinolobus tuberculatus) during pregnancy, lactation, and postlactation. Availability of flying insects peaked during lactation. C. tuberculatus was active throughout the night, making 4.0 ± 0.2 SE foraging bouts interspersed with roosting periods. Bats were active for 71.3 ± 1.6% of the night (354 ± 10.6 min). The first foraging bout was significantly longer than later bouts, but length of roosting bouts did not vary. Bats returned to the vicinity of their day colonies to roost at night. Ambient air temperature (3–21°C) had little influence on duration of Activity. Length of active periods did not differ among reproductive females, nonreproductive females, and adult males. Reproductive females were active for significantly longer periods during lactation than during pregnancy, but not after lactation. I predict few differences between reproductive classes because energy demands are high throughout the reproductive cycle, females...
Jennifer E. Christie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nocturnal Activity patterns of the lesser short‐tailed bat (Mystacina tuberculata) in temperate rainforest, Fiordland, New Zealand
New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 2020Co-Authors: Jennifer E. ChristieAbstract:Abstract Nocturnal Activity patterns of New Zealand lesser short‐tailed bats (Mystacina tuberculata) were examined in temperate beech (Nothofagus) rainforest in the Eglinton Valley, Fiordland, during early autumn in 1997 and summer‐autumn 1997–98. Miniature radio‐transmitters were attached to 23 bats, 12 of which were followed for between 1 and 3 whole nights. They emerged from roosts an average of 42.0 ± 8.0 (SD) min after sunset, and remained active for an average of 456.9 ± 45.6 min (90–100% of the time spent away from their day roost). They foraged throughout the night, spending only 16.1 ± 7.8 min inactive per night. Bats travelled large distances in a night and were capable of flying at speeds up to 44.3 km/h (12.3 ms–1). However, most flight speeds were relatively slow (mean flight speed = 2.5 km/h (0.7 ms–1) between fixes). This, coupled with the high frequency of short distances travelled between estimated locations, indicated that bats concentrated their Activity in one or several relatively sma...
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Habitat use and Nocturnal Activity of lesser short‐tailed bats (Mystacina tuberculata) in comparison with long‐tailed bats (Chalinolobus tuberculatus) in temperate rainforest
New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 2010Co-Authors: Colin F. J. O'donnell, Jennifer E. Christie, Warren SimpsonAbstract:Abstract Habitat use and Nocturnal Activity patterns of the threatened lesser short‐tailed bat (Mystacina tuberculata) were sampled during late spring and early summer using automatic bat detector units in temperate beech (Nothofagus) rainforest in Fiord‐land, New Zealand. Detector units recorded the number of bats passing per hour as an index of Activity. Habitat use patterns were compared with long‐tailed bats (Chalinolobus tuberculatus) sampled concurrently. Activity levels in lesser short‐tailed bats varied significantly among five habitat types and amongst hours of the night. Of the total Activity recorded, most passes (82.6% of n = 657 bat passes) were in red beech forest >200 m from the forest edge; 13.7% were in silver beech within 100 m of forest edges, 2.6% were along roads through forest, 0.9% were on the forest‐grassland edge, and 0.2% were in the open grassland. Lesser short‐tailed bats were active throughout the night but especially at dawn and dusk. There was no correlation between levels o...
Warren Simpson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Habitat use and Nocturnal Activity of lesser short‐tailed bats (Mystacina tuberculata) in comparison with long‐tailed bats (Chalinolobus tuberculatus) in temperate rainforest
New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 2010Co-Authors: Colin F. J. O'donnell, Jennifer E. Christie, Warren SimpsonAbstract:Abstract Habitat use and Nocturnal Activity patterns of the threatened lesser short‐tailed bat (Mystacina tuberculata) were sampled during late spring and early summer using automatic bat detector units in temperate beech (Nothofagus) rainforest in Fiord‐land, New Zealand. Detector units recorded the number of bats passing per hour as an index of Activity. Habitat use patterns were compared with long‐tailed bats (Chalinolobus tuberculatus) sampled concurrently. Activity levels in lesser short‐tailed bats varied significantly among five habitat types and amongst hours of the night. Of the total Activity recorded, most passes (82.6% of n = 657 bat passes) were in red beech forest >200 m from the forest edge; 13.7% were in silver beech within 100 m of forest edges, 2.6% were along roads through forest, 0.9% were on the forest‐grassland edge, and 0.2% were in the open grassland. Lesser short‐tailed bats were active throughout the night but especially at dawn and dusk. There was no correlation between levels o...
Jeanfrancois Hermant - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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awakening properties of modafinil effect on Nocturnal Activity in monkeys macaca mulatta after acute and repeated administration
Psychopharmacology, 1991Co-Authors: Jeanfrancois Hermant, Francis A Rambert, Jacques DuteilAbstract:Single oral administration of modafinil (16–64 mg/kg) in monkeys induced an increase in Nocturnal Activity and in behavioural arousal without stereotyped behaviour. Modafinil-induced increase in Nocturnal Activity was prevented by the centrally acting α1 adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin. After repeated oral administration of modafinil, b.i.d. for 5 days, Nocturnal Activity was still increased, but was lower than after a single administration; the gradual decrease appeared on the second night. No rebound of sleep and no residual effect on night 5 (when modafinil was administered for 4 days and placebo on day 5) were seen after the withdrawal of the drug. Therefore, modafinil appeared to produce strong behavioural stimulation and awakening in a non-human primate species, after single, as well as after repeated administration, without other obvious side-effects (no sign of anxiety, no behavioural trouble). These awakening properties involved a modulation (stimulation) of a central α1 adrenergic system.
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central α1 adrenergic stimulation in relation to the behaviour stimulating effect of modafinil studies with experimental animals
European Journal of Pharmacology, 1990Co-Authors: J Duteil, Jeanfrancois Hermant, F A Rambert, J Pessonnier, R Gombert, Emile AssousAbstract:Single administration of the new drug modafinil was followed by an increase in locomotor Activity in mice and in Nocturnal Activity in monkeys. Stereotyped behaviour in mice and rats, and potentiation of amphetamine-induced stereotyped behaviour were not observed; however, at the highest dose used, a slight potentiation of apomorphine-induced stereotyped behaviour was observed in rats. The modafinil-induced increase in locomotor Activity in mice was prevented by the centrally acting α1-adrenoceptor antagonists, prazosin and phenoxybenzamine, and by reserpine but not by the mixed dopamine D-1/D-2 antagonist, haloperidol, the dopamine D-2 antagonist, sulpiride, the peripherally acting α1-adrenoceptor antagonist, phentolamine, the α2-adrenoceptor antagonist, yohimbine, the β-adrenoceptor antagonist, propranolol, or by the catecholamine synthesis inhibitor, α-methyl-p-tyrosine. Likewise, the modafinil-induced increase in Nocturnal Activity in monkeys was prevented by prazosin. Interestingly, modafinil did not produce obvious peripheral sympathetic effects in mice and rats (no salivation, no contraction of the pilomotor muscles, slight mydriasis only at high doses). Therefore, modafinil appears to produce a strong stimulating effect in rodents and in primates. These effects could be linked to modulation (stimulation) of central α1-adrenoceptors unaccompanied by peripheral sympathetic effects, which is unexpected.
Robert B Tesh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nocturnal Activity patterns of lutzomyia longipalpis diptera psychodidae at an endemic focus of visceral leishmaniasis in colombia
Journal of Medical Entomology, 1995Co-Authors: Amy C Morrison, Cristina Ferro, Raul Pardo, Mariela Torres, Mark L Wilson, Robert B TeshAbstract:Nocturnal Activity of the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva) was studied from August 1991 to July 1992 in a small rural community in Colombia where American visceral leishmaniasis is endemic. During 2 or 3 nights each month, sand flies were collected with hand-held aspirators each hour between 1730 and 0630 hours, from a pigpen and a cattle corral located 30 m apart. Host-seeking Activity of L. longipalpis adults was characterized by 2 general patterns: (1) adult sand fly Activity increased shortly after sunset and continued until just after sunrise, and (2) peak sand fly Activity was greatest early in the evening (1830–2330 hours) and then declined steadily toward morning. Female L. longipalpis Activity generally increased after 2030 hours, whereas that of males remained constant or declined as the evening progressed. There were seasonal differences in sand fly abundance between the 2 sites: peak abundance in the cattle corral occurred during hot, dry periods, whereas maximum abundance in the pigpen occurred when relative humidity was higher. Influence of relative humidity on Activity varied with season. Sand fly Activity tended to decrease at temperatures below 24°C and increase in the presence of moonlight.