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William H Detrich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cold fusion massive karyotype evolution in the antarctic bullhead notothen Notothenia coriiceps
2017Co-Authors: Angel Amores, Catherine Wilson, Corey A H Allard, William H Detrich, John H PostlethwaitAbstract:Half of all vertebrate species share a series of chromosome fusions that preceded the teleost genome duplication (TGD), but we do not understand the causative evolutionary mechanisms. The "Robertsonian-translocation hypothesis" suggests a regular fusion of each ancestral acro- or telocentric chromosome to just one other by centromere fusions, thus halving the karyotype. An alternative "genome-stirring hypothesis" posits haphazard and repeated fusions, inversions, and reciprocal and nonreciprocal translocations. To study large-scale karyotype reduction, we investigated the decrease of chromosome numbers in Antarctic notothenioid fish. Most notothenioids have 24 haploid chromosomes, but bullhead notothen (Notothenia coriiceps) has 11. To understand mechanisms, we made a RAD-tag meiotic map with ∼10,000 polymorphic markers. Comparative genomics aligned about a thousand orthologs of platyfish and stickleback genes along bullhead chromosomes. Results revealed that 9 of 11 bullhead chromosomes arose by fusion of just two ancestral chromosomes and two others by fusion of three ancestral chromosomes. All markers from each ancestral chromosome remained contiguous, implying no inversions across fusion borders. Karyotype comparisons support a history of: (1) Robertsonian fusions of 22 ancestral chromosomes in pairs to yield 11 fused plus two small unfused chromosomes, like N. angustata; (2) fusion of one of the remaining two ancestral chromosomes to a preexisting fused pair, giving 12 chromosomes like N. rossii; and (3) fusion of the remaining ancestral chromosome to another fused pair, giving 11 chromosomes in N. coriiceps These results raise the question of what selective forces promoted the systematic fusion of chromosomes in pairs and the suppression of pericentric inversions in this lineage, and provide a model for chromosome fusions in stem teleosts.
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the genome sequence of the antarctic bullhead notothen reveals evolutionary adaptations to a cold environment
2014Co-Authors: Seung Chul Shin, Do Hwan Ahn, Jungeun Lee, William H Detrich, Su Jin Kim, Chul Woo Pyo, Hyoungseok Lee, Mikyeong Kim, Jong Eun Lee, John H PostlethwaitAbstract:Background Antarctic fish have adapted to the freezing waters of the Southern Ocean. Representative adaptations to this harsh environment include a constitutive heat shock response and the evolution of an antifreeze protein in the blood. Despite their adaptations to the cold, genome-wide studies have not yet been performed on these fish due to the lack of a sequenced genome. Notothenia coriiceps, the Antarctic bullhead notothen, is an endemic teleost fish with a circumpolar distribution and makes a good model to understand the genomic adaptations to constant sub-zero temperatures.
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Adaptive Evolution of Gene Expression in Antarctic Fishes: Divergent Transcription of the 5�-to-5 � Linked Adult �1- and �-Globin Genes of the Antarctic Teleost Notothenia coriiceps is Controlled by Dual Promoters and
2013Co-Authors: Intergenic Enhancers, Sandra K. Parker, David T. Lau, Amna Saeed-kothe, William H DetrichAbstract:SYNOPSIS. Unlike temperate fishes, Antarctic fishes of the notothenioid suborder, whose body temperatures (�2 to �1�C) conform to the Southern Ocean, must express their genomes in an extremely cold thermal regime. To determine whether these fishes have evolved compensatory adjustments that maintain efficient gene transcription at low temperatures, we have initiated studies of the cis-acting regulatory elements that control globin gene expression in the Antarctic rockcod Notothenia coriiceps and in its close relative, the temperate New Zealand black cod N. angustata (habitat temperature ��6to�15�C). The genes encoding the major �1 and � globins of these fishes are tightly linked in head-to-head (5 � to 5�) orientation. The intergenic regions separating the globin genes in the two fishes, �4.3 kb in N. coriiceps and �3.2 kb in N. angustata, are highly similar in sequence, the major difference being the absence of a 1.1-kb, repeat-containing segment in the latter. To assess the promoter and enhancer activities of the intergenic regions, each was cloned into the luciferase-reporter vector pGL3-Basic, and the constructs were transfected into MEL cells. Upon DMSO induction of MEL cell differentiation
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posttranslational modification of brain tubulins from the antarctic fish Notothenia coriiceps reduced c terminal glutamylation correlates with efficient microtubule assembly at low temperature
2004Co-Authors: Virginie Redeker, Sandra K. Parker, Anthony Frankfurter, Jean Rossier, William H DetrichAbstract:We have shown previously that the tubulins of Antarctic fish assemble into microtubules efficiently at low temperatures (−2 to +2 °C) due to adaptations intrinsic to the tubulin subunits. To determine whether changes in posttranslational glutamylation of the fish tubulins may contribute to cold adaptation of microtubule assembly, we have characterized C-terminal peptides from α- and β-tubulin chains from brains of adult specimens of the Antarctic rockcod Notothenia coriiceps by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and by Edman degradation amino acid sequencing. Of the four fish β-tubulin isotypes, nonglutamylated isoforms were more abundant than glutamylated isoforms. In addition, maximal glutamyl side-chain length was shorter than that observed for mammalian brain β tubulins. For the nine fish α-tubulin isotypes, nonglutamylated isoforms were also generally more abundant than glutamylated isoforms. When glutamylated, however, the maximal side-chain lengths of the fish α tubulins were generally longer than those o...
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adaptive evolution of gene expression in antarctic fishes divergent transcription of the 5 to 5 linked adult α1 and β globin genes of the antarctic teleost Notothenia coriiceps is controlled by dual promoters and intergenic enhancers
2001Co-Authors: David T. Lau, Sandra K. Parker, Amna Saeedkothe, William H DetrichAbstract:SYNOPSIS. Unlike temperate fishes, Antarctic fishes of the notothenioid suborder, whose body temperatures (2 2t o118C) conform to the Southern Ocean, must express their genomes in an extremely cold thermal regime. To determine whether these fishes have evolved compensatory adjustments that maintain efficient gene transcription at low temperatures, we have initiated studies of the cis-acting regulatory elements that control globin gene expression in the Antarctic rockcod Notothenia coriiceps and in its close relative, the temperate New Zealand black cod N. angustata (habitat temperature 51 6t o1158C). The genes encoding the major a1 and b globins of these fishes are tightly linked in head-to-head (59 to 59) orientation. The intergenic regions separating the globin genes in the two fishes, ;4.3 kb in N. coriiceps and ;3.2 kb in N. angustata, are highly similar in sequence, the major difference being the absence of a 1.1-kb, repeat-containing segment in the latter. To assess the promoter and enhancer activities of the intergenic regions, each was cloned into the luciferase-reporter vector pGL3-Basic, and the constructs were transfected into MEL cells. Upon DMSO induction of MEL cell differentiation, each of the a/b-intergenic regions functioned in both orientations as erythroid-responsive transcriptional regulators. However, expression of luciferase mediated by the N. coriiceps intergene was 6-fold greater in the a orientation than that for the N. angustata intergene and 2-fold greater for the b. The greater transcription-stimulating activity of the N. coriiceps intergene can be attributed to two enhancers composed of combinations of CAC/Sp1 and GATA motifs and located in direct repeat elements. N. angustata, which lacked repetitive structure in its intergene, contained a single copy of the enhancer. We propose that cold adaptation of globin gene expression in N. coriiceps evolved in part through duplication and refinement of critical cis-acting regulatory elements as the Southern Ocean cooled during the past 25 million years.
John H Postlethwait - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cold fusion massive karyotype evolution in the antarctic bullhead notothen Notothenia coriiceps
2017Co-Authors: Angel Amores, Catherine Wilson, Corey A H Allard, William H Detrich, John H PostlethwaitAbstract:Half of all vertebrate species share a series of chromosome fusions that preceded the teleost genome duplication (TGD), but we do not understand the causative evolutionary mechanisms. The "Robertsonian-translocation hypothesis" suggests a regular fusion of each ancestral acro- or telocentric chromosome to just one other by centromere fusions, thus halving the karyotype. An alternative "genome-stirring hypothesis" posits haphazard and repeated fusions, inversions, and reciprocal and nonreciprocal translocations. To study large-scale karyotype reduction, we investigated the decrease of chromosome numbers in Antarctic notothenioid fish. Most notothenioids have 24 haploid chromosomes, but bullhead notothen (Notothenia coriiceps) has 11. To understand mechanisms, we made a RAD-tag meiotic map with ∼10,000 polymorphic markers. Comparative genomics aligned about a thousand orthologs of platyfish and stickleback genes along bullhead chromosomes. Results revealed that 9 of 11 bullhead chromosomes arose by fusion of just two ancestral chromosomes and two others by fusion of three ancestral chromosomes. All markers from each ancestral chromosome remained contiguous, implying no inversions across fusion borders. Karyotype comparisons support a history of: (1) Robertsonian fusions of 22 ancestral chromosomes in pairs to yield 11 fused plus two small unfused chromosomes, like N. angustata; (2) fusion of one of the remaining two ancestral chromosomes to a preexisting fused pair, giving 12 chromosomes like N. rossii; and (3) fusion of the remaining ancestral chromosome to another fused pair, giving 11 chromosomes in N. coriiceps These results raise the question of what selective forces promoted the systematic fusion of chromosomes in pairs and the suppression of pericentric inversions in this lineage, and provide a model for chromosome fusions in stem teleosts.
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Embryogenesis and early skeletogenesis in the antarctic bullhead notothen, Notothenia coriiceps.
2016Co-Authors: John H Postlethwait, Corey A H Allard, Yi-lin Yan, Thomas Desvignes, Tom A. Titus, Nathalie R. Le François, H. William DetrichAbstract:Background: Environmental temperature influences rates of embryonic development, but a detailed staging series for vertebrate embryos developing in the sub-zero cold of Antarctic waters is not yet available from fertilization to hatching. Given projected warming of the Southern Ocean, it is imperative to establish a baseline to evaluate potential effects of changing climate on fish developmental dynamics. Results: We studied the Bullhead notothen (Notothenia coriiceps), a notothenioid fish inhabiting waters between −1.9 and +2°C. In vitro fertilization produced embryos that progressed through cleavage, epiboly, gastrulation, segmentation, organogenesis, and hatching. We compared morphogenesis spatially and temporally to zebrafish and medaka. Experimental animals hatched after about six months to early larval stages. To help understand skeletogenesis, we analyzed late embryos for expression of sox9, and runx2, which regulate chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, and eye development. Results revealed that, despite its prolonged developmental time course, N. coriiceps embryos developed similarly to those of other teleosts with large yolk cells. Conclusions: Our studies set the stage for future molecular analyses of development in these extremophile fish. Results provide a foundation for understanding the impact of ocean warming on embryonic development and larval recruitment of notothenioid fish, which are key factors in the marine trophic system. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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the genome sequence of the antarctic bullhead notothen reveals evolutionary adaptations to a cold environment
2014Co-Authors: Seung Chul Shin, Do Hwan Ahn, Jungeun Lee, William H Detrich, Su Jin Kim, Chul Woo Pyo, Hyoungseok Lee, Mikyeong Kim, Jong Eun Lee, John H PostlethwaitAbstract:Background Antarctic fish have adapted to the freezing waters of the Southern Ocean. Representative adaptations to this harsh environment include a constitutive heat shock response and the evolution of an antifreeze protein in the blood. Despite their adaptations to the cold, genome-wide studies have not yet been performed on these fish due to the lack of a sequenced genome. Notothenia coriiceps, the Antarctic bullhead notothen, is an endemic teleost fish with a circumpolar distribution and makes a good model to understand the genomic adaptations to constant sub-zero temperatures.
Crockett, Elizabeth L - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Biederman et al (2019) AChE activity
2019Co-Authors: Biederman, Amanda M., Kuhn, Donald E., O'brien, Kristin M., Crockett, Elizabeth LAbstract:Acetylcholine esterase activity in brains of Chaenocephalus aceratus and Notothenia coriiceps
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Biederman et al (2019) lipid peroxidation
2019Co-Authors: Biederman, Amanda M., Kuhn, Donald E., O'brien, Kristin M., Crockett, Elizabeth LAbstract:Lipid peroxidation of mitochondrial membranes prepared from cardiac ventricle of Chaenocephalus aceratus, Notothenia coriiceps, and Pseudochaenichthys georgianus. Measurements were performed in animals collected in the region of the Western Antarctic Peninsula during the austral fall season of 2015
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Biederman et al (2019) polar lipid profile
2019Co-Authors: Biederman, Amanda M., Kuhn, Donald E., O'brien, Kristin M., Crockett, Elizabeth LAbstract:Polar lipid composition of myelin in Notothenia coriiceps and Chaenocephalus aceratu
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Data from: Mitochondrial membranes in cardiac muscle from Antarctic notothenioid fishes vary in phospholipid composition and membrane fluidity
2019Co-Authors: Biederman, Amanda M., Kuhn, Donald E., O'brien, Kristin M., Crockett, Elizabeth LAbstract:Antarctic notothenioid fishes are highly stenothermal, yet their tolerance for warming is species-dependent. Because a body of literature points to the loss of cardiac function as underlying thermal limits in ectothermic animals, we investigated potential relationships among properties of ventricular mitochondrial membranes in notothenioids with known differences in both cardiac mitochondrial metabolism and organismal thermal tolerance. Fluidity of mitochondrial membranes was quantified by fluorescence depolarization for the white-blooded Chaenocephalus aceratus and the red-blooded Notothenia coriiceps. In these same membranes, lipid compositions and products of lipid peroxidation, the latter of which can disrupt membrane order, were analyzed in both species and in a second icefish, Pseudochaenichthys georgianus. Mitochondrial membranes from C. aceratus were significantly more fluid than those of the more thermotolerant species N. coriiceps (P
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Data from: Physical, chemical, and functional properties of neuronal membranes vary between species of Antarctic notothenioids differing in thermal tolerance
2019Co-Authors: Biederman, Amanda M., Kuhn, Donald E., O'brien, Kristin M., Crockett, Elizabeth LAbstract:Disruption of neuronal function is likely to influence limits to thermal tolerance. We hypothesized that with acute warming the structure and function of neuronal membranes in the Antarctic notothenioid fish Chaenocephalus aceratus are more vulnerable to perturbation than membranes in the more thermotolerant notothenioid Notothenia coriiceps. Fluidity was quantified in synaptic membranes, mitochondrial membranes, and myelin from brains of both species of Antarctic fishes. Polar lipid compositions and cholesterol contents were analyzed in myelin; cholesterol was measured in synaptic membranes. Thermal profiles were determined for activities of two membrane-associated proteins, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA), from brains of animals maintained at ambient temperature or exposed to their critical thermal maxima (CTMAX). Synaptic membranes of C. aceratus were consistently more fluid than those of N. coriiceps (P
Sandra K. Parker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Adaptive Evolution of Gene Expression in Antarctic Fishes: Divergent Transcription of the 5�-to-5 � Linked Adult �1- and �-Globin Genes of the Antarctic Teleost Notothenia coriiceps is Controlled by Dual Promoters and
2013Co-Authors: Intergenic Enhancers, Sandra K. Parker, David T. Lau, Amna Saeed-kothe, William H DetrichAbstract:SYNOPSIS. Unlike temperate fishes, Antarctic fishes of the notothenioid suborder, whose body temperatures (�2 to �1�C) conform to the Southern Ocean, must express their genomes in an extremely cold thermal regime. To determine whether these fishes have evolved compensatory adjustments that maintain efficient gene transcription at low temperatures, we have initiated studies of the cis-acting regulatory elements that control globin gene expression in the Antarctic rockcod Notothenia coriiceps and in its close relative, the temperate New Zealand black cod N. angustata (habitat temperature ��6to�15�C). The genes encoding the major �1 and � globins of these fishes are tightly linked in head-to-head (5 � to 5�) orientation. The intergenic regions separating the globin genes in the two fishes, �4.3 kb in N. coriiceps and �3.2 kb in N. angustata, are highly similar in sequence, the major difference being the absence of a 1.1-kb, repeat-containing segment in the latter. To assess the promoter and enhancer activities of the intergenic regions, each was cloned into the luciferase-reporter vector pGL3-Basic, and the constructs were transfected into MEL cells. Upon DMSO induction of MEL cell differentiation
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Characterization of the cytoplasmic chaperonin containing TCP-1 from the Antarctic fish Notothenia coriiceps
2006Co-Authors: Sandra Pucciarelli, H. William Detrich, Sandra K. Parker, Ronald MelkiAbstract:The cytoplasmic chaperonin containing TCP-1 (CCT) plays a critically important role in the folding and biogenesis of many cytoskeletal proteins, including tubulin and actin. For marine ectotherms, the chronically cold Southern Ocean (−2 to +2°C) poses energetic challenges to protein folding, both at the level of substrate proteins and with respect to the chaperonin/chaperone folding system. Here we report the partial functional and structural characterization of CCT from an Antarctic notothenioid fish, Notothenia coriiceps . We find that the mechanism of folding by the Antarctic fish CCT differed from that of mammalian CCT: (1) the former complex was able to bind denatured β-tubulin but (2) when reconstituted with rabbit Cofactor A, failed to release the protein to yield the tubulin/cofactor intermediate. Moreover, the amino acid sequences of the N. coriiceps CCT β and θ chains contained residue substitutions in the equatorial, apical, and intermediate domains that would be expected to increase the flexibility of the subunits, thus facilitating function of the chaperonin in an energy poor environment. Our work contributes to the growing realization that protein function in cold-adapted organisms reflects a delicate balance between the necessity of structural flexibility for catalytic activity and the concomitant hazard of cold-induced denaturation.
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Characterization of the cytoplasmic chaperonin containing TCP-1 from the Antarctic fish Notothenia coriiceps.
2006Co-Authors: Sandra Pucciarelli, H. William Detrich, Sandra K. Parker, Ronald MelkiAbstract:The cytoplasmic chaperonin containing TCP-1 (CCT) plays a critically important role in the folding and biogenesis of many cytoskeletal proteins, including tubulin and actin. For marine ectotherms, the chronically cold Southern Ocean (-2 to +2 degrees C) poses energetic challenges to protein folding, both at the level of substrate proteins and with respect to the chaperonin/chaperone folding system. Here we report the partial functional and structural characterization of CCT from an Antarctic notothenioid fish, Notothenia coriiceps. We find that the mechanism of folding by the Antarctic fish CCT differed from that of mammalian CCT: (1) the former complex was able to bind denatured beta-tubulin but (2) when reconstituted with rabbit Cofactor A, failed to release the protein to yield the tubulin/cofactor intermediate. Moreover, the amino acid sequences of the N. coriiceps CCT beta and theta chains contained residue substitutions in the equatorial, apical, and intermediate domains that would be expected to increase the flexibility of the subunits, thus facilitating function of the chaperonin in an energy poor environment. Our work contributes to the growing realization that protein function in cold-adapted organisms reflects a delicate balance between the necessity of structural flexibility for catalytic activity and the concomitant hazard of cold-induced denaturation.
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posttranslational modification of brain tubulins from the antarctic fish Notothenia coriiceps reduced c terminal glutamylation correlates with efficient microtubule assembly at low temperature
2004Co-Authors: Virginie Redeker, Sandra K. Parker, Anthony Frankfurter, Jean Rossier, William H DetrichAbstract:We have shown previously that the tubulins of Antarctic fish assemble into microtubules efficiently at low temperatures (−2 to +2 °C) due to adaptations intrinsic to the tubulin subunits. To determine whether changes in posttranslational glutamylation of the fish tubulins may contribute to cold adaptation of microtubule assembly, we have characterized C-terminal peptides from α- and β-tubulin chains from brains of adult specimens of the Antarctic rockcod Notothenia coriiceps by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and by Edman degradation amino acid sequencing. Of the four fish β-tubulin isotypes, nonglutamylated isoforms were more abundant than glutamylated isoforms. In addition, maximal glutamyl side-chain length was shorter than that observed for mammalian brain β tubulins. For the nine fish α-tubulin isotypes, nonglutamylated isoforms were also generally more abundant than glutamylated isoforms. When glutamylated, however, the maximal side-chain lengths of the fish α tubulins were generally longer than those o...
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adaptive evolution of gene expression in antarctic fishes divergent transcription of the 5 to 5 linked adult α1 and β globin genes of the antarctic teleost Notothenia coriiceps is controlled by dual promoters and intergenic enhancers
2001Co-Authors: David T. Lau, Sandra K. Parker, Amna Saeedkothe, William H DetrichAbstract:SYNOPSIS. Unlike temperate fishes, Antarctic fishes of the notothenioid suborder, whose body temperatures (2 2t o118C) conform to the Southern Ocean, must express their genomes in an extremely cold thermal regime. To determine whether these fishes have evolved compensatory adjustments that maintain efficient gene transcription at low temperatures, we have initiated studies of the cis-acting regulatory elements that control globin gene expression in the Antarctic rockcod Notothenia coriiceps and in its close relative, the temperate New Zealand black cod N. angustata (habitat temperature 51 6t o1158C). The genes encoding the major a1 and b globins of these fishes are tightly linked in head-to-head (59 to 59) orientation. The intergenic regions separating the globin genes in the two fishes, ;4.3 kb in N. coriiceps and ;3.2 kb in N. angustata, are highly similar in sequence, the major difference being the absence of a 1.1-kb, repeat-containing segment in the latter. To assess the promoter and enhancer activities of the intergenic regions, each was cloned into the luciferase-reporter vector pGL3-Basic, and the constructs were transfected into MEL cells. Upon DMSO induction of MEL cell differentiation, each of the a/b-intergenic regions functioned in both orientations as erythroid-responsive transcriptional regulators. However, expression of luciferase mediated by the N. coriiceps intergene was 6-fold greater in the a orientation than that for the N. angustata intergene and 2-fold greater for the b. The greater transcription-stimulating activity of the N. coriiceps intergene can be attributed to two enhancers composed of combinations of CAC/Sp1 and GATA motifs and located in direct repeat elements. N. angustata, which lacked repetitive structure in its intergene, contained a single copy of the enhancer. We propose that cold adaptation of globin gene expression in N. coriiceps evolved in part through duplication and refinement of critical cis-acting regulatory elements as the Southern Ocean cooled during the past 25 million years.
Hyun Park - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Characterization of Two Antimicrobial Peptides from Antarctic Fishes (Notothenia coriiceps and Parachaenichthys charcoti).
2017Co-Authors: Seung Chul Shin, In Hye Ahn, Yung Mi Lee, Jungeun Lee, Jun Hyuck Lee, Han-woo Kim, Hwan Ahn, Hyun ParkAbstract:We identified two antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with similarity to moronecidin in Antarctic fishes. The characteristics of both AMPs were determined using moronecidin as a control. Moronecidin, which was first isolated from hybrid striped bass, is highly salt-resistant, and possesses broad-spectrum activity against various microbes. The moronecidin-like peptide from Notothenia coriiceps exhibited a narrower spectrum of activity and a higher salt sensitivity than moronecidin. The AMP from Parachaenichthys charcoti exhibited similar antimicrobial activity to moronecidin, and similar salt sensitivity. In an experiment to identify toxic effects, both of the moronecidin-like peptides from the Antarctic fishes exhibited lower hemolytic activity than moronecidin. In spite of its low toxicity, the AMP from N. coriiceps is unlikely to be considered as a candidate for antibiotic development, owing to its narrow spectrum of activity and high salt sensitivity. In contrast, the high salt resistance and broad-spectrum activity of the AMP from P. charcoti could be more advantageous for clinical use than moronecidin, since it could kill bacteria under physiological conditions with low toxicity. A further comparison of these two AMPs from Antarctic fishes with other AMPs could help to reduce the toxicity of AMPs for clinical use.
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Characterization of Two Antimicrobial Peptides from Antarctic Fishes (Notothenia coriiceps and Parachaenichthys charcoti) - Fig 3
2017Co-Authors: Seung Chul Shin, In Hye Ahn, Do Hwan Ahn, Yung Mi Lee, Jungeun Lee, Jun Hyuck Lee, Han-woo Kim, Hyun ParkAbstract:Helical wheel diagram depicting amphipathic alpha-helical conformations of (a) moro (b) moroNC, and (c) moroPC. Hydrophobic residues are yellow, positively charged residues are blue, and negatively charged residues are red. Particular polar residues are violet (threonine and serine), pink (asparagine and glutamine) or sky blue (histidine). The arrows represent the helical hydrophobic moment.
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Alignment of the two novel moronecidin-like peptides with other known piscine AMPs.
2017Co-Authors: Seung Chul Shin, In Hye Ahn, Do Hwan Ahn, Yung Mi Lee, Jungeun Lee, Jun Hyuck Lee, Han-woo Kim, Hyun ParkAbstract:The signal peptides and mature peptides of AMPs are well conserved in fish species. Accession number: dicentracin (European seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax) AAP58960.1; moronecidin (Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus) XP_003456662; dicentracin (Sablefish, Anoplopoma fimbria) ACQ58110.1; moronecidin (Mandarin fish, Siniperca chuatsi) AAV65044.1; moronecidin (Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus) XP_003456661.1; moronecidin (Sablefish, Anoplopoma fimbria) ACQ57928.1; moronecidin (Striped seabass, Morone saxatilis) Q8UUG0; moronecidin (White bass, Morone chrysops) Q8UUG2.1; piscidin (Brown-marbled grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) ADE06665.1; piscidin (Duskytail grouper, Epinephelus bleekeri) ADY86110.1; piscidin (Hong Kong grouper, Epinephelus akaara) ACE78290.1; piscidin (Hybrid striped seabass, Morone chrysops × Morone saxatilis) ADP37959.1; piscidin (Hybrid striped seabass, Morone chrysops × Morone saxatilis) ADP37960.1; piscidin (Large yellow croaker, Larimichthys crocea) ACE78289.1; piscidin (Longtooth grouper, Epinephelus bruneus) AEM37732.1; piscidin (Malabar grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus) ADY86112.1; piscidin (Orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides) AFM37317.1; moronecidin (Antarctic black rockcod, Notothenia coriiceps) XP_010768425.1; moronecidin (Antarctic dragonfish, Parachaenichthys charcoti) KX344030; pleurocidin (Pleuronectes americanus) AAF17252.1; piscidin (Icefish, Chionodraco hamatus) CBX55949.1; piscidin (Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua) ACS91329.1.
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Characterization of Toll-like receptor gene expression and the pathogen agonist response in the antarctic bullhead notothen Notothenia coriiceps
2014Co-Authors: Do Hwan Ahn, Seung Chul Shin, Hyun ParkAbstract:Notothenia coriiceps , a typical Antarctic notothenioid teleost, has evolved to adapt to the extreme Antarctic marine environment. We previously reported an extensive analysis of the Antarctic notothenioid transcriptome. In this study, we focused on a key component of the innate immune system, the Toll-like receptors (TLRs). We cloned the full-length sequence of 12 TLRs of N. coriiceps . The N. coriiceps transcriptome for TLR homologue (ncTLR) genes encode a typical TLR structure, with multiple extracellular leucine-rich regions and an intracellular Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain. Using phylogenetic analysis, we established that all of the cloned ncTLR genes could be classified into the same orthologous clade with other teleost TLRs. ncTLRs were widely expressed in various organs, with the highest expression levels observed in immune-related tissues, such as the skin, spleen, and kidney. A subset of the ncTLR genes was expressed at higher levels in fish exposed to pathogen-mimicking agonists, heat-killed Escherichia coli , and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)). However, the mechanism involved in the upregulation of TLR expression following pathogen exposure in fish is currently unknown. Further research is required to elucidate these mechanisms and to thereby increase our understanding of vertebrate immune system evolution.
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Complete mitochondrial genome of the Antarctic bullhead notothen, Notothenia coriiceps (Perciformes, Nototheniidae).
2014Co-Authors: Hwan Ahn, Young Min Chi, Jongkyu Lee, Jungeun Choi, Hyun ParkAbstract:The complete sequence of the mitochondrial genome of Notothenia coriiceps was obtained by genome assembly. The complete sequence was determined to be 18,347 base pairs in length and to contain 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 2 control regions. Of the thirteen protein-coding genes, two genes (cox1 and atp6) had GTG start codons, and six genes (nad2, cox2, cox3, nad3, nad4, and cytb) had incomplete stop codons that require the post-transcriptional addition of A bases. The base composition of the mitogenome was 26.3% A, 27.6% T, 17.5% G, and 28.5% C.
