The Experts below are selected from a list of 38670 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Michel Chauliac - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the french national Nutrition and health program 2001 2006 2010
International Journal of Public Health, 2008Co-Authors: Serge Hercberg, Stacie Chatyung, Michel ChauliacAbstract:Objectives: Established in 2001–2005 then extended to 2010, the French National Nutrition and Health Program (PNNS) is a Nutrition Policy whose objective is to improve the health status of the population by acting on one of its major determinants, Nutrition.
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the french national Nutrition and health program 2001 2006 2010
International Journal of Public Health, 2008Co-Authors: Serge Hercberg, Stacie Chatyung, Michel ChauliacAbstract:Established in 2001–2005 then extended to 2010, the French National Nutrition and Health Program (PNNS) is a Nutrition Policy whose objective is to improve the health status of the population by acting on one of its major determinants, Nutrition. Nine priority objectives focusing on diet, physical activity and Nutritional status were determined. Program strategies are based on fundamental principles including food culture, pleasure, and gastronomy. This multidisciplinary program involves stakeholders from ministries, research and educational institutions, food industry, healthcare, and consumers. More than 75 % of the public health actions planned were accomplished or in progress by the end of 2005, particularly those concerning Nutrition communication, education, research and Nutritional surveillance. Dietary guidelines were established and are now considered the official reference in France. Actions focusing on the healthcare system, economic actors and players and specific population groups need further development. The success of a public health program like the PNNS requires a combination of synergistic and complementary actions, measures, regulations and laws. A national study at the end of the PNNS will determine if objectives were achieved.
Sharon Friel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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opportunities and challenges in developing a whole of government national food and Nutrition Policy lessons from australia s national food plan
Public Health Nutrition, 2016Co-Authors: Rachel Carey, Martin Caraher, Mark Lawrence, Sharon FrielAbstract:OBJECTIVE: The present article tracks the development of the Australian National Food Plan as a 'whole of government' food Policy that aimed to integrate elements of Nutrition and sustainability alongside economic objectives. DESIGN: The article uses Policy analysis to explore the processes of consultation and stakeholder involvement in the development of the National Food Plan, focusing on actors from the sectors of industry, civil society and government. Existing documentation and submissions to the Plan were used as data sources. Models of health Policy analysis and Policy streams were employed to analyse Policy development processes. SETTING: Australia. SUBJECTS: Australian food Policy stakeholders. RESULTS: The development of the Plan was influenced by powerful industry groups and stakeholder engagement by the lead ministry favoured the involvement of actors representing the food and agriculture industries. Public health Nutrition and civil society relied on traditional methods of Policy influence, and the public health Nutrition movement failed to develop a unified cross-sector alliance, while the private sector engaged in different ways and presented a united front. The National Food Plan failed to deliver an integrated food Policy for Australia. Nutrition and sustainability were effectively sidelined due to the focus on global food production and positioning Australia as a food 'superpower' that could take advantage of the anticipated 'dining boom' as incomes rose in the Asia-Pacific region. CONCLUSIONS: New forms of industry influence are emerging in the food Policy arena and public health Nutrition will need to adopt new approaches to influencing public Policy.
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will the next generation of preferential trade and investment agreements undermine prevention of noncommunicable diseases a prospective Policy analysis of the trans pacific partnership agreement
Health Policy, 2015Co-Authors: Anne Marie Thow, Ronald Labonte, Wendy Snowdon, Deborah Gleeson, David Stuckler, Libby Hattersley, Ashley Schram, Adrian Kay, Sharon FrielAbstract:The Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPPA) is one of a new generation of 'deep' preferential trade and investment agreements that will extend many of the provisions seen in previous agreements. This paper presents a prospective Policy analysis of the likely text of the TPPA, with reference to Nutrition Policy space. Specifically, we analyse how the TPPA may constrain governments' Policy space to implement the 'Policy options for promoting a healthy diet' in the World Health Organization's Global Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) 2013-2020. This Policy analysis suggests that if certain binding commitments are made under the TPPA, they could constrain the ability of governments to protect Nutrition Policy from the influence of vested interests, reduce the range of interventions available to actively discourage consumption of less healthy food (and to promote healthy food) and limit governments' capacity to implement these interventions, and reduce resources available for Nutrition education initiatives. There is scope to protect Policy space by including specific exclusions and/or exceptions during negotiation of trade and investment agreements like the TPPA, and by strengthening global health frameworks for Nutrition to enable them to be used as reference during disputes in trade fora.
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will the next generation of preferential trade and investment agreements undermine prevention of noncommunicable diseases a prospective Policy analysis of the trans pacific partnership agreement
Health Policy, 2015Co-Authors: Anne Marie Thow, Ronald Labonte, Wendy Snowdon, Deborah Gleeson, David Stuckler, Libby Hattersley, Ashley Schram, Sharon FrielAbstract:The Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPPA) is one of a new generation of ‘deep’ preferential trade and investment agreements that will extend many of the provisions seen in previous agreements. This paper presents a prospective Policy analysis of the likely text of the TPPA, with reference to Nutrition Policy space. Specifically, we analyse how the TPPA may constrain governments’ Policy space to implement the ‘Policy options for promoting a healthy diet’ in the World Health Organization's Global Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) 2013–2020.
Ffion Lloydwilliams - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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smorgasbord or symphony assessing public health Nutrition policies across 30 european countries using a novel framework
BMC Public Health, 2014Co-Authors: Ffion Lloydwilliams, Helen Bromley, Lois Orton, Corinna Hawkes, David Taylorrobinson, Martin Oflaherty, Rory Mcgill, Elspeth Anwar, Lirije Hyseni, M MoonanAbstract:Countries across Europe have introduced a wide variety of policies to improve Nutrition. However, the sheer diversity of interventions represents a potentially bewildering smorgasbord. We aimed to map existing public health Nutrition policies, and examine their perceived effectiveness, in order to inform future evidence-based diet strategies. We created a public health Nutrition Policy database for 30 European countries . National Nutrition policies were classified and assigned using the marketing "4Ps" approach Product (reformulation, elimination, new healthier products); Price (taxes, subsidies); Promotion (advertising, food labelling, health education) and Place (schools, workplaces, etc.). We interviewed 71 senior Policy-makers, public health Nutrition Policy experts and academics from 14 of the 30 countries, eliciting their views on diverse current and possible Nutrition strategies. Product Voluntary reformulation of foods is widespread but has variable and often modest impact. Twelve countries regulate maximum salt content in specific foods. Denmark, Austria, Iceland and Switzerland have effective trans fats bans. Price EU School Fruit Scheme subsidies are almost universal, but with variable implementation. Taxes are uncommon. However, Finland, France, Hungary and Latvia have implemented ‘sugar taxes’ on sugary foods and sugar-sweetened beverages. Finland, Hungary and Portugal also tax salty products. Promotion Dialogue, recommendations, Nutrition guidelines, labelling, information and education campaigns are widespread. Restrictions on marketing to children are widespread but mostly voluntary. Place Interventions reducing the availability of unhealthy foods were most commonly found in schools and workplace canteens. Interviewees generally considered mandatory reformulation more effective than voluntary, and regulation and fiscal interventions much more effective than information strategies, but also politically more challenging. Public health Nutrition policies in Europe appear diverse, dynamic, complex and bewildering. The "4Ps" framework potentially offers a structured and comprehensive categorisation. Encouragingly, the majority of European countries are engaged in activities intended to increase consumption of healthy food and decrease the intake of "junk" food and sugary drinks. Leading countries include Finland, Norway, Iceland, Denmark, Hungary, Portugal and perhaps the UK. However, all countries fall short of optimal activities. More needs to be done across Europe to implement the most potentially powerful fiscal and regulatory Nutrition policies.
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abstract p409 assessing public health Nutrition policies using a novel framework across 30 european countries lessons for the usa
Circulation, 2014Co-Authors: Ffion Lloydwilliams, Helen Bromley, Lois Orton, Corinna Hawkes, David Taylorrobinson, Martin Oflaherty, Rory Mcgill, Elspeth Anwar, Lirije Hyseni, Maria Guzman CastilloAbstract:Background: Countries across Europe have introduced a wide variety of policies to improve Nutrition. However, the sheer diversity of interventions is potentially bewildering. We therefore aimed to map existing public health Nutrition policies and identify their perceived effectiveness, in order to inform future evidence-based diet strategies. Methods: Mapping exercise: We created a public health Nutrition Policy database for 30 European countries (EU 27 plus Iceland, Norway and Switzerland), by summarising Policy documents, grey literature, web searches and advice from topic experts. National Nutrition policies were then classified using the marketing “4Ps” approach: Product (reformulation, elimination, new healthier products); Price (taxes, subsidies); Promotion (advertising, food labelling and health education) and Place (schools, workplaces, etc.) Policy interviews: We interviewed 71 senior Policy-makers, public health Nutrition Policy experts and academics from 14 of the 30 countries, eliciting their views on diverse current and possible Nutrition strategies. Results Product: Voluntary reformulation of foods, (especially salt, sugar and total fat) is widespread but with questionable impact. Denmark, Austria, Iceland and Switzerland have trans fats bans. Twelve countries regulate maximum salt content in specific foods. Price: EU School Fruit Scheme subsidies are almost universal, with variable implementation. Taxes are uncommon. However, Finland, France, Hungary and Latvia have implemented ‘sugar taxes’ on sugary foods and sugar-sweetened beverages. Finland, Hungary and Portugal also tax salty products. Promotion: Dialogue, recommendations, Nutrition guidelines, information and education campaigns are widespread (all 30 countries). Labelling information is widespread, but variable. Restrictions on marketing to children are widespread but mostly voluntary. Place: Interventions reducing the availability of unhealthy foods were most commonly found in schools and workplace canteens (e.g. vending machines). Comparative effectiveness: Interviewees generally considered mandatory reformulation more effective than voluntary, and regulation and fiscal interventions much more effective than information strategies, but politically much more challenging. Implications: Public health Nutrition policies in Europe appear diverse, dynamic, complex and bewildering. However, the “4Ps” framework potentially offers a structured and comprehensive categorisation. Most European countries are active in Nutrition Policy. However, exemplars are few, including Finland, Norway, Iceland, Denmark, Hungary, Portugal and the UK. Do these offer any useful lessons for US states addressing similar challenges? In conclusion, fiscal and regulatory Nutrition policies appear potentially powerful and should be considered across Europe, and perhaps across the US?
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young children s food in liverpool day care settings a qualitative study of pre school Nutrition Policy and practice
Public Health Nutrition, 2011Co-Authors: Ffion Lloydwilliams, Katie Bristow, Simon Capewell, Modi MwatsamaAbstract:Objective: To explore Nutrition and food provision in pre-school nurseries in order to develop interventions to promote healthy eating in early years settings, especially across deprived communities. Design: An ethnographic approach was used combining participant observation with semi-structured interviews. Research participants were selected purposively using convenience sampling. Setting: Community pre-school nurseries. Subjects: Nursery managers (n 9), cooks (n 6), staff (n 12), parents (n 12) and children at six nurseries (four private and two attached to children’s centres) in Liverpool, UK. Results: Private nurseries had minimal access to information and guidelines. Most nurseries did not have a specific healthy eating Policy but used menu planning to maintain a focus on healthy eating. No staff had training in healthy eating for children under the age of 5 years. However, enthusiasm and interest were widespread. The level and depth of communication between the nursery and parents was important. Meal times can be an important means of developing social skills and achieving Early Years Foundation Stage competencies. Conclusions: Nurseries are genuinely interested in providing appropriate healthy food for under-5s but require support. This includes: improved mechanisms for effective communication between all government levels as well as with nurseries; and funded training for cooks and managers in menu planning, cost-effective food sourcing and food preparation. Interventions to support healthy eating habits in young children developed at the area level need to be counterbalanced by continued appropriate national-level public health initiatives to address socioeconomic differences.
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p41 young children s food in day care settings a qualitative study of preschool Nutrition Policy and practice
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 2010Co-Authors: Katie Bristow, Simon Capewell, Ffion LloydwilliamsAbstract:Objectives To explore Nutrition in local day care settings in order to develop a package of interventions that will promote healthy eating in Liverpool across deprived communities. Design Qualitative—participant observation, direct observation, interviews. Setting Community—preschool nurseries. Participants Nursery managers, cooks, staff, parents, children (total=36). Main Outcome Measures Up to date assessments of food Policy and provision in a range of nursery settings highlighting inequalities in good practice and gaps in existing evidence. Identification of specific needs and barriers in nurseries serving areas of deprivation. Results Nurseries have a potentially important role in supporting parents in their children9s and their own healthy eating. Level and depth of communication between the nursery and parents is important regarding what children have eaten both at home and at the nursery. Private nurseries have minimal access to information and guidelines compared to those based in Sure Start children9s centres. Most nurseries do not have a specific healthy eating Policy but use their menu planning as the way to maintain a focus on healthy eating. Most nurseries have an appropriately balanced 4-week menu plan. Use of gravy and pre-prepared sauces is problematic and needs attention. Cooks9 level of knowledge, experience and motivation is important. None had been trained in healthy eating for under fives. Meal times can be an important means of developing social skills and achieving Early Years Foundation Stage competencies. Making meal times fun and appropriate-sized cutlery and crockery are important to encourage children to eat. Communication between different levels of government and departments needs strengthening. Additional funding for training will be, essential to promote menu planning and cooking, but also for encouraging healthy eating and learning through food. Conclusions Nurseries are genuinely interested in implementing healthy eating policies and need further support to achieve this. Support should include: improved mechanisms for effective communication between all government levels as well as with nurseries; funded training for cooks and managers in menu planning, cost effective food sourcing, and food preparation. Classroom staff should receive training in strategies to encourage healthy eating habits and how to facilitate food related learning and social skills development. Nurseries appear to have a key role in working with parents to encourage healthy eating at home. Further research is needed to understand the ways in which nurseries can be supported to achieve this.
Serge Hercberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the french national Nutrition and health program 2001 2006 2010
International Journal of Public Health, 2008Co-Authors: Serge Hercberg, Stacie Chatyung, Michel ChauliacAbstract:Objectives: Established in 2001–2005 then extended to 2010, the French National Nutrition and Health Program (PNNS) is a Nutrition Policy whose objective is to improve the health status of the population by acting on one of its major determinants, Nutrition.
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the french national Nutrition and health program 2001 2006 2010
International Journal of Public Health, 2008Co-Authors: Serge Hercberg, Stacie Chatyung, Michel ChauliacAbstract:Established in 2001–2005 then extended to 2010, the French National Nutrition and Health Program (PNNS) is a Nutrition Policy whose objective is to improve the health status of the population by acting on one of its major determinants, Nutrition. Nine priority objectives focusing on diet, physical activity and Nutritional status were determined. Program strategies are based on fundamental principles including food culture, pleasure, and gastronomy. This multidisciplinary program involves stakeholders from ministries, research and educational institutions, food industry, healthcare, and consumers. More than 75 % of the public health actions planned were accomplished or in progress by the end of 2005, particularly those concerning Nutrition communication, education, research and Nutritional surveillance. Dietary guidelines were established and are now considered the official reference in France. Actions focusing on the healthcare system, economic actors and players and specific population groups need further development. The success of a public health program like the PNNS requires a combination of synergistic and complementary actions, measures, regulations and laws. A national study at the end of the PNNS will determine if objectives were achieved.
Anne Marie Thow - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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who influences Nutrition Policy space using international trade and investment agreements a global stakeholder analysis
Globalization and Health, 2021Co-Authors: Kelly Garton, Boyd Swinburn, Anne Marie ThowAbstract:BACKGROUND Regulation of food environments is needed to address the global challenge of poor Nutrition, yet Policy inertia has been a problem. A common argument against regulation is potential conflict with binding commitments under international trade and investment agreements (TIAs). This study aimed to identify which actors and institutions, in different contexts, influence how TIAs are used to constrain Policy space for improving food environments, and to describe their core beliefs, interests, resources and strategies, with the objective of informing strategic global action to preserve Nutrition Policy space. METHODS We conducted a global stakeholder analysis applying the Advocacy Coalition Framework, based on existing academic literature and key informant interviews with international experts in trade and investment law and public health Nutrition Policy. RESULTS We identified 12 types of actors who influence Policy space in the food environment Policy subsystem, relevant to TIAs. These actors hold various beliefs regarding the economic Policy paradigm, the nature of obesity and dietary diseases as health problems, the role of government, and the role of industry in solving the health problem. We identified two primary competing coalitions: 1) a 'public health Nutrition' coalition, which is overall supportive of and actively working to enact comprehensive food environment regulation; and 2) an 'industry and economic growth' focussed coalition, which places a higher priority on deregulation and is overall not supportive of comprehensive food environment regulation. The industry and economic growth coalition appears to be dominant, based on its relative power, resources and coordination. However, the public health Nutrition coalition maintains influence through individual activism, collective lobbying and government pressure (e.g. by civil society), and expert knowledge generation. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis suggests that industry and economic growth-focussed coalitions are highly capable of leveraging networks, institutional structures and ideologies to their advantage, and are a formidable source of opposition acting to constrain Nutrition Policy space globally, including through TIAs. Opportunities for global public health Nutrition coalitions to strengthen their influence in the support of Nutrition Policy space include strategic evidence generation and coalition-building through broader engagement and capacity-building.
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international trade and investment agreements as barriers to food environment regulation for public health Nutrition a realist review
International journal of health policy and management, 2020Co-Authors: Kelly Garton, Anne Marie Thow, Boyd SwinburnAbstract:Background Achieving healthy food systems will require regulation across the supply chain; however, binding international economic agreements may be constraining Policy space for regulatory intervention in a way that limits uptake of ‘best-practice’ Nutrition Policy. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms through which this occurs, and under which conditions, can inform public health engagement with the economic Policy sector. Methods We conducted a realist review of Nutrition, Policy and legal literature to identify mechanisms through which international trade and investment agreements (TIAs) constrain Policy space for priority food environment regulations to prevent non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Recommended regulations explored include fiscal policies, product bans, Nutrition labelling, advertising restrictions, nutrient composition regulations, and procurement policies. The process involved 5 steps: initial conceptual framework development; search for relevant empirical literature; study selection and appraisal; data extraction; analysis and synthesis, and framework revision. Results Twenty-six studies and 30 institutional records of formal trade/investment disputes or specific trade concerns (STCs) raised were included. We identified 13 cases in which TIA constraints on Nutrition Policy space could be observed. Significant constraints on Nutrition Policy space were documented with respect to fiscal policies, product bans, and labelling policies in 4 middle-income country jurisdictions, via 3 different TIAs. In 7 cases, trade-related concerns were raised but policies were ultimately preserved. Two of the included cases were ongoing at the time of analysis.TIAs constrained Policy space through 1) TIA rules and principles (non- discrimination, necessity, international standards, transparency, intellectual property rights, expropriation, and fair and equitable treatment), and 2) interaction with Policy design (objectives framed, products/services affected, nutrient thresholds chosen, formats, and time given to comment or implement). Contextual factors of importance included: actors/institutions, and political/regulatory context. Conclusion Available evidence suggests that there are potential TIA contributors to Policy inertia on Nutrition. Strategic Policy design can avoid most substantive constraints. However, process constraints in the name of good regulatory practice (investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS), transparency, regulatory coherence, and harmonisation) pose a more serious threat of reducing government Policy space to enact healthy food policies.
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toward food Policy for the dual burden of malNutrition an exploratory Policy space analysis in india
Food and Nutrition Bulletin, 2016Co-Authors: Anne Marie Thow, Purnima Menon, Suneetha Kadiyala, Shweta Khandelwal, Shauna M Downs, K S ReddyAbstract:Background:There is global consensus that a strong Policy response is essential for addressing the dual burden of malNutrition. However, Policy makers in low- and middle-income countries may perceive a conflict between food supply policies to combat persistent underNutrition and more recent recommendations for policies addressing rising rates of diet-related noncommunicable diseases (NCDs).Objective:This article explores the potential to use Policy space analysis to identify food supply Policy opportunities for addressing both underNutrition and diet-related NCDs and to support improved Policy coherence.Methods:We conducted an exploratory Policy space analysis to identify opportunities and constraints for integrated Nutrition Policy with respect to the food supply in India, where a dual burden of malNutrition has been well documented. We conducted a review of food supply policies and 27 key informant interviews (16 with stakeholders active in India’s national Nutrition Policy space, and 11 with Policy mak...
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will the next generation of preferential trade and investment agreements undermine prevention of noncommunicable diseases a prospective Policy analysis of the trans pacific partnership agreement
Health Policy, 2015Co-Authors: Anne Marie Thow, Ronald Labonte, Wendy Snowdon, Deborah Gleeson, David Stuckler, Libby Hattersley, Ashley Schram, Adrian Kay, Sharon FrielAbstract:The Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPPA) is one of a new generation of 'deep' preferential trade and investment agreements that will extend many of the provisions seen in previous agreements. This paper presents a prospective Policy analysis of the likely text of the TPPA, with reference to Nutrition Policy space. Specifically, we analyse how the TPPA may constrain governments' Policy space to implement the 'Policy options for promoting a healthy diet' in the World Health Organization's Global Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) 2013-2020. This Policy analysis suggests that if certain binding commitments are made under the TPPA, they could constrain the ability of governments to protect Nutrition Policy from the influence of vested interests, reduce the range of interventions available to actively discourage consumption of less healthy food (and to promote healthy food) and limit governments' capacity to implement these interventions, and reduce resources available for Nutrition education initiatives. There is scope to protect Policy space by including specific exclusions and/or exceptions during negotiation of trade and investment agreements like the TPPA, and by strengthening global health frameworks for Nutrition to enable them to be used as reference during disputes in trade fora.
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will the next generation of preferential trade and investment agreements undermine prevention of noncommunicable diseases a prospective Policy analysis of the trans pacific partnership agreement
Health Policy, 2015Co-Authors: Anne Marie Thow, Ronald Labonte, Wendy Snowdon, Deborah Gleeson, David Stuckler, Libby Hattersley, Ashley Schram, Sharon FrielAbstract:The Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPPA) is one of a new generation of ‘deep’ preferential trade and investment agreements that will extend many of the provisions seen in previous agreements. This paper presents a prospective Policy analysis of the likely text of the TPPA, with reference to Nutrition Policy space. Specifically, we analyse how the TPPA may constrain governments’ Policy space to implement the ‘Policy options for promoting a healthy diet’ in the World Health Organization's Global Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) 2013–2020.
