The Experts below are selected from a list of 306 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Karan Sotoodeh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Manifold Technology in the Offshore Industry
2020Co-Authors: Karan SotoodehAbstract:Manifolds are widely used in the oil and gas Industry for the distribution of process fluids such as oil, gas, and water. Manifolds are designed to either merge multiple junctions into a single channel or divide one flow line to multiple outputs. The size of a manifold is selected by process engineers based on the flow rate passing through the manifold. Manifolds used in the Offshore Industry are made in 22Cr duplex instead of carbon steel to save thickness and weight. The manifolds described in this paper are either made of welding wrought tees or designed using a standard pipe as a header and welding olets to the pipe header. Mechanical joints (hubs and clamps) instead of standard ASME flanges are used for closing some of the manifold header ends as well as some of the branch connections to save weight and space. Traditionally, welding techniques and preparation of the welded ends has been done as per ASME B16.25, the common standard for butt welded connections in piping systems, including manifolds. However, narrow gap welding is an advanced welding end preparation in which the angle of the bevel end fitting is 7° to the vertical line. The advantages of narrow gap welding include using less weld electrodes, a faster welding process, and less heat input. This paper presents a method for calculating welding consumables volume and weight in one meter. The result shows that the amount of welding electrodes used for standard ASME welding is more than double the amount used for narrow gap welding.
-
analysis and improvement of material selection for process piping system in Offshore Industry
American journal of mechanical engineering, 2018Co-Authors: Karan SotoodehAbstract:Material failure mainly because of corrosion is a highly dangerous and expensive phenomenon in the Offshore sector of the oil and gas Industry, associated with severe negative consequences such as loss of asset, loss of production due to plant shutdown, loss of human life, and health, safety, and environment (HSE) problems (e.g. environmental pollution). Additionally, piping systems are produced in large numbers for the topside facilities in the oil and gas plants. Thus, the main aim of this paper is to introduce a novel approach for the piping material selection in the Offshore Industry to minimize the risk of piping corrosion and weight reduction with an optimum cost. The central focus of the study is to develop a material selection tool based on a systematic material selection approach and the existing literature, standards, and specifications. In this study, the optimal material selection strategy includes three well-known methods of screening: Cambridge material selector, value engineering (VE), and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). The proposed guideline is a practical reference for material and piping engineers in the Offshore Industry to select the best choice of material for a specific application. The main finding of this research is that 25% chromium super duplex stainless steel is the best choice of material for processing piping systems in Offshore plants for non-sour process (hydrocarbon) services. Super duplex stainless steel provides a high corrosion resistance and mechanical strength with the advantage of weight reduction for the selected facilities. A method of piping cost analysis is introduced to validate super duplex stainless steel as the most economical option.
-
analysis and improvement of material selection for process piping system in Offshore Industry
American journal of mechanical engineering, 2018Co-Authors: Karan SotoodehAbstract:Material failure mainly because of corrosion is a highly dangerous and expensive phenomenon in the Offshore sector of the oil and gas Industry, associated with severe negative consequences such as loss of asset, loss of production due to plant shutdown, loss of human life, and health, safety, and environment (HSE) problems (e.g. environmental pollution). Additionally, piping systems are produced in large numbers for the topside facilities in the oil and gas plants. Thus, the main aim of this paper is to introduce a novel approach for the piping material selection in the Offshore Industry to minimize the risk of piping corrosion and weight reduction with an optimum cost. The central focus of the study is to develop a material selection tool based on a systematic material selection approach and the existing literature, standards, and specifications. In this study, the optimal material selection strategy includes three well-known methods of screening: Cambridge material selector, value engineering (VE), and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). The proposed guideline is a practical reference for material and piping engineers in the Offshore Industry to select the best choice of material for a specific application. The main finding of this research is that 25% chromium super duplex stainless steel is the best choice of material for processing piping systems in Offshore plants for non-sour process (hydrocarbon) services. Super duplex stainless steel provides a high corrosion resistance and mechanical strength with the advantage of weight reduction for the selected facilities. A method of piping cost analysis is introduced to validate super duplex stainless steel as the most economical option.
Junbo Jia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
system design of underwater battery power system for marine and Offshore Industry
Journal of energy storage, 2019Co-Authors: Cheng Siong Chin, Junbo Jia, J Chiew, Wei Da Toh, Zuchang Gao, Caizhi Zhang, John MccannAbstract:Abstract Application of battery power systems increases in the marine and Offshore Industry. Most applications target to reduce the energy consumptions when the battery power system is wholly or partially used. The hardware and software of the battery power system design for underwater application are described. The testing of the battery power system is successfully performed in a water tank at low temperature of 4 °C that mimics subsea operating condition where most remotely-operated vehicle (ROV) operates. The average variation of state-of-charge for the 12-cell is approximately 5 percent after active cell balancing. The battery management system is capable of estimating the state-of-charge and using the data to perform the active cell balancing on each cell with different imbalanced state-of-charge values of at least 30 percent.
-
Seismic Analysis For Offshore Industry: Promoting State of the Practice Toward State of the Art
2012Co-Authors: Junbo JiaAbstract:Seismic analysis is an essential tool for ensuring the integrity of Offshore structures under strong ground motions, both in structures’ design and maintenance phases. However, with regard to Industry practice and prescriptive design code, the progress of seismic analysis has been significantly lagged behind the state of the art, mainly due to the challenges from the lack of decent computational tool, and more importantly, lack of knowledge competence of practicing engineers. Moreover, Offshore structures have their unique characteristics compare to their onland counterparts, this means that the seismic design and analysis experiences used for onland structures must be borrowed with care. To cope with these situations, the current state of the practice by Offshore industries and the state of the art of seismic analysis methods are presented. Emphasize is put on the pros and cons of each method, their prerequisites with regard to the determination of site specific ground motion input, and their post benefits toward the concurrent design and reanalysis. The experiences on various aspects of seismic analysis are discussed. It is concluded that, for seismic analysis of Offshore structures, among all analysis methods, the dominated methods in Industry practice had been shifted from the static coefficient method to the response spectrum method, and now has the trend of further promoting the nonlinear dynamic analysis. However, it is also presented that, the importance of recently developed seismic methods that mainly aim for facilitating the performance based design, has not been recognized by the Offshore Industry, which deserve to be promoted.
S. Arun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Composite materials in the Offshore Industry
Metals and Materials, 2016Co-Authors: A.g. Gibson, S. ArunAbstract:Abstract The composites have wide range of applications in different fields especially in Offshore oil and gas Industry, where it was used in the areas of pipe works and structural applications. The awareness of utilizing the composite material is still not deployed successfully in the above said fields. Hence an attempt was made to review the effective usage of composite materials in the field of Offshore Industry and its applications. It was noticed that further improvements in the field of deepwater construction using composite materials is necessary for the betterment of the Offshore Industry. The challenges for the future in Offshore Industry will be from shallow to deepwater construction and a probable change of emphasis from topside to subsea application. These challenges bring with them the possibility of greatly increased markets for both glass fiber-based and high-performance composites. Moreover, the development of functional graded composite material is essential for the suitable application and its effective usage. It is concluded that the further research in the field of composite material for the betterment of the Offshore Industry should be carried out with advanced smart materials.
Bjørn Bjorvatn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Shift work and age in petroleum Offshore Industry.
International Maritime Health, 2011Co-Authors: Siri Waage, Bente E. Moen, Stĺle Pallesen, Bjørn BjorvatnAbstract:Background. Shift work is associated with sleep and health problems. Tolerance to shift work is reported to decrease with age. Shift work tolerance should be considered in different shift work populations. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between age, shift work exposure, shift type, and morningness and sleep/health problems in oil rig shift workers. Material and methods. A total of 199 workers participated. They worked either two weeks of 12-h day shifts (n = 96) or two weeks of swing shifts (n = 103) (one week of 12-h night shifts followed by one week of 12-h day shifts), followed by four weeks off work. The workers filled out questionnaires on demographics, work, sleep, and health. Results. We found no significant associations between age or years of shift work exposure and any of the sleep, sleepiness, or health parameters. There was a significant association between shift type and sleep duration, showing that swing shift workers had longer sleep duration than day shift workers. In addition, we found a significant association between the interaction age*, shift type, and sleep duration, where sleep duration was negatively associated with age for the swing shift workers and positively associated with age for the day shift workers. There were significant associations between morningness and sleep latency, sleep efficiency, and insomnia. Conclusions. Older workers may tolerate shift work well. Age, shift work exposure time, and shift type seemed not to affect shift work tolerance in this population. However, this may be due to a healthy worker effect and/or selection bias. (Int Marit Health 2010; 61; 4: 251-257)
-
Are sleep difficulties in night work a problem for the Offshore Industry
Tidsskrift for Den Norske Laegeforening, 2004Co-Authors: Ståle Pallesen, Fred Holsten, Alvhild Alette Bjørkum, Bjørn BjorvatnAbstract:BACKGROUND Shift work is increasingly used in Industry and services; in the Norwegian Offshore Industry approximately 6750 employees work night shifts. We wanted to look into the implications of night shifts on sleep and circadian rhythm, with particularly focus on the Offshore sector. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted literature searches on Medline, covering the period from 1966 to 2003; only eight studies pertaining to the Offshore activity in the North Sea with emphasis on sleep and night work were identified. RESULTS Night shifts on oil platforms were associated with sleeping difficulties. The isolated setting on the installations in the North Sea probably facilitates biological adaptation to night work compared to work onshore. Light therapy has a documented effect for re-adaptation to normal daytime functioning upon returning home. INTERPRETATION Night work disturbs sleep. The level of functioning during the first night shifts is probably lower than the optimal level of functioning. Only a few studies of adaptation to night work in the Offshore Industry have been conducted and little research has been done concerning swing shifts in the North Sea. The field is obviously in need of more empirically based knowledge.
-
Shift work and accidents--relevance for the Offshore Industry
Tidsskrift for Den Norske Laegeforening, 2004Co-Authors: Alvhild Alette Bjørkum, Ståle Pallesen, Fred Holsten, Bjørn BjorvatnAbstract:BACKGROUND:Increased use of shift work depends on keeping productivity and safety at acceptable levels. Approximately 7000 workers in the Norwegian Offshore Industry are working night shifts. MATERIAL AND METHODS:We have reviewed relevant literature on injuries in relation to shift work. RESULTS:The literature is inconclusive. The reason for this is most likely that all the studies are either observational or retrospective; no controlled interventions were found. However, shift work generally and night shifts in particular seem to increase the risk of injury. When newer data are taken into account, these clearly indicate that shift work is associated with reduced safety and productivity. INTERPRETATION:We conclude that if and when shift work is needed, it should be organised with certain patterns and rest breaks in order to reduce the risk of accidents and injuries. Focused and well-planned research is strongly needed in this field. Very few studies have been conducted on shift work and health effects Offshore.
Cheng Siong Chin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
system design of underwater battery power system for marine and Offshore Industry
Journal of energy storage, 2019Co-Authors: Cheng Siong Chin, Junbo Jia, J Chiew, Wei Da Toh, Zuchang Gao, Caizhi Zhang, John MccannAbstract:Abstract Application of battery power systems increases in the marine and Offshore Industry. Most applications target to reduce the energy consumptions when the battery power system is wholly or partially used. The hardware and software of the battery power system design for underwater application are described. The testing of the battery power system is successfully performed in a water tank at low temperature of 4 °C that mimics subsea operating condition where most remotely-operated vehicle (ROV) operates. The average variation of state-of-charge for the 12-cell is approximately 5 percent after active cell balancing. The battery management system is capable of estimating the state-of-charge and using the data to perform the active cell balancing on each cell with different imbalanced state-of-charge values of at least 30 percent.