The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
B S Gill - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
development and mapping of est derived simple sequence repeat markers for hexaploid wheat
Genome, 2004Co-Authors: Trevor M Dake, B S Gill, Sukhwinder Singh, David Benscher, Mark E SorrellsAbstract:Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are a valuable source of molecular markers. To enhance the resolution of an existing linkage map and to identify putative functional polymorphic gene loci in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), over 260,000 ESTs from 5 different grass species were analyzed and 5418 SSR-containing sequences were identified. Using sequence similarity analysis, 156 cross-species superclusters and 138 singletons were used to develop primer pairs, which were then tested on the genomic DNA of barley (Hordeum vulgare), maize (Zea mays), rice (Oryza sativa), and wheat. Three-hundred sixty-eight primer pairs produced PCR amplicons from at least one species and 227 primer pairs amplified DNA from two or more species. EST-SSR sequences containing dinucleotide motifs were significantly more polymorphic (74%) than those containing trinucleotides (56%), and polymorphism was similar for markers in both coding and 5' untranslated (UTR) regions. Out of 112 EST-SSR markers, 90 identified 149 loci that were integrated into a reference wheat genetic map. These loci were distributed on 19 of the 21 wheat chromosomes and were clustered in the distal chromosomal regions. Multiple-loci were detected by 39% of the primer pairs. Of the 90 mapped ESTs, putative functions for 22 were identified using BLASTX queries. In addition, 80 EST-SSR markers (104 loci) were located to chromosomes using Nullisomic-tetrasomic lines. The enhanced map from this study provides a basis for comparative mapping using orthologous and PCR-based markers and for identification of expressed genes possibly affecting important traits in wheat.
-
genetic analysis of sensitivity to a pyrenophora tritici repentis necrosis inducing toxin in durum and common wheat
Phytopathology, 1999Co-Authors: James A Anderson, R J Effertz, Justin D Faris, L J Francl, Steven W Meinhardt, B S GillAbstract:ABSTRACT The fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis produces a toxin (Ptr ToxA) that causes rapid cell necrosis in sensitive wheat genotypes. A single recessive gene (tsn1) on chromosome 5BL in common wheat confers insensitivity to this toxin. Our objectives were to analyze the allelic relationships of genotypes that have shown insensitivity to a P. tritici-repentis necrosis-inducing toxin, map the gene for insensitivity to the necrosis-inducing factor produced by P. tritici-repentis in a durum wheat population, and determine the reaction to P. tritici-repentis of aneuploid genotypes that do not contain the gene. Greenhouse-grown plants of seven populations from crosses of insensitive genotypes; an F(2) population of durum wheat; and 'Chinese Spring' aneuploid, substitution, and deletion lines were infiltrated with Ptr ToxA. All crosses involving insensitive genotypes failed to produce sensitive progeny, indicating that the same gene is present in these genotypes. The gene for insensitivity in the durum population was mapped to the same region on 5BL as in common wheat using restriction fragment length polymorphism markers. 'Chinese Spring', its homoeologous group 5 Nullisomic-tetrasomic stocks, and 5BL deletion lines were insensitive to the toxin. Substitution of a 5B chromosome from sensitive genotypes into 'Chinese Spring' resulted in sensitivity. Therefore, insensitivity is not conferred by a gene product per se, but rather conferred by absence of a gene for sensitivity.
-
characterization of sun ii oat monosomics through c banding and identification of eight new sun ii monosomics
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997Co-Authors: Eric N Jellen, Ronald L Phillips, H W Rines, D W Davis, B S GillAbstract:Monosomics are a powerful tool for genetic mapping in allopolyploid plant species such as oat (Avena sativa L., 2n=6x=42). A C-banded karyotype of the oat cultivar Sun II was compared with previously described oat karyotypes and was used to identify the missing chromosome in each line of Sun II aneuploids. These included new aneuploids, isolated among derivatives of oat haploids obtained from Sun II oat×maize crosses, along with the original Sun II aneuploid set which had been obtained by cytological screening of a Sun II population for spontaneous aneuploids. Eight new Sun II monosomics were identified among the derivatives of haploids from the oat×maize crosses, to give a total of 18 unique Sun II monosomic/Nullisomic lines. All seven C-genome chromosomes are represented by Sun II monosomics. Chromosomes 13, 14 and 17 are not represented by Sun II aneuploids but are found in the Kanota monosomic series. Therefore, monosomics of some form are now available for all 21 oat chromosomes. A reciprocal translocation involving chromosomes 3C and 14, found in a portion of the original set of Sun II monosomic lines, was also described. No new translocations were detected in the Sun II×maize crosses.
Takashi R. Endo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Chromosome Arm Locations of Barley Sucrose Transporter Gene in Transgenic Winter Wheat Lines.
Frontiers in plant science, 2019Co-Authors: Shotaro Takenaka, Winfriede Weschke, Bettina Brückner, Minoru Murata, Takashi R. EndoAbstract:Three transgenic HOSUT lines of winter wheat, HOSUT12, HOSUT20, and HOSUT24, each harbor a single copy of the cDNA for the barley sucrose transporter gene HvSUT1 (SUT), which was fused to the barley endosperm-specific Hordein B1 promoter (HO; the HOSUT transgene). Previously, flow cytometry combined with PCR analysis demonstrated that the HOSUT transgene had been integrated into different wheat chromosomes: 7A, 5D, and 4A in HOSUT12, HOSUT20, and HOSUT24, respectively. In order to confirm the chromosomal location of the HOSUT transgene by a cytological approach using wheat aneuploid stocks, we crossed corresponding Nullisomic-tetrasomic lines with the three HOSUT lines, namely Nullisomic 7A-tetrasomic 7B with HOSUT12, Nullisomic 5D-tetrasomic 5B with HOSUT20, and Nullisomic 4A-tetrasomic 4B with HOSUT24. We examined the resulting chromosomal constitutions and the presence of the HOSUT transgene in the F2 progeny by means of chromosome banding and PCR. The chromosome banding patterns of the critical chromosomes in the original HOSUT lines showed no difference from those of the corresponding wild type chromosomes. The presence or absence of the critical chromosomes completely corresponded to the presence or absence of the HOSUT transgene in the F2 plants. Investigating telocentric chromosomes occurred in the F2 progeny, which were derived from the respective critical HOSUT chromosomes, we found that the HOSUT transgene was individually integrated on the long arms of chromosomes 4A, 7A, and 5D in the three HOSUT lines. Thus, in this study we verified the chromosomal locations of the transgene, which had previously been determined by flow cytometry, and moreover revealed the chromosome-arm locations of the HOSUT transgene in the HOSUT lines.
-
Data_Sheet_1_Chromosome Arm Locations of Barley Sucrose Transporter Gene in Transgenic Winter Wheat Lines.PDF
2019Co-Authors: Shotaro Takenaka, Winfriede Weschke, Bettina Brückner, Minoru Murata, Takashi R. EndoAbstract:Three transgenic HOSUT lines of winter wheat, HOSUT12, HOSUT20, and HOSUT24, each harbor a single copy of the cDNA for the barley sucrose transporter gene HvSUT1 (SUT), which was fused to the barley endosperm-specific Hordein B1 promoter (HO; the HOSUT transgene). Previously, flow cytometry combined with PCR analysis demonstrated that the HOSUT transgene had been integrated into different wheat chromosomes: 7A, 5D, and 4A in HOSUT12, HOSUT20, and HOSUT24, respectively. In order to confirm the chromosomal location of the HOSUT transgene by a cytological approach using wheat aneuploid stocks, we crossed corresponding Nullisomic-tetrasomic lines with the three HOSUT lines, namely Nullisomic 7A-tetrasomic 7B with HOSUT12, Nullisomic 5D-tetrasomic 5B with HOSUT20, and Nullisomic 4A-tetrasomic 4B with HOSUT24. We examined the resulting chromosomal constitutions and the presence of the HOSUT transgene in the F2 progeny by means of chromosome banding and PCR. The chromosome banding patterns of the critical chromosomes in the original HOSUT lines showed no difference from those of the corresponding wild type chromosomes. The presence or absence of the critical chromosomes completely corresponded to the presence or absence of the HOSUT transgene in the F2 plants. Investigating telocentric chromosomes occurred in the F2 progeny, which were derived from the respective critical HOSUT chromosomes, we found that the HOSUT transgene was individually integrated on the long arms of chromosomes 4A, 7A, and 5D in the three HOSUT lines. Thus, in this study we verified the chromosomal locations of the transgene, which had previously been determined by flow cytometry, and moreover revealed the chromosome-arm locations of the HOSUT transgene in the HOSUT lines.
Adam J Lukaszewski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
ORIGINAL PAPER Aneuploidy among androgenic progeny of hexaploid triticale (XTriticosecale Wittmack)
2013Co-Authors: Sylwia Oleszczuk, Julita Rabiza-swider, Janusz Zimny, Adam J LukaszewskiAbstract:Ó The Author(s) 2010. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Doubled haploids are an established tool in plant breeding and research. Of several methods for their production, androgenesis is technically simple and can efficiently produce substantial numbers of lines. It is well suited to such crops as hexaploid triticale. Owing to meiotic irregularities of triticale hybrids, aneuploidy may affect the efficiency of androgenesis more severely than in meiotically stable crops. This study addresses the issue of aneuploidy among androgenic regenerants of triticale. Plant morphology, seed set and seed quality were better predictors of aneuploidy, as determined cytologically, than flow cytometry. Most aneuploids were hypoploids and these included Nullisomics, telosomics, and translocation lines; among 42 chromosome plants were nulli-tetrasomics. Rye chromosomes involved in aneuploidy greatly outnumbered wheat chromosomes; in C0 rye chromosomes 2R and 5R were most frequently involved. While the frequency of nullisomy 2R was fairly constant in most cross combinations, nullisomy 5R was more frequent in the most recalcitrant combination, and its frequency increased with time spent in culture with up to 70 % of green plants recovered late being Nullisomic 5R. Given that 5R was not Communicated by M. Jordan
-
Aneuploidy among androgenic progeny of hexaploid triticale (XTriticosecale Wittmack)
Plant Cell Reports, 2011Co-Authors: Sylwia Oleszczuk, Julita Rabiza-swider, Janusz Zimny, Adam J LukaszewskiAbstract:Doubled haploids are an established tool in plant breeding and research. Of several methods for their production, androgenesis is technically simple and can efficiently produce substantial numbers of lines. It is well suited to such crops as hexaploid triticale. Owing to meiotic irregularities of triticale hybrids, aneuploidy may affect the efficiency of androgenesis more severely than in meiotically stable crops. This study addresses the issue of aneuploidy among androgenic regenerants of triticale. Plant morphology, seed set and seed quality were better predictors of aneuploidy, as determined cytologically, than flow cytometry. Most aneuploids were hypoploids and these included Nullisomics, telosomics, and translocation lines; among 42 chromosome plants were nulli-tetrasomics. Rye chromosomes involved in aneuploidy greatly outnumbered wheat chromosomes; in C_0 rye chromosomes 2R and 5R were most frequently involved. While the frequency of nullisomy 2R was fairly constant in most cross combinations, nullisomy 5R was more frequent in the most recalcitrant combination, and its frequency increased with time spent in culture with up to 70% of green plants recovered late being Nullisomic 5R. Given that 5R was not involved in meiotic aberrations with an above-average frequency, it is possible that its absence promotes androgenesis or green plant regeneration. Overall, aneuploidy among tested combinations reduced the average efficiency of double haploid production by 35% and by 69% in one recalcitrant combination, seriously reducing the yield of useful lines.
-
Chromosome aberrations in wheat Nullisomic-tetrasomic and ditelosomic lines
Cereal Research Communications, 1999Co-Authors: K. M. Devos, Adam J Lukaszewski, M. E. Sorrells, J. A. Anderson, T. E. Miller, S. M. Reader, J. Dubcovsky, P. J. Sharp, J. Faris, M. D. GaleAbstract:Polymorphisms, deletions and translocations have been identified in some of the Chinese Spring Nullisomic-tetrasomic and ditelosomic lines. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of the status of these materials.
Zhiyong Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
identification and genetic mapping of pm42 a new recessive wheat powdery mildew resistance gene derived from wild emmer triticum turgidum var dicoccoides
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2009Co-Authors: Wei Hua, Chaojie Xie, Qixin Sun, Tsomin Yang, Ziji Liu, Jie Zhu, Yilin Zhou, Xiayu Duan, Zhiyong LiuAbstract:Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most important wheat diseases worldwide in areas with cool or maritime climates. Wild emmer (Triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides) is an important potential donor of disease resistances and other traits for common wheat improvement. A powdery mildew resistance gene was transferred from wild emmer accession G-303-1M to susceptible common wheat by crossing and backcrossing, resulting in inbred line P63 (Yanda1817/G-303-1 M//3*Jing411, BC2F6). Genetic analysis of an F2 population and the F2:3 families developed from a cross of P63 and a susceptible common wheat line Xuezao showed that the powdery mildew resistance in P63 was controlled by a single recessive gene. Molecular markers and bulked segregant analysis were used to characterize and map the powdery mildew resistance gene. Nine genomic SSR markers (Xbarc7, Xbarc55, Xgwm148, Xgwm257, Xwmc35, Xwmc154, Xwmc257, Xwmc382, Xwmc477), five AFLP-derived SCAR markers (XcauG3, XcauG6, XcauG10, XcauG20, XcauG22), three EST–STS markers (BQ160080, BQ160588, BF146221) and one RFLP-derived STS marker (Xcau516) were linked to the resistance gene, designated pm42, in P63. pm42 was physically mapped on chromosome 2BS bin 0.75–0.84 using Chinese Spring Nullisomic-tetrasomic, ditelosomic and deletion lines, and was estimated to be more than 30 cM proximal to Xcau516, a RFLP-derived STS marker that co-segregated with the wild emmer-derived Pm26 which should be physically located in 2BS distal bin 0.84–1.00. pm42 was highly effective against 18 of 21 differential Chinese isolates of B. graminis f. sp. tritici. The closely linked molecular markers will enable the rapid transfer of pm42 to wheat breeding populations thus adding to their genetic diversity.
-
molecular characterization of a stripe rust resistance gene from wheat line s2199 and its allelism with yr5
Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2008Co-Authors: Tilin Fang, Ying Cheng, L I Genqiao, X U Shichang, Chaojie Xie, Mingshan You, Zuomin Yang, Qixin Sun, Zhiyong LiuAbstract:Abstract Yellow rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (PST), is one of the most devastating diseases in common wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. Molecular markers are powerful tools in marker-assisted selection, gene pyramiding, and gene cloning of important crop traits, especially for disease resistance. The objectives of this study were to develop tightly linked molecular marker of a yellow rust resistance gene against the prevalent Chinese races of PST in an improved wheat line S2199 and to characterize its allelism with Yr5 . Genetic analysis indicated that a single dominant gene was responsible for the yellow rust resistance in S2199, which was temporarily designated as YrS2199 . By screening 1,856 pairs of SSR primers, 2 markers, Xdp269 and Xgwm120 , were linked to the yellow rust resistance gene with genetic distance of 0.7 and 11.0 cM, respectively. The SSR marker Xgwm120 has been genetically and physically mapped on 2BL chromosome arm in wheat. Using Chinese Spring Nullisomic-tetrasomics, ditelosomics, and deletion lines of homoeologous group 2, Xdp269 was physically mapped on the terminal bin (0.89–1.0) of chromosome arm 2BL. Both allelism test of 700 F 2 plants from the cross YrS2199/Yr5 and seedling tests of YrS2199 and Yr5 on 14 PST isolates indicated that YrS2199 and Yr5 were likely to be the same gene or allelic genes. The YrS2199 tightly linked to SSR marker Xdp269 can be used as a potential tool for cloning the yellow rust resistance gene or for marker assisted breeding program.
-
molecular characterization of a novel powdery mildew resistance gene pm30 in wheat originating from wild emmer
Euphytica, 2002Co-Authors: Zhiyong Liu, Qixin Sun, Eviatar Nevo, Tsomin YangAbstract:Powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici is one of the most important wheat diseases in many regions of theworld. A powdery mildew resistance gene, originating from wild emmerwheat (Triticum dicoccoides) accession `C20', from Rosh Pinna, Israel,was successfully transferred to hexaploid wheat through crossing andbackcrossing. Genetic analysis indicated that a single dominant genecontrols the powdery mildew resistance at the seedling stage. SegregatingBC1F2 progenies of the cross 87-1/C20//2*8866 wereused for bulked segregant analysis (BSA). The PCR approach was used togenerate polymorphic DNA fragments between the resistant and susceptibleDNA pools by use of 10-mer random primers, STS primers, and wheatmicrosatellite primers. Three markers, Xgwm159/430,Xgwm159/460, and Xgwm159/500, were found to be linked tothe resistance gene. After evaluating the polymorphic markers in twosegregating populations, the distance between the markers and the mildewresistance gene was estimated to be 5–6 cM. By means of ChineseSpring Nullisomic-tetrasomics and ditelosomics, the polymorphic markersand the resistance gene were assigned to chromosome arm 5BS and werephysically mapped on the gene rich regions of fragment length (FL) 0.41–0.43 by Chinese Spring deletion lines. As no powdery mildew resistancegene has been reported on chromosome arm 5BS, the mildew resistancegene originating from C20 should be a new gene and is designated Pm30.
Shotaro Takenaka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Chromosome Arm Locations of Barley Sucrose Transporter Gene in Transgenic Winter Wheat Lines.
Frontiers in plant science, 2019Co-Authors: Shotaro Takenaka, Winfriede Weschke, Bettina Brückner, Minoru Murata, Takashi R. EndoAbstract:Three transgenic HOSUT lines of winter wheat, HOSUT12, HOSUT20, and HOSUT24, each harbor a single copy of the cDNA for the barley sucrose transporter gene HvSUT1 (SUT), which was fused to the barley endosperm-specific Hordein B1 promoter (HO; the HOSUT transgene). Previously, flow cytometry combined with PCR analysis demonstrated that the HOSUT transgene had been integrated into different wheat chromosomes: 7A, 5D, and 4A in HOSUT12, HOSUT20, and HOSUT24, respectively. In order to confirm the chromosomal location of the HOSUT transgene by a cytological approach using wheat aneuploid stocks, we crossed corresponding Nullisomic-tetrasomic lines with the three HOSUT lines, namely Nullisomic 7A-tetrasomic 7B with HOSUT12, Nullisomic 5D-tetrasomic 5B with HOSUT20, and Nullisomic 4A-tetrasomic 4B with HOSUT24. We examined the resulting chromosomal constitutions and the presence of the HOSUT transgene in the F2 progeny by means of chromosome banding and PCR. The chromosome banding patterns of the critical chromosomes in the original HOSUT lines showed no difference from those of the corresponding wild type chromosomes. The presence or absence of the critical chromosomes completely corresponded to the presence or absence of the HOSUT transgene in the F2 plants. Investigating telocentric chromosomes occurred in the F2 progeny, which were derived from the respective critical HOSUT chromosomes, we found that the HOSUT transgene was individually integrated on the long arms of chromosomes 4A, 7A, and 5D in the three HOSUT lines. Thus, in this study we verified the chromosomal locations of the transgene, which had previously been determined by flow cytometry, and moreover revealed the chromosome-arm locations of the HOSUT transgene in the HOSUT lines.
-
Data_Sheet_1_Chromosome Arm Locations of Barley Sucrose Transporter Gene in Transgenic Winter Wheat Lines.PDF
2019Co-Authors: Shotaro Takenaka, Winfriede Weschke, Bettina Brückner, Minoru Murata, Takashi R. EndoAbstract:Three transgenic HOSUT lines of winter wheat, HOSUT12, HOSUT20, and HOSUT24, each harbor a single copy of the cDNA for the barley sucrose transporter gene HvSUT1 (SUT), which was fused to the barley endosperm-specific Hordein B1 promoter (HO; the HOSUT transgene). Previously, flow cytometry combined with PCR analysis demonstrated that the HOSUT transgene had been integrated into different wheat chromosomes: 7A, 5D, and 4A in HOSUT12, HOSUT20, and HOSUT24, respectively. In order to confirm the chromosomal location of the HOSUT transgene by a cytological approach using wheat aneuploid stocks, we crossed corresponding Nullisomic-tetrasomic lines with the three HOSUT lines, namely Nullisomic 7A-tetrasomic 7B with HOSUT12, Nullisomic 5D-tetrasomic 5B with HOSUT20, and Nullisomic 4A-tetrasomic 4B with HOSUT24. We examined the resulting chromosomal constitutions and the presence of the HOSUT transgene in the F2 progeny by means of chromosome banding and PCR. The chromosome banding patterns of the critical chromosomes in the original HOSUT lines showed no difference from those of the corresponding wild type chromosomes. The presence or absence of the critical chromosomes completely corresponded to the presence or absence of the HOSUT transgene in the F2 plants. Investigating telocentric chromosomes occurred in the F2 progeny, which were derived from the respective critical HOSUT chromosomes, we found that the HOSUT transgene was individually integrated on the long arms of chromosomes 4A, 7A, and 5D in the three HOSUT lines. Thus, in this study we verified the chromosomal locations of the transgene, which had previously been determined by flow cytometry, and moreover revealed the chromosome-arm locations of the HOSUT transgene in the HOSUT lines.
