The Experts below are selected from a list of 1794 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Michael E. Stern - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Disease-Specific Expression of Conjunctiva Associated Lymphoid Tissue (CALT) in Mouse Models of Dry Eye Disease and Ocular Allergy
International journal of molecular sciences, 2020Co-Authors: Philipp Steven, Michael E. Stern, Daniel R. Saban, Sebastian Schwab, Anne Kiesewetter, Uta GehlsenAbstract:Conjunctiva-associated tissue (CALT) is assumed to play a crucial role in the immune system of the Ocular surface. Its function in several Ocular surface diseases (OSD) is still not fully understood. This study investigates the function of CALT in mouse models of dry-eye disease and Ocular Allergy. Since antigen-presentation is the central similarity in the pathologies, this study focuses on antigen-presentation in CALT Morphology and the expression of CALT, which was investigated in mice after induction of dry-eye, Ocular Allergy, topical antigen-stimulation, and after local depletion of phagocytic cells. Antigen uptake was investigated after the application of fluorescent ovalbumin (OVA). OSD influences the appearance and morphology of CALT in a disease-dependent manner. Ocular Allergy leads to an increase and dry-eye disease to a decrease in number and size of CALT. The development of CALT is dependent on the presence of APCs. Professional APCs are present in CALT, and soluble antigen is transported into the follicle. CALT appearance is disease-specific and indicative of differing functions. Although the specific involvement of CALT in OSD needs further study, the existence of functional APCS and antigen-uptake supports the hypothesis that CALT is an immunological key player at the Ocular surface.
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the th1 th2 paradigm in Ocular Allergy
Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2005Co-Authors: Michael E. Stern, Karyn F. Siemasko, Jerry Y. NiederkornAbstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW The paradigm that diseases are either Th1 mediated or Th2 mediated has recently been challenged in a number of classical Ocular diseases. The objective of this article is to highlight the importance of understanding the exact mechanisms of Th1 and Th2 cells in the pathology of Ocular Allergy. RECENT FINDINGS Current research of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in an animal model of Ocular Allergy demonstrates the intricate complex regulation by both subsets of cytokines of the disease process. Th2 prone BALB/c wild type mice sensitized and topically challenged with short ragweed for seven consecutive days (multi-hit) developed a sustained, chronic conjunctival inflammation. Significantly, IFN-gamma knockout mice in the multi-hit antigen challenge model had a reduced conjunctival cellular infiltrate. Evaluation of adhesion molecules that actively regulate cellular infiltration into the conjunctiva revealed a lack of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in multi-hit antigen challenged IFN-gamma knockout mice. SUMMARY Recent Ocular Allergy studies question the Th1/Th2 paradigm. These studies encourage further understanding of the intricate interactions of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in Ocular inflammatory disease. The following components of Th1 and Th2 cells in the development of chronic inflammation associated with allergic conjunctivitis will be discussed: T helper subsets Th1 and Th2 in Ocular inflammation, activation of T cells in the lymph node, and the role of IFN-gamma as the endothelium gatekeeper in the pathology of Th2-mediated allergic conjunctivitis.
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The Th1/Th2 paradigm in Ocular Allergy.
Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology, 2005Co-Authors: Michael E. Stern, Karyn F. Siemasko, Jerry Y. NiederkornAbstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW The paradigm that diseases are either Th1 mediated or Th2 mediated has recently been challenged in a number of classical Ocular diseases. The objective of this article is to highlight the importance of understanding the exact mechanisms of Th1 and Th2 cells in the pathology of Ocular Allergy. RECENT FINDINGS Current research of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in an animal model of Ocular Allergy demonstrates the intricate complex regulation by both subsets of cytokines of the disease process. Th2 prone BALB/c wild type mice sensitized and topically challenged with short ragweed for seven consecutive days (multi-hit) developed a sustained, chronic conjunctival inflammation. Significantly, IFN-gamma knockout mice in the multi-hit antigen challenge model had a reduced conjunctival cellular infiltrate. Evaluation of adhesion molecules that actively regulate cellular infiltration into the conjunctiva revealed a lack of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in multi-hit antigen challenged IFN-gamma knockout mice. SUMMARY Recent Ocular Allergy studies question the Th1/Th2 paradigm. These studies encourage further understanding of the intricate interactions of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in Ocular inflammatory disease. The following components of Th1 and Th2 cells in the development of chronic inflammation associated with allergic conjunctivitis will be discussed: T helper subsets Th1 and Th2 in Ocular inflammation, activation of T cells in the lymph node, and the role of IFN-gamma as the endothelium gatekeeper in the pathology of Th2-mediated allergic conjunctivitis.
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Animal models of Ocular Allergy and their clinical correlations.
Current allergy and asthma reports, 2003Co-Authors: Margarita Calonge, Karyn F. Siemasko, Michael E. SternAbstract:Ocular allergic diseases represent a wide spectrum of disorders, from the acute self-limited, mild form of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis to the chronic, severe, sight-threatening atopic keratoconjunctivitis. The least problematic forms are the most prevalent, and several animal models have contributed to elucidate their etiopathogenetic mechanisms and have served to test numerous anti-allergic compounds. The most severe and chronic, although less prevalent, Ocular allergic problems have not benefited from a similar advance, with the subsequent lack of full understanding and a limited therapeutic armamentarium. Research in this field is currently concentrating efforts in developing more protracted models of Ocular allergic inflammation involving the cornea and mimicking more closely the human disease caused by chronic Ocular Allergy. Most recent experimental models are demonstrating that inhibiting Th2 cells and their secreted cytokines might be one important therapeutic target for inhibiting chronic allergic inflammation in the Ocular surface.
Leonard Bielory - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cosmetics and Ocular Allergy
Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2018Co-Authors: Matthew R. Norris, Leonard BieloryAbstract:Purpose of reviewThe purpose of this review was to explore recent developments in the study of Ocular cosmetics, as they pertain to adverse reactions that can be attributed to them.Recent findingsImmunologically mediated adverse reactions to cosmetics are most commonly the result of sensitization to
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Seasonal Ocular Allergy and pollen counts.
Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology, 2018Co-Authors: Arianna Prince, Matthew R. Norris, Leonard BieloryAbstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of the article is to provide a historical overview of literature regarding pollen sensitization and Ocular Allergy with an emphasis on developments that have occurred over the past 5 years. RECENT FINDINGS Currently, pollen studies have examined the molecular and cellular pathways involved in initiating allergic conjunctivitis to find targets for therapeutics. Studies have also documented the threshold, linear increase and plateau point in the relationship between pollen levels and allergic conjunctivitis symptoms. SUMMARY Traditionally, intact pollen grains are counted as a means of correlating patient symptoms to allergen exposure. However, establishing a dose-response relationship between pollen grain exposure and allergic conjunctivitis has proven to be difficult. It has been observed that Ocular allergies induce a two-fold response including early-phase and late-phase IgE-mediated reactions. Sensitization itself is a combination of pollen exposure over time in genetically predisposed individual. However, symptoms appear to reach an asymptotic point at which clinical severity plateaus. More studies are needed to clearly define differences in pollen sensitization by plant species.
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Ocular Allergy Treatment
Immunology and allergy clinics of North America, 2008Co-Authors: Leonard BieloryAbstract:Nonpharmacologic interventions are commonly used as first-line treatment of Ocular Allergy and include avoidance, cold compresses, lubrication, and the use of disposable daily contact lenses. Pharmacologic management of Ocular Allergy has increased exponentially over the past decade. Clinically available agents are being expanded to specifically address the various signs and symptoms of inflammation associated with Ocular Allergy. Immunotherapy has been shown to decrease the sensitivity of the eye 10 to 100 fold and may have an effect for several years after halting of immunotherapy.
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Ocular Allergy Overview
Immunology and allergy clinics of North America, 2008Co-Authors: Leonard BieloryAbstract:The prevalence of Ocular Allergy clearly is underappreciated and has been under diagnosed and undertreated. The Ocular symptoms associated with the most common Ocular Allergy conditions, such as seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis, are twice as likely to affect the Allergy sufferer rather than nasal symptoms alone. The differential diagnosis of conjunctivitis is quite broad, with the most common forms associated with allergies, infections, and hormones. There are common features and some discerning features that, with a good history and examination, may provide a more focused and appropriate management.
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Evidence-based study design in Ocular Allergy trials.
Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology, 2008Co-Authors: Constance H. Katelaris, Leonard BieloryAbstract:Purpose of review Until the last few years, there were few choices available for topical treatment for Ocular Allergy, but in recent years a plethora of new treatment options have become available for the management of Ocular allergic symptoms and so there is an increasing need to properly evaluate and compare treatment modalities. Recent findings In the US, Ocular symptoms severely affect 70–80% of seasonal allergic patients and 30% of the US population report nasal and Ocular symptoms for at least 1 week in the year. Studies have demonstrated that allergic symptoms have a significant impact on patients' quality of life. Recent findings Most commonly, Ocular Allergy studies have been designed to assess two variables, onset and duration of action of either topical or oral antihistamines. Mast cell stabilizing medications have also become available and are assessed for efficacy in blocking the allergic response after a period of use. Summary Allergists, ophthalmologists and statisticians need to confer and agree upon standardized criteria for Ocular Allergy trials. Development of a consensus on the conduct of Ocular Allergy trials will create greater uniformity in trials allowing for meaningful comparisons and facilitation of meta-analyses.
Jerry Y. Niederkorn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the th1 th2 paradigm in Ocular Allergy
Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2005Co-Authors: Michael E. Stern, Karyn F. Siemasko, Jerry Y. NiederkornAbstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW The paradigm that diseases are either Th1 mediated or Th2 mediated has recently been challenged in a number of classical Ocular diseases. The objective of this article is to highlight the importance of understanding the exact mechanisms of Th1 and Th2 cells in the pathology of Ocular Allergy. RECENT FINDINGS Current research of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in an animal model of Ocular Allergy demonstrates the intricate complex regulation by both subsets of cytokines of the disease process. Th2 prone BALB/c wild type mice sensitized and topically challenged with short ragweed for seven consecutive days (multi-hit) developed a sustained, chronic conjunctival inflammation. Significantly, IFN-gamma knockout mice in the multi-hit antigen challenge model had a reduced conjunctival cellular infiltrate. Evaluation of adhesion molecules that actively regulate cellular infiltration into the conjunctiva revealed a lack of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in multi-hit antigen challenged IFN-gamma knockout mice. SUMMARY Recent Ocular Allergy studies question the Th1/Th2 paradigm. These studies encourage further understanding of the intricate interactions of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in Ocular inflammatory disease. The following components of Th1 and Th2 cells in the development of chronic inflammation associated with allergic conjunctivitis will be discussed: T helper subsets Th1 and Th2 in Ocular inflammation, activation of T cells in the lymph node, and the role of IFN-gamma as the endothelium gatekeeper in the pathology of Th2-mediated allergic conjunctivitis.
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The Th1/Th2 paradigm in Ocular Allergy.
Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology, 2005Co-Authors: Michael E. Stern, Karyn F. Siemasko, Jerry Y. NiederkornAbstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW The paradigm that diseases are either Th1 mediated or Th2 mediated has recently been challenged in a number of classical Ocular diseases. The objective of this article is to highlight the importance of understanding the exact mechanisms of Th1 and Th2 cells in the pathology of Ocular Allergy. RECENT FINDINGS Current research of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in an animal model of Ocular Allergy demonstrates the intricate complex regulation by both subsets of cytokines of the disease process. Th2 prone BALB/c wild type mice sensitized and topically challenged with short ragweed for seven consecutive days (multi-hit) developed a sustained, chronic conjunctival inflammation. Significantly, IFN-gamma knockout mice in the multi-hit antigen challenge model had a reduced conjunctival cellular infiltrate. Evaluation of adhesion molecules that actively regulate cellular infiltration into the conjunctiva revealed a lack of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in multi-hit antigen challenged IFN-gamma knockout mice. SUMMARY Recent Ocular Allergy studies question the Th1/Th2 paradigm. These studies encourage further understanding of the intricate interactions of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in Ocular inflammatory disease. The following components of Th1 and Th2 cells in the development of chronic inflammation associated with allergic conjunctivitis will be discussed: T helper subsets Th1 and Th2 in Ocular inflammation, activation of T cells in the lymph node, and the role of IFN-gamma as the endothelium gatekeeper in the pathology of Th2-mediated allergic conjunctivitis.
Karyn F. Siemasko - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the th1 th2 paradigm in Ocular Allergy
Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2005Co-Authors: Michael E. Stern, Karyn F. Siemasko, Jerry Y. NiederkornAbstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW The paradigm that diseases are either Th1 mediated or Th2 mediated has recently been challenged in a number of classical Ocular diseases. The objective of this article is to highlight the importance of understanding the exact mechanisms of Th1 and Th2 cells in the pathology of Ocular Allergy. RECENT FINDINGS Current research of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in an animal model of Ocular Allergy demonstrates the intricate complex regulation by both subsets of cytokines of the disease process. Th2 prone BALB/c wild type mice sensitized and topically challenged with short ragweed for seven consecutive days (multi-hit) developed a sustained, chronic conjunctival inflammation. Significantly, IFN-gamma knockout mice in the multi-hit antigen challenge model had a reduced conjunctival cellular infiltrate. Evaluation of adhesion molecules that actively regulate cellular infiltration into the conjunctiva revealed a lack of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in multi-hit antigen challenged IFN-gamma knockout mice. SUMMARY Recent Ocular Allergy studies question the Th1/Th2 paradigm. These studies encourage further understanding of the intricate interactions of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in Ocular inflammatory disease. The following components of Th1 and Th2 cells in the development of chronic inflammation associated with allergic conjunctivitis will be discussed: T helper subsets Th1 and Th2 in Ocular inflammation, activation of T cells in the lymph node, and the role of IFN-gamma as the endothelium gatekeeper in the pathology of Th2-mediated allergic conjunctivitis.
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The Th1/Th2 paradigm in Ocular Allergy.
Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology, 2005Co-Authors: Michael E. Stern, Karyn F. Siemasko, Jerry Y. NiederkornAbstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW The paradigm that diseases are either Th1 mediated or Th2 mediated has recently been challenged in a number of classical Ocular diseases. The objective of this article is to highlight the importance of understanding the exact mechanisms of Th1 and Th2 cells in the pathology of Ocular Allergy. RECENT FINDINGS Current research of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in an animal model of Ocular Allergy demonstrates the intricate complex regulation by both subsets of cytokines of the disease process. Th2 prone BALB/c wild type mice sensitized and topically challenged with short ragweed for seven consecutive days (multi-hit) developed a sustained, chronic conjunctival inflammation. Significantly, IFN-gamma knockout mice in the multi-hit antigen challenge model had a reduced conjunctival cellular infiltrate. Evaluation of adhesion molecules that actively regulate cellular infiltration into the conjunctiva revealed a lack of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in multi-hit antigen challenged IFN-gamma knockout mice. SUMMARY Recent Ocular Allergy studies question the Th1/Th2 paradigm. These studies encourage further understanding of the intricate interactions of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in Ocular inflammatory disease. The following components of Th1 and Th2 cells in the development of chronic inflammation associated with allergic conjunctivitis will be discussed: T helper subsets Th1 and Th2 in Ocular inflammation, activation of T cells in the lymph node, and the role of IFN-gamma as the endothelium gatekeeper in the pathology of Th2-mediated allergic conjunctivitis.
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Animal models of Ocular Allergy and their clinical correlations.
Current allergy and asthma reports, 2003Co-Authors: Margarita Calonge, Karyn F. Siemasko, Michael E. SternAbstract:Ocular allergic diseases represent a wide spectrum of disorders, from the acute self-limited, mild form of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis to the chronic, severe, sight-threatening atopic keratoconjunctivitis. The least problematic forms are the most prevalent, and several animal models have contributed to elucidate their etiopathogenetic mechanisms and have served to test numerous anti-allergic compounds. The most severe and chronic, although less prevalent, Ocular allergic problems have not benefited from a similar advance, with the subsequent lack of full understanding and a limited therapeutic armamentarium. Research in this field is currently concentrating efforts in developing more protracted models of Ocular allergic inflammation involving the cornea and mimicking more closely the human disease caused by chronic Ocular Allergy. Most recent experimental models are demonstrating that inhibiting Th2 cells and their secreted cytokines might be one important therapeutic target for inhibiting chronic allergic inflammation in the Ocular surface.
Andrea Leonardi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Management of Ocular Allergy
Allergy, 2019Co-Authors: Andrea Leonardi, Virginia L. Calder, Diana Silva, Daniel Perez Formigo, Banu Bozkurt, Vibha Sharma, Pia Allegri, Carmen Rondon, Dermot Ryan, Marek L. KowalskiAbstract:The treatment and management of Ocular Allergy (OA) remain a major concern for different specialties, including allergists, ophthalmologists, primary care physicians, rhinologists, pediatricians, dermatologists, clinical immunologists, and pharmacists. We performed a systematic review of all relevant publications in MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web Science including systematic reviews and meta-analysis. Publications were considered relevant if they addressed treatments, or management strategies of OA. A further wider systematic literature search was performed if no evidence or good quality evidence was found. There are effective drugs for the treatment of OA; however, there is a lack an optimal treatment for the perennial and severe forms. Topical antihistamines, mast cell stabilizers, or double-action drugs are the first choice of treatment. All of them are effective in reducing signs and symptoms of OA. The safety and optimal dosing regimen of the most effective topical anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, are still a major concern. Topical calcineurin inhibitors may be used in steroid-dependent/resistant cases of severe allergic keratoconjunctivitis. Allergen-specific immunotherapy may be considered in cases of failure of first-line treatments or to modify the natural course of OA disease. Based on the current wealth of publications and on the collective experience, recommendations on management of OA have been proposed.
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Diagnostic tools in Ocular Allergy.
Allergy, 2017Co-Authors: Andrea Leonardi, J.-l. Fauquert, Serge Doan, Banu Bozkurt, Pia Allegri, Carmen Rondon, F. Marmouz, M. Jedrzejczak, P. W. Hellings, Luís DelgadoAbstract:Ocular Allergy (OA) includes a group of common and less frequent hypersensitivity disorders frequently misdiagnosed and not properly managed. The diagnosis of OA is usually based on clinical history and signs and symptoms, with the support of in vivo and in vitro tests when identification of the specific allergen is required. To date, no specific test is available for the diagnosis of the whole spectrum of the different forms of OA. The lack of recommendations on diagnosis of OA is considered a medical need not only for allergists but also for ophthalmologists. This position paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the currently available tools for diagnosing OA to promote a common nomenclature and procedures to be used by different specialists. Questionnaires, sign and symptom grading scales, tests, and potential biomarkers for OA are reviewed. We also identified several unmet needs in the diagnostic tools to generate interest, increase understanding, and inspire further investigations. Tools, recommendations, and algorithms for the diagnosis of OA are proposed for use by both allergists and ophthalmologists. Several unmet needs in the diagnostic tools should be further improved by specific clinical research in OA.
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alergie oczu rozpoznawanie i diagnostyka chorob po wierzchni oka wynikających z nadwrazliwości Ocular Allergy recognizing and diagnosing hypersensitivity disorders of the Ocular surface
2014Co-Authors: Andrea Leonardi, Ewa Bogacka, J.-l. Fauquert, Marek L. Kowalski, Anna Groblewska, Serge Doan, F. Marmouz, Pascal Demoly, Monika Jedrzejczakczechowicz, Luís DelgadoAbstract:Summary Ocular Allergy includes several clinically different conditions that can be considered as hypersensitivity disorders of the Ocular surface. The classification of these conditions is complex, and their epidemiology has not been adequately studied because of the lack of unequivocal nomenclature. Ocular Allergy symptoms are often, but not always, associated with other allergic manifestations, mostly rhinitis. However, specific Ocular allergic diseases need to be recognized and managed by a team that includes both an ophthalmologist and an allergist. The diagnosis of Ocular Allergy is usually based on clinical history and signs and symptoms, with the support of in vivo and in vitro tests when the identification of the specific allergic sensitization is required for patient management. The aims of this Task Force Report are (i) to unify the nomenclature and classification of Ocular Allergy, by combining the ophthalmology and Allergy Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma criteria; (ii) to describe current methods of diagnosis; (iii) to summarize the therapeutic options for the
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Ocular Allergy: recognizing and diagnosing hypersensitivity disorders of the Ocular surface
Allergy, 2012Co-Authors: Andrea Leonardi, Ewa Bogacka, J.-l. Fauquert, Marek L. Kowalski, Anna Groblewska, Monika Jedrzejczak-czechowicz, Serge Doan, F. Marmouz, Pascal Demoly, Luís DelgadoAbstract:Ocular Allergy includes several clinically different conditions that can be considered as hypersensitivity disorders of the Ocular surface. The classification of these conditions is complex, and their epidemiology has not been adequately studied because of the lack of unequivocal nomenclature. Ocular Allergy symptoms are often, but not always, associated with other allergic manifestations, mostly rhinitis. However, specific Ocular allergic diseases need to be recognized and managed by a team that includes both an ophthalmologist and an allergist. The diagnosis of Ocular Allergy is usually based on clinical history and signs and symptoms, with the support of in vivo and in vitro tests when the identification of the specific allergic sensitization is required for patient management. The aims of this Task Force Report are (i) to unify the nomenclature and classification of Ocular Allergy, by combining the ophthalmology and Allergy Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma criteria; (ii) to describe current methods of diagnosis; (iii) to summarize the therapeutic options for the management of Ocular allergic inflammation.
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Role of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) in Ocular Allergy and Uveitis
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, 2010Co-Authors: Andrea Leonardi, Francesca Urban, M. BortolottiAbstract:Ocular Allergy and uveitis are varied groups of inflammatory eye disorders characterized by complex and as yet ill-defined pathogeneses. Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) is the archetype of the serine protease inhibitor supergene family. AAT deficiency is one of many factors that may be involved in abnormalities such as liver and lung disease, inflammatory joint diseases, and inflammatory eye diseases. In the present review, the role played by AAT in Ocular inflammation is analyzed, particularly in vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and uveitis. Tear trypsin inhibitory capacity was shown to be reduced in VKC patients. In uveitis patients, a significant difference in AAT phenotypes was found compared to normal subjects. We propose that a reduced inhibitory capacity of ATT and AAT might facilitate or prolong different types of Ocular inflammation.
